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82 <div class="magick-template">
83 <div class="magick-header">
84 …-center"><a href="command-line-options.html#adaptive-blur">‑adaptive‑blur</a> • <a …
85 …s="lead magick-description">Below is list of command-line options recognized by the ImageMagick <a…
88 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="adaptive-blur"></a>-adaptive-blur <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</var>]</…
91 <p class="magick-description">Adaptively blur pixels, with decreasing effect near edges.</p>
97 <h3><a class="anchor" id="adaptive-resize"></a>-adaptive-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
100 <p class="magick-description">Resize the image using data-dependent triangulation.</p>
102 …-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details about the <em class="arg">…
103 option defaults to data-dependent triangulation. Use the <a
104 href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> to choose a different resampling algorithm.
106 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
109 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="adaptive-sharpen"></a>-adaptive-sharpen <var>radius</var>[x<var>sigma</v…
112 <p class="magick-description">Adaptively sharpen pixels, with increasing effect near edges.</p>
119 <h3><a class="anchor" id="adjoin"></a>-adjoin</h3>
122 <p class="magick-description">Join images into a single multi-image file.</p>
129 adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number before the suffix, in order to
132 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> to force each image to be written to
136 <p>Including a C-style integer format string in the output filename will
137 automagically enable <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> and are used to specify
138 where the <a href="command-line-options.html#scene">-scene</a> number is placed in the filenames. T…
140 who have used the standard <code>printf()</code>' C-library function. As an
143 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert logo: rose: -morph 15 my%02dmorph.jpg
147 <a href="command-line-options.html#morph">-morph</a>), named: my00morph.jpg, my01morph.jpg,
153 <li>the output image's file format does not allow multi-image files,</li>
154 <li>the <a href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> option is given, or</li>
161 <h3><a class="anchor" id="affine"></a>-affine
165 <p class="magick-description">Set the drawing transformation matrix for combined rotating and scali…
168 href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-t…
170 <p>The matrix entries are entered as comma-separated numeric values either in
179 <p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="affine transformation" src="../images/affin…
187 <p>The transformation matrix complies with the left-handed pixel coordinate
199 <p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#transform">-transform</a>, and the <a
200 href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> method '<code>Affineprojection</code> for more
204 <pre class="highlight"><code>-affine <var>s<sub>x</sub></var>,0,0,<var>s<sub>y</sub></var>
209 <pre class="highlight"><code>-affine 1,0,0,1,<var>t<sub>x</sub></var>,<var>t<sub>y</sub></var>
212 <p>Rotate clockwise about the origin (the upper left-hand corner) by an angle
216 <pre class="highlight"><code>-affine <var>c</var>,<var>s</var>,-<var>s</var>,<var>c</var>
219 <p>The cumulative effect of a sequence of <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a>
220 transformations can be accomplished by instead by a single <a href="command-line-options.html#affin…
221 >-affine</a> operation using the matrix equal to the product of the matrices
224 <p>An attempt is made to detect near-singular transformation matrices. If the
228 <h3><a class="anchor" id="alpha"></a>-alpha <var>type</var></h3>
231 <p class="magick-description">Gives control of the alpha/matte channel of an image.</p>
237 <dt class="col-md-4">Activate</dt>
238 <dd class="col-md-8">
239 Enable the image's transparency channel. Note normally Set
244 <dt class="col-md-4">Associate</dt>
245 <dd class="col-md-8">
248 <dt class="col-md-4">Deactivate</dt>
249 <dd class="col-md-8">
253 <dt class="col-md-4">Disassociate</dt>
254 <dd class="col-md-8">
257 <dt class="col-md-4">Set</dt>
258 <dd class="col-md-8">
263 <dt class="col-md-4">Opaque</dt>
264 <dd class="col-md-8">
268 <dt class="col-md-4">Transparent</dt>
269 <dd class="col-md-8">
275 <dt class="col-md-4">Extract</dt>
276 <dd class="col-md-8">
283 <dt class="col-md-4">Copy</dt>
284 <dd class="col-md-8">
290 <dt class="col-md-4">Shape</dt>
291 <dd class="col-md-8">
297 <dt class="col-md-4">Remove</dt>
298 <dd class="col-md-8">
302 <dt class="col-md-4">Background</dt>
303 <dd class="col-md-8">
304 Set any fully-transparent pixel to the background color, while leaving
305 it fully-transparent. This can make some image file formats, such as
312 same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> Off</code>", the <code>
313 >-matte</code> operation was the same as "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</…
314 Set</code>" and not "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> On</code>". </p>
318 -annotate <var>degrees</var> <var>text</var><br />
319 …-annotate <var>Xdegrees</var>x<var>Ydegrees</var> <var>text</var><br /> -annotate <var>Xdegrees</v…
322 <p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with text</p>
325 control over text annotations, use <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>.</p>
329 …t give the location of the text relative any <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity…
331 <p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>
332 or <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> <var>degrees</var>x<var>degrees</var>…
340 <p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="annotate transformation" src="../images/ann…
343 bottom-left of the text becomes the upper-left corner of the image, which is
344 probably undesirable. Adding a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> option in …
347 <p>Text is any UTF-8 encoded character sequence. If <var>text</var>
353 <h3><a class="anchor" id="antialias"></a>-antialias</h3>
356 <p class="magick-description">Enable/Disable of the rendering of anti-aliasing pixels when drawing …
359 drawn. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#antialias">+antialias</a> to disable the addition of
365 <h3><a class="anchor" id="append"></a>-append</h3>
368 <p class="magick-description">Join current images vertically or horizontally.</p>
371 images in sequence top-to-bottom. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#append">+append</a> to
372 stack images left-to-right. </p>
375 current <a href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color setting, and their
377 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. </p>
381 <h3><a class="anchor" id="attenuate"></a>-attenuate <var>value</var></h3>
384 <p class="magick-description">Lessen (or intensify) when adding noise to an image.</p>
389 <h3><a class="anchor" id="authenticate"></a>-authenticate <var>password</var></h3>
392 <p class="magick-description">Decrypt a PDF with a password.</p>
398 <p>For a different encryption method, see <a href="command-line-options.html#encipher">-encipher</a>
399 and <a href="command-line-options.html#decipher">-decipher</a>. </p>
403 <h3><a class="anchor" id="auto-gamma"></a>-auto-gamma</h3>
406 <p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust gamma level of image.</p>
409 href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> adjustment so that the mean color in the
414 <p>This works well for real-life images with little or no extreme dark and
419 <p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
421 values is used and modified. As the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
422 >-channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', channels are modified
428 <h3><a class="anchor" id="auto-level"></a>-auto-level</h3>
431 <p class="magick-description">Automagically adjust color levels of image.</p>
435 href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator to stretch the values to the full range…
438 <p>The operator is not typically used for real-life images, image scans, or
439 JPEG format images, as a single 'out-rider' pixel can set a bad min/max values
440 for the <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operation. On the other hand it is t…
445 <p>The operator is very similar to the <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>…
446 href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line…
447 >-linear-stretch</a> operators, but without 'histogram binning' or 'clipping'
448 problems that these operators may have. That is <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level"
449 >-auto-level</a> is the perfect or ideal version these operators. </p>
451 <p>It uses the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting, (including the
454 href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> setting is '<var>RGB,sync</var>', the
461 <h3><a class="anchor" id="auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient</h3>
464 <p class="magick-description">adjusts an image so that its orientation is suitable for viewing (i.e…
475 href="command-line-options.html#auto-orient" >-auto-orient</a> operator will do nothing. </p>
478 <h3><a class="anchor" id="auto-threshold"></a>-auto-threshold <var>method</var></h3>
481 <p class="magick-description">automatically perform image thresholding.</p>
486 <dt class="col-md-4">Undefined</dt><dd class="col-md-8">0: No method specified (equivalent to '<co…
487 <dt class="col-md-4">Kapur</dt><dd class="col-md-8">maximum entropy thresholding.</dd>
488 <dt class="col-md-4">OTSU</dt><dd class="col-md-8">cluster-based image thresholding.</dd>
489 <dt class="col-md-4">Triangle</dt><dd class="col-md-8">a geometric thresholding method.</dd>
492 <p>The computed threshold is returned as the <kbd>auto-threshold:threshold</kbd> image property.</p>
495 <h3><a class="anchor" id="average"></a>-average</h3>
498 <p class="magick-description">Average a set of images.</p>
504 <h3><a class="anchor" id="backdrop"></a>-backdrop</h3>
507 <p class="magick-description">Display the image centered on a backdrop.</p>
512 described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
515 <h3><a class="anchor" id="background"></a>-background <var>color</var></h3>
518 <p class="magick-description">Set the background color.</p>
521 href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The default background color (if none is
525 <h3><a class="anchor" id="bench"></a>-bench <var>iterations</var></h3>
528 <p class="magick-description">Measure performance.</p>
530 <p>Repeat the entire command for the given number of <var>iterations</var> and report the user-time…
532 -duration to run the benchmark for a fixed number of seconds and -concurrent
535 <pre class="highlight"><code>-> convert logo: -resize 200% -bench 5 logo.png
548 <h3><a class="anchor" id="bias"></a>-bias <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
551 <p class="magick-description">Add bias when convolving an image.</p>
553 <p>This option shifts the output of <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</…
556 <p>This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing
562 <p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html…
566 <p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
567 href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
568 about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
569 href="../Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages or this
575 <h3><a class="anchor" id="black-point-compensation"></a>-black-point-compensation</h3>
578 <p class="magick-description">Use black point compensation.</p>
581 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
584 <p class="magick-description">Force to black all pixels below the threshold while leaving all pixel…
588 desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command…
592 <h3><a class="anchor" id="blend"></a>-blend <var>geometry</var></h3>
595 <p class="magick-description">blend an image into another by the given absolute value or percent.</…
601 <code>-blend 30%</code> merges 30% of the 'source' image with 70% of the
602 'destination' image. Thus it is equivalent to <code>-blend 30x70%</code>.</p>
606 <h3><a class="anchor" id="blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <var>x</var>,<var>y</var></h3>
609 <p class="magick-description">Set the blue chromaticity primary point.</p>
612 <h3><a class="anchor" id="blue-shift"></a>-blue-shift <var>factor</var></h3>
615 <p class="magick-description">simulate a scene at nighttime in the moonlight. Start with a factor …
620 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="blur"></a>-blur <var>radius</var><br />-blur <var>radius</var>x<var>sigm…
623 <p class="magick-description">Reduce image noise and reduce detail levels.</p>
628 <p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height=…
645 <p>This option differs from <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a> si…
647 we apply a single-dimensional Gaussian matrix in the horizontal direction,
650 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine …
656 <h3><a class="anchor" id="border"></a>-border <var>geometry</var></h3>
659 <p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border of color. </p>
662 <var>geometry</var> argument. See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</…
665 <p>As of IM 6.7.8-8, the <var>geometry</var> arguments behave as follows:</p>
668 <dt class="col-md-4"><var>value</var></dt>
669 <dd class="col-md-8">value is added to both left/right and top/bottom</dd>
670 <dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var><code>x</code></dt>
671 <dd class="col-md-8">value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
672 <dt class="col-md-4"><code>x</code><var>value-y</var></dt>
673 <dd class="col-md-8">value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
674 <dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var><code>x</code><var>value-y</var></dt>
675 <dd class="col-md-8">value-x is added to left/right and value-y added to top/bottom</dd>
676 <dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var><code>x</code>0</dt>
677 <dd class="col-md-8">value-x is added only to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
678 <dt class="col-md-4">0<code>x</code><var>value-y</var></dt>
679 <dd class="col-md-8">value-y is added only to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
680 <dt class="col-md-4"><var>value</var>%</dt>
681 <dd class="col-md-8">value % of width is added to left/right and value % of height is added to top/…
682 <dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var><code>x</code>%</dt>
683 <dd class="col-md-8">value-x % of width is added to left/right and to top/bottom</dd>
684 <dt class="col-md-4">x<var>value-y</var>%</dt>
685 <dd class="col-md-8">value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and to left/right</dd>
686 <dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var>%<code>x</code><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
687 <dd class="col-md-8">value-x % of width is added to left/right and value-y % of height is added to …
688 <dt class="col-md-4"><var>value-x</var>%<code>x</code>0%</dt>
689 <dd class="col-md-8">value-x % of width is added to left/right and top/bottom are unchanged</dd>
690 <dt class="col-md-4">0%<code>x</code><var>value-y</var>%</dt>
691 <dd class="col-md-8">value-y % of height is added to top/bottom and left/right are unchanged</dd>
695 href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
697 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a> operation is affected by the current …
698 href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the de…
700 size colors by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> before
703 be replaced by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting…
704 <p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, which has more
708 <h3><a class="anchor" id="bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <var>color</var></h3>
711 <p class="magick-description">Set the border color.</p>
713 …specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> …
715 <p>The default border color is <code>#DFDFDF</code>, <span style="background-color: #dfdfdf;">this …
718 <h3><a class="anchor" id="borderwidth"></a>-borderwidth <var>geometry</var> </h3>
721 <p class="magick-description">Set the border width.</p>
724 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="brightness-contrast"></a>-brightness-contrast <var>brightness</var><br /…
727 <p class="magick-description">Adjust the brightness and/or contrast of the image.</p>
731 The range of values is -100 to +100 on each. Positive values increase the
736 <p>You may also use <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-channel</a> to control which channels…
742 using <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-function polynomial "slope,offset"</a>.</p>
744 <p>The slope varies from 0 at contrast=-100 to almost vertical at
745 contrast=+100. For brightness=0 and contrast=-100, the result are totally
753 <p>The offset varies from -0.5 at brightness=-100 to 0 at brightness=0 to +0.5
755 totally white. Similarly, when contrast=0 and brightness=-100, the result is
758 <p>As the range of values for the arguments are -100 to +100, adding the '%'
762 <h3><a class="anchor" id="cache"></a>-cache <var>threshold</var></h3>
765 <p class="magick-description">(This option has been replaced by the <a href='command-line-options.h…
768 …chor" id="canny"></a>-canny <var>radius</var><br/>-canny <var>radius</var>x<var>sigma</var>{<var>+…
771 <p class="magick-description">Canny edge detector uses a multi-stage algorithm to detect a wide ran…
773 …-canny 0x1+10%+30%) with {<var>+lower-percent</var>} < {<var>+upper-percent</var>}. If {<var>+u…
776 <h3><a class="anchor" id="caption"></a>-caption <var>string</var></h3>
779 <p class="magick-description">Assign a caption to an image.</p>
781 <p>This option sets the caption meta-data of an image read in after this
783 "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> caption</code>". </p>
794 <p>Caption meta-data is not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
795 <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#dr…
800 <pre class="highlight"><code>-caption "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
809 <h3><a class="anchor" id="cdl"></a>-cdl <var>filename</var></h3>
812 <p class="magick-description">color correct with a color decision list.</p>
816 <pre class="highlight"><code><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
821 <Offset> 0.4 -0.5 0.6 </Offset>
832 <h3><a class="anchor" id="channel"></a>-channel <var>type</var></h3>
835 <p class="magick-description">Specify those image color channels to which subsequent operators are …
843 <p>The channels above can also be specified as a comma-separated list or can be
859 <code>-channel Red,Blue</code>
860 <code>-channel R,B</code>
861 <code>-channel RB</code>
862 <code>-channel 0,2</code>
867 but generally any operators that are generally 'grey-scale' image operators,
874 operators that understand this flag should perform: cross-channel
875 synchronization of the channels. If not specified, then most grey-scale
877 channel (as specified by the rest of the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
880 <p>For example for operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a>…
881 <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a> the color channels are modified
882 together in exactly the same way so that colors will remain in-sync. Without
886 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a> '<code>Convolve</code>' method
887 and the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> mathematical methods, also underst…
890 processing with the understanding that fully-transparent colors should not
894 treats transparency as special, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
900 <p>To print a complete list of channel types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
903 <p>By default, ImageMagick sets <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to the val…
908 href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a> will reset the value back to this default. <…
910 <p>Options that are affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setti…
913 <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-gamma">-auto-gamma</a>,
914 <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a>,
915 <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">-black-threshold</a>,
916 <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>,
917 <a href="command-line-options.html#clamp">-clamp</a>,
918 <a href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a>,
919 <a href="command-line-options.html#combine">-combine</a>,
920 <a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a> (Mathematical compose methods only),
921 <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>,
922 <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a>,
923 <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a>,
924 <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a>,
925 <a href="command-line-options.html#fx">-fx</a>,
926 <a href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>,
927 <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut">-hald-clut</a>,
928 <a href="command-line-options.html#motion-blur">-motion-blur</a>,
929 <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</a>,
930 <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a>,
931 <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize">-normalize</a>,
932 <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a>,
933 <a href="command-line-options.html#radial-blur">-radial-blur</a>,
934 <a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold</a>,
935 <a href="command-line-options.html#range-threshold">-range-threshold</a>,
936 <a href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>,
937 <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a>, and
938 <a href="command-line-options.html#white-threshold">-white-threshold</a>.
