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The labeling process scans the image, pixel-by-pixel from top-left to bottom-right, in order to identify connected pixel regions, i.e. regions of adjacent pixels which share the same set of intensity values. For example, let's find the objects in this image:</p> 85<ul> 86 <a href="../images/objects.gif"><img src="../images/objects.gif" width="256" height="171" class="image-slices" alt="purse" /></a> 87</ul> 88<p>To identify the objects in this image, use this command:</p> 89<pre class="highlight"><code>magick objects.gif -connected-components 4 -auto-level -depth 8 objects.png</code></pre> 90<p>The detected objects are uniquely labeled. Use auto leveling to visualize the detected objects:</p> 91<ul> 92 <a href="../images/objects.png"><img src="../images/objects.png" width="256" height="171" class="image-slices" alt="Objects" /></a> 93</ul> 94<p>Object statistics is useful to review. To display them, use this command:</p> 95<pre class="highlight"><code>magick objects.gif -define connected-components:verbose=true -connected-components 4 objects.png</code></pre> 96<p>Five objects were detected in the source image with these statistics:</p> 97<pre class="highlight"><code>Objects (id: bounding-box centroid area mean-color): 98 0: 256x171+0+0 119.2,80.8 33117 srgb(0,0,0) 99 2: 120x135+104+18 159.5,106.5 8690 srgb(255,255,255) 100 3: 50x36+129+44 154.2,63.4 1529 srgb(0,0,0) 101 4: 21x23+0+45 8.8,55.9 409 srgb(255,255,255) 102 1: 4x10+252+0 253.9,4.1 31 srgb(255,255,255) 103</code></pre> 104<p>Use <code>-connected-components 8</code> to visit 8 neighbors rather than 4. By default, neighbor colors must be exact to be part of a unique object. Use the <a href="../www/command-line-options.html#fuzz">-fuzz</a> option to include pixels as part of an object that are <var>close</var> in color.</p> 105<p>You might want to eliminate small objects by merging them with their larger neighbors. If so, use this command:</p> 106<pre class="highlight"><code>magick objects.gif -define connected-components:area-threshold=410 -connected-components 4 \ 107 -auto-level objects.jpg</code></pre> 108<p>Here are the expected results. Notice, how the small objects are now merged with the background.</p> 109<ul> 110 <a href="../images/objects.jpg"><img src="../images/objects.jpg" width="256" height="171" class="image-slices" alt="Objects" /></a> 111</ul> 112<p>Notice how two of the objects were merged leaving three remaining objects:</p> 113<pre class="highlight"><code>Objects (id: bounding-box centroid area mean-color): 114 0: 256x171+0+0 118.0,80.4 33557 srgb(0,0,0) 115 2: 120x135+104+18 159.5,106.5 8690 srgb(255,255,255) 116 3: 50x36+129+44 154.2,63.4 1529 srgb(0,0,0)</code></pre> 117<p>By default, the labeled image is grayscale. You can instead replace the object color in the labeled image with the mean-color from the source image. Simply add this setting, <code>-define connected-components:mean-color=true</code>, to your command line.</p> 118<p>You may want to remove certain objects by making them transparent. Use <code>-define connected-components:remove=<em>list-of-ids</em></code> (e.g. -define connected-components:remove=2,4-5). Or use <code>-define connected-components:keep=<em>list-of-ids</em></code> to keep these objects and make all others transparent.</p> 119<p>Objects in your image may look homogeneous but have slightly different color values. By default, only pixels that match exactly are considered as part of a particular object. For slight variations of color in an object, use <code>-fuzz</code>. For example,</p> 120<pre class="highlight"><code>magick star-map.png -fuzz 5% -define connected-components:verbose=true \ 121 -define connected-components:mean-color=true -connected-components 4 stars.gif</code></pre> 122</div> 123 </div> 124 </main><!-- /.container --> 125 <footer class="magick-footer"> 126 <p><a href="../www/security-policy.html">Security</a> • 127 <a href="../www/architecture.html">Architecture</a> • 128 <a href="../www/links.html">Related</a> • 129 <a href="../www/sitemap.html">Sitemap</a> 130 131 <a href="connected-components.html#"><img class="d-inline" id="wand" alt="And Now a Touch of Magick" width="16" height="16" src="../images/wand.ico"/></a> 132 133 <a href="http://pgp.mit.edu/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x89AB63D48277377A">Public Key</a> • 134 <a href="../www/support.html">Donate</a> • 135 <a href="../www/https://imagemagick.org/script/contact.php">Contact Us</a> 136 <br/> 137 <small>© 1999-2019 ImageMagick Studio LLC</small></p> 138 </footer> 139 140 <!-- Javascript assets --> 141 <script src="assets/magick.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> 142 <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="https://localhost/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"><\/script>')</script> 143</body> 144</html> 145