1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 package android.os;
18 
19 import android.annotation.NonNull;
20 import android.annotation.Nullable;
21 import android.app.AppGlobals;
22 import android.compat.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
23 import android.content.Context;
24 import android.util.Log;
25 
26 import com.android.internal.util.FastPrintWriter;
27 import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;
28 import com.android.internal.util.TypedProperties;
29 
30 import dalvik.system.VMDebug;
31 
32 import org.apache.harmony.dalvik.ddmc.Chunk;
33 import org.apache.harmony.dalvik.ddmc.ChunkHandler;
34 import org.apache.harmony.dalvik.ddmc.DdmServer;
35 
36 import java.io.File;
37 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
38 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
39 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
40 import java.io.FileReader;
41 import java.io.IOException;
42 import java.io.PrintWriter;
43 import java.io.Reader;
44 import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
45 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
46 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
47 import java.lang.annotation.Target;
48 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
49 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
50 import java.util.HashMap;
51 import java.util.Map;
52 
53 
54 /**
55  * Provides various debugging methods for Android applications, including
56  * tracing and allocation counts.
57  * <p><strong>Logging Trace Files</strong></p>
58  * <p>Debug can create log files that give details about an application, such as
59  * a call stack and start/stop times for any running methods. See <a
60  * href="{@docRoot}studio/profile/traceview.html">Inspect Trace Logs with
61  * Traceview</a> for information about reading trace files. To start logging
62  * trace files, call one of the startMethodTracing() methods. To stop tracing,
63  * call {@link #stopMethodTracing()}.
64  */
65 public final class Debug
66 {
67     private static final String TAG = "Debug";
68 
69     /**
70      * Flags for startMethodTracing().  These can be ORed together.
71      *
72      * TRACE_COUNT_ALLOCS adds the results from startAllocCounting to the
73      * trace key file.
74      *
75      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
76      */
77     @Deprecated
78     public static final int TRACE_COUNT_ALLOCS  = VMDebug.TRACE_COUNT_ALLOCS;
79 
80     /**
81      * Flags for printLoadedClasses().  Default behavior is to only show
82      * the class name.
83      */
84     public static final int SHOW_FULL_DETAIL    = 1;
85     public static final int SHOW_CLASSLOADER    = (1 << 1);
86     public static final int SHOW_INITIALIZED    = (1 << 2);
87 
88     // set/cleared by waitForDebugger()
89     private static volatile boolean mWaiting = false;
90 
91     @UnsupportedAppUsage
Debug()92     private Debug() {}
93 
94     /*
95      * How long to wait for the debugger to finish sending requests.  I've
96      * seen this hit 800msec on the device while waiting for a response
97      * to travel over USB and get processed, so we take that and add
98      * half a second.
99      */
100     private static final int MIN_DEBUGGER_IDLE = 1300;      // msec
101 
102     /* how long to sleep when polling for activity */
103     private static final int SPIN_DELAY = 200;              // msec
104 
105     /**
106      * Default trace file path and file
107      */
108     private static final String DEFAULT_TRACE_BODY = "dmtrace";
109     private static final String DEFAULT_TRACE_EXTENSION = ".trace";
110 
111     /**
112      * This class is used to retrieved various statistics about the memory mappings for this
113      * process. The returned info is broken down by dalvik, native, and other. All results are in kB.
114      */
115     public static class MemoryInfo implements Parcelable {
116         /** The proportional set size for dalvik heap.  (Doesn't include other Dalvik overhead.) */
117         public int dalvikPss;
118         /** The proportional set size that is swappable for dalvik heap. */
119         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
120         @UnsupportedAppUsage
121         public int dalvikSwappablePss;
122         /** @hide The resident set size for dalvik heap.  (Without other Dalvik overhead.) */
123         @UnsupportedAppUsage
124         public int dalvikRss;
125         /** The private dirty pages used by dalvik heap. */
126         public int dalvikPrivateDirty;
127         /** The shared dirty pages used by dalvik heap. */
128         public int dalvikSharedDirty;
129         /** The private clean pages used by dalvik heap. */
130         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
131         @UnsupportedAppUsage
132         public int dalvikPrivateClean;
133         /** The shared clean pages used by dalvik heap. */
134         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
135         @UnsupportedAppUsage
136         public int dalvikSharedClean;
137         /** The dirty dalvik pages that have been swapped out. */
138         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
139         @UnsupportedAppUsage
140         public int dalvikSwappedOut;
141         /** The dirty dalvik pages that have been swapped out, proportional. */
142         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
143         @UnsupportedAppUsage
144         public int dalvikSwappedOutPss;
145 
146         /** The proportional set size for the native heap. */
147         public int nativePss;
148         /** The proportional set size that is swappable for the native heap. */
149         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
150         @UnsupportedAppUsage
151         public int nativeSwappablePss;
152         /** @hide The resident set size for the native heap. */
153         @UnsupportedAppUsage
154         public int nativeRss;
155         /** The private dirty pages used by the native heap. */
156         public int nativePrivateDirty;
157         /** The shared dirty pages used by the native heap. */
158         public int nativeSharedDirty;
159         /** The private clean pages used by the native heap. */
160         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
161         @UnsupportedAppUsage
162         public int nativePrivateClean;
163         /** The shared clean pages used by the native heap. */
164         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
165         @UnsupportedAppUsage
166         public int nativeSharedClean;
167         /** The dirty native pages that have been swapped out. */
168         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
169         @UnsupportedAppUsage
170         public int nativeSwappedOut;
171         /** The dirty native pages that have been swapped out, proportional. */
172         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
173         @UnsupportedAppUsage
174         public int nativeSwappedOutPss;
175 
176         /** The proportional set size for everything else. */
177         public int otherPss;
178         /** The proportional set size that is swappable for everything else. */
179         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
180         @UnsupportedAppUsage
181         public int otherSwappablePss;
182         /** @hide The resident set size for everything else. */
183         @UnsupportedAppUsage
184         public int otherRss;
185         /** The private dirty pages used by everything else. */
186         public int otherPrivateDirty;
187         /** The shared dirty pages used by everything else. */
188         public int otherSharedDirty;
189         /** The private clean pages used by everything else. */
190         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
191         @UnsupportedAppUsage
192         public int otherPrivateClean;
193         /** The shared clean pages used by everything else. */
194         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
195         @UnsupportedAppUsage
196         public int otherSharedClean;
197         /** The dirty pages used by anyting else that have been swapped out. */
198         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
199         @UnsupportedAppUsage
200         public int otherSwappedOut;
201         /** The dirty pages used by anyting else that have been swapped out, proportional. */
202         /** @hide We may want to expose this, eventually. */
203         @UnsupportedAppUsage
204         public int otherSwappedOutPss;
205 
206         /** Whether the kernel reports proportional swap usage */
207         /** @hide */
208         @UnsupportedAppUsage
209         public boolean hasSwappedOutPss;
210 
211         /** @hide */
212         public static final int HEAP_UNKNOWN = 0;
213         /** @hide */
214         public static final int HEAP_DALVIK = 1;
215         /** @hide */
216         public static final int HEAP_NATIVE = 2;
217 
218         /** @hide */
219         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER = 0;
220         /** @hide */
221         public static final int OTHER_STACK = 1;
222         /** @hide */
223         public static final int OTHER_CURSOR = 2;
224         /** @hide */
225         public static final int OTHER_ASHMEM = 3;
226         /** @hide */
227         public static final int OTHER_GL_DEV = 4;
228         /** @hide */
229         public static final int OTHER_UNKNOWN_DEV = 5;
230         /** @hide */
231         public static final int OTHER_SO = 6;
232         /** @hide */
233         public static final int OTHER_JAR = 7;
234         /** @hide */
235         public static final int OTHER_APK = 8;
236         /** @hide */
237         public static final int OTHER_TTF = 9;
238         /** @hide */
239         public static final int OTHER_DEX = 10;
240         /** @hide */
241         public static final int OTHER_OAT = 11;
242         /** @hide */
243         public static final int OTHER_ART = 12;
244         /** @hide */
245         public static final int OTHER_UNKNOWN_MAP = 13;
246         /** @hide */
247         public static final int OTHER_GRAPHICS = 14;
248         /** @hide */
249         public static final int OTHER_GL = 15;
250         /** @hide */
251         public static final int OTHER_OTHER_MEMTRACK = 16;
252 
253         // Needs to be declared here for the DVK_STAT ranges below.
254         /** @hide */
255         @UnsupportedAppUsage
256         public static final int NUM_OTHER_STATS = 17;
257 
258         // Dalvik subsections.
259         /** @hide */
260         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_NORMAL = 17;
261         /** @hide */
262         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_LARGE = 18;
263         /** @hide */
264         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_ZYGOTE = 19;
265         /** @hide */
266         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_NON_MOVING = 20;
267         // Section begins and ends for dumpsys, relative to the DALVIK categories.
268         /** @hide */
269         public static final int OTHER_DVK_STAT_DALVIK_START =
270                 OTHER_DALVIK_NORMAL - NUM_OTHER_STATS;
271         /** @hide */
272         public static final int OTHER_DVK_STAT_DALVIK_END =
273                 OTHER_DALVIK_NON_MOVING - NUM_OTHER_STATS;
274 
275         // Dalvik Other subsections.
276         /** @hide */
277         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_LINEARALLOC = 21;
278         /** @hide */
279         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_ACCOUNTING = 22;
280         /** @hide */
281         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_ZYGOTE_CODE_CACHE = 23;
282         /** @hide */
283         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_APP_CODE_CACHE = 24;
284         /** @hide */
285         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_COMPILER_METADATA = 25;
286         /** @hide */
287         public static final int OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_INDIRECT_REFERENCE_TABLE = 26;
288         /** @hide */
289         public static final int OTHER_DVK_STAT_DALVIK_OTHER_START =
290                 OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_LINEARALLOC - NUM_OTHER_STATS;
291         /** @hide */
292         public static final int OTHER_DVK_STAT_DALVIK_OTHER_END =
293                 OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_INDIRECT_REFERENCE_TABLE - NUM_OTHER_STATS;
294 
295         // Dex subsections (Boot vdex, App dex, and App vdex).