941 <p>Warning, some operators behave differently when the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel"
943 href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting (including the equivalent of the
947 <p>For example <a href="command-line-options.html#threshold">-threshold</a> will by default graysca…
948 the image before thresholding, if no <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> sett…
951 <p>Also some operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, <a
952 href="command-line-options.html#gaussian-blur">-gaussian-blur</a>, will modify their handling of the
954 href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>. Generally this done to ensure that
955 fully-transparent colors are treated as being fully-transparent, and thus any
957 resulting in 'halo' effects. The newer <a href="command-line-options.html#morphology">-morphology</…
963 alpha channel present, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting te…
965 href="command-line-options.html#clut">-clut</a> operator is a good example of this. </p>
968 <h3><a class="anchor" id="channel-fx"></a>-channel-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
971 <p class="magick-description">exchange, extract, or copy one or more image channels.</p>
985 <pre class="highlight"><code>-channel-fx "red; green; blue"
991 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert wizard.png mask.pgm -channel-fx '| gray=>alpha' wizard-alpha.p…
994 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert wizard.png mask.pgm -channel-fx '| gray=>read-mask' wizard-mas…
997 <p>Add <code>-debug pixel</code> prior to the <code>-channel-fx</code> option to track the channel …
1000 <h3><a class="anchor" id="charcoal"></a>-charcoal <var>factor</var></h3>
1003 <p class="magick-description">Simulate a charcoal drawing.</p>
1006 <h3><a class="anchor" id="chop"></a>-chop <var>geometry</var></h3>
1009 <p class="magick-description">Remove pixels from the interior of an image.</p>
1011 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
1016 a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting, if present.</p>
1018 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> option removes entire rows and columns,
1022 typically used with as <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting and zero
1024 href="command-line-options.html#shave" >-shave</a> which removes equal numbers of pixels from oppos…
1027 <p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#chop">-chop</a> effectively undoes the results of a <a
1028 …f="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> that was given the same <var>geometry</var> and <…
1031 …3><a class="anchor" id="clahe"></a>-clahe <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{%}{+}<var>number-bins…
1034 …-description">contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization. The image is divided into tiles of…
1038 <h3><a class="anchor" id="clamp"></a>-clamp</h3>
1041 <p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is below zero to zero and any the pixel wh…
1044 <h3><a class="anchor" id="clip"></a>-clip</h3>
1047 <p class="magick-description">Apply the clipping path if one is present.</p>
1053 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert cockatoo.tif -clip -negate negated.tif
1058 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> feature requires SVG support. If the SVG
1061 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">+clip</a> to disable clipping for subsequent operat…
1064 <h3><a class="anchor" id="clip-mask"></a>-clip-mask</h3>
1067 <p class="magick-description">Clip the image as defined by this mask.</p>
1075 a rectangular <a href="command-line-options.html#region" >-region</a>, or using the negative of the
1076 mask (third) image in a three image <a href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a>,
1079 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">+clip-mask</a> to disable clipping for subsequ…
1082 <h3><a class="anchor" id="clip-path"></a>-clip-path <var>id</var></h3>
1085 <p class="magick-description">Clip along a named path from the 8BIM profile.</p>
1087 <p>This is identical to <a href="command-line-options.html#clip">-clip</a> except choose a specific…
1089 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-path">+clip-path</a> to disable clipping for subsequ…
1092 <h3><a class="anchor" id="clone"></a>-clone <var>index(s)</var></h3>
1095 <p class="magick-description">make a clone of an image (or images).</p>
1110 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#clone">+clone</a> will simply make a copy of the last ima…
1115 <h3><a class="anchor" id="clut"></a>-clut</h3>
1118 <p class="magick-description">Replace the channel values in the first image using each correspondin…
1124 top-left to bottom-right corners.</p>
1127 href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a> setting, which is especially handy fo…
1137 <p>Only the channel values defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
1139 href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is <code>RGB</code>, this means that
1141 href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting is modified. When the alpha channel is
1142 set, it is treated by the <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> operator in the same …
1147 transparency (i.e. <a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> is turned 'off') but the <a
1148 href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> setting includes alpha replacement, then it is
1155 <p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#hald-clut" >-hald-clut</a> which replaces colors
1161 <h3><a class="anchor" id="coalesce"></a>-coalesce</h3>
1164 <p class="magick-description">Fully define the look of each frame of an GIF animation sequence, to …
1167 its <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose">-dispose</a> meta-data, to reproduce the look of
1174 <p>The animation can be re-optimized after processing using
1175 the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> method '<code>optimize</code>', although
1181 <h3><a class="anchor" id="colorize"></a>-colorize <var>value</var></h3>
1184 …-description">Colorize the image by an amount specified by <var>value</var> using the color specif…
1188 a comma-delimited list of colorization
1189 values (e.g., <code>-colorize 0,0,50</code>).</p>
1192 <h3><a class="anchor" id="colormap"></a>-colormap <var>type</var></h3>
1195 <p class="magick-description">Define the colormap type.</p>
1201 to <a href="command-line-options.html#visual">-visual</a> for more details. By default,
1210 <h3><a class="anchor" id="colors"></a>-colors <var>value</var></h3>
1213 <p class="magick-description">Set the preferred number of colors in the image.</p>
1226 <h3><a class="anchor" id="color-matrix"></a>-color-matrix <var>matrix</var></h3>
1229 <p class="magick-description">apply color correction to the image.</p>
1232 and various other effects. Although variable-sized transformation matrices
1240 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert kittens.jpg -color-matrix \
1241 " 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
1242 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
1243 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.0, 0.0, -0.157 \
1249 <h3><a class="anchor" id="colorspace"></a>-colorspace <var>value</var></h3>
1252 <p class="magick-description">Set the image colorspace.</p>
1266 <p>To print a complete list of colorspaces, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list colo…
1268 … RGB, CMYK, or grayscale colorspaces, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile…
1270 <table class="table table-sm table-striped">
1288 …middle">B=distance along axis from bottom upward; B=max(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1290 …<tr><th valign="middle">HSL — Hue, Saturation, Lightness; like a double cone end-to-end with peaks…
1293 …ong axis from bottom upward; L=0.5*max(R,G,B) + 0.5*min(R,G,B); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1313 … <tr><td valign="middle">I1=0.33333*R+0.33334*G+0.33333*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1321 … <tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390*R+0.5868110*G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1322 …<tr><td valign="middle">Cb=(−0.168736*R-0.331264*G+0.500000*B)*(<var>QuantumRange</var>+1)/2</td><…
1329 … <tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.212656*R+0.715158*G+0.072186*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1333 …<tr><td valign="middle">if R ≤ .0.0031308 then Rs=R/12.92 else Rs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) - 0.055</t…
1334 …<tr><td valign="middle">if G ≤ .0.0031308 then Gs=B/12.92 else Gs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) - 0.055</t…
1335 …<tr><td valign="middle">if B ≤ .0.0031308 then Bs=B/12.92 else Bs=1.055 R ^ (1.0 / 2.4) - 0.055</t…
1343 …=(0.298839*R+0.586811*G+0.114350*B) (with complicated scaling); <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1348 … <tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390*R+0.5868110*G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1353 … <tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839*R+0.586811*G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1358 … <tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.2988390*R+0.5868110*G+0.1143500*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1363 … <tr><td valign="middle">Y=0.298839*R+0.586811*G+0.114350*B; <var>intensity-like</var></td></tr>
1368 <p>Note the scRGB colorspace requires HDRI support otherwise it behaves just like linear RGB.</p>
1370 <p>Use the <code>Undefined</code> colorspace to identify multi-spectral images.</p>
1373 <h3><a class="anchor" id="combine"></a>-combine</h3>
1377 <p class="magick-description">Combine one or more images into a single image.</p>
1379 <p>The channels (previously set by <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>) of the
1381 sequence, in order. For the default -channel setting of <code>RGB</code>, this
1386 href="command-line-options.html#separate">-separate</a>, so long as the channel settings are the sa…
1390 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert original.png -channel RGB -separate sepimage.png
1391 convert sepimage-0.png sepimage-1.png sepimage-2.png -channel RGB \
1392 -combine imagecopy.png
1396 <h3><a class="anchor" id="comment"></a>-comment <var>string</var></h3>
1399 <p class="magick-description">Embed a comment in an image.</p>
1401 <p>This option sets the comment meta-data of an image read in after this
1403 "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> comment</code>". </p>
1414 <p>Comment meta-data are not visible on the image itself. To do that use the
1415 <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#dr…
1420 <pre class="highlight"><code>-comment "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
1428 <h3><a class="anchor" id="compare"></a>-compare</h3>
1431 <p class="magick-description">mathematically and visually annotate the difference between an image …
1435 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare \ <br/> differen…
1440 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png reference.png -metric RMSE -compare -format \
1445 <h3><a class="anchor" id="complex"></a>-complex <var>operator</var></h3>
1448 <p class="magick-description">perform complex mathematics on an image sequence</p>
1455 magnitude-phase
1457 real-imaginary
1461 …e <code>divide</code> operator SNR with <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</…
1464 <h3><a class="anchor" id="compose"></a>-compose <var>operator</var></h3>
1467 <p class="magick-description">Set the type of image composition.</p>
1474 <a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-compare</a>,
1475 <a href="command-line-options.html#composite">-composite</a>,
1476 <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> composite,
1477 <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten">-flatten</a>,
1478 <a href="command-line-options.html#mosaic">-mosaic</a>,
1479 <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a> merge,
1480 <a href="command-line-options.html#border">-border</a>,
1481 <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a>,
1482 and <a href="command-line-options.html#extent">-extent</a>. </p>
1489 <h3><a class="anchor" id="composite"></a>-composite</h3>
1492 <p class="magick-description">Perform alpha composition on two images and an optional mask</p>
1495 according to the current <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting. The loca…
1497 href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#geom…
1503 mask is used to provide a separate Y-displacement image instead. </p>
1505 <p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> method requires extra numerical
1507 href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>option:compose:args</code>'
1510 <p>Some <a href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destinatio…
1511 …efault. You can enable this by setting the this define: <a href="command-line-options.html#define…
1513 …mit values outside this range with this option: <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '…
1517 <h3><a class="anchor" id="compress"></a>-compress <var>type</var></h3>
1520 <p class="magick-description">Use pixel compression specified by <var>type</var> when writing the i…
1528 <p>To print a complete list of compression types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
1531 <p>Specify <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">+compress</a> to store the binary image in …
1537 read by LZW decoders. This may result in larger-than-expected GIF files.</p>
1552 <p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#quality">-quality</a> option to set the compression l…
1554 Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to set the
1555 sampling factor to be used by JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for down-sampling
1559 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="connected-components"></a>-connected-components <var>connectivity</var><…
1562 <p class="magick-description"><a href="../www/connected-components.html">connected-components</a> l…
1564 <p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> connected-components:verbose=t…
1567 <h3><a class="anchor" id="contrast"></a>-contrast</h3>
1570 <p class="magick-description">Enhance or reduce the image contrast.</p>
1573 darker elements of the image. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">-contrast</a> to enh…
1574 the image or <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast">+contrast</a> to reduce the image
1579 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
1583 …anchor" id="contrast-stretch"></a>-contrast-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-contrast-stretch …
1586 <p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range …
1588 …tretch, black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point</va…
1589 <var >black-point %</var> pixels and white-out at most <var>white-point %</var> pixels.</p>
1591 <p>Prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
1592 >-contrast-stretch</a> will black-out at most <var>black-point</var> pixels and white-out at most <…
1593 …s white-point</var> pixels. Or, if percent is used, black-out at most <var>black-point %</var> pix…
1595 <p>Note that <code>-contrast-stretch 0</code> will modify the image such that
1596 …retched to 0 and <var>QuantumRange</var>, respectively, without any loss of data due to burn-out or
1597 clipping at either end. This is not the same as <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize"
1598 >-normalize</a>, which is equivalent to <code>-contrast-stretch 0.15x0.05%</code> (or
1599 prior to ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <code>-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</code>).</p>
1606 preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
1607 setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
1610 <p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
1613 <p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
1617 <h3><a class="anchor" id="convolve"></a>-convolve <var>kernel</var></h3>
1620 <p class="magick-description">Convolve an image with a user-supplied convolution kernel.</p>
1623 a comma-separated list of integers (with no spaces), ordered left-to right,
1624 starting with the top row. Presently, only odd-dimensioned kernels are
1628 …ote that the <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">‑convolve</a> operator supports t…
1629 positive and negative results are relative to a user-specified bias value.
1630 This is important for non-HDRI compilations of ImageMagick when dealing with
1636 <p>When using an ImageMagick with the HDRI compile-time setting, <a href="command-line-options.html…
1638 See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
1639 href="high-dynamic-range.html">High
1640 Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
1641 href="../Usage/basics/#hdri">Usage</a> pages or this
1647 <h3><a class="anchor" id="copy"></a>-copy <var>geometry</var> <var>offset</var></h3>
1650 <p class="magick-description">copy pixels from one area of an image to another.</p>
1653 <h3><a class="anchor" id="crop"></a>-crop <var>geometry</var>{<var>@</var>}{<var>!</var>}</h3>
1656 <p class="magick-description">Cut out one or more rectangular regions of the image.</p>
1658 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
1664 amount to be removed, use <a href="command-line-options.html#shave">-shave</a> instead.</p>
1670 left corner of the image. If the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
1674 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is present with <code>SouthWest</code>,
1695 <p>It might be necessary to <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> the image prior…
1697 upper-left corner of the visible image.
1699 Similarly you may want to use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> after croppin…
1705 <h3><a class="anchor" id="cycle"></a>-cycle <var>amount</var></h3>
1708 <p class="magick-description">displace image colormap by amount.</p>
1715 <h3><a class="anchor" id="debug"></a>-debug <var>events</var></h3>
1718 <p class="magick-description">enable debug printout.</p>
1722 a comma-separated list consisting of one or more of the following domains:
1732 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
1738 <p>To print the complete list of debug methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
1741 <p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#log">-log</a> option to specify the format for debugg…
1744 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">+debug</a> to turn off all logging.</p>
1748 environment variable are the same as for the <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a>
1753 <h3><a class="anchor" id="decipher"></a>-decipher <var>filename</var></h3>
1756 … class="magick-description">Decipher and restore pixels that were previously transformed by <a hre…
1766 <h3><a class="anchor" id="deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct</h3>
1769 <p class="magick-description">find areas that has changed between images </p>
1772 href="command-line-options.html#coalesce">-coalesce</a>, replace the second and later images, with
1780 <p>This option is actually equivalent to the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers">-layers</a>
1781 method '<code>compare-any</code>'. </p>
1785 <h3><a class="anchor" id="define"></a>-define <var>key</var>{<var>=value</var>}<var>...</var></h3>
1788 <p class="magick-description">add specific global settings generally used to control coders and ima…
1794 href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output for…
1797 <p>If <var>value</var> is missing for a definition, an empty-valued
1799 options. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define key</a> to remove definitions
1800 previously created. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#define">+define "*"</a> to remove all
1804 href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set "option:<var>key</var>" "<var>value</var>"</a> option, w…
1807 <p>The <var>option</var> and <var>key</var> are case-independent (they are
1809 is case-dependent.</p>
1816 <table class="table table-sm table-striped">
1837 <td>colorspace:auto-grayscale=<var>on|off</var></td>
1839 grayscale. This should be accompanied by -type truecolor. PNG and TIF do
1841 -type truecolor. JPG and PSD will need this define.</td>
1846 <td>Set the divide SNR constant<a href="command-line-options.html#complex">-complex</a>.</td>
1851 <td>Sets certain compose argument values when using convert ... -compose ...
1852 -composite. See <a href="compose.html"
1857 <td>compose:clip-to-self=<var>true|false</var></td>
1858 …<td>Some <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> methods can modify the 'destina…
1866 ImageMagick 6.9.1-3 and above.</td>
1870 <td>connected-components:area-threshold=<var>value</var></td>
1875 <td>connected-components:keep=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
1877 Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.3-0.</td>
1881 <td>connected-components:mean-color=<var>true</var></td>
1883 in Imagemagick 6.9.2-8.</td>
1887 <td>connected-components:remove=<var>list-of-ids</var></td>
1889 Supported in Imagemagick 6.9.2-9.</td>
1893 <td>connected-components:verbose=<var>true</var></td>
1903 range scaling. The ^ flag assures the kernel is 'zero-summing', for
1915 href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology convolve</a> kernel.</td>
1919 <td>dcm:display-range=<var>reset</var></td>
1925 <td>dds:cluster-fit=<var>true|false</var></td>
1926 <td>Enables the dds cluster-fit.</td>
1940 <td>dds:weight-by-alpha=<var>true|false</var></td>
1945 <td>deskew:auto-crop=<var>true</var></td>
1956 <td>Sets the output scaling factor for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
1957 >-distort</a>.</td>
1962 … <td>Sets the viewport for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a>.</td>
1966 <td>dot:layout-engine=<var>value</var></td>
1972 <td>exr:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
1978 <td>Set a filter option for use with <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>.
1979 See <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> for details.</td>
1985 …<a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+-fft</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+-if…
1991 <td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
2000 <td>hough-lines:accumulator=true</td>
2005 <td>heic:preserve-orientation</td>
2012 <td>icon:auto-resize</td>
2028 <td>jp2:layer-number=<var>value</var></td>
2034 <td>jp2:number-resolutions=<var>value</var></td>
2040 <td>jp2:progression-order=<var>value</var></td>
2054 <td>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000 files.
2057 defined, this value overrides the -quality setting. A quality setting
2062 <td>jp2:reduce-factor=<var>value</var></td>
2068 <td>jpeg:block-smoothing=<var>on|off</var></td>
2079 <td>jpeg:dct-method=<var>value</var></td>
2086 <td>Restrict the maximum JPEG file size, for example <code>-define
2089 exceed the value. The <code>-quality</code> option also will be respected
2090 starting with version 6.9.2-5. Between 6.9.1-0 and 6.9.2-4, add -quality
2091 100 in order for the jpeg:extent to work properly. Prior to 6.9.1-0, the
2092 -quality setting was ignored.</td>
2096 <td>jpeg:fancy-upsampling=<var>on|off</var></td>
2101 <td>jpeg:optimize-coding=<var>on|off</var></td>
2106 <td>jpeg:q-table=<var>table</var></td>
2111 <td>jpeg:sampling-factor=<var>sampling-factor-string</var></td>
2118 example, <code>-define jpeg:size=128x128</code>.
2145 <td>Set the image encoding format use when writing a C-style header.
