1 //===- llvm/MC/MCAsmBackend.h - MC Asm Backend ------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #ifndef LLVM_MC_MCASMBACKEND_H
11 #define LLVM_MC_MCASMBACKEND_H
12 
13 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
14 #include "llvm/ADT/Optional.h"
15 #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
16 #include "llvm/MC/MCDirectives.h"
17 #include "llvm/MC/MCFixup.h"
18 #include "llvm/MC/MCFragment.h"
19 #include "llvm/Support/Endian.h"
20 #include <cstdint>
21 #include <memory>
22 
23 namespace llvm {
24 
25 class MCAsmLayout;
26 class MCAssembler;
27 class MCCFIInstruction;
28 class MCCodePadder;
29 struct MCFixupKindInfo;
30 class MCFragment;
31 class MCInst;
32 class MCObjectStreamer;
33 class MCObjectTargetWriter;
34 class MCObjectWriter;
35 struct MCCodePaddingContext;
36 class MCRelaxableFragment;
37 class MCSubtargetInfo;
38 class MCValue;
39 class raw_pwrite_stream;
40 
41 /// Generic interface to target specific assembler backends.
42 class MCAsmBackend {
43   std::unique_ptr<MCCodePadder> CodePadder;
44 
45 protected: // Can only create subclasses.
46   MCAsmBackend(support::endianness Endian);
47 
48 public:
49   MCAsmBackend(const MCAsmBackend &) = delete;
50   MCAsmBackend &operator=(const MCAsmBackend &) = delete;
51   virtual ~MCAsmBackend();
52 
53   const support::endianness Endian;
54 
55   /// lifetime management
reset()56   virtual void reset() {}
57 
58   /// Create a new MCObjectWriter instance for use by the assembler backend to
59   /// emit the final object file.
60   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
61   createObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS) const;
62 
63   /// Create an MCObjectWriter that writes two object files: a .o file which is
64   /// linked into the final program and a .dwo file which is used by debuggers.
65   /// This function is only supported with ELF targets.
66   std::unique_ptr<MCObjectWriter>
67   createDwoObjectWriter(raw_pwrite_stream &OS, raw_pwrite_stream &DwoOS) const;
68 
69   virtual std::unique_ptr<MCObjectTargetWriter>
70   createObjectTargetWriter() const = 0;
71 
72   /// \name Target Fixup Interfaces
73   /// @{
74 
75   /// Get the number of target specific fixup kinds.
76   virtual unsigned getNumFixupKinds() const = 0;
77 
78   /// Map a relocation name used in .reloc to a fixup kind.
79   virtual Optional<MCFixupKind> getFixupKind(StringRef Name) const;
80 
81   /// Get information on a fixup kind.
82   virtual const MCFixupKindInfo &getFixupKindInfo(MCFixupKind Kind) const;
83 
84   /// Hook to check if a relocation is needed for some target specific reason.
shouldForceRelocation(const MCAssembler & Asm,const MCFixup & Fixup,const MCValue & Target)85   virtual bool shouldForceRelocation(const MCAssembler &Asm,
86                                      const MCFixup &Fixup,
87                                      const MCValue &Target) {
88     return false;
89   }
90 
91   /// Apply the \p Value for given \p Fixup into the provided data fragment, at
92   /// the offset specified by the fixup and following the fixup kind as
93   /// appropriate. Errors (such as an out of range fixup value) should be
94   /// reported via \p Ctx.
95   /// The  \p STI is present only for fragments of type MCRelaxableFragment and
96   /// MCDataFragment with hasInstructions() == true.
97   virtual void applyFixup(const MCAssembler &Asm, const MCFixup &Fixup,
98                           const MCValue &Target, MutableArrayRef<char> Data,
99                           uint64_t Value, bool IsResolved,
100                           const MCSubtargetInfo *STI) const = 0;
101 
102   /// Check whether the given target requires emitting differences of two
103   /// symbols as a set of relocations.
requiresDiffExpressionRelocations()104   virtual bool requiresDiffExpressionRelocations() const { return false; }
105 
106   /// @}
107 
108   /// \name Target Relaxation Interfaces
109   /// @{
110 
111   /// Check whether the given instruction may need relaxation.
112   ///
113   /// \param Inst - The instruction to test.
114   /// \param STI - The MCSubtargetInfo in effect when the instruction was
115   /// encoded.