296         /** @hide */
297         public static final int OTHER_DEX_BOOT_VDEX = 27;
298         /** @hide */
299         public static final int OTHER_DEX_APP_DEX = 28;
300         /** @hide */
301         public static final int OTHER_DEX_APP_VDEX = 29;
302         /** @hide */
303         public static final int OTHER_DVK_STAT_DEX_START = OTHER_DEX_BOOT_VDEX - NUM_OTHER_STATS;
304         /** @hide */
305         public static final int OTHER_DVK_STAT_DEX_END = OTHER_DEX_APP_VDEX - NUM_OTHER_STATS;
306 
307         // Art subsections (App image, boot image).
308         /** @hide */
309         public static final int OTHER_ART_APP = 30;
310         /** @hide */
311         public static final int OTHER_ART_BOOT = 31;
312         /** @hide */
313         public static final int OTHER_DVK_STAT_ART_START = OTHER_ART_APP - NUM_OTHER_STATS;
314         /** @hide */
315         public static final int OTHER_DVK_STAT_ART_END = OTHER_ART_BOOT - NUM_OTHER_STATS;
316 
317         /** @hide */
318         @UnsupportedAppUsage
319         public static final int NUM_DVK_STATS = OTHER_ART_BOOT + 1 - OTHER_DALVIK_NORMAL;
320 
321         /** @hide */
322         public static final int NUM_CATEGORIES = 9;
323 
324         /** @hide */
325         public static final int OFFSET_PSS = 0;
326         /** @hide */
327         public static final int OFFSET_SWAPPABLE_PSS = 1;
328         /** @hide */
329         public static final int OFFSET_RSS = 2;
330         /** @hide */
331         public static final int OFFSET_PRIVATE_DIRTY = 3;
332         /** @hide */
333         public static final int OFFSET_SHARED_DIRTY = 4;
334         /** @hide */
335         public static final int OFFSET_PRIVATE_CLEAN = 5;
336         /** @hide */
337         public static final int OFFSET_SHARED_CLEAN = 6;
338         /** @hide */
339         public static final int OFFSET_SWAPPED_OUT = 7;
340         /** @hide */
341         public static final int OFFSET_SWAPPED_OUT_PSS = 8;
342 
343         @UnsupportedAppUsage
344         private int[] otherStats = new int[(NUM_OTHER_STATS+NUM_DVK_STATS)*NUM_CATEGORIES];
345 
MemoryInfo()346         public MemoryInfo() {
347         }
348 
349         /**
350          * @hide Copy contents from another object.
351          */
set(MemoryInfo other)352         public void set(MemoryInfo other) {
353             dalvikPss = other.dalvikPss;
354             dalvikSwappablePss = other.dalvikSwappablePss;
355             dalvikRss = other.dalvikRss;
356             dalvikPrivateDirty = other.dalvikPrivateDirty;
357             dalvikSharedDirty = other.dalvikSharedDirty;
358             dalvikPrivateClean = other.dalvikPrivateClean;
359             dalvikSharedClean = other.dalvikSharedClean;
360             dalvikSwappedOut = other.dalvikSwappedOut;
361             dalvikSwappedOutPss = other.dalvikSwappedOutPss;
362 
363             nativePss = other.nativePss;
364             nativeSwappablePss = other.nativeSwappablePss;
365             nativeRss = other.nativeRss;
366             nativePrivateDirty = other.nativePrivateDirty;
367             nativeSharedDirty = other.nativeSharedDirty;
368             nativePrivateClean = other.nativePrivateClean;
369             nativeSharedClean = other.nativeSharedClean;
370             nativeSwappedOut = other.nativeSwappedOut;
371             nativeSwappedOutPss = other.nativeSwappedOutPss;
372 
373             otherPss = other.otherPss;
374             otherSwappablePss = other.otherSwappablePss;
375             otherRss = other.otherRss;
376             otherPrivateDirty = other.otherPrivateDirty;
377             otherSharedDirty = other.otherSharedDirty;
378             otherPrivateClean = other.otherPrivateClean;
379             otherSharedClean = other.otherSharedClean;
380             otherSwappedOut = other.otherSwappedOut;
381             otherSwappedOutPss = other.otherSwappedOutPss;
382 
383             hasSwappedOutPss = other.hasSwappedOutPss;
384 
385             System.arraycopy(other.otherStats, 0, otherStats, 0, otherStats.length);
386         }
387 
388         /**
389          * Return total PSS memory usage in kB.
390          */
getTotalPss()391         public int getTotalPss() {
392             return dalvikPss + nativePss + otherPss + getTotalSwappedOutPss();
393         }
394 
395         /**
396          * @hide Return total PSS memory usage in kB.
397          */
398         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getTotalUss()399         public int getTotalUss() {
400             return dalvikPrivateClean + dalvikPrivateDirty
401                     + nativePrivateClean + nativePrivateDirty
402                     + otherPrivateClean + otherPrivateDirty;
403         }
404 
405         /**
406          * Return total PSS memory usage in kB mapping a file of one of the following extension:
407          * .so, .jar, .apk, .ttf, .dex, .odex, .oat, .art .
408          */
getTotalSwappablePss()409         public int getTotalSwappablePss() {
410             return dalvikSwappablePss + nativeSwappablePss + otherSwappablePss;
411         }
412 
413         /**
414          * @hide Return total RSS memory usage in kB.
415          */
getTotalRss()416         public int getTotalRss() {
417             return dalvikRss + nativeRss + otherRss;
418         }
419 
420         /**
421          * Return total private dirty memory usage in kB.
422          */
getTotalPrivateDirty()423         public int getTotalPrivateDirty() {
424             return dalvikPrivateDirty + nativePrivateDirty + otherPrivateDirty;
425         }
426 
427         /**
428          * Return total shared dirty memory usage in kB.
429          */
getTotalSharedDirty()430         public int getTotalSharedDirty() {
431             return dalvikSharedDirty + nativeSharedDirty + otherSharedDirty;
432         }
433 
434         /**
435          * Return total shared clean memory usage in kB.
436          */
getTotalPrivateClean()437         public int getTotalPrivateClean() {
438             return dalvikPrivateClean + nativePrivateClean + otherPrivateClean;
439         }
440 
441         /**
442          * Return total shared clean memory usage in kB.
443          */
getTotalSharedClean()444         public int getTotalSharedClean() {
445             return dalvikSharedClean + nativeSharedClean + otherSharedClean;
446         }
447 
448         /**
449          * Return total swapped out memory in kB.
450          * @hide
451          */
getTotalSwappedOut()452         public int getTotalSwappedOut() {
453             return dalvikSwappedOut + nativeSwappedOut + otherSwappedOut;
454         }
455 
456         /**
457          * Return total swapped out memory in kB, proportional.
458          * @hide
459          */
getTotalSwappedOutPss()460         public int getTotalSwappedOutPss() {
461             return dalvikSwappedOutPss + nativeSwappedOutPss + otherSwappedOutPss;
462         }
463 
464         /** @hide */
465         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getOtherPss(int which)466         public int getOtherPss(int which) {
467             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_PSS];
468         }
469 
470         /** @hide */
getOtherSwappablePss(int which)471         public int getOtherSwappablePss(int which) {
472             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_SWAPPABLE_PSS];
473         }
474 
475         /** @hide */
getOtherRss(int which)476         public int getOtherRss(int which) {
477             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_RSS];
478         }
479 
480         /** @hide */
481         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getOtherPrivateDirty(int which)482         public int getOtherPrivateDirty(int which) {
483             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_PRIVATE_DIRTY];
484         }
485 
486         /** @hide */
487         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getOtherSharedDirty(int which)488         public int getOtherSharedDirty(int which) {
489             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_SHARED_DIRTY];
490         }
491 
492         /** @hide */
getOtherPrivateClean(int which)493         public int getOtherPrivateClean(int which) {
494             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_PRIVATE_CLEAN];
495         }
496 
497         /** @hide */
498         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getOtherPrivate(int which)499         public int getOtherPrivate(int which) {
500           return getOtherPrivateClean(which) + getOtherPrivateDirty(which);
501         }
502 
503         /** @hide */
getOtherSharedClean(int which)504         public int getOtherSharedClean(int which) {
505             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_SHARED_CLEAN];
506         }
507 
508         /** @hide */
getOtherSwappedOut(int which)509         public int getOtherSwappedOut(int which) {
510             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_SWAPPED_OUT];
511         }
512 
513         /** @hide */
getOtherSwappedOutPss(int which)514         public int getOtherSwappedOutPss(int which) {
515             return otherStats[which * NUM_CATEGORIES + OFFSET_SWAPPED_OUT_PSS];
516         }
517 
518         /** @hide */
519         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getOtherLabel(int which)520         public static String getOtherLabel(int which) {
521             switch (which) {
522                 case OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER: return "Dalvik Other";
523                 case OTHER_STACK: return "Stack";
524                 case OTHER_CURSOR: return "Cursor";
525                 case OTHER_ASHMEM: return "Ashmem";
526                 case OTHER_GL_DEV: return "Gfx dev";
527                 case OTHER_UNKNOWN_DEV: return "Other dev";
528                 case OTHER_SO: return ".so mmap";
529                 case OTHER_JAR: return ".jar mmap";
530                 case OTHER_APK: return ".apk mmap";
531                 case OTHER_TTF: return ".ttf mmap";
532                 case OTHER_DEX: return ".dex mmap";
533                 case OTHER_OAT: return ".oat mmap";
534                 case OTHER_ART: return ".art mmap";
535                 case OTHER_UNKNOWN_MAP: return "Other mmap";
536                 case OTHER_GRAPHICS: return "EGL mtrack";
537                 case OTHER_GL: return "GL mtrack";
538                 case OTHER_OTHER_MEMTRACK: return "Other mtrack";
539                 case OTHER_DALVIK_NORMAL: return ".Heap";
540                 case OTHER_DALVIK_LARGE: return ".LOS";
541                 case OTHER_DALVIK_ZYGOTE: return ".Zygote";
542                 case OTHER_DALVIK_NON_MOVING: return ".NonMoving";
543                 case OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_LINEARALLOC: return ".LinearAlloc";
544                 case OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_ACCOUNTING: return ".GC";
545                 case OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_ZYGOTE_CODE_CACHE: return ".ZygoteJIT";
546                 case OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_APP_CODE_CACHE: return ".AppJIT";
547                 case OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_COMPILER_METADATA: return ".CompilerMetadata";
548                 case OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_INDIRECT_REFERENCE_TABLE: return ".IndirectRef";
549                 case OTHER_DEX_BOOT_VDEX: return ".Boot vdex";
550                 case OTHER_DEX_APP_DEX: return ".App dex";
551                 case OTHER_DEX_APP_VDEX: return ".App vdex";
552                 case OTHER_ART_APP: return ".App art";
553                 case OTHER_ART_BOOT: return ".Boot art";
554                 default: return "????";
555             }
556         }
557 
558       /**
559        * Returns the value of a particular memory statistic or {@code null} if no
560        * such memory statistic exists.