2150 <td>mng:need-cacheoff</td>
2155 <td>morphology:compose=<var>compose-method</var></td>
2157 href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel. The default is none. One
2165 href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
2169 <td>pcl:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
2173 <td>pdf:fit-page=<var>geometry</var></td>
2176 allowed. (introduced in IM 6.8.8-8)</td>
2180 <td>pdf:fit-to-page=<var>true</var></td>
2185 <td>pdf:use-cropbox=<var>true</var></td>
2190 <td>pdf:use-trimbox=<var>true</var></td>
2195 <td>pdf:stop-on-error=<var>true</var></td>
2200 <td>pdf:pdf:page-direction=<var>right-to-left</var></td>
2208 of IM 7.0.3-8)</td>
2214 specified by <code>-define phash:colorspaces</code> when using compare
2215 -metric phash. (as of IM 7.0.3-8)</td>
2219 <td>png:bit-depth=<var>value</var></td>
2224 <td>png:color-type=<var>value</var></td>
2225 <td>desired bit-depth and color-type for PNG output. You can force the PNG
2226 encoder to use a different bit-depth and color-type than it would have
2229 PNG file is written. E.g., if you have a 1-bit black-and-white image, you
2230 can use these "defines" to cause it to be written as an 8-bit grayscale,
2231 indexed, or even a 64-bit RGBA. But if you have a 16-million color image,
2233 …wish to do this, you must use the appropriate <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a>,
2234 …<a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, or <a href="command-line-options.html#type…
2236 indexed PNG files, "bit-depth" refers to the number of bits per index,
2238 8-bit depth.</td>
2242 <td>png:compression-filter=<var>value</var></td>
2243 <td> valid values are 0 through 9. 0-4 are the corresponding PNG filters,
2251 <td>png:compression-level=<var>value</var></td>
2257 <td>png:compression-strategy=<var>value</var></td>
2273 a PNG-encoded ICO file or when using <a href="mogrify.html">mogrify</a>.
2278 it is allowed to reduce the bit-depth from 16 to 8 for all formats).
2284 color-type and bit-depth from the input image, if the input was also
2289 <td>png:exclude-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
2292 <td>png:include-chunk=<var>value</var></td>
2295 <p>The <var>value</var> can be the name of a PNG chunk-type such
2296 as <var>bKGD</var>, a comma-separated list of chunk-names
2299 Although PNG chunk-names are case-dependent, you can use all lowercase
2302 <p>The "include-chunk" and "exclude-chunk" lists only affect the behavior
2312 <pre class="highlight"><code>-define png:include-chunk=none,gAMA
2332 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> option does the equivalent of the
2335 <pre class="highlight"><code>-define png:exclude-chunk=EXIF,iCCP,iTXt,sRGB,tEXt,zCCP,zTXt,date
2341 regardless of their PNG "copy-safe" status as described in the
2345 if they appear in either the "include-chunk" or "exclude-chunk" list.
2357 <td>png:ignore-crc[=<var>true</var>]</td>
2363 <td>png:preserve-colormap[=<var>true</var>]</td>
2364 <td>Use the existing image->colormap. Normally the PNG encoder will
2371 <td>png:preserve-iCCP[=<var>true</var>]</td>
2376 You can use <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code> to prevent
2382 chunk, but are rejected if the <code>-define png:preserve-iCCP</code>
2388 <td>png:swap-bytes[=<var>true</var>]</td>
2389 <td>The PNG specification requires that any multi-byte integers be stored in
2390 network byte order (MSB-LSB endian). This option allows you to
2391 fix any invalid PNG files that have 16-bit samples stored incorrectly
2392 in little-endian order (LSB-MSB). The "-define png:swap-bytes" option
2412 <td>psd:additional-info=all|selective</td>
2419 non-simple layers, such as adjustment layers from the input PSD file to
2422 Imagemagick version 6.9.5-8.
2427 <td>psd:alpha-unblend=off</td>
2428 <td>Disables new automatic un-blending of transparency with the base image
2431 as of IM 6.9.2.5). The automatic un-blending is new to IM 6.9.2.5 and
2437 <td>psd:preserve-opacity-mask=true</td>
2441 enable this feature. This define is available as of Imagemagick version
2442 6.9.5-10.
2447 <td>preserve-timestamp=<var>{True, False}</var></td>
2452 <td>q-table=<var>quantization-table.xml</var></td>
2458 <td>Set the type to <code>floating-point</code> to specify a floating-point
2459 format for raw files (e.g. GRAY:) or for MIFF and TIFF images in HDRI mode
2460 to preserve negative values. If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 16 is
2462 If <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">-depth</a> 32 is included, the result is
2467 <td>quantum:polarity=<var>photometric-interpretation</var></td>
2468 <td>Set the photometric-interpretation of an image (typically for TIFF
2469 image file format) to either <code>min-is-black</code> (default) or
2470 <code>min-is-white</code>.</td>
2475 <td>Location of the sampling point within the sub-region being sampled,
2476 expressed as percentages (see <a href="command-line-options.html#sample" >-sample</a>).</td>
2482 href="command-line-options.html#morphology" >-morphology</a> kernel.</td>
2486 <td>stream:buffer-size=<var>value</var></td>
2502 <td>tiff:exif-properties=<var>true</var></td>
2507 <td>tiff:fill-order=<var>msb|lsb</var></td>
2512 <td>tiff:ignore-layers=<var>true</var></td>
2517 <td>tiff:ignore-tags=<var>comma-separate-list-of-tag-IDs</var></td>
2527 <td>tiff:rows-per-strip=<var>value</var></td>
2532 <td>tiff:tile-geometry=<var>WxH</var></td>
2566 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
2573 <pre class="highlight"><code>-define registry:temporary-path=/data/tmp
2577 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="delay"></a>-delay <var>ticks</var> <br />-delay <var>ticks</var>x<var>ti…
2580 <p class="magick-description">display the next image after pausing.</p>
2583 <var>ticks/ticks-per-second</var> seconds must expire before the display of the
2585 sequence. The default ticks-per-second is 100.</p>
2598 <h3><a class="anchor" id="delete"></a>-delete <var>indexes</var></h3>
2601 <p class="magick-description">delete the images specified by index, from the image sequence.</p>
2604 0. Negative indexes are relative to the end of the sequence, for example, -1
2606 a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g. 0,2). Use
2607 <code>+delete</code> to delete the last image in the current image sequence. Use <code>-delete 0--1…
2611 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="density"></a>-density <var>width</var><br />-density <var>width</var>x<v…
2614 <p class="magick-description">Set the horizontal and vertical resolution of an image for rendering …
2621 href="command-line-options.html#units">-units</a> option may be used to select dots per centimeter
2638 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option sets an <var>attribute</var>…
2642 resolution, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#resample">-resample</a> option.</p>
2645 <h3><a class="anchor" id="depth"></a>-depth <var>value</var></h3>
2648 <p class="magick-description">depth of the image.</p>
2654 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#depth">+depth</a> to return depth to its default value.</…
2657 <h3><a class="anchor" id="descend"></a>-descend</h3>
2660 <p class="magick-description">obtain image by descending window hierarchy.</p>
2663 <h3><a class="anchor" id="deskew"></a>-deskew <var>threshold{%}</var></h3>
2666 <p class="magick-description">straighten an image. A threshold of 40% works for most images.</p>
2668 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> <code>option:deskew:auto-crop
2672 <h3><a class="anchor" id="despeckle"></a>-despeckle</h3>
2675 <p class="magick-description">reduce the speckles within an image.</p>
2678 <h3><a class="anchor" id="direction"></a>-direction <var>type</var></h3>
2681 <p class="magick-description">render text right-to-left or left-to-right. Requires the <a href="ht…
2684 …anchor" id="displace"></a>-displace <var>horizontal-scale</var>{%}{!}<br />-displace <var>horizont…
2687 <p class="magick-description">shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map.</p>
2719 these flags were added as of IM v6.5.3-5.</p>
2733 <p>Alternatively rather than supplying two separate images, as of IM v6.4.4-0,
2738 <p>As of IM v6.5.3-5 any alpha channel in the overlay image is used as a
2744 <h3><a class="anchor" id="display"></a>-display <var>host:display[.screen]</var></h3>
2747 <p class="magick-description">Specifies the X server to contact.</p>
2753 <h3><a class="anchor" id="dispose"></a>-dispose <var>method</var></h3>
2756 <p class="magick-description">define the GIF disposal image setting for images that are being creat…
2766 <dt class="col-md-4">Undefined</dt><dd class="col-md-8">0: No disposal specified (equivalent to '<…
2767 <dt class="col-md-4">None</dt><dd class="col-md-8">1: Do not dispose, just overlay next frame imag…
2768 <dt class="col-md-4">Background</dt><dd class="col-md-8">2: Clear the frame area with the backgrou…
2769 <dt class="col-md-4">Previous</dt><dd class="col-md-8">3: Clear to the image prior to this frames …
2775 <p>To print a complete list of dispose methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list …
2777 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >+dispose</a>, turn off the setting and prevent
2780 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>dispose</code>' method to set the im…
2784 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="dissimilarity-threshold"></a>-dissimilarity-threshold <var>value</var></…
2787 <p class="magick-description">maximum RMSE for subimage match (default 0.2).</p>
2791 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="dissolve"></a>-dissolve <var>src_percent</var>[x<var>dst_percent</var>]<…
2794 <p class="magick-description">dissolve an image into another by the given percent.</p>
2807 <h3><a class="anchor" id="distort"></a>-distort <var>method arguments</var></h3>
2810 <p class="magick-description">distort an image, using the given <var>method</var> and its required …
2818 <table class="table table-sm table-striped">
2832 background (IE 2-dimensional animations). <br/>
2838 <dt class="col-md-4">2:</dt><dd class="col-md-8"><var>Scale Angle</var></dd>
2839 <dt class="col-md-4">3:</dt><dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y Angle</var></dd>
2840 <dt class="col-md-4">4:</dt><dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y Scale Angle</var></dd>
2841 <dt class="col-md-4">5:</dt> <dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle</var></dd>
2842 … <dt class="col-md-4">6:</dt> <dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y Scale Angle NewX,NewY</var></dd>
2843 …<dt class="col-md-4">7:</dt> <dd class="col-md-8"><var>X,Y ScaleX,ScaleY Angle NewX,NewY</var>…
2865 be a floating point non-integer translation). <br/>
2876 pre-calculated coefficients forming a set of Affine Equations to map
2879 <p class="text-center"><var>
2885 See <a href="command-line-options.html#affine" >-affine</a> setting for more detail, and
2892 … href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting with those other variants. </td>
2911 … which will be colored using the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a>
2934 is anti-aliased, and the 'sky' color may be set using the
2935 <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting. </td>
2942 pre-calculated coefficients. You can get these coefficients by looking
2943 at the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> output of a
2957 <dt class="col-md-4">arc_angle</dt>
2958 <dd class="col-md-8">The angle over which to arc the image side-to-side</dd>
2959 <dt class="col-md-4">rotate_angle</dt>
2960 <dd class="col-md-8">Angle to rotate resulting image from vertical center</dd>
2961 <dt class="col-md-4">top_radius</dt>
2962 <dd class="col-md-8">Set top edge of source image at this radius</dd>
2963 <dt class="col-md-4">bottom_radius </dt>
2964 <dd class="col-md-8">Set bottom edge to this radius (radial scaling)</dd>
2968 (as if using <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) while attempting to
2989 center to the center of the image, and the angles going from -180 (top)
2994 '-1' will use the distance from the center to the furthest
2999 … If the plus form of distort (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) is used
3014 <var>Rmax</var> setting of '-1' (maximum center to corner
3017 reverse the distortion re-producing the original.
3022 form of 'super-sampling' image processing technique be used to produce
3032 Dersch</a>, perform a barrel or pin-cushion distortion appropriate to
3036 <p class="text-center">Arguments: <var>A B C</var> [ <var>D</var> [
3042 <p class="text-center">Rsrc = r * ( <var>A</var>*r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>*r<sup>2</sup> +
3060 <p class="text-center">Rsrc = r / ( <var>A</var>*r<sup>3</sup> + <var>B</var>*r<sup>2</sup> +
3063 distortion, just a different barrel-like radial distortion method.
3086 … href="command-line-options.html#displace" >-displace</a>) for source image color look-up using
3087 … the <a href="command-line-options.html#sparse-color" >-sparse-color</a> method of the same name.
3094 <p>To print a complete list of distortion methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-li…
3103 <p class="text-center"><var>
3115 perspective distortion of the built-in "rose:" image. Note how spaces were
3119 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert rose: -virtual-pixel black \
3120 -distort Perspective '0,0,0,0 0,45,0,45 69,0,60,10 69,45,60,35' \
3137 resampling <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a>, using a special technique known…
3143 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert -size 90x90 pattern:checkerboard -normalize -virtual-pixel til…
3144 -distort perspective '0,0,5,45 89,0,45,46 0,89,0,89 89,89,89,89' \
3151 resampling, by specifying the special <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setti…
3152 '<code>point</code>' (recommended if you plan to use super-sampling instead).
3156 example, <a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> will use the current <a
3157 href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor" >-mattecolor</a> setting for these pixels. If you do not
3164 the plus form of the operator (<a href="command-line-options.html#distort" >+distort</a>) the opera…
3167 may need to be removed using <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>, to remove if …
3170 <p>Setting <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose" >-verbose</a> setting, will cause <a
3171 href="command-line-options.html#distort" >-distort</a> to attempt to output the internal coefficien…
3172 and the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> equivalent to the distortion, for expert st…
3175 <p>You can alternatively specify a special "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define"
3176 >-define</a> distort:viewport={geometry_string}</code>" setting which will
3180 <p>Setting a "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a>
3183 distorted image. This can be used either for 'super-sampling' the image for
3185 appropriate viewport changes, or post-distort cropping and resizing). </p>
3187 <p>Setting "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> resample:verbose=1</code>"
3194 <h3><a class="anchor" id="distribute-cache"></a>-distribute-cache <var>port</var></h3>
3197 <p class="magick-description">launch a distributed pixel cache server. </p>
3200 <h3><a class="anchor" id="dither"></a>-dither <var>method</var></h3>
3203 <p class="magick-description">Apply a Riemersma or Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion dither to
3214 setting, <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">+dither</a>. This will also also render PostScr…
3220 <p>The color reduction operators <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a>, <a
3221 href="command-line-options.html#monochrome">-monochrome</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#rem…
3222 href="command-line-options.html#posterize">-posterize</a>, apply dithering to images using the redu…
3228 <p>Alternatively you can use <a href="command-line-options.html#random-threshold">-random-threshold…
3230 href="command-line-options.html#ordered-dither">-ordered-dither</a> to apply threshold mapped dither
3232 …<a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> dither:diffusion-amount=35%</code>, for ex…
3236 <h3><a class="anchor" id="draw"></a>-draw <var>string</var></h3>
3239 <p class="magick-description">Annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.</p>
3248 <dt class="col-md-4">point</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x,y</dd>
3249 <dt class="col-md-4">line</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
3250 <dt class="col-md-4">rectangle</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
3251 <dt class="col-md-4">roundRectangle</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc</dd>
3252 <dt class="col-md-4">arc</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1</dd>
3253 <dt class="col-md-4">ellipse</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1</dd>
3254 <dt class="col-md-4">circle</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 x1,y1</dd>
3255 <dt class="col-md-4">polyline</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
3256 <dt class="col-md-4">polygon</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
3257 <dt class="col-md-4">bezier</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> x0,y0 ... xn,yn</dd>
3258 <dt class="col-md-4">path</dt><dd class="col-md-8">specification </dd>
3259 <dt class="col-md-4">image</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> operator x0,y0 w,h filename</dd>
3265 <dt class="col-md-4">text</dt><dd class="col-md-8">x0,y0 string</dd>
3270 <dt class="col-md-4">gravity</dt><dd class="col-md-8">NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center, Ea…
3275 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> command-line option, except that it is limite…
3276 scope to the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option in which it appears.</p>
3281 <dt class="col-md-4">rotate</dt><dd class="col-md-8">degrees</dd>
3282 <dt class="col-md-4">translate</dt><dd class="col-md-8">dx,dy</dd>
3283 <dt class="col-md-4">scale</dt><dd class="col-md-8">sx,sy</dd>
3284 <dt class="col-md-4">skewX</dt><dd class="col-md-8">degrees</dd>
3285 <dt class="col-md-4">skewY</dt><dd class="col-md-8">degrees</dd>
3291 <dt class="col-md-4">color</dt><dd class="col-md-8">x0,y0 method</dd>
3292 <dt class="col-md-4">matte</dt><dd class="col-md-8">x0,y0 method</dd>
3296 href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> setting. For unfilled shapes, use <a
3297 href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill none</a>. You can optionally control the stroke (the
3298 "outline" of a shape) with the <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> and <a
3299 href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a> settings.</p>
3304 primitive is not affected by <a href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> or <a
3305 href="command-line-options.html#strokewidth">-strokewidth</a>.)</p>
3327 center point, the horizontal and vertical "radii" (the <var>semi-axes</var> of
3335 href="command-line-options.html#stroke">-stroke</a> setting is <code>none</code> (the default), then
3344 <pre class="highlight"><code>-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
3358 <code>path</code> primitive or to draw multiple four-point bezier segments with
3361 <pre class="highlight"><code>-draw 'bezier 20,50 45,100 45,0 70,50'
3362 -draw 'bezier 70,50 95,100 95,0 120,50'
3378 <pre class="highlight"><code>-draw 'image SrcOver 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
3387 arguments cannot be used at present with the <code>-draw image</code> option.
3397 <pre class="highlight"><code>-draw "text 100,100 'Works like magick!' "
3400 <p>See the <a href="command-line-options.html#annotate">-annotate</a> option for another convenient…
3415 from the initial affine matrix defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a>
3416 option. Transformations are cumulative within the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a>
3418 by the appearance of another <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</a> option. If anot…
3419 <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option appears, the current affine matrix is
3423 fill color (see <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>). Follow the pixel coordinate wi…
3449 href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a>). Finally <code>reset</code> changes …
3453 …f="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, …
3455 these options <var>before</var> the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option.</p>
3460 <p>Drawing primitives conform to the <a href="magick-vector-graphics.html" >Magick
3465 <h3><a class="anchor" id="duplicate"></a>-duplicate <var>count,indexes</var></h3>
3468 <p class="magick-description">duplicate an image one or more times.</p>
3472 sequence, for example, -1 represents the last image of the sequence. Specify
3473 a range of images with a dash (e.g. 0-4). Separate indexes with a comma (e.g.
