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11 Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
14 Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum.
19 -------------------
25 This Python distribution contains no GNU General Public Licensed
35 ---------------------------
41 ------------------------------
43 Congratulations on getting this far. :-)
47 executable "./python"; to install in /usr/local, first do "su root"
48 and then "make install".
54 ----------------------
56 Python is an interpreted, interactive object-oriented programming
65 ----------------------
76 -------------
82 Python's power is described there, including the built-in data types
102 ---------
109 ----------------------------
111 Read comp.lang.python, a high-volume discussion newsgroup about
112 Python, or comp.lang.python.announce, a low-volume moderated newsgroup
113 for Python-related announcements. These are also accessible as
115 overview of these and many other Python-related mailing lists.
123 -----------
130 -------------------------
137 comp.lang.python or python-ideas mailing lists for inital feedback. A Python
144 ---------
167 two -- please be patient!) You may want to pass options to the
168 configure script -- see the section below on configuration options and
177 To get an optimized build of Python, "configure --enable-optimizations" before
179 Optimization (PGO) and may be used to auto-enable Link Time Optimization (LTO)
195 ---------------------------
198 If ran, "make profile-opt" will do several steps.
219 ----------------------
221 Enabled via configure's --with-lto flag. LTO takes advantages of recent
228 ---------------
244 If you get a warning for every file about the -Olimit option being no
245 longer supported, you can ignore it. There's no foolproof way to know
250 warning bothers you, edit the Makefile to remove "-Olimit 1500" from
253 If you get failures in test_long, or sys.maxint gets set to -1, you
256 some vendor-supplied compilers, which can sometimes be worked around
261 old K&R-C-only compilers is no longer possible. ANSI C compilers are
265 If "make install" fails mysteriously during the "compiling the library"
271 -------------------
276 please send a message to python-dev@python.org indicating that you
278 regarding no-longer-supported and resupporting platforms, as well
283 - SunOS 4
284 - DYNIX
285 - dgux
286 - Minix
287 - NeXT
288 - Irix 4 and --with-sgi-dl
289 - Linux 1
290 - Systems defining __d6_pthread_create (configure.ac)
291 - Systems defining PY_PTHREAD_D4, PY_PTHREAD_D6,
293 - Systems using --with-dl-dld
294 - Systems using --without-universal-newlines
295 - MacOS 9
296 - Systems using --with-wctype-functions
297 - Win9x, WinME
301 -----------------------
303 (Some of these may no longer apply. If you find you can build Python
315 should work. (You may need to add -I, -L or -l flags to direct the
320 64-bit platforms: The modules audioop, and imageop don't work.
321 The setup.py script disables them on 64-bit installations.
327 2.5.1, you need to add the "-mt" compiler option (the simplest
334 -zcombreloc option which creates broken shared libraries on
346 No such file or directory
356 4. Modify the installed GCC specs file, adding -R options into the
363 make CPPFLAGS='-D"Py_HUGE_VAL=HUGE_VAL()" -I. -I$(srcdir)/Include'
364 ./python setup.py CPPFLAGS='-D"Py_HUGE_VAL=HUGE_VAL()"'
371 Red Hat Linux: Red Hat 9 built Python2.2 in UCS-4 mode and hacked
373 need to pass --enable-unicode=ucs4 flag to ./configure.
384 the correct order with the defaults. Remove "-ltermcap" from
386 cursesmodule.c -lmytinfo -lncurses -ltermcap" - "mytinfo" (so
394 Turning off threads (with --with-threads=no) or upgrading to
397 DEC Unix: Run configure with --with-dec-threads, or with
398 --with-threads=no if no threads are desired (threads are on by
408 place. See Misc/AIX-NOTES for some notes on how it's done.
412 testing, try setting CC to a thread-safe (reentrant) compiler,
416 AIX 5.3: To build a 64-bit version with IBM's compiler, I used the
420 ./configure --with-gcc="xlc_r -q64" --with-cxx="xlC_r -q64" \
421 --disable-ipv6 AR="ar -X64"
424 HP-UX: When using threading, you may have to add -D_REENTRANT to the
425 OPT variable in the top-level Makefile; reported by Pat Knight,
426 this seems to make a difference (at least for HP-UX 10.20)
428 using HP/UX 11 and later - threading seems to work "out of the
431 HP-UX ia64: When building on the ia64 (Itanium) platform using HP's
435 edit the Makefile and remove -O from the OPT line.
437 To build a 64-bit executable on an Itanium 2 system using HP's
443 LDFLAGS="+DD64 -lxnet"
447 ./configure --without-gcc
452 remove -O from the OPT line.