561        *
562        * <p>The following table lists the memory statistics that are supported.
563        * Note that memory statistics may be added or removed in a future API level.</p>
564        *
565        * <table>
566        *     <thead>
567        *         <tr>
568        *             <th>Memory statistic name</th>
569        *             <th>Meaning</th>
570        *             <th>Example</th>
571        *             <th>Supported (API Levels)</th>
572        *         </tr>
573        *     </thead>
574        *     <tbody>
575        *         <tr>
576        *             <td>summary.java-heap</td>
577        *             <td>The private Java Heap usage in kB. This corresponds to the Java Heap field
578        *                 in the App Summary section output by dumpsys meminfo.</td>
579        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
580        *             <td>23</td>
581        *         </tr>
582        *         <tr>
583        *             <td>summary.native-heap</td>
584        *             <td>The private Native Heap usage in kB. This corresponds to the Native Heap
585        *                 field in the App Summary section output by dumpsys meminfo.</td>
586        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
587        *             <td>23</td>
588        *         </tr>
589        *         <tr>
590        *             <td>summary.code</td>
591        *             <td>The memory usage for static code and resources in kB. This corresponds to
592        *                 the Code field in the App Summary section output by dumpsys meminfo.</td>
593        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
594        *             <td>23</td>
595        *         </tr>
596        *         <tr>
597        *             <td>summary.stack</td>
598        *             <td>The stack usage in kB. This corresponds to the Stack field in the
599        *                 App Summary section output by dumpsys meminfo.</td>
600        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
601        *             <td>23</td>
602        *         </tr>
603        *         <tr>
604        *             <td>summary.graphics</td>
605        *             <td>The graphics usage in kB. This corresponds to the Graphics field in the
606        *                 App Summary section output by dumpsys meminfo.</td>
607        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
608        *             <td>23</td>
609        *         </tr>
610        *         <tr>
611        *             <td>summary.private-other</td>
612        *             <td>Other private memory usage in kB. This corresponds to the Private Other
613        *                 field output in the App Summary section by dumpsys meminfo.</td>
614        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
615        *             <td>23</td>
616        *         </tr>
617        *         <tr>
618        *             <td>summary.system</td>
619        *             <td>Shared and system memory usage in kB. This corresponds to the System
620        *                 field output in the App Summary section by dumpsys meminfo.</td>
621        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
622        *             <td>23</td>
623        *         </tr>
624        *         <tr>
625        *             <td>summary.total-pss</td>
626        *             <td>Total PPS memory usage in kB.</td>
627        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
628        *             <td>23</td>
629        *         </tr>
630        *         <tr>
631        *             <td>summary.total-swap</td>
632        *             <td>Total swap usage in kB.</td>
633        *             <td>{@code 1442}</td>
634        *             <td>23</td>
635        *         </tr>
636        *     </tbody>
637        * </table>
638        */
getMemoryStat(String statName)639        public String getMemoryStat(String statName) {
640             switch(statName) {
641                 case "summary.java-heap":
642                     return Integer.toString(getSummaryJavaHeap());
643                 case "summary.native-heap":
644                     return Integer.toString(getSummaryNativeHeap());
645                 case "summary.code":
646                     return Integer.toString(getSummaryCode());
647                 case "summary.stack":
648                     return Integer.toString(getSummaryStack());
649                 case "summary.graphics":
650                     return Integer.toString(getSummaryGraphics());
651                 case "summary.private-other":
652                     return Integer.toString(getSummaryPrivateOther());
653                 case "summary.system":
654                     return Integer.toString(getSummarySystem());
655                 case "summary.total-pss":
656                     return Integer.toString(getSummaryTotalPss());
657                 case "summary.total-swap":
658                     return Integer.toString(getSummaryTotalSwap());
659                 default:
660                     return null;
661             }
662         }
663 
664         /**
665          * Returns a map of the names/values of the memory statistics
666          * that {@link #getMemoryStat(String)} supports.
667          *
668          * @return a map of the names/values of the supported memory statistics.
669          */
getMemoryStats()670         public Map<String, String> getMemoryStats() {
671             Map<String, String> stats = new HashMap<String, String>();
672             stats.put("summary.java-heap", Integer.toString(getSummaryJavaHeap()));
673             stats.put("summary.native-heap", Integer.toString(getSummaryNativeHeap()));
674             stats.put("summary.code", Integer.toString(getSummaryCode()));
675             stats.put("summary.stack", Integer.toString(getSummaryStack()));
676             stats.put("summary.graphics", Integer.toString(getSummaryGraphics()));
677             stats.put("summary.private-other", Integer.toString(getSummaryPrivateOther()));
678             stats.put("summary.system", Integer.toString(getSummarySystem()));
679             stats.put("summary.total-pss", Integer.toString(getSummaryTotalPss()));
680             stats.put("summary.total-swap", Integer.toString(getSummaryTotalSwap()));
681             return stats;
682         }
683 
684         /**
685          * Pss of Java Heap bytes in KB due to the application.
686          * Notes:
687          *  * OTHER_ART is the boot image. Anything private here is blamed on
688          *    the application, not the system.
689          *  * dalvikPrivateDirty includes private zygote, which means the
690          *    application dirtied something allocated by the zygote. We blame
691          *    the application for that memory, not the system.
692          *  * Does not include OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER, which is considered VM
693          *    Overhead and lumped into Private Other.
694          *  * We don't include dalvikPrivateClean, because there should be no
695          *    such thing as private clean for the Java Heap.
696          * @hide
697          */
698         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getSummaryJavaHeap()699         public int getSummaryJavaHeap() {
700             return dalvikPrivateDirty + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_ART);
701         }
702 
703         /**
704          * Pss of Native Heap bytes in KB due to the application.
705          * Notes:
706          *  * Includes private dirty malloc space.
707          *  * We don't include nativePrivateClean, because there should be no
708          *    such thing as private clean for the Native Heap.
709          * @hide
710          */
711         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getSummaryNativeHeap()712         public int getSummaryNativeHeap() {
713             return nativePrivateDirty;
714         }
715 
716         /**
717          * Pss of code and other static resource bytes in KB due to
718          * the application.
719          * @hide
720          */
721         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getSummaryCode()722         public int getSummaryCode() {
723             return getOtherPrivate(OTHER_SO)
724               + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_JAR)
725               + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_APK)
726               + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_TTF)
727               + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_DEX)
728                 + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_OAT)
729                 + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_ZYGOTE_CODE_CACHE)
730                 + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_APP_CODE_CACHE);
731         }
732 
733         /**
734          * Pss in KB of the stack due to the application.
735          * Notes:
736          *  * Includes private dirty stack, which includes both Java and Native
737          *    stack.
738          *  * Does not include private clean stack, because there should be no
739          *    such thing as private clean for the stack.
740          * @hide
741          */
742         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getSummaryStack()743         public int getSummaryStack() {
744             return getOtherPrivateDirty(OTHER_STACK);
745         }
746 
747         /**
748          * Pss in KB of graphics due to the application.
749          * Notes:
750          *  * Includes private Gfx, EGL, and GL.
751          *  * Warning: These numbers can be misreported by the graphics drivers.
752          *  * We don't include shared graphics. It may make sense to, because
753          *    shared graphics are likely buffers due to the application
754          *    anyway, but it's simpler to implement to just group all shared
755          *    memory into the System category.
756          * @hide
757          */
758         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getSummaryGraphics()759         public int getSummaryGraphics() {
760             return getOtherPrivate(OTHER_GL_DEV)
761               + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_GRAPHICS)
762               + getOtherPrivate(OTHER_GL);
763         }
764 
765         /**
766          * Pss in KB due to the application that haven't otherwise been
767          * accounted for.
768          * @hide
769          */
770         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getSummaryPrivateOther()771         public int getSummaryPrivateOther() {
772             return getTotalPrivateClean()
773               + getTotalPrivateDirty()
774               - getSummaryJavaHeap()
775               - getSummaryNativeHeap()
776               - getSummaryCode()
777               - getSummaryStack()
778               - getSummaryGraphics();
779         }
780 
781         /**
782          * Pss in KB due to the system.
783          * Notes:
784          *  * Includes all shared memory.