3478 <h3><a class="anchor" id="edge"></a>-edge <var>radius</var></h3>
3481 <p class="magick-description">detect edges within an image.</p>
3484 <h3><a class="anchor" id="emboss"></a>-emboss <var>radius</var></h3>
3487 <p class="magick-description">emboss an image.</p>
3490 <h3><a class="anchor" id="encipher"></a>-encipher <var>filename</var></h3>
3493 <p class="magick-description">Encipher pixels for later deciphering by <a href="command-line-option…
3504 <h3><a class="anchor" id="encoding"></a>-encoding <var>type</var></h3>
3507 <p class="magick-description">specify the text encoding.</p>
3520 <h3><a class="anchor" id="endian"></a>-endian <var>type</var></h3>
3523 <p class="magick-description">Specify endianness (<code>MSB</code> or <code>LSB</code>) of the imag…
3525 <p>To print a complete list of endian types, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list…
3527 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#endian">+endian</a> to revert to unspecified endianness.<…
3531 <h3><a class="anchor" id="enhance"></a>-enhance</h3>
3534 <p class="magick-description">Apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image.</p>
3538 <h3><a class="anchor" id="equalize"></a>-equalize</h3>
3541 <p class="magick-description">perform histogram equalization on the image channel-by-channel.</p>
3545 equalize the appropriate intensity-like channel, then convert back to RGB.</p>
3547 <p>For example using HSL, we have: ... <code>-colorspace HSL -channel lightness
3548 -equalize -colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
3552 channel. Here we have ... <code>-colorspace OHTA -channel red -equalize
3553 -colorspace RGB</code> ...</p>
3556 <h3><a class="anchor" id="evaluate"></a>-evaluate <var>operator value</var></h3>
3559 <p class="magick-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logi…
3561 <p>(See the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator for some
3562 multi-parameter functions. See the <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a> operator if more
3569 (installation-dependent) value <var>QuantumRange</var>. (If
3573 <table class="table table-sm table-striped">
3590 <tr><td>Exp </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
3591 <tr><td>Exponential </td> <td>base-e exponential function</td></tr>
3611 <tr><td>Gaussian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
3612 <tr><td>Impulse-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
3613 <tr><td>Laplacian-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
3614 …<tr><td>Multiplicative-noise</td> <td>(These are equivalent to the corresponding <a href="com…
3616 <tr><td>Uniform-noise</td><td> </td></tr>
3627 href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> in the image. If necessary, the results of t…
3631 semi-transparent. Append the percent symbol '<code>%</code>' to specify a value
3634 <p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operators…
3635 <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
3639 href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> or the <a href="command-line-options.html#level"…
3641 Please note, however, that <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> treats transparenc…
3642 'matte' values (0 = opaque), while <a href="command-line-options.html#level" >-evaluate</a> works w…
3645 <p><code>AddModulus</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.8-4 and provides
3650 <p><code>Exp or Exponential</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.6.5-1 and
3653 function. Non-negative values will always produce results larger unity and
3657 <p class="text-center">
3661 <p> If the input image is squared, for example, using <a href="command-line-options.html#-function"
3662 >-function polynomial "2 0 0"</a>, then a decaying Gaussian function will be
3665 <p><code>Log</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.2-1 and works on
3670 <p class="text-center">
3674 <p><code>Pow</code> has been added as of ImageMagick 6.4.1-9, and works on
3676 href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> operator. For example, <b>-gamma 2</b> is equiva…
3677 to <b>-evaluate pow 0.5</b>, i.e., a 'square root' function. The value used
3678 with <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma" >-gamma</a> is simply the reciprocal of the value us…
3681 <p><code>Cosine</code> and <code>Sine</code> was added as of IM v6.4.8-8 and
3690 <p class="text-center">
3694 <p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#function" >-function</a> operator, which is a
3695 multi-value version of evaluate. </p>
3698 <h3><a class="anchor" id="evaluate-sequence"></a>-evaluate-sequence <var>operator</var></h3>
3701 …-description">Alter channel pixels by evaluating an arithmetic, relational, or logical expression …
3704 href="command-line-options.html#evaluate-sequence">-evaluate-sequence</a> operators, use <a
3705 href="command-line-options.html#list">-list evaluate</a>.</p>
3708 <h3><a class="anchor" id="extent"></a>-extent <var>geometry</var></h3>
3711 <p class="magick-description">Set the image size and offset.</p>
3715 specification or precede with a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting. …
3716 specify how to compose the image with the background, use <a href="command-line-options.html#compos…
3717 >-compose</a>.</p>
3723 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert input.jpg -resize 800x600 -background black -compose Copy \
3724 -gravity center -extent 800x600 -quality 92 output.jpg
3727 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
3730 <h3><a class="anchor" id="extract"></a>-extract <var>geometry</var></h3>
3733 <p class="magick-description">Extract the specified area from image.</p>
3738 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480+1280+960 \
3740 convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 'image.rgb[640x480+1280+960]' \
3746 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -extract 640x480 \
3753 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert -size 16000x16000 -depth 8 -resize 640x480 image.rgb image.png
3756 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
3759 <h3><a class="anchor" id="family"></a>-family <var>fontFamily</var></h3>
3762 <p class="magick-description">Set a font family for text.</p>
3770 href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stret…
3771 href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-…
3774 <h3><a class="anchor" id="features"></a>-features <var>distance</var></h3>
3777 <p class="magick-description">display (co-occurrence matrix) texture measure features for each chan…
3789 <h3><a class="anchor" id="fft"></a>-fft</h3>
3792 <p class="magick-description">implements the forward discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
3794 <p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
3795 users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms an image from the normal
3807 output result will have two components. It is either a two-frame image or two
3809 multi-frame images. The reason that we get a dual output result is because the
3812 into a two-component image representation. The first component is the
3820 formats, except PNG support multi-frame images. So for example,</p>
3822 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png -fft fft_image.miff
3828 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png -fft fft_image.png
3831 <p>generates a magnitude image as <code>fft_image-0.png</code> and a phase image
3832 as <code>fft_image-1.png</code>. If you prefer this representation, then you can
3834 href="command-line-options.html#adjoin">+adjoin</a> following -fft in the command line.</p>
3836 <p>The input image can be any size, but if not square and even-dimensioned, it
3841 href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting.</p>
3844 [0, <var>QuantumRange</var>], so that HDRI need not be enabled.
3846 dynamic range. (The first few releases had non-HDRI scaled but HDRI not
3854 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert fft_image.miff[0] -contrast-stretch 0 \
3855 -evaluate log 1000 fft_image_spectrum.png"
3858 <p>where either <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch">-contrast-stretch</a> 0 or <a
3859 href="command-line-options.html#auto-level">-auto-level</a> is used to scale the image to full dyna…
3860 range, first. The argument to the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> log
3866 use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>.</p>
3868 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> to produce two output images that are the r…
3872 this requires that IM be configured with HDRI enabled. In this case, you must
3876 MIFF or TIF, one should add <code>-define quantum:format=32</code>, to allow those image
3877 types to work properly in HDRI mode without clipping.</p>
3880 href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a> are also square, even dimensioned images due to the s…
3884 <p>See the discussion on HDRI implementations of ImageMagick on the page <a
3885 href="high-dynamic-range.html" >High Dynamic-Range Images</a>. For more
3886 about HDRI go the ImageMagick <a
3887 href="../Usage/basics/#hdri" >Usage</a> pages, <a
3893 …s normalized (and the IFT is not). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define<…
3897 <h3><a class="anchor" id="fill"></a>-fill <var>color</var></h3>
3900 <p class="magick-description">color to use when filling a graphic primitive.</p>
3911 <pre class="highlight"><code>-fill blue
3912 -fill "#ddddff"
3913 -fill "rgb(255,255,255)"
3916 <p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
3918 <p>To print a complete list of color names, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list …
3921 <h3><a class="anchor" id="filter"></a>-filter <var>type</var></h3>
3924 <p class="magick-description">Use this <var>type</var> of filter when resizing or distorting an ima…
3927 operations such as <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> and <a href="command-line…
3928 >-distort</a>. For example you can use a simple resize filter such as:</p>
3936 <p>Use <code>-define filter:lobes={2,3,4}</code> to specify the support size for filtering for the …
3945 function that the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter" >-filter</a> setting defines. That is
3954 <p>Also one special self-windowing filter is also provided
3955 <code>Lagrange</code>, which will automagically re-adjust its function depending
3963 <p>To print a complete list of resize filters, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-li…
3967 use of these expert settings (see also <a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> and …
3968 href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a>):-</p>
3970 <table class="table table-sm table-striped">
3972 <td>-define filter:blur=<var>factor</var></td>
3975 Gaussian-like filters simple filters, or you may not get the expected
3980 <td>-define filter:support=<var>radius</var></td>
3991 <td>-define filter:lobes=<var>count</var></td>
3999 <td>-define filter:sigma=<var>value</var></td>
4009 <td>-define filter:b=<var>b-spline_factor</var></td>
4013 <td>-define filter:c=<var>keys_alpha_factor</var></td>
4017 are defined, the other is set so as to generate a 'Cubic-Keys' filter.
4019 Mitchell-Netravali.</td>
4023 <td>-define filter:kaiser-beta=<var>value</var></td>
4027 Before ImageMagick v6.7.6-10, this option was known as "filter:alpha", (an
4034 <td>-define filter:kaiser-alpha=<var>value</var></td>
4035 <td>This value when multiplied by 'PI' is equivalent to "kaiser-beta", and
4041 <td>-define filter:filter=<var>filter_function</var></td>
4051 <td>-define filter:window=<var>filter_function</var></td>
4062 <td>-define filter:win-support=<var>radius</var></td>
4064 (or self-windowing Lagrange filter) to act is if the support window is
4071 <td>-define filter:verbose=<var>1</var></td>
4086 -filter sinc \
4087 -set filter:window=jinc \
4088 -set filter:lobes=8 \
4089 -resize 150% image.jpg"
4092 <p>Or a raw un-windowed Sinc filter with 4 lobes:</p>
4095 -set filter:filter=sinc \
4096 -set filter:lobes=4 \
4097 -resize 150% image.jpg"
4104 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert null: -define filter:filter=Box \
4105 -define filter:window=Welch \
4106 -define filter:support=1.0 \
4107 -define filter:verbose=1 \
4108 -resize 2 null: > window_welch.dat
4122 <h3><a class="anchor" id="flatten"></a>-flatten</h3>
4125 <p class="magick-description">This is a simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#lay…
4129 <h3><a class="anchor" id="flip"></a>-flip</h3>
4132 <p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var></p>
4135 upside-down. </p>
4139 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="floodfill"></a>-floodfill {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var…
4142 <p class="magick-description">floodfill the image with color at the specified offset.</p>
4145 Any color that matches within <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> color distance of…
4147 will be replaced with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> color. </p>
4150 <var>color</var> (according to <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a>), then no
4153 <p>This operator works more like the <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> option…
4155 point'. For this form of flood fill, look at <a href="command-line-options.html#draw" >-draw</a> a…
4160 <h3><a class="anchor" id="flop"></a>-flop</h3>
4163 <p class="magick-description">create a <var>mirror image</var>.</p>
4170 <h3><a class="anchor" id="font"></a>-font <var>name</var></h3>
4173 <p class="magick-description">set the font to use when annotating images with text, or creating lab…
4175 <p>To print a complete list of fonts, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list font</…
4178 <p>In addition to the fonts specified by the above pre-defined list, you can
4184 href="command-line-options.html#family">-family</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-s…
4185 href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-…
4189 <h3><a class="anchor" id="foreground"></a>-foreground <var>color</var></h3>
4192 <p class="magick-description">Define the foreground color for menus.", "display</p>
4195 href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
4200 <h3><a class="anchor" id="format"></a>-format <var>type</var></h3>
4203 <p class="magick-description">the image format type.</p>
4208 href="command-line-options.html#list">-list format</a>.</p>
4212 the image format type specified with <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a>. For
4218 <h3><a class="anchor" id="format_identify_"></a>-format <var>string</var></h3>
4221 <p class="magick-description">output formatted image characteristics.</p>
4228 <h3><a class="anchor" id="frame"></a>-frame <var>geometry</var></h3>
4231 <p class="magick-description">Surround the image with a border or beveled frame.</p>
4233 <p>The color of the border is specified with the <a href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor"
4234 >-mattecolor</a> command line option. </p>
4236 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
4245 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option is affected by the current <a
4246 href="command-line-options.html#compose">-compose</a> setting and assumes that this is using the de…
4248 size with the current <a href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting, and…
4250 href="command-line-options.html#mattecolor">-mattecolor</a>. The original image is then overlaid o…
4253 href="command-line-options.html#bordercolor">-bordercolor</a> setting.</p>
4256 affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
4260 <h3><a class="anchor" id="frame_import_"></a>-frame</h3>
4263 <p class="magick-description">include the X window frame in the imported image. </p>
4265 <h3><a class="anchor" id="function"></a>-function <var>function</var> <var>parameters</var></h3>
4268 <p class="magick-description">Apply a function to channel values.</p>
4272 href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> in the image. See <a
4273 href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> for details concerning how the results of t…
4276 <p>This is can be considered a multi-argument version of the <a
4277 href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. (Added in
4280 <p>Here, <var>parameters</var> is a comma-separated list of
4289 <p>To print a complete list of <a href="command-line-options.html#function">-function</a> operators,
4290 use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list function</a>. Descriptions follow.</p>
4293 <dt class="col-md-4">Polynomial</dt>
4294 …<dd class="col-md-8"><p>The <code>Polynomial</code> function takes an arbitrary number of paramete…
4298 <pre class="highlight"><code>-function Polynomial <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var></sub>,<var>a</var><…
4303 …up><var>n</var></sup> + <var>a</var><sub><var>n</var>-1</sub> <b><var>u</var></b><sup><var>n</var>…
4311 polynomials) of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator. The <a
4312 href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a> operator also affects channels linearly. Some
4315 <table class="table table-sm table-striped">
4317 <td>-evaluate Set <var>value</var> </td>
4318 <td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var></td>
4322 <td>-evaluate Add <var>value</var> </td>
4323 <td>-function Polynomial 1,<var>value</var></td>
4326 <td>-evaluate Subtract <var>value</var> </td>
4327 <td>-function Polynomial 1,−<var>value</var></td>
4330 <td>-evaluate Multiply <var>value</var> </td>
4331 <td>-function Polynomial <var>value</var>,0</td>
4335 <td>-function Polynomial A,B</td>
4336 <td>(Reduce contrast. Here, A=(white-black)/100 and B=black/100.)</td>
4345 <dt class="col-md-4">Sinusoid</dt>
4346 <dd class="col-md-8">
4351 <pre class="highlight"><code>-function <code>Sinusoid</code> <var>freq</var>,[<var>phase</var>,[<va…
4366 <pre class="highlight"><code>-function Sinusoid 3,-90,.2,.7
4373 <code>Cos</code> of the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> operator by allo…
4376 <table class="table table-sm table-striped">
4378 <td>-evaluate Sin <var>freq</var> </td>
4379 <td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,0 </td>
4382 <td>-evaluate Cos <var>freq</var> </td>
4383 <td>-function Sinusoid <var>freq</var>,90 </td>
4387 <dt class="col-md-4">ArcSin</dt>
4388 <dd class="col-md-8">
4394 <pre class="highlight"><code>-function <code>ArcSin</code> <var>width</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<va…
4401 …<code><var>range</var>/π * asin( 2/<var>width</var> * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) …
4405 <dt class="col-md-4">ArcTan</dt>
4406 <dd class="col-md-8">
4411 <pre class="highlight"><code>-function <code>ArcTan</code> <var>slope</var>,[<var>center</var>,[<va…
4417 …<code><var>range</var>/π * atan( <var>slope</var>*π * ( <b><var>u</var></b> - <var>center</var> ) …
4425 <h3><a class="anchor" id="fuzz"></a>-fuzz <var>distance</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
4428 <p class="magick-description">Colors within this <var>distance</var> are considered equal.</p>
4433 image with <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> but the image was scanned and the tar…
4441 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >+fuzz</a> to reset the fuzz value to 0.</p>
4445 <h3><a class="anchor" id="fx"></a>-fx <var>expression</var></h3>
4448 <p class="magick-description">apply a mathematical expression to an image or image channels.</p>
4460 <h3><a class="anchor" id="gamma"></a>-gamma <var>value</var></h3>
4463 <p class="magick-description">level of gamma correction.</p>
4473 <p>Gamma adjusts the image's channel values pixel-by-pixel according to
4478 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gamma">+gamma <var>value</var></a> to set the
4490 …t gamma adjustments are also available via the <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a…
4493 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="gaussian-blur"></a>-gaussian-blur <var>radius</var><br />-gaussian-blur …
4496 <p class="magick-description">Blur the image with a Gaussian operator.</p>
4501 <p class="text-center"><img class="img-thumbnail" alt="gaussian distribution" width="243px" height=…
4518 <p>This differs from the faster <a href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a> operator in that…
4519 full 2-dimensional convolution is used to generate the weighted average of the
4522 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine …
4528 <h3><a class="anchor" id="geometry"></a>-geometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
4531 <p class="magick-description">Set the preferred size and location of the image.</p>
4533 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
4536 <h3><a class="anchor" id="gravity"></a>-gravity <var>type</var></h3>
4539 <p class="magick-description">Sets the current gravity suggestion for various other settings and op…
4544 href="command-line-options.html#list">-list gravity</a> to get a complete list of <a
4545 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> settings available in your ImageMagick
4551 href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
4552 text primitive of <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> is affected by the <a
4553 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option.</p>
4555 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is also used in concert with…
4556 <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> setting and other settings or options th…
4558 href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> option. </p>
4560 <p>If a <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting occurs before another opti…
4563 by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> argument. Thus, in the following
4565 200x100. The offset specified by the argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#region">-region…
4566 is (−40,+20). The argument to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is
4570 that point. (In addition, the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> affects the
4572 coordinate (60,70). (See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for com…
4574 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png -gravity Center -region 10x10-40+20 \
4575 -negate output.png
4579 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that the image gravitates
4583 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> gives the direction that an image gravitates
4586 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">+gravity</a> to return gravity to its default va…
4590 <h3><a class="anchor" id="grayscale"></a>-grayscale <var>method</var></h3>
4593 <p class="magick-description">convert image to grayscale.</p>
4595 <p>This will use one of the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> methods to
4600 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luminance out.png
4606 <code>convert in.png -colorspace RGB -colorspace Gray out.png</code>
4608 <code>convert in.png -colorspace LinearGray out.png</code>
4611 <p>Note that LinearGray is new as of Imagemagick 6.9.9-29 and 7.0.7-17.</p>
4613 <p>Similarly, to convert an image to (non-linear) Rec709Luma grayscale, type:</p>
4615 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -grayscale Rec709Luma out.png
4620 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -colorspace Gray out.png
4628 <p>While this operation uses an <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> metho…
4629 it does not use or set the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting, so
4634 <h3><a class="anchor" id="green-primary"></a>-green-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
4637 <p class="magick-description">green chromaticity primary point.</p>
4641 <h3><a class="anchor" id="hald-clut"></a>-hald-clut</h3>
4644 <p class="magick-description">apply a Hald color lookup table to the image.</p>
4646 <p>A Hald color lookup table is a 3-dimensional color cube mapped to 2
4651 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png hald.png -hald-clut transform.png
4661 href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a> setting affected, nor can it adjust or modif…
4664 <p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#clut" >-clut</a> which provides color value replacem…
4671 <h3><a class="anchor" id="help"></a>-help</h3>
4674 <p class="magick-description">print usage instructions.</p>
4677 <h3><a class="anchor" id="highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
4680 <p class="magick-description">when comparing images, emphasize pixel differences with this color.</…
4683 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="hough-lines"></a>-hough-lines <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+t…
4686 <p class="magick-description">identify straight lines in the image (e.g. -hough-lines 9x9+195).</p>
4694 <p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a></code> to specify the …
4696 <p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a></code> to specify the color of the…
4698 … <code><a href="command-line-options.html#stroke" >-stroke</a></code> and <code><a href="command-l…