454 HP PA-RISC 2.0: A recent bug report (http://bugs.python.org/546117)
455 suggests that the C compiler in this 64-bit system has bugs
462 1) Everything works much better if you add -U__STDC__ to the
471 LIBS=' -lsocket -lcrypt_i'
481 test and install Python 1.5.x under QNX:
484 ./configure --verbose --without-gcc --with-libm=""
500 make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash OPT="-5 -Oil+nrt"
505 think that's a problem with my readline 2.2 port. :-\
507 5) make SHELL=/usr/local/bin/bash install
513 to read: LDFLAGS = -N 48k
515 BeOS: See Misc/BeOS-NOTES for notes about compiling/installing
522 my experience with the NIWA T3E (2002-05-22, version 2.2.1)
535 2) Run configure with option "--enable-unicode=ucs4".
590 as of OSX 10.3), use "ulimit -s 2048".
593 "--disable-toolbox-glue" to disable the glue code for the Carbon
595 if you add the --enable-framework option, see below.
598 "sudo mkdir -m 775 /usr/local"
599 before you do a make install. It is probably not a good idea to
600 do "sudo make install" which installs everything as superuser,
601 as this may later cause problems when installing distutils-based
605 to install additional unix software. Disabling fink (remove all
608 You may want to try the configure option "--enable-framework"
610 as argument to the --enable-framework option (default
611 /Library/Frameworks). A framework install is probably needed if you
612 want to use any Aqua-based GUI toolkit (whether Tkinter, wxPython,
615 You may also want to try the configure option "--enable-universalsdk"
622 Cygwin: With recent (relative to the time of writing, 2001-12-19)
634 (a) the band-aid fix is to link the _socket module statically
637 To do this, run "./configure --with-threads=no" including any
638 other options you need (--prefix, etc.). Then in Modules/Setup
643 # -DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \
644 # -L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
653 http://sources.redhat.com/ml/cygwin/2001-12/msg00894.html
682 make TESTOPTS='-l -x test_select' test
694 -------------------------------------
698 exposing a set of package-level functions which provide
699 backwards-compatible behavior. Only versions 3.3 through 4.4 of
708 ---------------------------
712 systems distribute the headers in a separate package to the library -
713 often it will be the same name as the main package, but with a -dev or
714 -devel suffix.
720 -------------------
724 --with-threads=no switch to configure. Unfortunately, on some
732 -- it is regenerated each time the configure.ac file changes.)
744 SunOS 5.{1-5}/{gcc,SunPro cc}/solaris -mt
746 DEC OSF/1 3.x/cc/DCE -threads
748 Digital UNIX 4.x/cc/DCE -threads
750 Digital UNIX 4.x/cc/POSIX -pthread
765 SunOS 5.{1-5}/solaris -lthread
766 SunOS 5.5/POSIX -lpthread
767 DEC OSF/1 3.x/DCE -lpthreads -lmach -lc_r -lc
769 Digital UNIX 4.x/DCE -lpthreads -lpthread -lmach -lexc -lc
771 Digital UNIX 4.x/POSIX -lpthread -lmach -lexc -lc
775 IRIX 6.2/POSIX -lpthread
780 ---------------------------
785 configure with --enable-shared.
789 files using position-independent code (PIC) on platforms where PIC flags
793 Configuring additional built-in modules
794 ---------------------------------------
808 -- always edit Setup or Setup.local (see below). Read the comments in
818 errors, disable it -- you're either missing support or need to adjust
833 ------------------------------------------
837 command; e.g. "make OPT=-g" will build a debugging version of Python
838 on most platforms. The default is OPT=-O; a value for OPT in the
844 the -Wall and -Wstrict-prototypes options.
847 be enabled by using the --with-pydebug option to the configure script.
854 ---------
861 CC="gcc -pg" ./configure
869 -----------------
878 gcov -o Modules zlibmodule
885 extension modules you want to coverage-check statically.
889 -------
891 To test the interpreter, type "make test" in the top-level directory.
892 This runs the test set twice (once with no compiled files, once with
899 non-standard implementation of strftime() in the C library. Please
909 ./python Lib/test/regrtest.py -v test_whatever
916 ----------
918 To install the Python binary, library modules, shared library modules
922 make install
924 This will install all platform-independent files in subdirectories of
925 the directory given with the --prefix option to configure or to the
927 platform-specific files will be installed in subdirectories if the
928 directory given by --exec-prefix or the `exec_prefix' Make variable
929 (defaults to the --prefix directory) is given.
944 If you want to install multiple versions of Python see the section below
947 The only thing you may have to install manually is the Python mode for
948 Emacs found in Misc/python-mode.el. (But then again, more recent
950 came with Emacs for installation of site-specific files.