785          * @hide
786          */
787         @UnsupportedAppUsage
getSummarySystem()788         public int getSummarySystem() {
789             return getTotalPss()
790               - getTotalPrivateClean()
791               - getTotalPrivateDirty();
792         }
793 
794         /**
795          * Rss of Java Heap bytes in KB due to the application.
796          * @hide
797          */
getSummaryJavaHeapRss()798         public int getSummaryJavaHeapRss() {
799             return dalvikRss + getOtherRss(OTHER_ART);
800         }
801 
802         /**
803          * Rss of Native Heap bytes in KB due to the application.
804          * @hide
805          */
getSummaryNativeHeapRss()806         public int getSummaryNativeHeapRss() {
807             return nativeRss;
808         }
809 
810         /**
811          * Rss of code and other static resource bytes in KB due to
812          * the application.
813          * @hide
814          */
getSummaryCodeRss()815         public int getSummaryCodeRss() {
816             return getOtherRss(OTHER_SO)
817                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_JAR)
818                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_APK)
819                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_TTF)
820                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_DEX)
821                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_OAT)
822                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_ZYGOTE_CODE_CACHE)
823                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_DALVIK_OTHER_APP_CODE_CACHE);
824         }
825 
826         /**
827          * Rss in KB of the stack due to the application.
828          * @hide
829          */
getSummaryStackRss()830         public int getSummaryStackRss() {
831             return getOtherRss(OTHER_STACK);
832         }
833 
834         /**
835          * Rss in KB of graphics due to the application.
836          * @hide
837          */
getSummaryGraphicsRss()838         public int getSummaryGraphicsRss() {
839             return getOtherRss(OTHER_GL_DEV)
840                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_GRAPHICS)
841                 + getOtherRss(OTHER_GL);
842         }
843 
844         /**
845          * Rss in KB due to either the application or system that haven't otherwise been
846          * accounted for.
847          * @hide
848          */
getSummaryUnknownRss()849         public int getSummaryUnknownRss() {
850             return getTotalRss()
851                 - getSummaryJavaHeapRss()
852                 - getSummaryNativeHeapRss()
853                 - getSummaryCodeRss()
854                 - getSummaryStackRss()
855                 - getSummaryGraphicsRss();
856         }
857 
858         /**
859          * Total Pss in KB.
860          * @hide
861          */
getSummaryTotalPss()862         public int getSummaryTotalPss() {
863             return getTotalPss();
864         }
865 
866         /**
867          * Total Swap in KB.
868          * Notes:
869          *  * Some of this memory belongs in other categories, but we don't
870          *    know if the Swap memory is shared or private, so we don't know
871          *    what to blame on the application and what on the system.
872          *    For now, just lump all the Swap in one place.
873          *    For kernels reporting SwapPss {@link #getSummaryTotalSwapPss()}
874          *    will report the application proportional Swap.
875          * @hide
876          */
getSummaryTotalSwap()877         public int getSummaryTotalSwap() {
878             return getTotalSwappedOut();
879         }
880 
881         /**
882          * Total proportional Swap in KB.
883          * Notes:
884          *  * Always 0 if {@link #hasSwappedOutPss} is false.
885          * @hide
886          */
getSummaryTotalSwapPss()887         public int getSummaryTotalSwapPss() {
888             return getTotalSwappedOutPss();
889         }
890 
891         /**
892          * Return true if the kernel is reporting pss swapped out...  that is, if
893          * {@link #getSummaryTotalSwapPss()} will return non-0 values.
894          * @hide
895          */
hasSwappedOutPss()896         public boolean hasSwappedOutPss() {
897             return hasSwappedOutPss;
898         }
899 
describeContents()900         public int describeContents() {
901             return 0;
902         }
903 
writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags)904         public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
905             dest.writeInt(dalvikPss);
906             dest.writeInt(dalvikSwappablePss);
907             dest.writeInt(dalvikRss);
908             dest.writeInt(dalvikPrivateDirty);
909             dest.writeInt(dalvikSharedDirty);
910             dest.writeInt(dalvikPrivateClean);
911             dest.writeInt(dalvikSharedClean);
912             dest.writeInt(dalvikSwappedOut);
913             dest.writeInt(dalvikSwappedOutPss);
914             dest.writeInt(nativePss);
915             dest.writeInt(nativeSwappablePss);
916             dest.writeInt(nativeRss);
917             dest.writeInt(nativePrivateDirty);
918             dest.writeInt(nativeSharedDirty);
919             dest.writeInt(nativePrivateClean);
920             dest.writeInt(nativeSharedClean);
921             dest.writeInt(nativeSwappedOut);
922             dest.writeInt(nativeSwappedOutPss);
923             dest.writeInt(otherPss);
924             dest.writeInt(otherSwappablePss);
925             dest.writeInt(otherRss);
926             dest.writeInt(otherPrivateDirty);
927             dest.writeInt(otherSharedDirty);
928             dest.writeInt(otherPrivateClean);
929             dest.writeInt(otherSharedClean);
930             dest.writeInt(otherSwappedOut);
931             dest.writeInt(hasSwappedOutPss ? 1 : 0);
932             dest.writeInt(otherSwappedOutPss);
933             dest.writeIntArray(otherStats);
934         }
935 
readFromParcel(Parcel source)936         public void readFromParcel(Parcel source) {
937             dalvikPss = source.readInt();
938             dalvikSwappablePss = source.readInt();
939             dalvikRss = source.readInt();
940             dalvikPrivateDirty = source.readInt();
941             dalvikSharedDirty = source.readInt();
942             dalvikPrivateClean = source.readInt();
943             dalvikSharedClean = source.readInt();
944             dalvikSwappedOut = source.readInt();
945             dalvikSwappedOutPss = source.readInt();
946             nativePss = source.readInt();
947             nativeSwappablePss = source.readInt();
948             nativeRss = source.readInt();
949             nativePrivateDirty = source.readInt();
950             nativeSharedDirty = source.readInt();
951             nativePrivateClean = source.readInt();
952             nativeSharedClean = source.readInt();
953             nativeSwappedOut = source.readInt();
954             nativeSwappedOutPss = source.readInt();
955             otherPss = source.readInt();
956             otherSwappablePss = source.readInt();
957             otherRss = source.readInt();
958             otherPrivateDirty = source.readInt();
959             otherSharedDirty = source.readInt();
960             otherPrivateClean = source.readInt();
961             otherSharedClean = source.readInt();
962             otherSwappedOut = source.readInt();
963             hasSwappedOutPss = source.readInt() != 0;
964             otherSwappedOutPss = source.readInt();
965             otherStats = source.createIntArray();
966         }
967 
968         public static final @android.annotation.NonNull Creator<MemoryInfo> CREATOR = new Creator<MemoryInfo>() {
969             public MemoryInfo createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
970                 return new MemoryInfo(source);
971             }
972             public MemoryInfo[] newArray(int size) {
973                 return new MemoryInfo[size];
974             }
975         };
976 
MemoryInfo(Parcel source)977         private MemoryInfo(Parcel source) {
978             readFromParcel(source);
979         }
980     }
981 
982 
983     /**
984      * Wait until a debugger attaches.  As soon as the debugger attaches,
985      * this returns, so you will need to place a breakpoint after the
986      * waitForDebugger() call if you want to start tracing immediately.
987      */
waitForDebugger()988     public static void waitForDebugger() {
989         if (!VMDebug.isDebuggingEnabled()) {
990             //System.out.println("debugging not enabled, not waiting");
991             return;
992         }
993         if (isDebuggerConnected())
994             return;
995 
996         // if DDMS is listening, inform them of our plight
997         System.out.println("Sending WAIT chunk");
998         byte[] data = new byte[] { 0 };     // 0 == "waiting for debugger"
999         Chunk waitChunk = new Chunk(ChunkHandler.type("WAIT"), data, 0, 1);
1000         DdmServer.sendChunk(waitChunk);
1001 
1002         mWaiting = true;
1003         while (!isDebuggerConnected()) {
1004             try { Thread.sleep(SPIN_DELAY); }
1005             catch (InterruptedException ie) {}
1006         }
1007         mWaiting = false;
1008 
1009         System.out.println("Debugger has connected");
1010 
1011         /*
1012          * There is no "ready to go" signal from the debugger, and we're
1013          * not allowed to suspend ourselves -- the debugger expects us to
1014          * be running happily, and gets confused if we aren't.  We need to
1015          * allow the debugger a chance to set breakpoints before we start
1016          * running again.
1017          *
1018          * Sit and spin until the debugger has been idle for a short while.
1019          */
1020         while (true) {
1021             long delta = VMDebug.lastDebuggerActivity();
1022             if (delta < 0) {
1023                 System.out.println("debugger detached?");
1024                 break;
1025             }
1026 
1027             if (delta < MIN_DEBUGGER_IDLE) {
1028                 System.out.println("waiting for debugger to settle...");
1029                 try { Thread.sleep(SPIN_DELAY); }
1030                 catch (InterruptedException ie) {}
1031             } else {
1032                 System.out.println("debugger has settled (" + delta + ")");
1033                 break;
1034             }
1035         }
1036     }
1037 
1038     /**
1039      * Returns "true" if one or more threads is waiting for a debugger
1040      * to attach.
1041      */
waitingForDebugger()1042     public static boolean waitingForDebugger() {
1043         return mWaiting;
1044     }
1045 
1046     /**
1047      * Determine if a debugger is currently attached.
1048      */
isDebuggerConnected()1049     public static boolean isDebuggerConnected() {
1050         return VMDebug.isDebuggerConnected();
1051     }
1052 
1053     /**
1054      * Returns an array of strings that identify VM features.  This is
1055      * used by DDMS to determine what sorts of operations the VM can
1056      * perform.
1057      *
1058      * @hide
1059      */
getVmFeatureList()1060     public static String[] getVmFeatureList() {
1061         return VMDebug.getVmFeatureList();
1062     }
1063 
1064     /**
1065      * Change the JDWP port.