4702 <p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> hough-lines:accumulator=true</…
4705 <h3><a class="anchor" id="iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <var>geometry</var></h3>
4708 <p class="magick-description">specify the icon geometry.</p>
4711 manner as the <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> option, using X11 style to
4714 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
4717 <h3><a class="anchor" id="iconic"></a>-iconic</h3>
4720 <p class="magick-description">start in icon mode in X Windows", 'animate', 'display</p>
4723 <h3><a class="anchor" id="identify"></a>-identify</h3>
4726 <p class="magick-description">identify the format and characteristics of the image.</p>
4733 <p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> is also specified, the total unique co…
4738 <p>If <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> precedes this option, copious
4743 <h3><a class="anchor" id="ift"></a>-ift</h3>
4746 <p class="magick-description">implements the inverse discrete Fourier transform (DFT).</p>
4748 <p>This option is new as of ImageMagick 6.5.4-3 (and now working for Windows
4749 users in ImageMagick 6.6.0-9). It transforms a pair of magnitude and phase
4757 the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a>, one would use either</p>
4759 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert fft_image.miff -ift fft_image_ift.png
4764 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert fft_image-0.png fft_image-1.png -ift fft_image_ift.png
4768 the original image, prior to the <a href="command-line-options.html#fft">-fft</a> or <a
4769 href="command-line-options.html#fft">+fft</a>, was not square or even dimensioned. Any padding is at
4773 use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">-ift</a>.</p>
4775 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#ift">+ift</a> (with HDRI enabled) to transform a pair of …
4779 …s not normalized (and the FFT is). Use "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define<…
4782 <h3><a class="anchor" id="immutable"></a>-immutable</h3>
4785 <p class="magick-description">make image immutable.</p>
4788 <h3><a class="anchor" id="implode"></a>-implode <var>factor</var></h3>
4791 <p class="magick-description">implode image pixels about the center.</p>
4794 <h3><a class="anchor" id="insert"></a>-insert <var>index</var></h3>
4797 <p class="magick-description">insert the last image into the image sequence.</p>
4802 <code>-insert -1</code> will result in no change to the image sequence.</p>
4804 <p>The <code>+insert</code> option is equivalent to <code>-insert -1</code>. In
4809 <h3><a class="anchor" id="intensity"></a>-intensity <var>method</var></h3>
4812 <p class="magick-description">method to generate intensity value from pixel.</p>
4817 …ula is used, which is the same formula used when converting images to <code>-colorspace gray</code…
4820 the pixel values to linear-RGB or non-linear sRGB colorspace before
4824 <dt class="col-md-4">Rec601Luma</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> 0.298839R' + 0.586811G'+ 0.114350B'<…
4825 <dt class="col-md-4">Rec601Luminance</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> 0.298839R + 0.586811G + 0.114350B</d…
4826 <dt class="col-md-4">Rec709Luma</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> 0.212656R' + 0.715158G' + 0.072186B'…
4827 <dt class="col-md-4">Rec709Luminance</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> 0.212656R + 0.715158G + 0.072186B</d…
4828 <dt class="col-md-4">Brightness</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> max(R', G', B')</dd>
4829 <dt class="col-md-4">Lightness</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> (min(R', G', B') + max(R', G', B')) …
4832 <p>Note that the above R,G,B values is the image's linear-RGB values, while
4833 R',G',B' are sRGB non-linear values. </p>
4840 <dt class="col-md-4">Average</dt><dd class="col-md-8">(R' + G' + B') / 3.0</dd>
4841 <dt class="col-md-4">MS</dt><dd class="col-md-8">(R'^2 + G'^2 + B'^2) / 3.0</dd>
4842 <dt class="col-md-4">RMS</dt><dd class="col-md-8">sqrt( (R'^2 + G'^2 + B'^2) / 3.0 )</dd>
4846 grayscale difference image between two color images (using <a href="command-line-options.html#compo…
4847 >-compose</a> '<code>Difference</code>' composition. </p>
4853 href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor color compare setting. </p>
4855 <p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#grayscale" >-grayscale</a> which applies one of the …
4857 href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting.</p>
4859 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-colorspace gray</a> image conversion also u…
4861 appropriate sRGB or linear-RGB colorspace before appling the above
4864 … possible pixel intensity setting methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list inte…
4866 <p>Operators affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#intensity" >-intensity</a> setting …
4868 <pre class="highlight"><code>-adaptive-blur
4869 -adaptive-sharpen
4870 -black-threshold
4871 -clut (when mapping greyscale CLUT image to alpha channel if set by -channels)
4872 -colors for gray colorspace
4873 -compose {LightenIntensity, DarkenIntensity, CopyOpacity, CopyBlack}
4874 -contrast-stretch
4875 -distort {ErodeIntensity, DilateIntensity}
4876 -normalize
4877 -random-threshold
4878 -range-threshold
4879 -selective-blur
4880 -shade
4881 -threshold
4882 -tint
4883 -white-threshold
4887 <h3><a class="anchor" id="intent"></a>-intent <var>type</var></h3>
4890 <p class="magick-description">use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color.</p>
4893 <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a>). Choose from these intents: <code>Absolu…
4898 <p>To print a complete list of rendering intents, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-lis…
4901 <h3><a class="anchor" id="interlace"></a>-interlace <var>type</var></h3>
4904 <p class="magick-description">the type of interlacing scheme.</p>
4932 <p>To print a complete list of interlacing schemes, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-l…
4936 <h3><a class="anchor" id="interpolate"></a>-interpolate <var>type</var></h3>
4939 <p class="magick-description">Set the pixel color interpolation method to use when looking up a col…
4941 <p>When looking up the color of a pixel using a non-integer floating point
4948 <dt class="col-md-4">average</dt>
4949 <dd class="col-md-8">The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
4950 <dt class="col-md-4">average4</dt>
4951 <dd class="col-md-8">The average color of the surrounding four pixels</dd>
4952 <dt class="col-md-4">average9</dt>
4953 <dd class="col-md-8">The average color of the surrounding nine pixels</dd>
4954 <dt class="col-md-4">average16</dt>
4955 <dd class="col-md-8">The average color of the surrounding sixteen pixels</dd>
4956 <dt class="col-md-4">background</dt>
4957 <dd class="col-md-8"> </dd>
4958 <dt class="col-md-4">bilinear</dt>
4959 <dd class="col-md-8">A double linear interpolation of pixels (the default)</dd>
4960 <dt class="col-md-4">blend</dt>
4961 <dd class="col-md-8"> </dd>
4962 <dt class="col-md-4">catrom</dt>
4963 <dd class="col-md-8">Fitted bicubic-spines of surrounding 16 pixels</dd>
4964 <dt class="col-md-4">integer</dt>
4965 <dd class="col-md-8">The color of the top-left pixel (floor function)</dd>
4966 <dt class="col-md-4">mesh</dt>
4967 <dd class="col-md-8">Divide area into two flat triangular interpolations</dd>
4968 <dt class="col-md-4">nearest-neighbor</dt>
4969 <dd class="col-md-8">The nearest pixel to the lookup point (rounded function)</dd>
4970 <dt class="col-md-4">spline</dt>
4971 <dd class="col-md-8">Direct spline curves (colors are blurred)</dd>
4974 <p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
4975 >-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, <a href="command-line-opt…
4976 >-transform</a> and <a href="command-line-options.html#fx" >-fx</a>. </p>
4978 … a complete list of interpolation methods, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list inte…
4980 <p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel" >-virtual-pixel</a>, for control of t…
4985 <h3><a class="anchor" id="interline-spacing"></a>-interline-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
4988 <p class="magick-description">the space between two text lines.</p>
4991 <h3><a class="anchor" id="interword-spacing"></a>-interword-spacing <var>value</var></h3>
4994 <p class="magick-description">the space between two words.</p>
4997 <h3><a class="anchor" id="kerning"></a>-kerning <var>value</var></h3>
5000 <p class="magick-description">the space between two letters.</p>
5003 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="kuwahara"></a>-kuwahara <var>radius</var><br />-kuwahara <var>radius</va…
5006 <p class="magick-description">edge preserving noise reduction filter.</p>
5008 …atically from the <var >radius</var> as <var >sigma</var>=<var >radius</var>-0.5. The <var >sigma<…
5012 <h3><a class="anchor" id="label"></a>-label <var>name</var></h3>
5015 <p class="magick-description">assign a label to an image.</p>
5018 or created. You can use the <a href="command-line-options.html#set" >-set</a> operation to re-assi…
5032 <pre class="highlight"><code>-label "%m:%f %wx%h" bird.miff
5037 is read in. If a <a href="command-line-options.html#label">+label</a> option was used instead, any
5043 visible on the image itself, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> option, or
5052 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="lat"></a>-lat <var>width</var><br />-lat <var>width</var>x<var>height</v…
5055 <p class="magick-description">perform local adaptive threshold.</p>
5070 <h3><a class="anchor" id="layers"></a>-layers <var>method</var></h3>
5073 <p class="magick-description">handle multiple images forming a set of image layers or animation fra…
5077 animation, or a fully-'coalesced' animation sequence. </p>
5079 <table class="table table-sm table-striped">
5087 <td>compare-any</td>
5090 href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> methods are taken into account. </td>
5093 <tr><td></td><td>This exactly the same as the <a href="command-line-options.html#deconstruct"
5094 >-deconstruct</a> operator, and does not preserve animations normal
5100 <td>compare-clear</td>
5101 <td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to the bounds of any
5107 <td>compare-overlay</td>
5108 <td>As '<code>compare-any</code>' but crop to pixels that add
5113 …<tr><td></td><td>This can be used with the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</…
5114 composition method '<code>change-mask</code>', to reduce the image to
5120 <td>Equivalent to a call to the <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce"
5121 >-coalesce</a> operator. Apply the layer disposal methods set in the
5124 'film strip'-like animation. </td>
5138 <td>The <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry" >-geometry</a> offset is adjusted according
5139 to <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity" >-gravity</a> in accordance of the virtual
5141 … href="command-line-options.html#composite" >-composite</a> operation, the canvas offset is also
5147 list it is. In this case it is the image meta-data of the list which
5156 the next sub-frame image is overlaid. That is the 'dispose' image that
5157 results from the application of the GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose"
5158 >-dispose</a> method. This allows you to check what
5166 … canvas using the current <a href="command-line-options.html#background" >-background</a> color,
5167 and <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> each image in turn onto that
5196 Following this operation method with <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a>
5203 <tr><td></td><td>See also 'trim-bounds' below which is closely related but
5213 become clipped by the top and left edges. See 'merge' or 'trim-bounds'
5229 apply both the '<code>optimize-frame</code>', and
5230 '<code>optimize-transparency</code>' methods but may be expanded to
5235 <td>optimize-frame</td>
5249 <td>optimize-plus</td>
5250 <td>As '<code>optimize-frame</code>' but attempt to improve the
5257 '<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. </td>
5263 better than the normal '<code>optimize-frame</code>' technique. For some
5269 <td>optimize-transparency</td>
5270 <td>Given a GIF animation, replace any pixel in the sub-frame
5272 … animation by more than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor.
5283 <td>remove-dups</td>
5291 smaller sub-animations. The duplicate frames could also have been
5296 <td>remove-zero</td>
5309 <td>trim-bounds</td>
5322 <a href="command-line-options.html#repage" >+repage</a> option, except that all the images
5324 'trim-bounds' you will get the same result. </td>
5330 <p>To print a complete list of layer types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list laye…
5332 <p>The operators <a href="command-line-options.html#coalesce" >-coalesce</a>, <a href="command-line…
5333 >-deconstruct</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#flatten" >-flatten</a>, and <a href="command-…
5334 >-mosaic</a> are only aliases for the above methods and may be depreciated in
5335 the future. Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-…
5336 >-repage</a> operators, the <a href="command-line-options.html#compose" >-compose</a> setting, and …
5337 GIF <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-dispose</a> and <a href="command-line-options.ht…
5342 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="level"></a>-level <var>black_point</var>{,<var>white_point</var>}{<var>%…
5345 <p class="magick-description">adjust the level of image channels.</p>
5347 <p>Given one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point,
5348 white-point, gamma (for example: 10,250,1.0 or 2%,98%,0.5). The black and
5350 100%; if the white point is omitted it is set to (<var>QuantumRange</var> - black_point), so as to …
5353 href="command-line-options.html#gamma">-gamma</a> adjustment of the values. If it is omitted, the
5356 <p>In normal usage (<code>-level</code>) the image values are stretched so that
5362 <p>From ImageMagick v6.4.1-9 using the plus form of the operator
5367 de-contrast, or compress the channel values within the image. The
5368 '<code>gamma</code>' is adjusted before the level adjustment to de-contrast the
5371 <p>Only the channels defined by the current <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a>
5380 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="level-colors"></a>-level-colors {<var>black_color</var>}{,}{<var>white_c…
5383 <p class="magick-description">adjust the level of an image using the provided dash separated colors…
5385 <p>This function is exactly like <a href="command-line-options.html#level">-level</a>, except that …
5388 described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option). </p>
5390 <p>This effectively means the colors provided to <code>-level-colors</code>
5395 <p>On the other hand the plus form of the operator (<code>+level-colors</code>)
5397 respectively, resulting in a gradient (de-contrasting) tint of the image to
5405 threshold the images around that color (- form) or set all colors to that
5410 <h3><a class="anchor" id="limit"></a>-limit <var>type value</var></h3>
5413 <p class="magick-description">Set the pixel cache resource limit.</p>
5428 <pre class="highlight"><code>-limit memory 32MiB -limit map 64MiB
5431 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list resource</a> to list the current limits. For …
5433 <pre class="highlight"><code>-> identify -list resource
5448 of three resource categories: in-memory pool, memory-mapped files pool, and
5449 disk pool (in that order) depending on the <a href="command-line-options.html#limit">‑limit<…
5460 is memory-mapped. However, if the allocation request exceeds the
5478 <pre class="highlight"><code>-limit area 10MB
5488 <pre class="highlight"><code>-limit area 10MB -limit disk 500MB
5493 <p>In addition to command-line resource limit option, resources can be set
5502 <p> Inquisitive users can try adding <a href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug cache</a> to
5514 …ss="anchor" id="linear-stretch"></a>-linear-stretch <var>black-point</var><br />-linear-stretch <v…
5517 <p class="magick-description">Linear with saturation stretch.</p>
5519 <p>This is very similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch<…
5522 href="command-line-options.html#level" >-level</a> operator.</p>
5528 <p>note however that a <a href="command-line-options.html#linear-stretch" >-linear-stretch</a> of
5532 <p>See also <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect'
5535 <p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
5539 <h3><a class="anchor" id="linewidth"></a>-linewidth</h3>
5542 <p class="magick-description">the line width for subsequent draw operations.</p>
5545 <h3><a class="anchor" id="liquid-rescale"></a>-liquid-rescale <var>geometry</var></h3>
5548 <p class="magick-description">rescale image with seam-carving.</p>
5550 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
5553 <h3><a class="anchor" id="list"></a>-list <var>type</var></h3>
5556 <p class="magick-description">Print a list of supported arguments for various options or settings. …
5558 <pre class="pre-scrollable"><code>
5631 <p>These lists vary depending on your version of ImageMagick. Use "<code>-list
5632 list</code>" to get a complete listing of all the "<code>-list</code>" arguments
5635 <pre class="highlight"><code>identify -list list
5639 <h3><a class="anchor" id="log"></a>-log <var>string</var></h3>
5642 <p class="magick-description">Specify format for debug log.</p>
5645 href="command-line-options.html#debug">-debug</a> option is active.</p>
5651 <dt class="col-md-4">%d</dt><dd class="col-md-8">domain</dd>
5652 <dt class="col-md-4">%e</dt><dd class="col-md-8">event</dd>
5653 <dt class="col-md-4">%f</dt><dd class="col-md-8">function</dd>
5654 <dt class="col-md-4">%l</dt><dd class="col-md-8">line</dd>
5655 <dt class="col-md-4">%m</dt><dd class="col-md-8">module</dd>
5656 <dt class="col-md-4">%p</dt><dd class="col-md-8">process ID</dd>
5657 <dt class="col-md-4">%r</dt><dd class="col-md-8">real CPU time</dd>
5658 <dt class="col-md-4">%t</dt><dd class="col-md-8">wall clock time</dd>
5659 <dt class="col-md-4">%u</dt><dd class="col-md-8">user CPU time</dd>
5660 <dt class="col-md-4">%%</dt><dd class="col-md-8">percent sign</dd>
5661 <dt class="col-md-4">\n</dt><dd class="col-md-8">newline</dd>
5662 <dt class="col-md-4">\r</dt><dd class="col-md-8">carriage return</dd>
5667 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
5673 <h3><a class="anchor" id="loop"></a>-loop <var>iterations</var></h3>
5676 <p class="magick-description">add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation.</p>
5683 <h3><a class="anchor" id="lowlight-color"></a>-lowlight-color <var>color</var></h3>
5686 <p class="magick-description">when comparing images, de-emphasize pixel differences with this color…
5689 <h3><a class="anchor" id="magnify"></a>-magnify</h3>
5692 <p class="magick-description">double the size of the image with pixel art scaling.</p>
5696 <h3><a class="anchor" id="map"></a>-map <var>type</var></h3>
5699 <p class="magick-description">Display image using this <var>type</var>.</p>
5714 <code>top-to-bottom</code> order until one is located. See <var>xstdcmap(1)</var> for one way of cr…
5718 <h3><a class="anchor" id="map_stream_"></a>-map <var>components</var></h3>
5721 <p class="magick-description">pixel map.</p>
5726 <dt class="col-md-4">r</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> red pixel component</dd>
5727 <dt class="col-md-4">g</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> green pixel component</dd>
5728 <dt class="col-md-4">b</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> blue pixel component</dd>
5729 <dt class="col-md-4">a</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> alpha pixel component (0 is transparent)</dd>
5730 <dt class="col-md-4">o</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> opacity pixel component (0 is opaque)</dd>
5731 <dt class="col-md-4">i</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> grayscale intensity pixel component</dd>
5732 <dt class="col-md-4">c</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> cyan pixel component</dd>
5733 <dt class="col-md-4">m</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> magenta pixel component</dd>
5734 <dt class="col-md-4">y</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> yellow pixel component</dd>
5735 <dt class="col-md-4">k</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> black pixel component</dd>
5736 <dt class="col-md-4">p</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> pad component (always 0)</dd>
5744 <h3><a class="anchor" id="mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <var>color</var></h3>
5747 <p class="magick-description">Specify the color to be used with the <a href="command-line-options.h…
5749 …specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> …
5752 style="background-color: #bdbdbd;">this shade of gray</span>.</p>
5755 <h3><a class="anchor" id="maximum"></a>-maximum</h3>
5758 <p class="magick-description">return the maximum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
5762 <p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the …
5766 <h3><a class="anchor" id="median"></a>-median <var>geometry</var></h3>
5769 <p class="magick-description">apply a median filter to the image.</p>
5773 <p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the …
5777 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="mean-shift"></a>-mean-shift <var>width</var>x<var>height</var>{<var>+dis…
5780 <p class="magick-description">image noise removal and color reduction/segmentation (e.g. -mean-shif…
5784 …e pixel and excludes those that are outside the <var>radius=sqrt((width-1)(height-1)/4)</var> surr…
5787 <h3><a class="anchor" id="metric"></a>-metric <var>type</var></h3>
5790 <p class="magick-description">Output to STDERR a measure of the differences between images accordin…
5795 <dt class="col-md-4">AE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> absolute error count, number of different pixe…
5796 <dt class="col-md-4">DSSIM</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> structural dissimilarity index</dd>
5797 <dt class="col-md-4">FUZZ</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> mean color distance</dd>
5798 <dt class="col-md-4">MAE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> mean absolute error (normalized), average chan…
5799 <dt class="col-md-4">MEPP</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> mean error per pixel (normalized mean error, n…
5800 <dt class="col-md-4">MSE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> mean error squared, average of the channel err…
5801 <dt class="col-md-4">NCC</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> normalized cross correlation</dd>
5802 <dt class="col-md-4">PAE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> peak absolute (normalized peak absolute)</dd>
5803 …ass="col-md-4">PHASH</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> perceptual hash for the sRGB and HCLp colorspaces. …
5804 <dt class="col-md-4">PSNR</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> peak signal to noise ratio</dd>
5805 <dt class="col-md-4">RMSE</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> root mean squared (normalized root mean square…
5806 <dt class="col-md-4">SSIM</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> structural similarity index</dd>
5810 with the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor (ignore pixels which
5812 size of the <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz" >-fuzz</a> factor needed to make all pixels
5821 <code>-define compare:ssim-radius</code>, <code>-define compare:ssim-sigma</code>,
5822 <code>-define compare:ssim-k1</code>, and <code>-define compare:ssim-k2</code>.</p>
5824 <p>To print a complete list of metrics, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
5829 <h3><a class="anchor" id="minimum"></a>-minimum</h3>
5832 <p class="magick-description">return the minimum intensity of an image sequence.</p>
5836 <p>This is legacy option from the <a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >method</a> of the …
5842 <h3><a class="anchor" id="mode"></a>-mode <var>geometry</var></h3>
5845 <p class="magick-description">make each pixel the \'predominant color\' of the neighborhood.'</p>
5848 <h3>-mode <var>value</var></h3>
5851 <p class="magick-description">Mode of operation.</p>
5856 <p>Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list</a> option with a '<code>Mode</code>' ar…
5857 for a list of <a href="command-line-options.html#mode" >-mode</a> arguments available in your
5862 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="modulate"></a>-modulate <var>brightness</var>[,<var>saturation</var>,<va…
5865 <p class="magick-description">Vary the <var>brightness</var>, <var>saturation</var>, and <var>hue</…
5872 twice as bright. To invert its meaning <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">-negate</a> the i…
5881 a counter-clockwise rotation of 90, mapping red shades to purple, and so on.