116   virtual bool mayNeedRelaxation(const MCInst &Inst,
117                                  const MCSubtargetInfo &STI) const = 0;
118 
119   /// Target specific predicate for whether a given fixup requires the
120   /// associated instruction to be relaxed.
121   virtual bool fixupNeedsRelaxationAdvanced(const MCFixup &Fixup, bool Resolved,
122                                             uint64_t Value,
123                                             const MCRelaxableFragment *DF,
124                                             const MCAsmLayout &Layout,
125                                             const bool WasForced) const;
126 
127   /// Simple predicate for targets where !Resolved implies requiring relaxation
128   virtual bool fixupNeedsRelaxation(const MCFixup &Fixup, uint64_t Value,
129                                     const MCRelaxableFragment *DF,
130                                     const MCAsmLayout &Layout) const = 0;
131 
132   /// Relax the instruction in the given fragment to the next wider instruction.
133   ///
134   /// \param Inst The instruction to relax, which may be the same as the
135   /// output.
136   /// \param STI the subtarget information for the associated instruction.
137   /// \param [out] Res On return, the relaxed instruction.
138   virtual void relaxInstruction(const MCInst &Inst, const MCSubtargetInfo &STI,
139                                 MCInst &Res) const = 0;
140 
141   /// @}
142 
143   /// Returns the minimum size of a nop in bytes on this target. The assembler
144   /// will use this to emit excess padding in situations where the padding
145   /// required for simple alignment would be less than the minimum nop size.
146   ///
getMinimumNopSize()147   virtual unsigned getMinimumNopSize() const { return 1; }
148 
149   /// Write an (optimal) nop sequence of Count bytes to the given output. If the
150   /// target cannot generate such a sequence, it should return an error.
151   ///
152   /// \return - True on success.
153   virtual bool writeNopData(raw_ostream &OS, uint64_t Count) const = 0;
154 
155   /// Give backend an opportunity to finish layout after relaxation
finishLayout(MCAssembler const & Asm,MCAsmLayout & Layout)156   virtual void finishLayout(MCAssembler const &Asm,
157                             MCAsmLayout &Layout) const {}
158 
159   /// Handle any target-specific assembler flags. By default, do nothing.
handleAssemblerFlag(MCAssemblerFlag Flag)160   virtual void handleAssemblerFlag(MCAssemblerFlag Flag) {}
161 
162   /// Generate the compact unwind encoding for the CFI instructions.
163   virtual uint32_t
generateCompactUnwindEncoding(ArrayRef<MCCFIInstruction>)164       generateCompactUnwindEncoding(ArrayRef<MCCFIInstruction>) const {
165     return 0;
166   }
167 
168   /// Check whether a given symbol has been flagged with MICROMIPS flag.
isMicroMips(const MCSymbol * Sym)169   virtual bool isMicroMips(const MCSymbol *Sym) const {
170     return false;
171   }
172 
173   /// Handles all target related code padding when starting to write a new
174   /// basic block to an object file.
175   ///
176   /// \param OS The streamer used for writing the padding data and function.
177   /// \param Context the context of the padding, Embeds the basic block's
178   /// parameters.
179   void handleCodePaddingBasicBlockStart(MCObjectStreamer *OS,
180                                         const MCCodePaddingContext &Context);
181   /// Handles all target related code padding after writing a block to an object
182   /// file.
183   ///
184   /// \param Context the context of the padding, Embeds the basic block's
185   /// parameters.
186   void handleCodePaddingBasicBlockEnd(const MCCodePaddingContext &Context);
187   /// Handles all target related code padding before writing a new instruction
188   /// to an object file.
189   ///
190   /// \param Inst the instruction.
191   void handleCodePaddingInstructionBegin(const MCInst &Inst);
192   /// Handles all target related code padding after writing an instruction to an
193   /// object file.
194   ///
195   /// \param Inst the instruction.
196   void handleCodePaddingInstructionEnd(const MCInst &Inst);
197 
198   /// Relaxes a fragment (changes the size of the padding) according to target
199   /// requirements. The new size computation is done w.r.t a layout.
200   ///
201   /// \param PF The fragment to relax.
202   /// \param Layout Code layout information.
203   ///
204   /// \returns true iff any relaxation occurred.
205   bool relaxFragment(MCPaddingFragment *PF, MCAsmLayout &Layout);
206 };
207 
208 } // end namespace llvm
209 
210 #endif // LLVM_MC_MCASMBACKEND_H
211