1066      *
1067      * @deprecated no longer needed or useful
1068      */
1069     @Deprecated
changeDebugPort(int port)1070     public static void changeDebugPort(int port) {}
1071 
1072     /**
1073      * This is the pathname to the sysfs file that enables and disables
1074      * tracing on the qemu emulator.
1075      */
1076     private static final String SYSFS_QEMU_TRACE_STATE = "/sys/qemu_trace/state";
1077 
1078     /**
1079      * Enable qemu tracing. For this to work requires running everything inside
1080      * the qemu emulator; otherwise, this method will have no effect. The trace
1081      * file is specified on the command line when the emulator is started. For
1082      * example, the following command line <br />
1083      * <code>emulator -trace foo</code><br />
1084      * will start running the emulator and create a trace file named "foo". This
1085      * method simply enables writing the trace records to the trace file.
1086      *
1087      * <p>
1088      * The main differences between this and {@link #startMethodTracing()} are
1089      * that tracing in the qemu emulator traces every cpu instruction of every
1090      * process, including kernel code, so we have more complete information,
1091      * including all context switches. We can also get more detailed information
1092      * such as cache misses. The sequence of calls is determined by
1093      * post-processing the instruction trace. The qemu tracing is also done
1094      * without modifying the application or perturbing the timing of calls
1095      * because no instrumentation is added to the application being traced.
1096      * </p>
1097      *
1098      * <p>
1099      * One limitation of using this method compared to using
1100      * {@link #startMethodTracing()} on the real device is that the emulator
1101      * does not model all of the real hardware effects such as memory and
1102      * bus contention.  The emulator also has a simple cache model and cannot
1103      * capture all the complexities of a real cache.
1104      * </p>
1105      */
startNativeTracing()1106     public static void startNativeTracing() {
1107         // Open the sysfs file for writing and write "1" to it.
1108         PrintWriter outStream = null;
1109         try {
1110             FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(SYSFS_QEMU_TRACE_STATE);
1111             outStream = new FastPrintWriter(fos);
1112             outStream.println("1");
1113         } catch (Exception e) {
1114         } finally {
1115             if (outStream != null)
1116                 outStream.close();
1117         }
1118 
1119         VMDebug.startEmulatorTracing();
1120     }
1121 
1122     /**
1123      * Stop qemu tracing.  See {@link #startNativeTracing()} to start tracing.
1124      *
1125      * <p>Tracing can be started and stopped as many times as desired.  When
1126      * the qemu emulator itself is stopped then the buffered trace records
1127      * are flushed and written to the trace file.  In fact, it is not necessary
1128      * to call this method at all; simply killing qemu is sufficient.  But
1129      * starting and stopping a trace is useful for examining a specific
1130      * region of code.</p>
1131      */
stopNativeTracing()1132     public static void stopNativeTracing() {
1133         VMDebug.stopEmulatorTracing();
1134 
1135         // Open the sysfs file for writing and write "0" to it.
1136         PrintWriter outStream = null;
1137         try {
1138             FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(SYSFS_QEMU_TRACE_STATE);
1139             outStream = new FastPrintWriter(fos);
1140             outStream.println("0");
1141         } catch (Exception e) {
1142             // We could print an error message here but we probably want
1143             // to quietly ignore errors if we are not running in the emulator.
1144         } finally {
1145             if (outStream != null)
1146                 outStream.close();
1147         }
1148     }
1149 
1150     /**
1151      * Enable "emulator traces", in which information about the current
1152      * method is made available to the "emulator -trace" feature.  There
1153      * is no corresponding "disable" call -- this is intended for use by
1154      * the framework when tracing should be turned on and left that way, so
1155      * that traces captured with F9/F10 will include the necessary data.
1156      *
1157      * This puts the VM into "profile" mode, which has performance
1158      * consequences.
1159      *
1160      * To temporarily enable tracing, use {@link #startNativeTracing()}.
1161      */
enableEmulatorTraceOutput()1162     public static void enableEmulatorTraceOutput() {
1163         VMDebug.startEmulatorTracing();
1164     }
1165 
1166     /**
1167      * Start method tracing with default log name and buffer size.
1168      * <p>
1169      * By default, the trace file is called "dmtrace.trace" and it's placed
1170      * under your package-specific directory on primary shared/external storage,
1171      * as returned by {@link Context#getExternalFilesDir(String)}.
1172      * <p>
1173      * See <a href="{@docRoot}studio/profile/traceview.html">Inspect Trace Logs
1174      * with Traceview</a> for information about reading trace files.
1175      * <p class="note">
1176      * When method tracing is enabled, the VM will run more slowly than usual,
1177      * so the timings from the trace files should only be considered in relative
1178      * terms (e.g. was run #1 faster than run #2). The times for native methods
1179      * will not change, so don't try to use this to compare the performance of
1180      * interpreted and native implementations of the same method. As an
1181      * alternative, consider using sampling-based method tracing via
1182      * {@link #startMethodTracingSampling(String, int, int)} or "native" tracing
1183      * in the emulator via {@link #startNativeTracing()}.
1184      * </p>
1185      */
startMethodTracing()1186     public static void startMethodTracing() {
1187         VMDebug.startMethodTracing(fixTracePath(null), 0, 0, false, 0);
1188     }
1189 
1190     /**
1191      * Start method tracing, specifying the trace log file path.
1192      * <p>
1193      * When a relative file path is given, the trace file will be placed under
1194      * your package-specific directory on primary shared/external storage, as
1195      * returned by {@link Context#getExternalFilesDir(String)}.
1196      * <p>
1197      * See <a href="{@docRoot}studio/profile/traceview.html">Inspect Trace Logs
1198      * with Traceview</a> for information about reading trace files.
1199      * <p class="note">
1200      * When method tracing is enabled, the VM will run more slowly than usual,
1201      * so the timings from the trace files should only be considered in relative
1202      * terms (e.g. was run #1 faster than run #2). The times for native methods
1203      * will not change, so don't try to use this to compare the performance of
1204      * interpreted and native implementations of the same method. As an
1205      * alternative, consider using sampling-based method tracing via
1206      * {@link #startMethodTracingSampling(String, int, int)} or "native" tracing
1207      * in the emulator via {@link #startNativeTracing()}.
1208      * </p>
1209      *
1210      * @param tracePath Path to the trace log file to create. If {@code null},
1211      *            this will default to "dmtrace.trace". If the file already
1212      *            exists, it will be truncated. If the path given does not end
1213      *            in ".trace", it will be appended for you.
1214      */
startMethodTracing(String tracePath)1215     public static void startMethodTracing(String tracePath) {
1216         startMethodTracing(tracePath, 0, 0);
1217     }
1218 
1219     /**
1220      * Start method tracing, specifying the trace log file name and the buffer
1221      * size.
1222      * <p>
1223      * When a relative file path is given, the trace file will be placed under
1224      * your package-specific directory on primary shared/external storage, as
1225      * returned by {@link Context#getExternalFilesDir(String)}.
1226      * <p>
1227      * See <a href="{@docRoot}studio/profile/traceview.html">Inspect Trace Logs
1228      * with Traceview</a> for information about reading trace files.
1229      * <p class="note">
1230      * When method tracing is enabled, the VM will run more slowly than usual,
1231      * so the timings from the trace files should only be considered in relative
1232      * terms (e.g. was run #1 faster than run #2). The times for native methods
1233      * will not change, so don't try to use this to compare the performance of
1234      * interpreted and native implementations of the same method. As an
1235      * alternative, consider using sampling-based method tracing via
1236      * {@link #startMethodTracingSampling(String, int, int)} or "native" tracing
1237      * in the emulator via {@link #startNativeTracing()}.
1238      * </p>
1239      *
1240      * @param tracePath Path to the trace log file to create. If {@code null},
1241      *            this will default to "dmtrace.trace". If the file already
1242      *            exists, it will be truncated. If the path given does not end
1243      *            in ".trace", it will be appended for you.
1244      * @param bufferSize The maximum amount of trace data we gather. If not
1245      *            given, it defaults to 8MB.
1246      */
startMethodTracing(String tracePath, int bufferSize)1247     public static void startMethodTracing(String tracePath, int bufferSize) {
1248         startMethodTracing(tracePath, bufferSize, 0);
1249     }
1250 
1251     /**
1252      * Start method tracing, specifying the trace log file name, the buffer
1253      * size, and flags.
1254      * <p>
1255      * When a relative file path is given, the trace file will be placed under
1256      * your package-specific directory on primary shared/external storage, as
1257      * returned by {@link Context#getExternalFilesDir(String)}.
1258      * <p>
1259      * See <a href="{@docRoot}studio/profile/traceview.html">Inspect Trace Logs
1260      * with Traceview</a> for information about reading trace files.
1261      * <p class="note">
1262      * When method tracing is enabled, the VM will run more slowly than usual,
1263      * so the timings from the trace files should only be considered in relative
1264      * terms (e.g. was run #1 faster than run #2). The times for native methods
1265      * will not change, so don't try to use this to compare the performance of
1266      * interpreted and native implementations of the same method. As an
1267      * alternative, consider using sampling-based method tracing via
1268      * {@link #startMethodTracingSampling(String, int, int)} or "native" tracing
1269      * in the emulator via {@link #startNativeTracing()}.
1270      * </p>
1271      *
1272      * @param tracePath Path to the trace log file to create. If {@code null},
1273      *            this will default to "dmtrace.trace". If the file already
1274      *            exists, it will be truncated. If the path given does not end
1275      *            in ".trace", it will be appended for you.
1276      * @param bufferSize The maximum amount of trace data we gather. If not
1277      *            given, it defaults to 8MB.
1278      * @param flags Flags to control method tracing. The only one that is
1279      *            currently defined is {@link #TRACE_COUNT_ALLOCS}.