5888 href="command-line-options.html#modulate">-modulate 120,90</a>.</p>
5890 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> attribute of '<code
5894 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.png -set option:modulate:colorspace hsb -modulate 120,90…
5898 <h3><a class="anchor" id="moments"></a>-moments</h3>
5901 <p class="magick-description">report image moments and perceptual hash.</p>
5905 <h3><a class="anchor" id="monitor"></a>-monitor</h3>
5908 <p class="magick-description">monitor progress.</p>
5912 <h3><a class="anchor" id="monochrome"></a>-monochrome</h3>
5915 <p class="magick-description">transform the image to black and white.</p>
5918 <h3><a class="anchor" id="morph"></a>-morph <var>frames</var></h3>
5921 <p class="magick-description">morphs an image sequence.</p>
5926 href="command-line-options.html#blend">-blend</a> composition. The <var>frames</var>
5931 <h3><a class="anchor" id="morphology"></a>-morphology</h3>
5932 <h3>-morphology <var>method</var> <var>kernel</var></h3>
5935 <p class="magick-description">apply a morphology method to the image.</p>
5943 <h3><a class="anchor" id="mosaic"></a>-mosaic</h3>
5946 <p class="magick-description">an simple alias for the <a href="command-line-options.html#layers" >-…
5950 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <var>radius</var><br />-motion-blur <var>r…
5953 <p class="magick-description">simulate motion blur.</p>
5962 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine …
5967 <h3><a class="anchor" id="name"></a>-name</h3>
5970 <p class="magick-description">name an image.</p>
5972 <h3><a class="anchor" id="negate"></a>-negate</h3>
5975 <p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with its complementary color.</p>
5978 black, yellow becomes blue, etc. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#negate">+negate</a> to only
5982 <h3><a class="anchor" id="noise"></a>-noise <var>geometry</var><br/>
5986 <p class="magick-description">Add or reduce noise in an image.</p>
5995 <p>Use <code><a href="command-line-options.html#noise">-noise</a> <var>radius</var></code> to
5997 to using a <code><a href="command-line-options.html#statistic" >-statistic</a> NonPeak</code> opera…
6000 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#noise">+noise</a> followed by a noise <var>type</var> to …
6013 href="command-line-options.html#attenuate" >-attenuate</a></code> setting. If unset the value is
6018 <p>To print a complete list of noises, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list noise…
6020 <p>Also see the <a href="command-line-options.html#evaluate">-evaluate</a> noise functions that all…
6026 <h3><a class="anchor" id="normalize"></a>-normalize</h3>
6029 <p class="magick-description">Increase the contrast in an image by <var>stretching</var> the range …
6032 values. While doing so, black-out at most <var>2%</var> of the pixels and
6033 white-out at most <var>1%</var> of the pixels.</p>
6035 <p>Note that as of ImageMagick 6.4.7-0, <a href="command-line-options.html#normalize" >-normalize</…
6036 is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch 2%x1%</a>.
6037 (Before this version, it was equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch"
6038 >-contrast-stretch 2%x99%</a>).</p>
6041 preserve color integrity, when the default <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >+channel</a>
6042 setting is in use. Specifying any other <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>
6045 <p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#contrast-stretch" >-contrast-stretch</a> for more detail…
6046 Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#auto-level" >-auto-level</a> for a 'perfect' normalizat…
6049 <p>This operator is under review for re-development. </p>
6053 <h3><a class="anchor" id="opaque"></a>-opaque <var>color</var></h3>
6056 <p class="magick-description">change this color to the fill color within the image.</p>
6059 described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill" >-fill</a> option. The <a href="comma…
6060 >-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
6063 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">+opaque</a> to paint any pixel that does not match
6066 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> operator is exactly the sa…
6067 as <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque" >-opaque</a> but replaces the matching color with
6068 transparency rather than the current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setti…
6070 channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha" >-alpha</a> set</code>", f…
6072 href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
6076 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <var>threshold_map</var>{,<var>level…
6079 <p class="magick-description">dither the image using a pre-defined ordered dither <var>threshold m…
6084 <pre class="pre-scrollable"><code>
6085 threshold 1x1 Threshold 1x1 (non-dither)
6108 href="command-line-options.html#posterize" >-posterize</a> to reduce an image to basic primary colo…
6113 white, and mid-tone colors into a checkerboard pattern of black and white.
6122 <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list threshold</a> option.</p>
6129 on/off boolean effects, without anti-aliasing to make the circles smooth
6135 <h3><a class="anchor" id="orient"></a>-orient <var>image orientation</var></h3>
6138 <p class="magick-description">specify orientation of a digital camera image.</p>
6142 <pre class="highlight"><code>bottom-left right-top
6143 bottom-right top-left
6144 left-bottom top-right
6145 left-top undefined
6146 right-bottom
6149 <p>To print a complete list of orientations, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list" >-list
6154 <h3><a class="anchor" id="page"></a>-page <var>geometry</var><br/>
6155 -page <var>media</var>[<var>offset</var>][{<var>^!<></var>}]<br/>
6160 <p class="magick-description">Set the size and location of an image on the larger virtual canvas.</…
6162 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
6166 href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> <code>Letter+43+43</code>).</p>
6172 <dt class="col-md-4"> 11x17 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 792 x 1224</dd>
6173 <dt class="col-md-4"> Ledger </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1224 x 792</dd>
6174 <dt class="col-md-4"> Legal </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 1008</dd>
6175 <dt class="col-md-4"> Letter </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 792</dd>
6176 <dt class="col-md-4"> LetterSmall</dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 792</dd>
6177 <dt class="col-md-4"> ArchE </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2592 x 3456</dd>
6178 <dt class="col-md-4"> ArchD </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1728 x 2592</dd>
6179 <dt class="col-md-4"> ArchC </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1296 x 1728</dd>
6180 <dt class="col-md-4"> ArchB </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 864 x 1296</dd>
6181 <dt class="col-md-4"> ArchA </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 648 x 864</dd>
6182 <dt class="col-md-4"> A0 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2380 x 3368</dd>
6183 <dt class="col-md-4"> A1 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1684 x 2380</dd>
6184 <dt class="col-md-4"> A2 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1190 x 1684</dd>
6185 <dt class="col-md-4"> A3 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 842 x 1190</dd>
6186 <dt class="col-md-4"> A4 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 595 x 842</dd>
6187 <dt class="col-md-4"> A4Small </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 595 x 842</dd>
6188 <dt class="col-md-4"> A5 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 421 x 595</dd>
6189 <dt class="col-md-4"> A6 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 297 x 421</dd>
6190 <dt class="col-md-4"> A7 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 210 x 297</dd>
6191 <dt class="col-md-4"> A8 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 148 x 210</dd>
6192 <dt class="col-md-4"> A9 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 105 x 148</dd>
6193 <dt class="col-md-4"> A10 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 74 x 105</dd>
6194 <dt class="col-md-4"> B0 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2836 x 4008</dd>
6195 <dt class="col-md-4"> B1 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2004 x 2836</dd>
6196 <dt class="col-md-4"> B2 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1418 x 2004</dd>
6197 <dt class="col-md-4"> B3 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1002 x 1418</dd>
6198 <dt class="col-md-4"> B4 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 709 x 1002</dd>
6199 <dt class="col-md-4"> B5 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 501 x 709</dd>
6200 <dt class="col-md-4"> C0 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 2600 x 3677</dd>
6201 <dt class="col-md-4"> C1 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1837 x 2600</dd>
6202 <dt class="col-md-4"> C2 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 1298 x 1837</dd>
6203 <dt class="col-md-4"> C3 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 918 x 1298</dd>
6204 <dt class="col-md-4"> C4 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 649 x 918</dd>
6205 <dt class="col-md-4"> C5 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 459 x 649</dd>
6206 <dt class="col-md-4"> C6 </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 323 x 459</dd>
6207 <dt class="col-md-4"> Flsa </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 936</dd>
6208 <dt class="col-md-4"> Flse </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 612 x 936</dd>
6209 <dt class="col-md-4"> HalfLetter </dt> <dd class="col-md-8"> 396 x 612</dd>
6212 <p>This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image
6215 and are not affected by the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option. To
6216 …ion a GIF or MNG image, use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a><var>{+-}x{+-}y</var…
6217 file, a <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option appearing ahead of the first imag…
6225 href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-geometry</a> but positioned relative to the <var>lower
6226 left-hand corner</var> of the page by {+-}<code>x</code><var>offset</var>{+-}<code>y</code> <var>of…
6227 href="command-line-options.html#page">-page 612x792</a>, for example, to center the image within the
6229 page. The default gravity for the <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> option is <var…
6230 corner of the page, unless the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option is
6235 <p>This option is used in concert with <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a>.</p>
6237 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#page">+page</a> to remove the page settings for an image.…
6240 <h3><a class="anchor" id="paint"></a>-paint <var>radius</var></h3>
6243 <p class="magick-description">simulate an oil painting.</p>
6249 <h3><a class="anchor" id="path"></a>-path <var>path</var></h3></div>
6251 <p class="magick-description">write images to this path on disk.</p>
6254 <h3><a class="anchor" id="pause_animate_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
6257 <p class="magick-description">Pause between animation loops</p>
6262 <h3><a class="anchor" id="pause_import_"></a>-pause <var>seconds</var></h3>
6265 <p class="magick-description">Pause between snapshots.</p>
6270 <h3><a class="anchor" id="perceptible"></a>-perceptible <var>epsilon</var></h3>
6273 <p class="magick-description">set each pixel whose value is less than |<var>epsilon</var>| to <var>…
6276 <h3><a class="anchor" id="ping"></a>-ping</h3>
6279 <p class="magick-description">efficiently determine image characteristics.</p>
6282 <h3><a class="anchor" id="pointsize"></a>-pointsize <var>value</var></h3>
6285 <p class="magick-description">pointsize of the PostScript, OPTION1, or TrueType font.</p>
6288 <h3><a class="anchor" id="polaroid"></a>-polaroid <var>angle</var></h3>
6291 <p class="magick-description">simulate a Polaroid picture.</p>
6293 <p>Use <code>+polaroid</code> to rotate the image at a random angle between -15 and +15 degrees.</p>
6296 <h3><a class="anchor" id="poly"></a>-poly <var>"wt,exp ..."</var></h3>
6299 <p class="magick-description">combines multiple images according to a weighted sum of polynomials; …
6301 …lly be fractions between -1 and 1. But the sum of weights should be 1 or at least between 0 and 1 …
6309 …r of images), then this is equivalent to <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-evaluate-seq…
6319 <h3><a class="anchor" id="posterize"></a>-posterize <var>levels</var></h3>
6322 <p class="magick-description">reduce the image to a limited number of color levels per channel.</p>
6328 <h3><a class="anchor" id="precision"></a>-precision <var>value</var></h3>
6331 <p class="magick-description">set the maximum number of significant digits to be printed.</p>
6334 <h3><a class="anchor" id="preview"></a>-preview <var>type</var></h3>
6337 <p class="magick-description">image preview type.</p>
6340 <code>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</code>). Choose from
6343 <pre class="pre-scrollable"><code>
6375 <p>To print a complete list of previews, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list pre…
6380 <h3><a class="anchor" id="print"></a>-print <var>string</var></h3>
6383 <p class="magick-description">interpret string and print to console.</p>
6386 <h3><a class="anchor" id="process"></a>-process <var>command</var></h3>
6389 <p class="magick-description">process the image with a custom image filter.</p>
6397 <h3><a class="anchor" id="profile"></a>-profile <var>filename</var><br/>
6401 <p class="magick-description">Manage ICM, IPTC, or generic profiles in an image.</p>
6403 <p>Using <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> <var>filename</var> adds an
6407 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">+profile <var>profile_name</var></a> to
6413 <p>Use <code>identify -verbose</code> to find out which profiles are in the
6414 image file. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> to remove all profiles (and
6417 <p>To extract a profile, the <a href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> option is not
6428 href="command-line-options.html#profile">-profile</a> is an "operator" (as opposed to a "setting") …
6430 command-line. For instance, in the following example, if the original image is
6431 CMYK with profile, a CMYK-CMYK-RGB conversion results.</p>
6433 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert CMYK.tif -profile "CMYK.icc" -profile "RGB.icc" RGB.tiff
6442 <h3><a class="anchor" id="quality"></a>-quality <var>value</var></h3>
6445 <p class="magick-description">JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.</p>
6452 Use the <a href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor</a> option to specify …
6455 <p>For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear
6457 non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality provided by
6458 the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 100, a request for non-lossy
6462 compression level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). The default
6467 <p>For compression level 0 (quality value less than 10), the Huffman-only
6471 <p>If filter-type is 4 or less, the specified PNG filter-type is used for
6475 <dt class="col-md-4">0</dt><dd class="col-md-8">none</dd>
6476 <dt class="col-md-4">1</dt><dd class="col-md-8">sub</dd>
6477 <dt class="col-md-4">2</dt><dd class="col-md-8">up</dd>
6478 <dt class="col-md-4">3</dt><dd class="col-md-8">average</dd>
6479 <dt class="col-md-4">4</dt><dd class="col-md-8">Paeth</dd>
6482 <p>If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
6486 <p>If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
6487 with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> is used.</p>
6489 <p>Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color
6491 with <var>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</var> are used.</p>
6493 <p>If the filter-type is 8 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