952 On Mac OS X, if you have configured Python with --enable-framework, you
959 ----------------------------
961 On Unix and Mac systems if you intend to install multiple versions of Python
962 using the same installation prefix (--prefix argument to the configure
966 version and can thus live side-by-side. "make install" also creates
968 to install multiple versions using the same prefix you must decide which
969 version (if any) is your "primary" version. Install that version using
970 "make install". Install all other versions using "make altinstall".
972 For example, if you want to install Python 2.5, 2.6 and 3.0 with 2.6 being
973 the primary version, you would execute "make install" in your 2.6 build
978 -----------------------------------
985 after changing --prefix or --exec-prefix, all you need to do is remove
988 --with(out)-gcc: The configure script uses gcc (the GNU C compiler) if
991 --without-gcc. You can also pass "CC=cc" (or whatever the
993 advantage of using --without-gcc is that this option is
994 remembered by the config.status script for its --recheck
997 --prefix, --exec-prefix: If you want to install the binaries and the
999 you can pass the option --prefix=DIRECTORY; the interpreter
1002 --exec-prefix=DIRECTORY (as well) this overrides the
1003 installation prefix for architecture-dependent files (like the
1004 interpreter binary). Note that --prefix=DIRECTORY also
1009 than re-running the configure script if you change your mind
1010 about the install prefix.
1012 --with-readline: This option is no longer supported. GNU
1015 --with-threads: On most Unix systems, you can now use multiple
1017 disable this, pass --with-threads=no. If the library required
1019 --with-thread=DIRECTORY. IMPORTANT: run "make clean" after
1022 --with-dec-threads instead.
1024 --with-sgi-dl: On SGI IRIX 4, dynamic loading of extension modules is
1026 ftp'able from ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dl-1.6.tar.Z.
1028 library) by passing --with-sgi-dl=DIRECTORY where DIRECTORY
1033 --with-dl-dld: Dynamic loading of modules is rumored to be supported
1037 (ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dl-dld-1.1.tar.Z) and an
1040 ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/dynload/dld-3.2.3.tar.Z). To
1043 --with-dl-dld=DL_DIRECTORY,DLD_DIRECTORY where DL_DIRECTORY is
1049 --with-libm, --with-libc: It is possible to specify alternative
1050 versions for the Math library (default -lm) and the C library
1052 --with-libm=STRING and --with-libc=STRING, respectively. For
1053 example, if your system requires that you pass -lc_s to the C
1055 --with-libc=-lc_s. These libraries are passed after all other
1058 --with-libs='libs': Add 'libs' to the LIBS that the python interpreter
1061 --with-cxx-main=<compiler>: If you plan to use C++ extension modules,
1062 then -- on some platforms -- you need to compile python's main()
1066 runtime library of <compiler>. (The default is --without-cxx-main.)
1072 --without-cxx-main on those platforms because a mismatch
1080 line to any string of non-zero length, then configure won't
1082 --with-cxx-main=<compiler>, then configure sets CXX=<compiler>.
1092 --with-pydebug: Enable additional debugging code to help track down
1096 --with(out)-universal-newlines: enable reading of text files with
1098 any of \r, \n or \r\n is acceptable as end-of-line character.
1103 --with-tsc: Profile using the Pentium timestamping counter (TSC).
1105 --with-system-ffi: Build the _ctypes extension module using an ffi
1108 --with-dbmliborder=db1:db2:...: Specify the order that backends for the
1113 -------------------------------------------------------------
1123 actual sources. (On SGI systems, use "smake -J1" instead of "make" if
1124 you use VPATH -- don't try gnumake.)
1139 directory if it finds no Setup file there. This means that you can
1153 Building on non-UNIX systems
1154 ----------------------------
1160 For other non-Unix Windows compilers, in particular MS VC++ 6.0 and
1166 (http://www.python.org/sigs/pythonmac-sig/, or send email to
1167 pythonmac-sig-request@python.org).
1170 platforms -- see http://www.python.org/.
1172 To port Python to a new non-UNIX system, you will have to fake the
1184 release-build performance). The Unix, Windows and Mac builds already
1192 ----------
1195 Misc/python-mode.el. Originally written by the famous Tim Peters, it is now
1197 various other contributed Python-related Emacs goodies, is online at
1198 http://launchpad.net/python-mode/.
1202 -------
1214 lives in Lib/lib-tk/Tkinter.py, and a C module called "_tkinter"
1217 Python Tkinter module -- only the latter imports the C _tkinter
1219 and linked into the Python interpreter -- the setup.py script does
1221 set correctly -- normal installation takes care of this.
1225 ----------------------
1239 Modules/ Implementation of most built-in modules
1240 Objects/ Implementation of most built-in object types
1244 Python/ The byte-compiler and interpreter
1251 install-sh Shell script used to install files
1267 reflog.txt Output from running the regression suite with the -R flag
1272 ------------------
1275 --Guido van Rossum (home page: http://www.python.org/~guido/)