1280      */
startMethodTracing(String tracePath, int bufferSize, int flags)1281     public static void startMethodTracing(String tracePath, int bufferSize, int flags) {
1282         VMDebug.startMethodTracing(fixTracePath(tracePath), bufferSize, flags, false, 0);
1283     }
1284 
1285     /**
1286      * Start sampling-based method tracing, specifying the trace log file name,
1287      * the buffer size, and the sampling interval.
1288      * <p>
1289      * When a relative file path is given, the trace file will be placed under
1290      * your package-specific directory on primary shared/external storage, as
1291      * returned by {@link Context#getExternalFilesDir(String)}.
1292      * <p>
1293      * See <a href="{@docRoot}studio/profile/traceview.html">Inspect Trace Logs
1294      * with Traceview</a> for information about reading trace files.
1295      *
1296      * @param tracePath Path to the trace log file to create. If {@code null},
1297      *            this will default to "dmtrace.trace". If the file already
1298      *            exists, it will be truncated. If the path given does not end
1299      *            in ".trace", it will be appended for you.
1300      * @param bufferSize The maximum amount of trace data we gather. If not
1301      *            given, it defaults to 8MB.
1302      * @param intervalUs The amount of time between each sample in microseconds.
1303      */
startMethodTracingSampling(String tracePath, int bufferSize, int intervalUs)1304     public static void startMethodTracingSampling(String tracePath, int bufferSize,
1305             int intervalUs) {
1306         VMDebug.startMethodTracing(fixTracePath(tracePath), bufferSize, 0, true, intervalUs);
1307     }
1308 
1309     /**
1310      * Formats name of trace log file for method tracing.
1311      */
fixTracePath(String tracePath)1312     private static String fixTracePath(String tracePath) {
1313         if (tracePath == null || tracePath.charAt(0) != '/') {
1314             final Context context = AppGlobals.getInitialApplication();
1315             final File dir;
1316             if (context != null) {
1317                 dir = context.getExternalFilesDir(null);
1318             } else {
1319                 dir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
1320             }
1321 
1322             if (tracePath == null) {
1323                 tracePath = new File(dir, DEFAULT_TRACE_BODY).getAbsolutePath();
1324             } else {
1325                 tracePath = new File(dir, tracePath).getAbsolutePath();
1326             }
1327         }
1328         if (!tracePath.endsWith(DEFAULT_TRACE_EXTENSION)) {
1329             tracePath += DEFAULT_TRACE_EXTENSION;
1330         }
1331         return tracePath;
1332     }
1333 
1334     /**
1335      * Like startMethodTracing(String, int, int), but taking an already-opened
1336      * FileDescriptor in which the trace is written.  The file name is also
1337      * supplied simply for logging.  Makes a dup of the file descriptor.
1338      *
1339      * Not exposed in the SDK unless we are really comfortable with supporting
1340      * this and find it would be useful.
1341      * @hide
1342      */
startMethodTracing(String traceName, FileDescriptor fd, int bufferSize, int flags, boolean streamOutput)1343     public static void startMethodTracing(String traceName, FileDescriptor fd,
1344         int bufferSize, int flags, boolean streamOutput) {
1345         VMDebug.startMethodTracing(traceName, fd, bufferSize, flags, false, 0, streamOutput);
1346     }
1347 
1348     /**
1349      * Starts method tracing without a backing file.  When stopMethodTracing
1350      * is called, the result is sent directly to DDMS.  (If DDMS is not
1351      * attached when tracing ends, the profiling data will be discarded.)
1352      *
1353      * @hide
1354      */
startMethodTracingDdms(int bufferSize, int flags, boolean samplingEnabled, int intervalUs)1355     public static void startMethodTracingDdms(int bufferSize, int flags,
1356         boolean samplingEnabled, int intervalUs) {
1357         VMDebug.startMethodTracingDdms(bufferSize, flags, samplingEnabled, intervalUs);
1358     }
1359 
1360     /**
1361      * Determine whether method tracing is currently active and what type is
1362      * active.
1363      *
1364      * @hide
1365      */
getMethodTracingMode()1366     public static int getMethodTracingMode() {
1367         return VMDebug.getMethodTracingMode();
1368     }
1369 
1370     /**
1371      * Stop method tracing.
1372      */
stopMethodTracing()1373     public static void stopMethodTracing() {
1374         VMDebug.stopMethodTracing();
1375     }
1376 
1377     /**
1378      * Get an indication of thread CPU usage.  The value returned
1379      * indicates the amount of time that the current thread has spent
1380      * executing code or waiting for certain types of I/O.
1381      *
1382      * The time is expressed in nanoseconds, and is only meaningful
1383      * when compared to the result from an earlier call.  Note that
1384      * nanosecond resolution does not imply nanosecond accuracy.
1385      *
1386      * On system which don't support this operation, the call returns -1.
1387      */
threadCpuTimeNanos()1388     public static long threadCpuTimeNanos() {
1389         return VMDebug.threadCpuTimeNanos();
1390     }
1391 
1392     /**
1393      * Start counting the number and aggregate size of memory allocations.
1394      *
1395      * <p>The {@link #startAllocCounting() start} method resets the counts and enables counting.
1396      * The {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop} method disables the counting so that the analysis
1397      * code doesn't cause additional allocations.  The various <code>get</code> methods return
1398      * the specified value. And the various <code>reset</code> methods reset the specified
1399      * count.</p>
1400      *
1401      * <p>Counts are kept for the system as a whole (global) and for each thread.
1402      * The per-thread counts for threads other than the current thread
1403      * are not cleared by the "reset" or "start" calls.</p>
1404      *
1405      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1406      */
1407     @Deprecated
startAllocCounting()1408     public static void startAllocCounting() {
1409         VMDebug.startAllocCounting();
1410     }
1411 
1412     /**
1413      * Stop counting the number and aggregate size of memory allocations.
1414      *
1415      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1416      */
1417     @Deprecated
stopAllocCounting()1418     public static void stopAllocCounting() {
1419         VMDebug.stopAllocCounting();
1420     }
1421 
1422     /**
1423      * Returns the global count of objects allocated by the runtime between a
1424      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1425      *
1426      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1427      */
1428     @Deprecated
getGlobalAllocCount()1429     public static int getGlobalAllocCount() {
1430         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_ALLOCATED_OBJECTS);
1431     }
1432 
1433     /**
1434      * Clears the global count of objects allocated.
1435      * @see #getGlobalAllocCount()
1436      *
1437      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1438      */
1439     @Deprecated
resetGlobalAllocCount()1440     public static void resetGlobalAllocCount() {
1441         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_ALLOCATED_OBJECTS);
1442     }
1443 
1444     /**
1445      * Returns the global size, in bytes, of objects allocated by the runtime between a
1446      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1447      *
1448      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1449      */
1450     @Deprecated
getGlobalAllocSize()1451     public static int getGlobalAllocSize() {
1452         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_ALLOCATED_BYTES);
1453     }
1454 
1455     /**
1456      * Clears the global size of objects allocated.
1457      * @see #getGlobalAllocSize()
1458      *
1459      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1460      */
1461     @Deprecated
resetGlobalAllocSize()1462     public static void resetGlobalAllocSize() {
1463         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_ALLOCATED_BYTES);
1464     }
1465 
1466     /**
1467      * Returns the global count of objects freed by the runtime between a
1468      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1469      *
1470      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1471      */
1472     @Deprecated
getGlobalFreedCount()1473     public static int getGlobalFreedCount() {
1474         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_FREED_OBJECTS);
1475     }
1476 
1477     /**
1478      * Clears the global count of objects freed.
1479      * @see #getGlobalFreedCount()
1480      *
1481      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1482      */
1483     @Deprecated
resetGlobalFreedCount()1484     public static void resetGlobalFreedCount() {
1485         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_FREED_OBJECTS);
1486     }
1487 
1488     /**
1489      * Returns the global size, in bytes, of objects freed by the runtime between a
1490      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1491      *
1492      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1493      */
1494     @Deprecated
getGlobalFreedSize()1495     public static int getGlobalFreedSize() {
1496         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_FREED_BYTES);
1497     }
1498 
1499     /**
1500      * Clears the global size of objects freed.
1501      * @see #getGlobalFreedSize()
1502      *
1503      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1504      */
1505     @Deprecated
resetGlobalFreedSize()1506     public static void resetGlobalFreedSize() {
1507         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_FREED_BYTES);
1508     }
1509 
1510     /**
1511      * Returns the number of non-concurrent GC invocations between a
1512      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1513      *
1514      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1515      */
1516     @Deprecated
getGlobalGcInvocationCount()1517     public static int getGlobalGcInvocationCount() {
1518         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_GC_INVOCATIONS);
1519     }
1520 
1521     /**
1522      * Clears the count of non-concurrent GC invocations.
1523      * @see #getGlobalGcInvocationCount()
1524      *
1525      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1526      */
1527     @Deprecated
resetGlobalGcInvocationCount()1528     public static void resetGlobalGcInvocationCount() {
1529         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_GC_INVOCATIONS);
1530     }
1531 
1532     /**
1533      * Returns the number of classes successfully initialized (ie those that executed without
1534      * throwing an exception) between a {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and
1535      * {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1536      *
1537      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1538      */
1539     @Deprecated
getGlobalClassInitCount()1540     public static int getGlobalClassInitCount() {
1541         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_CLASS_INIT_COUNT);
1542     }
1543 
1544     /**
1545      * Clears the count of classes initialized.