6497 <p>If the filter-type is 9 the zlib Z_RLE compression strategy (or the
6505 can be obtained using the -quality option. For more precise control,
6506 you can use the PNG:compression-level=N, PNG:compression-strategy=N, and
6507 PNG:compression-filter=N defines, respectively, instead.
6508 See <a href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a>. Values from the defines take precedence
6509 over values from the -quality option.</p>
6514 <p>For the MIFF and TIFF image formats, quality/10 is the <a href="command-line-options.html#compre…
6519 <h3><a class="anchor" id="quantize"></a>-quantize <var>colorspace</var></h3>
6522 <p class="magick-description">reduce colors using this colorspace.</p>
6526 href="command-line-options.html#colors" >-colors</a>, Note that color reduction also happens
6527 automatically when saving images to color-limited image file formats, such as
6532 <h3><a class="anchor" id="quiet"></a>-quiet</h3>
6535 <p class="magick-description">suppress all warning messages. Error messages are still reported.</p>
6538 <h3><a class="anchor" id="radial-blur"></a>-radial-blur <var>angle</var></h3>
6541 <p class="magick-description">Blur around the center of the image.</p>
6544 such actually mis-named. </p>
6546 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#virtual-pixel">-virtual-pixel</a> setting will determine …
6552 <h3><a class="anchor" id="raise"></a>-raise <var>thickness</var></h3>
6555 <p class="magick-description">Lighten or darken image edges.</p>
6557 <p>This will create a 3-D effect. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> to create
6558 a raised effect, otherwise use <a href="command-line-options.html#raise">+raise</a>. </p>
6560 <p>Unlike the similar <a href="command-line-options.html#frame">-frame</a> option, <a
6561 href="command-line-options.html#raise">-raise</a> does not alter the dimensions of the image.</p>
6564 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <var>low</var>x<var>high</var></…
6567 <p class="magick-description">Apply a random threshold to the image.</p>
6570 …lass="anchor" id="range-threshold"></a>-range-threshold <var>low-black</var>,<var>low-white</var>,…
6573 <p class="magick-description">Perform either hard or soft thresholding within some range of values …
6576 <h3><a class="anchor" id="read-mask"></a>-read-mask
6580 <p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
6586 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#read-mask">+read-mask</a> to remove the mask from images.…
6588 <p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
6592 <h3><a class="anchor" id="red-primary"></a>-red-primary <var>x,y</var></h3>
6595 <p class="magick-description">Set the red chromaticity primary point.</p>
6598 <h3><a class="anchor" id="regard-warnings"></a>-regard-warnings</h3>
6601 <p class="magick-description">Pay attention to warning messages.</p>
6607 <h3><a class="anchor" id="remap"></a>-remap <var>filename</var></h3>
6610 <p class="magick-description">Reduce the number of colors in an image to the colors used by this im…
6612 <p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#dither">-dither</a> setting is enabled (the default) t…
6616 <p>As a side effect of applying a <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> of colors ac…
6622 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> to reduce all images in the current ima…
6625 reducing those images using <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> with a 256 color
6626 limit, then <a href="command-line-options.html#remap">-remap</a> those colors over the original lis…
6630 href="command-line-options.html#remap">+remap</a> should not perform any color reduction or ditheri…
6633 href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#ordered-d…
6636 <p>Note, the remap image colormap has at most 8-bits of precision. Deeper color maps are automagica…
6639 <h3><a class="anchor" id="region"></a>-region <var>geometry</var></h3>
6642 <p class="magick-description">Set a region in which subsequent operations apply.</p>
6645 in the same manner as in <a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a>.</p>
6647 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
6652 <h3><a class="anchor" id="remote"></a>-remote</h3>
6655 <p class="magick-description">perform a remote operation.</p>
6660 running simultaneously, use the <a href="command-line-options.html#window"> window</a> option to
6664 <h3><a class="anchor" id="render"></a>-render</h3>
6667 <p class="magick-description">render vector operations.</p>
6669 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#render">+render</a> to turn off rendering vector operatio…
6673 <h3><a class="anchor" id="repage"></a>-repage <var>geometry</var></h3>
6676 <p class="magick-description">Adjust the canvas and offset information of the image.</p>
6678 <p>This option is like <a href="command-line-options.html#page">-page</a> but acts as an image oper…
6682 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
6692 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to completely remove/reset the virtual
6693 canvas meta-data from the images. </p>
6695 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set</a> '<code>page</code>' option can be used to
6696 directly assign virtual canvas meta-data. </p>
6700 <h3><a class="anchor" id="resample"></a>-resample <var>horizontal</var>x<var>vertical</var></h3>
6703 <p class="magick-description">Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution.</p>
6712 href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> on the command line prior to specifying the
6721 <h3><a class="anchor" id="resize"></a>-resize <var>geometry</var></h3>
6724 <p class="magick-description">Resize an image.</p>
6726 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
6727 ignored, and the <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> option has no effect.</p>
6729 <p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> option
6730 or <code>-define filter:option=value</code> precedes the <a
6731 href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> option, the image is resized with the specified
6734 <p>Many image processing algorithms assume your image is in a linear-light
6735 coding. If your image is gamma-corrected, you can remove the nonlinear gamma
6738 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert portrait.jpg -gamma .45455 -resize 25% -gamma 2.2 \
6739 -quality 92 passport.jpg
6743 <h3><a class="anchor" id="respect-parentheses"></a>-respect-parentheses</h3>
6746 <p class="magick-description">settings remain in effect until parenthesis boundary.</p>
6749 <h3><a class="anchor" id="reverse"></a>-reverse</h3>
6752 <p class="magick-description">Reverse the order of images in the current image list.</p>
6756 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="roll"></a>-roll {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}<var>y</var></…
6759 <p class="magick-description">roll an image vertically or horizontally by the amount given.</p>
6761 <p>A negative <var>x</var> offset rolls the image right-to-left.
6762 A negative <var>y</var> offset rolls the image bottom-to-top.</p>
6766 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="rotate"></a>-rotate <var>degrees</var>{<var><</var>}{<var>></var>}…
6769 <p class="magick-description">Apply Paeth image rotation (using shear operations) to the image.</p>
6773 than the height. For example, if you specify <code>-rotate "-90>"</code> and
6775 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use <code>></code> or
6782 <p>See also the <a href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> operator and specifically …
6787 <h3><a class="anchor" id="sample"></a>-sample <var>geometry</var></h3>
6790 <p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel subsampling and pixel replicati…
6794 minifying, pixels are sub-sampled (i.e., some rows and columns are skipped
6797 <p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> …
6798 a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>point</code> (nearest
6799 neighbor), though <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is a lot faster, as it
6801 the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
6803 <p>The key feature of the <a href="command-line-options.html#sample">-sample</a> is that no new col…
6806 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
6807 ignored, unlike <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>. </p>
6810 <p>The actual sampling point is the middle of the sub-region being sampled.
6812 top-left-middle if image has even dimensions). However the <a
6813 href="command-line-options.html#define">-define</a> '<code>sample:offset</code>' can be set to modi…
6814 this position some other location within each sub-region being sampled, as
6818 to '<code>0</code>' for top-left, '<code>100</code>' for bottom-right, or with
6819 separate X and Y offsets such as '<code>0x50</code>' for left-middle edge of
6820 sampling sub-region.</p>
6824 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <var>horizontal-factor</var>x<var>…
6827 <p class="magick-description">sampling factors used by JPEG or MPEG-2 encoder and YUV decoder/encod…
6832 writing the M2V (MPEG-2) format, use <a
6833 href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 2x1</a> or <a
6834 href="command-line-options.html#sampling-factor">-sampling-factor 4:2:2</a> to specify the 4:2:2
6838 <h3><a class="anchor" id="scale"></a>-scale <var>geometry</var></h3>
6841 <p class="magick-description">minify / magnify the image with pixel block averaging and pixel repli…
6846 <p>The results are thus equivalent to using <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a> …
6847 a <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting of <code>box</code>. Though it is…
6849 completely ignores the current <a href="command-line-options.html#filter">-filter</a> setting. </p>
6860 <h3><a class="anchor" id="scene"></a>-scene <var>value</var></h3>
6863 <p class="magick-description">set scene number.</p>
6868 <h3><a class="anchor" id="screen"></a>-screen</h3>
6871 <p class="magick-description">specify the screen to capture.</p>
6880 <h3><a class="anchor" id="seed"></a>-seed</h3>
6883 <p class="magick-description">seed a new sequence of pseudo-random numbers</p>
6886 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="segment"></a>-segment <var>cluster-threshold</var>x<var>smoothing-thresh…
6889 <p class="magick-description">segment the colors of an image.</p>
6892 identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique. This
6901 <p>If the <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose">-verbose</a> setting is defined, a detailed r…
6906 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="selective-blur"></a>-selective-blur <var>radius</var><br />-selective-bl…
6909 <p class="magick-description">Selectively blur pixels within a contrast threshold.</p>
6915 <h3><a class="anchor" id="separate"></a>-separate</h3>
6918 …s="magick-description">separate an image channel into a grayscale image. Specify the channel with…
6921 <h3><a class="anchor" id="sepia-tone"></a>-sepia-tone <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
6924 <p class="magick-description">simulate a sepia-toned photo.</p>
6926 <p>Specify <var>threshold</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
6936 <h3><a class="anchor" id="set"></a>-set <var>key value</var></h3>
6940 <p class="magick-description">sets image attributes and properties for images in the current image …
6943 in the current image sequence. Using the <a href="command-line-options.html#set">+set</a> form of …
6947 <p>For example, it will modify specific well known image meta-data
6949 href="command-line-options.html#delay" >-delay</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#dispose" >-d…
6950 href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#colorspace" >-…
6956 'property' string. Such settings are listed in <a href="command-line-options.html#verbose"
6957 >-verbose</a> information ("<code>info:</code>" output format) as "Properties".
6961 using the options <a href="command-line-options.html#comment" >-comment</a>, <a href="command-line-…
6962 >-label</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#caption" >-caption</a>. These options actually assi…
6966 <pre class="highlight"><code>-> convert rose: -set comment 'Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose' ros…
6967 identify -format %c rose.png
6974 <pre class="highlight"><code>-> convert rose: -set origsize '%wx%h' -resize 50% \
6975 -format 'Old size = %[origsize] New size = %wx%h' info:
6983 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-repage</a> operator will also allow you to modify
6985 see <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">-page</a>). However it is designed to provide a fin…
6986 control of the sub-parts of this 'attribute'. The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set page…
6993 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert image.psd -set profile ISOcoated_v2_eci.icc image-icc.psd
7000 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert rose: -set filename:mysize '%wx%h' 'rose_%[filename:mysize].pn…
7005 href="command-line-options.html#define" >-define</a> option. As such settings are global in scope, …
7010 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert rose: -set option:rosesize '%wx%h' -delete 0 \
7021 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#set">-set profile</a> option can also be used to inject
7022 previously-formatted ancillary chunks into the output PNG file, using
7026 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-x:<filename> out.png
7041 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -set profile PNG-chunk-b01:file01 \
7042 -profile PNG-chunk-b02:file02 out.png
7046 <h3><a class="anchor" id="shade"></a>-shade <var>azimuth</var>x<var>elevation</var></h3>
7049 <p class="magick-description">shade the image using a distant light source.</p>
7052 the position of the light source. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#shade">+shade</a> to return
7056 … class="anchor" id="shadow"></a>-shadow <var>percent-opacity</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var…
7059 <p class="magick-description">simulate an image shadow.</p>
7063 id="shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory</h3>
7066 <p class="magick-description">use shared memory.</p>
7070 and the display must support the <var>MIT-SHM</var> extension.
7074 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="sharpen"></a>-sharpen <var>radius</var><br />-sharpen <var>radius</var>x…
7077 <p class="magick-description">sharpen the image.</p>
7082 <h3><a class="anchor" id="shave"></a>-shave <var>geometry</var></h3>
7085 <p class="magick-description">Shave pixels from the image edges.</p>
7092 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
7095 <h3><a class="anchor" id="shear"></a>-shear <var>Xdegrees</var>[x<var>Ydegrees</var>]</h3>
7098 <p class="magick-description">Shear the image along the x-axis and/or y-axis.</p>
7104 <p>Shearing slides one edge of an image along the x-axis or y-axis (i.e.,
7108 negative y-axis), sliding the top edge to the right when 0°<<var>Xdegrees</var><90° and to th…
7109 positive x-axis), sliding the right edge down when 0°<<var>Ydegrees</var><90° and up when 90°…
7112 defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-background</a> option. The color is specif…
7113 using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option.</p>
7120 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert logo: -shear 20x0 -shear 0x60 logo-sheared.png
7121 convert logo: -shear 0x60 -shear 20x0 logo-sheared.png
7128 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert logo: -shear 20x60 logo-sheared.png
7132 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="sigmoidal-contrast"></a>-sigmoidal-contrast <var>contrast</var>x<var>mid…
7135 <p class="magick-description">increase the contrast without saturating highlights or shadows.</p>
7143 <p>The <var>mid-point</var> indicates where the maximum change
7145 middle-gray; 100% is black). </p>
7147 <p>By default the image contrast is increased, use <var>+sigmoidal-contrast</var> to decrease the c…
7150 a gamma adjustment), you would use <var>-sigmoidal-contrast
7151 {brightness}x0%</var> to increase brightness and <var>+sigmoidal-contrast {brightness}x0%</var> to …
7152 Note the use of '0' fo rthe mid-point of the sigmoidal curve. </p>
7156 effects) of a true threshold, but with tapered gray-levels around the threshold
7157 <var>mid-point</var>. </p>
7160 <h3><a class="anchor" id="silent"></a>-silent</h3>
7165 <p class="magick-description">operate silently. This option is only used
7169 <h3><a class="anchor" id="similarity-threshold"></a>-similarity-threshold <var>value</var></h3>
7172 <p class="magick-description">minimum RMSE for subimage match.</p>
7174 …ff, then the search will proceed to completion or as limited by <var>-dissimilarity-threshold</var…
7177 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="size"></a>-size <var>width</var>[x<var>height</var>][<var>+offset</var>]…
7180 <p class="magick-description">set the width and height of the image.</p>
7185 href="command-line-options.html#size">-size</a> with an offset to skip any header information in the
7186 image or tell the number of colors in a <code>MAP</code> image file, (e.g. -size
7199 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="sketch"></a>-sketch <var>radius</var><br />-sketch <var>radius</var>x<va…
7202 <p class="magick-description">simulate a pencil sketch.</p>
7209 <h3><a class="anchor" id="smush"></a>-smush <var>offset</var></h3>
7212 <p class="magick-description">appends an image sequence together ignoring transparency.</p>
7214 …-line-options.html#append">-append</a>, joining the images in the sequence top-to-bottom (<a href=…
7218 …-line-options.html#smush">-smush</a> respects <a href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity…
7220 <p>For zero offset and transparent images, the non-transparent parts of the two images will be alig…
7223 <h3><a class="anchor" id="snaps"></a>-snaps <var>value</var></h3>
7226 <p class="magick-description">Set the number of screen snapshots.</p>
7231 <h3><a class="anchor" id="solarize"></a>-solarize <var>percent-threshold</var></h3>
7234 <p class="magick-description">negate all pixels above the threshold level.</p>
7236 <p>Specify <var>factor</var> as the percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</p>
7242 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="sparse-color"></a>-sparse-color <var>method</var> '<var>x</var>,<var>y<…
7245 <p class="magick-description"> color the given image using the specified points of color, and filli…
7249 <dt class="col-md-4">barycentric</dt>
7250 <dd class="col-md-8">three point triangle of color given 3 points.
7254 <dt class="col-md-4">bilinear</dt>
7255 <dd class="col-md-8">Like barycentric but for 4 points. Less than 4 points
7257 <dt class="col-md-4">voronoi</dt>
7258 <dd class="col-md-8">Simply map each pixel to the to nearest color point
7260 <dt class="col-md-4">manhattan</dt>
7261 …<dd class="col-md-8">Like voronoi, but resulting polygonal 'cells' are mapped to a fixed coordinat…
7262 <dt class="col-md-4">shepards</dt>
7263 <dd class="col-md-8">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance
7266 <dt class="col-md-4">inverse</dt>
7267 <dd class="col-md-8">Colors points biased on the ratio of inverse distance.