1546      * @see #getGlobalClassInitCount()
1547      *
1548      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1549      */
1550     @Deprecated
resetGlobalClassInitCount()1551     public static void resetGlobalClassInitCount() {
1552         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_CLASS_INIT_COUNT);
1553     }
1554 
1555     /**
1556      * Returns the time spent successfully initializing classes between a
1557      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1558      *
1559      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1560      */
1561     @Deprecated
getGlobalClassInitTime()1562     public static int getGlobalClassInitTime() {
1563         /* cumulative elapsed time for class initialization, in usec */
1564         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_CLASS_INIT_TIME);
1565     }
1566 
1567     /**
1568      * Clears the count of time spent initializing classes.
1569      * @see #getGlobalClassInitTime()
1570      *
1571      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1572      */
1573     @Deprecated
resetGlobalClassInitTime()1574     public static void resetGlobalClassInitTime() {
1575         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_GLOBAL_CLASS_INIT_TIME);
1576     }
1577 
1578     /**
1579      * This method exists for compatibility and always returns 0.
1580      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1581      */
1582     @Deprecated
getGlobalExternalAllocCount()1583     public static int getGlobalExternalAllocCount() {
1584         return 0;
1585     }
1586 
1587     /**
1588      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1589      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1590      */
1591     @Deprecated
resetGlobalExternalAllocSize()1592     public static void resetGlobalExternalAllocSize() {}
1593 
1594     /**
1595      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1596      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1597      */
1598     @Deprecated
resetGlobalExternalAllocCount()1599     public static void resetGlobalExternalAllocCount() {}
1600 
1601     /**
1602      * This method exists for compatibility and always returns 0.
1603      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1604      */
1605     @Deprecated
getGlobalExternalAllocSize()1606     public static int getGlobalExternalAllocSize() {
1607         return 0;
1608     }
1609 
1610     /**
1611      * This method exists for compatibility and always returns 0.
1612      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1613      */
1614     @Deprecated
getGlobalExternalFreedCount()1615     public static int getGlobalExternalFreedCount() {
1616         return 0;
1617     }
1618 
1619     /**
1620      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1621      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1622      */
1623     @Deprecated
resetGlobalExternalFreedCount()1624     public static void resetGlobalExternalFreedCount() {}
1625 
1626     /**
1627      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1628      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1629      */
1630     @Deprecated
getGlobalExternalFreedSize()1631     public static int getGlobalExternalFreedSize() {
1632         return 0;
1633     }
1634 
1635     /**
1636      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1637      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1638      */
1639     @Deprecated
resetGlobalExternalFreedSize()1640     public static void resetGlobalExternalFreedSize() {}
1641 
1642     /**
1643      * Returns the thread-local count of objects allocated by the runtime between a
1644      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1645      *
1646      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1647      */
1648     @Deprecated
getThreadAllocCount()1649     public static int getThreadAllocCount() {
1650         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_THREAD_ALLOCATED_OBJECTS);
1651     }
1652 
1653     /**
1654      * Clears the thread-local count of objects allocated.
1655      * @see #getThreadAllocCount()
1656      *
1657      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1658      */
1659     @Deprecated
resetThreadAllocCount()1660     public static void resetThreadAllocCount() {
1661         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_THREAD_ALLOCATED_OBJECTS);
1662     }
1663 
1664     /**
1665      * Returns the thread-local size of objects allocated by the runtime between a
1666      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1667      * @return The allocated size in bytes.
1668      *
1669      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1670      */
1671     @Deprecated
getThreadAllocSize()1672     public static int getThreadAllocSize() {
1673         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_THREAD_ALLOCATED_BYTES);
1674     }
1675 
1676     /**
1677      * Clears the thread-local count of objects allocated.
1678      * @see #getThreadAllocSize()
1679      *
1680      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1681      */
1682     @Deprecated
resetThreadAllocSize()1683     public static void resetThreadAllocSize() {
1684         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_THREAD_ALLOCATED_BYTES);
1685     }
1686 
1687     /**
1688      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1689      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1690      */
1691     @Deprecated
getThreadExternalAllocCount()1692     public static int getThreadExternalAllocCount() {
1693         return 0;
1694     }
1695 
1696     /**
1697      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1698      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1699      */
1700     @Deprecated
resetThreadExternalAllocCount()1701     public static void resetThreadExternalAllocCount() {}
1702 
1703     /**
1704      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1705      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1706      */
1707     @Deprecated
getThreadExternalAllocSize()1708     public static int getThreadExternalAllocSize() {
1709         return 0;
1710     }
1711 
1712     /**
1713      * This method exists for compatibility and has no effect.
1714      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1715      */
1716     @Deprecated
resetThreadExternalAllocSize()1717     public static void resetThreadExternalAllocSize() {}
1718 
1719     /**
1720      * Returns the number of thread-local non-concurrent GC invocations between a
1721      * {@link #startAllocCounting() start} and {@link #stopAllocCounting() stop}.
1722      *
1723      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1724      */
1725     @Deprecated
getThreadGcInvocationCount()1726     public static int getThreadGcInvocationCount() {
1727         return VMDebug.getAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_THREAD_GC_INVOCATIONS);
1728     }
1729 
1730     /**
1731      * Clears the thread-local count of non-concurrent GC invocations.
1732      * @see #getThreadGcInvocationCount()
1733      *
1734      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1735      */
1736     @Deprecated
resetThreadGcInvocationCount()1737     public static void resetThreadGcInvocationCount() {
1738         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_THREAD_GC_INVOCATIONS);
1739     }
1740 
1741     /**
1742      * Clears all the global and thread-local memory allocation counters.
1743      * @see #startAllocCounting()
1744      *
1745      * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
1746      */
1747     @Deprecated
resetAllCounts()1748     public static void resetAllCounts() {
1749         VMDebug.resetAllocCount(VMDebug.KIND_ALL_COUNTS);
1750     }
1751 
1752     /**
1753      * Returns the value of a particular runtime statistic or {@code null} if no
1754      * such runtime statistic exists.
1755      *
1756      * <p>The following table lists the runtime statistics that the runtime supports.
1757      * All statistics are approximate. Individual allocations may not be immediately reflected
1758      * in the results.
1759      * Note runtime statistics may be added or removed in a future API level.</p>
1760      *
1761      * <table>
1762      *     <thead>
1763      *         <tr>
1764      *             <th>Runtime statistic name</th>
1765      *             <th>Meaning</th>
1766      *             <th>Example</th>
1767      *             <th>Supported (API Levels)</th>
1768      *         </tr>
1769      *     </thead>
1770      *     <tbody>
1771      *         <tr>
1772      *             <td>art.gc.gc-count</td>
1773      *             <td>The number of garbage collection runs.</td>
1774      *             <td>{@code 164}</td>
1775      *             <td>23</td>
1776      *         </tr>
1777      *         <tr>
1778      *             <td>art.gc.gc-time</td>
1779      *             <td>The total duration of garbage collection runs in ms.</td>
1780      *             <td>{@code 62364}</td>
1781      *             <td>23</td>
1782      *         </tr>
1783      *         <tr>
1784      *             <td>art.gc.bytes-allocated</td>
1785      *             <td>The total number of bytes that the application allocated.</td>
1786      *             <td>{@code 1463948408}</td>
1787      *             <td>23</td>
1788      *         </tr>
1789      *         <tr>
1790      *             <td>art.gc.bytes-freed</td>
1791      *             <td>The total number of bytes that garbage collection reclaimed.</td>
1792      *             <td>{@code 1313493084}</td>
1793      *             <td>23</td>
1794      *         </tr>
1795      *         <tr>
1796      *             <td>art.gc.blocking-gc-count</td>
1797      *             <td>The number of blocking garbage collection runs.</td>
1798      *             <td>{@code 2}</td>
1799      *             <td>23</td>
1800      *         </tr>
1801      *         <tr>
1802      *             <td>art.gc.blocking-gc-time</td>
1803      *             <td>The total duration of blocking garbage collection runs in ms.</td>
1804      *             <td>{@code 804}</td>
1805      *             <td>23</td>
1806      *         </tr>
1807      *         <tr>
1808      *             <td>art.gc.gc-count-rate-histogram</td>
1809      *             <td>Every 10 seconds, the gc-count-rate is computed as the number of garbage
1810      *                 collection runs that have occurred over the last 10
1811      *                 seconds. art.gc.gc-count-rate-histogram is a histogram of the gc-count-rate
1812      *                 samples taken since the process began. The histogram can be used to identify
1813      *                 instances of high rates of garbage collection runs. For example, a histogram
1814      *                 of "0:34503,1:45350,2:11281,3:8088,4:43,5:8" shows that most of the time
1815      *                 there are between 0 and 2 garbage collection runs every 10 seconds, but there
1816      *                 were 8 distinct 10-second intervals in which 5 garbage collection runs
1817      *                 occurred.</td>
1818      *             <td>{@code 0:34503,1:45350,2:11281,3:8088,4:43,5:8}</td>
1819      *             <td>23</td>
1820      *         </tr>
1821      *         <tr>
1822      *             <td>art.gc.blocking-gc-count-rate-histogram</td>
1823      *             <td>Every 10 seconds, the blocking-gc-count-rate is computed as the number of
1824      *                 blocking garbage collection runs that have occurred over the last 10
1825      *                 seconds. art.gc.blocking-gc-count-rate-histogram is a histogram of the
1826      *                 blocking-gc-count-rate samples taken since the process began. The histogram
1827      *                 can be used to identify instances of high rates of blocking garbage
1828      *                 collection runs. For example, a histogram of "0:99269,1:1,2:1" shows that
1829      *                 most of the time there are zero blocking garbage collection runs every 10
1830      *                 seconds, but there was one 10-second interval in which one blocking garbage
1831      *                 collection run occurred, and there was one interval in which two blocking
1832      *                 garbage collection runs occurred.</td>
1833      *             <td>{@code 0:99269,1:1,2:1}</td>
1834      *             <td>23</td>
1835      *         </tr>
1836      *     </tbody>
1837      * </table>
1838      *
1839      * @param statName
1840      *            the name of the runtime statistic to look up.