7274 canvas (<a href="command-line-options.html#page" >-page</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#r…
7279 <p>Only the color channels defined by the <a href="command-line-options.html#channel" >-channel</a>…
7295 <h3><a class="anchor" id="splice"></a>-splice <var>geometry</var></h3>
7298 <p class="magick-description">Splice the current background color into the image.</p>
7301 href="command-line-options.html#background">-background</a> color into the given image according to…
7302 …-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> geometry setting. See <a href="command-line-processing.h…
7308 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> setting will add rows and columns to the edge…
7310 href="command-line-options.html#splice">-splice</a> is most commonly used for. </p>
7313 href="command-line-options.html#gravity">-gravity</a> is later used with <a href="command-line-opti…
7317 <h3><a class="anchor" id="spread"></a>-spread <var>amount</var></h3>
7320 <p class="magick-description">displace image pixels by a random amount.</p>
7326 <p>The lookup is controlled by the <a href="command-line-options.html#interpolate">-interpolate</a>…
7329 <h3><a class="anchor" id="statistic"></a>-statistic <var>type</var> <var>geometry</var></h3>
7332 <p class="magick-description">replace each pixel with corresponding statistic from the neighborhood…
7336 <dt class="col-md-4">Gradient</dt><dd class="col-md-8">maximum difference (max - min) value in neig…
7337 <dt class="col-md-4">Maximum</dt><dd class="col-md-8">maximum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
7338 <dt class="col-md-4">Minimum</dt><dd class="col-md-8">minimum value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
7339 <dt class="col-md-4">Mean</dt><dd class="col-md-8">average value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
7340 <dt class="col-md-4">Median</dt><dd class="col-md-8">median value per channel in neighborhood</dd>
7341 <dt class="col-md-4">Mode</dt><dd class="col-md-8">mode (most frequent) value per channel in neighb…
7342 <dt class="col-md-4">Nonpeak</dt><dd class="col-md-8">value just before or after the median value p…
7343 <dt class="col-md-4">RMS</dt><dd class="col-md-8">root mean square value per channel in neighborhoo…
7344 <dt class="col-md-4">StandardDeviation</dt><dd class="col-md-8"> standard deviation value per chann…
7348 <h3><a class="anchor" id="stegano"></a>-stegano <var>offset</var></h3>
7351 <p class="magick-description">hide watermark within an image.</p>
7355 this information to recover the steganographic image (e.g. display -size
7359 <h3><a class="anchor" id="stereo"></a>-stereo <var>+x</var>{<var>+y</var>}</h3>
7362 <p class="magick-description">composite two images to create a red / cyan stereo anaglyph.</p>
7364 …e. The right side (first image) is saved as the green and blue channels. Red-green stereo glasses …
7367 <h3><a class="anchor" id="storage-type"></a>-storage-type <var>type</var></h3>
7370 <p class="magick-description">pixel storage type. Here are the valid types:</p>
7373 <dt class="col-md-4">char</dt><dd class="col-md-8">unsigned characters</dd>
7374 <dt class="col-md-4">double</dt><dd class="col-md-8">doubles</dd>
7375 <dt class="col-md-4">float</dt><dd class="col-md-8">floats</dd>
7376 <dt class="col-md-4">integer</dt><dd class="col-md-8">integers</dd>
7377 <dt class="col-md-4">long</dt><dd class="col-md-8">longs</dd>
7378 <dt class="col-md-4">quantum</dt><dd class="col-md-8">pixels in the native depth of your ImageMagic…
7379 <dt class="col-md-4">short</dt><dd class="col-md-8">unsigned shorts</dd>
7386 <h3><a class="anchor" id="stretch"></a>-stretch <var>fontStretch</var></h3>
7389 <p class="magick-description">Set a type of stretch style for fonts.</p>
7406 <p>To print a complete list of stretch types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list
7410 href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family…
7411 href="command-line-options.html#style">-style</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weight">-…
7414 <h3><a class="anchor" id="strip"></a>-strip</h3>
7417 <p class="magick-description">strip the image of any profiles, comments or these PNG chunks: bKGD,c…
7420 <h3><a class="anchor" id="stroke"></a>-stroke <var>color</var></h3>
7423 <p class="magick-description">color to use when stroking a graphic primitive.</p>
7425 …specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> …
7427 <p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
7430 <h3><a class="anchor" id="strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <var>value</var></h3>
7433 <p class="magick-description">set the stroke width.</p>
7435 <p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
7438 <h3><a class="anchor" id="style"></a>-style <var>fontStyle</var></h3>
7441 <p class="magick-description">Set a font style for text.</p>
7454 href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family…
7455 href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#weigh…
7458 <h3><a class="anchor" id="subimage-search"></a>-subimage-search</h3>
7461 <p class="magick-description">search for subimage.</p>
7468 <p>The "match-score" image is smaller containing a pixel for ever possible
7469 position of the top-left corner of the given sub-image. that is its size will
7470 be the size of the larger_image - sub_image + 1. The brightest location in
7476 <p>Note that the search will try to compare the sub-image at every possible
7478 sub-image the faster this search is. </p>
7482 <h3><a class="anchor" id="swap"></a>-swap <var>index,index</var></h3>
7485 <p class="magick-description">Swap the positions of two images in the image sequence.</p>
7487 <p>For example, <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">-swap 0,2</a> swaps the first and the third
7488 images in the current image sequence. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#swap">+swap</a> to swi…
7492 <h3><a class="anchor" id="swirl"></a>-swirl <var>degrees</var></h3>
7495 <p class="magick-description">swirl image pixels about the center.</p>
7500 <h3><a class="anchor" id="synchronize"></a>-synchronize</h3>
7503 <p class="magick-description">synchronize image to storage device.</p>
7511 <h3><a class="anchor" id="taint"></a>-taint</h3>
7514 <p class="magick-description">Mark the image as modified.</p>
7517 <h3><a class="anchor" id="text-font"></a>-text-font <var>name</var></h3>
7520 <p class="magick-description">font for writing fixed-width text.</p>
7530 <h3><a class="anchor" id="texture"></a>-texture <var>filename</var></h3>
7533 <p class="magick-description">name of texture to tile onto the image background.</p>
7536 <h3><a class="anchor" id="threshold"></a>-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
7539 <!-- {<var>green,blue,opacity</var>}
7542 a bi-level image. If the opacity threshold is omitted, OpaqueOpacity is used
7544 -->
7546 <p class="magick-description">Apply simultaneous black/white threshold to the image.</p>
7548 <p>Any pixel values (more specifically, those channels set using <a href="command-line-options.html…
7565 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -channel red -threshold 50% out.png
7569 generate an all-black and an all-white image with the same dimensions as the
7573 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert in.png -channel RGB -threshold 100% black.png
7574 convert in.png -channel RGB -threshold -1 white.png
7577 …o <a href="command-line-options.html#black-threshold">‑black‑threshold</a> and <a hr…
7581 <h3><a class="anchor" id="thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <var>geometry</var></h3>
7584 <p class="magick-description">Create a thumbnail of the image.</p>
7586 <p>This is similar to <a href="command-line-options.html#resize">-resize</a>, except it is optimized
7589 href="command-line-options.html#strip">-strip</a> just before of after this option.</p>
7591 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
7594 <h3><a class="anchor" id="tile"></a>-tile <var>filename</var></h3>
7597 <p class="magick-description">Set the tile image used for filling a subsequent graphic primitive.</…
7600 <h3>-tile <var>geometry</var></h3>
7603 <p class="magick-description">Specify the layout of images.</p>
7605 <p>See <a href="command-line-processing.html#geometry">Image Geometry</a> for complete details abou…
7608 <h3>-tile</h3>
7611 <p class="magick-description">Specifies that a subsequent composite operation is repeated across an…
7614 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="tile-offset"></a>-tile-offset {<var>+-</var>}<var>x</var>{<var>+-</var>}…
7617 <p class="magick-description">Specify the offset for tile images, relative to the background image …
7619 <p>This should be set before the tiling image is set by <a href="command-line-options.html#tile"
7620 >-tile</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html#texture" >-texture</a>, or directly applied for
7624 <p>Internally ImageMagick does a <a href="command-line-options.html#roll" >-roll</a> of the tile im…
7628 <h3><a class="anchor" id="tint"></a>-tint <var>value</var></h3>
7631 <p class="magick-description">Tint the image with the fill color.</p>
7636 white red, yellow, will not be affected by -tint. Only mid-range colors such
7640 <h3><a class="anchor" id="title"></a>-title <var>string</var></h3>
7643 <p class="magick-description">Assign a title to displayed image.", "animate", "display", "montage</…
7649 under the <a href="command-line-options.html#format">-format</a> option.</p>
7653 <pre class="highlight"><code>-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
7661 <h3><a class="anchor" id="transform"></a>-transform</h3>
7664 <p class="magick-description">transform the image.</p>
7666 …ies the transformation matrix from a previous <a href="command-line-options.html#affine">-affine</…
7668 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
7673 href="command-line-options.html#distort">-distort</a> '<code>AffineProjection</code>' method. </p>
7677 <h3><a class="anchor" id="transparent"></a>-transparent <var>color</var></h3>
7680 <p class="magick-description">Make this color transparent within the image.</p>
7683 described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> option. The <a href="command…
7684 >-fuzz</a> setting can be used to match and replace colors similar to the one
7687 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >+transparent</a> to invert the pixels matc…
7688 that is make all non-matching colors transparent. </p>
7690 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#opaque">-opaque</a> operator is exactly the same as <a
7691 href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> but replaces the matching color with…
7692 current <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> color setting, rather than transparent.
7693 However the <a href="command-line-options.html#transparent" >-transparent</a> operator also ensures
7694 that the image has an alpha channel enabled, as per "<code><a href="command-line-options.html#alpha"
7695 >-alpha</a> set</code>", and does not require you to modify the <a
7696 href="command-line-options.html#channel">-channel</a> to enable alpha channel handling. </p>
7699 used for color-mapped image formats, such as GIF. For that use <a
7700 href="command-line-options.html#transparent-color" >-transparent-color</a> </p>
7704 <h3><a class="anchor" id="transparent-color"></a>-transparent-color <var>color</var></h3>
7707 <p class="magick-description">Set the transparent color.</p>
7713 href="command-line-options.html#transparent">-transparent</a> to make an opaque color transparent.<…
7726 <h3><a class="anchor" id="transpose"></a>-transpose</h3>
7729 <p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the top-left to bottom-right diagonal.</p>
7731 …ically transposes the pixel array. It is equivalent to the sequence <code>-flip -rotate 90</code>.
7735 <h3><a class="anchor" id="transverse"></a>-transverse</h3>
7738 …p class="magick-description">Mirror the image along the images bottom-left top-right diagonal. Eq…
7742 <h3><a class="anchor" id="treedepth"></a>-treedepth <var>value</var></h3>
7745 <p class="magick-description">tree depth for the color reduction algorithm.</p>
7757 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> or <a href="command-line-options.html…
7762 <h3><a class="anchor" id="trim"></a>-trim</h3>
7765 <p class="magick-description">trim an image.</p>
7768 pixels. Use <a href="command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> to make <a href="command-line-option…
7772 you to extract the result of the <a href="command-line-options.html#trim">-trim</a> operation from …
7773 image. Use a <a href="command-line-options.html#repage">+repage</a> to remove the virtual canvas p…
7778 <a href="command-line-options.html#crop">-crop</a> operation 'misses' the image proper. </p>
7782 <h3><a class="anchor" id="type"></a>-type <var>type</var></h3>
7785 <p class="magick-description">the image type.</p> <p>Choose from: <code>Bilevel</code>,
7792 href="command-line-options.html#type">-type</a> option can be used to override this behavior. For
7796 <pre class="highlight"><code>convert bird.png -type TrueColor bird.jpg
7799 <p>Similarly, use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type TrueColorAlpha</a> to force the
7803 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#type">-type optimize</a> to ensure the image is written i…
7806 <h3><a class="anchor" id="undercolor"></a>-undercolor <var>color</var></h3>
7809 <p class="magick-description">set the color of the annotation bounding box.</p>
7811 …specified using the format described under the <a href="command-line-options.html#fill">-fill</a> …
7813 <p>See <a href="command-line-options.html#draw">-draw</a> for further details.</p>
7817 <h3><a class="anchor" id="update"></a>-update <var>seconds</var></h3>
7820 <p class="magick-description">detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</p>
7823 displayed is over-written. <code>display</code> will automagically detect that
7829 <h3><a class="anchor" id="unique-colors"></a>-unique-colors</h3>
7832 <p class="magick-description">discard all but one of any pixel color.</p>
7836 <h3><a class="anchor" id="units"></a>-units <var>type</var></h3>
7839 <p class="magick-description">the units of image resolution.</p>
7843 with the <a href="command-line-options.html#density">-density</a> option.</p>
7847 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="unsharp"></a>-unsharp <var>radius</var><br />-unsharp <var>radius</var>x…
7850 <p class="magick-description">sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator.</p>
7852 <p>The <a href="command-line-options.html#unsharp">-unsharp</a> option sharpens an image. The image…
7860 <dt class="col-md-4">radius</dt>
7861 <dd class="col-md-8">The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel (default…
7862 <dt class="col-md-4">sigma</dt>
7863 <dd class="col-md-8">The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).</dd>
7864 <dt class="col-md-4">gain</dt>
7865 <dd class="col-md-8">The fraction of the difference between the original and the blur image that is…
7866 <dt class="col-md-4">threshold</dt>
7867 <dd class="col-md-8">The threshold, as a fraction of <var>QuantumRange</var>, needed to apply the d…
7871 <h3><a class="anchor" id="verbose"></a>-verbose</h3>
7874 …ss="magick-description">print detailed information about the image when this option precedes the <…
7878 <h3><a class="anchor" id="version"></a>-version</h3>
7881 <p class="magick-description">print ImageMagick version string and exit.</p>
7885 <h3><a class="anchor" id="view"></a>-view <var>string</var></h3>
7888 <p class="magick-description">FlashPix viewing parameters.</p>
7892 …<a class="anchor" id="vignette"></a>-vignette <var>radius</var>{x<var>sigma</var>}{<var>+-</var>}<…
7895 <p class="magick-description">soften the edges of the image in vignette style.</p>
7900 <h3><a class="anchor" id="virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <var>method</var></h3>
7903 <p class="magick-description">Specify contents of <var>virtual pixels</var>.</p>
7913 <dt class="col-md-4">background</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is the back…
7914 <dt class="col-md-4">black</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is black</dd>
7915 <dt class="col-md-4">checker-tile</dt><dd class="col-md-8">alternate squares with image and backgro…
7916 <dt class="col-md-4">dither</dt><dd class="col-md-8">non-random 32x32 dithered pattern</dd>
7917 <dt class="col-md-4">edge</dt><dd class="col-md-8">extend the edge pixel toward infinity</dd>
7918 <dt class="col-md-4">gray</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is gray</dd>
7919 <dt class="col-md-4">horizontal-tile</dt><dd class="col-md-8">horizontally tile the image, backgrou…
7920 <dt class="col-md-4">horizontal-tile-edge</dt><dd class="col-md-8">horizontally tile the image and …
7921 <dt class="col-md-4">mirror</dt><dd class="col-md-8">mirror tile the image</dd>
7922 <dt class="col-md-4">random</dt><dd class="col-md-8">choose a random pixel from the image</dd>
7923 <dt class="col-md-4">tile</dt><dd class="col-md-8">tile the image (default)</dd>
7924 <dt class="col-md-4">transparent</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is transpa…
7925 <dt class="col-md-4">vertical-tile</dt><dd class="col-md-8">vertically tile the image, sides are ba…
7926 <dt class="col-md-4">vertical-tile-edge</dt><dd class="col-md-8">vertically tile the image and repl…
7927 <dt class="col-md-4">white</dt><dd class="col-md-8">the area surrounding the image is white</dd>
7932 <p>This most important for distortion operators such as <a href="command-line-options.html#distort"
7933 >-distort</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#implode" >-implode</a>, and <a href="command-line…
7935 image proper, such as <a href="command-line-options.html#convolve">-convolve</a>, <a
7936 href="command-line-options.html#blur">-blur</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#sharpen">-s…
7939 href="command-line-options.html#list">-list virtual-pixel</a> option.</p>
7943 <h3><a class="anchor" id="visual"></a>-visual <var>type</var></h3>
7946 <p class="magick-description">Animate images using this X visual type.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
7962 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="watermark"></a>-watermark <var>brightness</var>x<var>saturation</var></h…
7965 <p class="magick-description">Watermark an image using the given percentages of brightness and satu…
7975 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="wave"></a>-wave <var>amplitude</var><br />-wave <var>amplitude</var>x<va…
7978 <p class="magick-description">Shear the columns of an image into a sine wave.</p>
7981 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="wavelet-denoise"></a>-wavelet-denoise <var>threshold</var><br />-wavelet…
7984 <p class="magick-description">removes noise from the image using a wavelet transform. The threshol…
7987 <h3><a class="anchor" id="weight"></a>-weight <var>fontWeight</var></h3>
7990 <p class="magick-description">Set a font weight for text.</p>
7997 <dt class="col-md-4">Thin </dt>
7998 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 100.</dd>
7999 <dt class="col-md-4">ExtraLight </dt>
8000 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 200.</dd>
8001 <dt class="col-md-4">Light </dt>
8002 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 300.</dd>
8003 <dt class="col-md-4">Normal </dt>
8004 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 400.</dd>
8005 <dt class="col-md-4">Medium </dt>
8006 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 500.</dd>
8007 <dt class="col-md-4">DemiBold </dt>
8008 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 600.</dd>
8009 <dt class="col-md-4">Bold </dt>
8010 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 700.</dd>
8011 <dt class="col-md-4">ExtraBold </dt>
8012 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 800.</dd>
8013 <dt class="col-md-4">Heavy </dt>
8014 <dd class="col-md-8">Same as <var>fontWeight</var> = 900.</dd>
8018 <p>To print a complete list of weight types, use <a href="command-line-options.html#list">-list wei…
8021 href="command-line-options.html#font">-font</a>, <a href="command-line-options.html#family">-family…
8022 href="command-line-options.html#stretch">-stretch</a>, and <a href="command-line-options.html#style…
8025 <h3><a class="anchor" id="white-point"></a>-white-point <var>x,y</var></h3>
8028 <p class="magick-description">chromaticity white point.</p>
8031 …<h3><a class="anchor" id="white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <var>value</var>{<var>%</var>}</h3>
8034 <p class="magick-description">Force to white all pixels above the threshold while leaving all pixel…
8038 desired <a href="command-line-options.html#channel">‑channel</a> value. See <a href="command…
8041 <h3><a class="anchor" id="window"></a>-window <var>id</var></h3>
8044 <p class="magick-description">Make the image the background of a window.", 'animate', 'display'</p>
8050 <code>backdrop</code> or <a href="command-line-options.html#geometry">-resize</a> are specified, the
8056 href="command-line-options.html#colors">-colors</a> to reduce the number of colors.</p>
8059 <h3><a class="anchor" id="window-group"></a>-window-group</h3>
8062 <p class="magick-description">specify the window group.</p>
8065 <h3><a class="anchor" id="write"></a>-write <var>filename</var></h3>
8068 <p class="magick-description">write an image sequence.</p>
8070 …-line-options.html#write">-write</a> <var>filename</var> option is written out, and processing con…
8072 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#compress">-compress</a> to specify the type of image comp…
8075 <h3><a class="anchor" id="write-mask"></a>-write-mask <var>filename</var></h3>
8078 <p class="magick-description">Prevent updates to image pixels specified by the mask.</p>
8084 <p>Use <a href="command-line-options.html#write-mask">+write-mask</a> to remove the mask from image…
8086 <p>Also see <a href="command-line-options.html#clip-mask">-clip-mask</a> which work in the same way,
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8093 <p><a href="security-policy.html">Security</a> •
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