1841      * @return the value of the specified runtime statistic or {@code null} if the
1842      *         runtime statistic doesn't exist.
1843      */
getRuntimeStat(String statName)1844     public static String getRuntimeStat(String statName) {
1845         return VMDebug.getRuntimeStat(statName);
1846     }
1847 
1848     /**
1849      * Returns a map of the names/values of the runtime statistics
1850      * that {@link #getRuntimeStat(String)} supports.
1851      *
1852      * @return a map of the names/values of the supported runtime statistics.
1853      */
getRuntimeStats()1854     public static Map<String, String> getRuntimeStats() {
1855         return VMDebug.getRuntimeStats();
1856     }
1857 
1858     /**
1859      * Returns the size of the native heap.
1860      * @return The size of the native heap in bytes.
1861      */
getNativeHeapSize()1862     public static native long getNativeHeapSize();
1863 
1864     /**
1865      * Returns the amount of allocated memory in the native heap.
1866      * @return The allocated size in bytes.
1867      */
getNativeHeapAllocatedSize()1868     public static native long getNativeHeapAllocatedSize();
1869 
1870     /**
1871      * Returns the amount of free memory in the native heap.
1872      * @return The freed size in bytes.
1873      */
getNativeHeapFreeSize()1874     public static native long getNativeHeapFreeSize();
1875 
1876     /**
1877      * Retrieves information about this processes memory usages. This information is broken down by
1878      * how much is in use by dalvik, the native heap, and everything else.
1879      *
1880      * <p><b>Note:</b> this method directly retrieves memory information for the given process
1881      * from low-level data available to it.  It may not be able to retrieve information about
1882      * some protected allocations, such as graphics.  If you want to be sure you can see
1883      * all information about allocations by the process, use
1884      * {@link android.app.ActivityManager#getProcessMemoryInfo(int[])} instead.</p>
1885      */
getMemoryInfo(MemoryInfo memoryInfo)1886     public static native void getMemoryInfo(MemoryInfo memoryInfo);
1887 
1888     /**
1889      * Note: currently only works when the requested pid has the same UID
1890      * as the caller.
1891      *
1892      * @return true if the meminfo was read successfully, false if not (i.e., given pid has gone).
1893      *
1894      * @hide
1895      */
1896     @UnsupportedAppUsage
getMemoryInfo(int pid, MemoryInfo memoryInfo)1897     public static native boolean getMemoryInfo(int pid, MemoryInfo memoryInfo);
1898 
1899     /**
1900      * Retrieves the PSS memory used by the process as given by the
1901      * smaps.
1902      */
getPss()1903     public static native long getPss();
1904 
1905     /**
1906      * Retrieves the PSS memory used by the process as given by the smaps. Optionally supply a long
1907      * array of up to 3 entries to also receive (up to 3 values in order): the Uss and SwapPss and
1908      * Rss (only filled in as of {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#P}) of the process, and
1909      * another array to also retrieve the separate memtrack size.
1910      *
1911      * @return The PSS memory usage, or 0 if failed to retrieve (i.e., given pid has gone).
1912      * @hide
1913      */
getPss(int pid, long[] outUssSwapPssRss, long[] outMemtrack)1914     public static native long getPss(int pid, long[] outUssSwapPssRss, long[] outMemtrack);
1915 
1916     /** @hide */
1917     public static final int MEMINFO_TOTAL = 0;
1918     /** @hide */
1919     public static final int MEMINFO_FREE = 1;
1920     /** @hide */
1921     public static final int MEMINFO_BUFFERS = 2;
1922     /** @hide */
1923     public static final int MEMINFO_CACHED = 3;
1924     /** @hide */
1925     public static final int MEMINFO_SHMEM = 4;
1926     /** @hide */
1927     public static final int MEMINFO_SLAB = 5;
1928      /** @hide */
1929     public static final int MEMINFO_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE = 6;
1930      /** @hide */
1931     public static final int MEMINFO_SLAB_UNRECLAIMABLE = 7;
1932     /** @hide */
1933     public static final int MEMINFO_SWAP_TOTAL = 8;
1934     /** @hide */
1935     public static final int MEMINFO_SWAP_FREE = 9;
1936     /** @hide */
1937     public static final int MEMINFO_ZRAM_TOTAL = 10;
1938     /** @hide */
1939     public static final int MEMINFO_MAPPED = 11;
1940     /** @hide */
1941     public static final int MEMINFO_VM_ALLOC_USED = 12;
1942     /** @hide */
1943     public static final int MEMINFO_PAGE_TABLES = 13;
1944     /** @hide */
1945     public static final int MEMINFO_KERNEL_STACK = 14;
1946     /**
1947      * Note: MEMINFO_KRECLAIMABLE includes MEMINFO_SLAB_RECLAIMABLE (see KReclaimable field
1948      * description in kernel documentation).
1949      * @hide
1950      */
1951     public static final int MEMINFO_KRECLAIMABLE = 15;
1952     /** @hide */
1953     public static final int MEMINFO_COUNT = 16;
1954 
1955     /**
1956      * Retrieves /proc/meminfo.  outSizes is filled with fields
1957      * as defined by MEMINFO_* offsets.
1958      * @hide
1959      */
1960     @UnsupportedAppUsage
getMemInfo(long[] outSizes)1961     public static native void getMemInfo(long[] outSizes);
1962 
1963     /**
1964      * Establish an object allocation limit in the current thread.
1965      * This feature was never enabled in release builds.  The
1966      * allocation limits feature was removed in Honeycomb.  This
1967      * method exists for compatibility and always returns -1 and has
1968      * no effect.
1969      *
1970      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1971      */
1972     @Deprecated
setAllocationLimit(int limit)1973     public static int setAllocationLimit(int limit) {
1974         return -1;
1975     }
1976 
1977     /**
1978      * Establish a global object allocation limit.  This feature was
1979      * never enabled in release builds.  The allocation limits feature
1980      * was removed in Honeycomb.  This method exists for compatibility
1981      * and always returns -1 and has no effect.
1982      *
1983      * @deprecated This method is now obsolete.
1984      */
1985     @Deprecated
setGlobalAllocationLimit(int limit)1986     public static int setGlobalAllocationLimit(int limit) {
1987         return -1;
1988     }
1989 
1990     /**
1991      * Dump a list of all currently loaded class to the log file.
1992      *
1993      * @param flags See constants above.
1994      */
printLoadedClasses(int flags)1995     public static void printLoadedClasses(int flags) {
1996         VMDebug.printLoadedClasses(flags);
1997     }
1998 
1999     /**
2000      * Get the number of loaded classes.
2001      * @return the number of loaded classes.
2002      */
getLoadedClassCount()2003     public static int getLoadedClassCount() {
2004         return VMDebug.getLoadedClassCount();
2005     }
2006 
2007     /**
2008      * Dump "hprof" data to the specified file.  This may cause a GC.
2009      *
2010      * @param fileName Full pathname of output file (e.g. "/sdcard/dump.hprof").
2011      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the VM was built without
2012      *         HPROF support.
2013      * @throws IOException if an error occurs while opening or writing files.
2014      */
dumpHprofData(String fileName)2015     public static void dumpHprofData(String fileName) throws IOException {
2016         VMDebug.dumpHprofData(fileName);
2017     }
2018 
2019     /**
2020      * Like dumpHprofData(String), but takes an already-opened
2021      * FileDescriptor to which the trace is written.  The file name is also
2022      * supplied simply for logging.  Makes a dup of the file descriptor.
2023      *
2024      * Primarily for use by the "am" shell command.
2025      *
2026      * @hide
2027      */
dumpHprofData(String fileName, FileDescriptor fd)2028     public static void dumpHprofData(String fileName, FileDescriptor fd)
2029             throws IOException {
2030         VMDebug.dumpHprofData(fileName, fd);
2031     }
2032 
2033     /**
2034      * Collect "hprof" and send it to DDMS.  This may cause a GC.
2035      *
2036      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the VM was built without
2037      *         HPROF support.
2038      * @hide
2039      */
dumpHprofDataDdms()2040     public static void dumpHprofDataDdms() {
2041         VMDebug.dumpHprofDataDdms();
2042     }
2043 
2044     /**
2045      * Writes native heap data to the specified file descriptor.
2046      *
2047      * @hide
2048      */
2049     @UnsupportedAppUsage
dumpNativeHeap(FileDescriptor fd)2050     public static native void dumpNativeHeap(FileDescriptor fd);
2051 
2052     /**
2053      * Writes malloc info data to the specified file descriptor.
2054      *
2055      * @hide
2056      */
dumpNativeMallocInfo(FileDescriptor fd)2057     public static native void dumpNativeMallocInfo(FileDescriptor fd);
2058 
2059     /**
2060       * Returns a count of the extant instances of a class.
2061      *
2062      * @hide
2063      */
2064     @UnsupportedAppUsage
countInstancesOfClass(Class cls)2065     public static long countInstancesOfClass(Class cls) {
2066         return VMDebug.countInstancesOfClass(cls, true);
2067     }
2068 
2069     /**
2070      * Returns the number of sent transactions from this process.
2071      * @return The number of sent transactions or -1 if it could not read t.
2072      */
getBinderSentTransactions()2073     public static native int getBinderSentTransactions();
2074 
2075     /**
2076      * Returns the number of received transactions from the binder driver.
2077      * @return The number of received transactions or -1 if it could not read the stats.
2078      */
getBinderReceivedTransactions()2079     public static native int getBinderReceivedTransactions();
2080 
2081     /**
2082      * Returns the number of active local Binder objects that exist in the
2083      * current process.
2084      */
getBinderLocalObjectCount()2085     public static final native int getBinderLocalObjectCount();
2086 
2087     /**
2088      * Returns the number of references to remote proxy Binder objects that
2089      * exist in the current process.
2090      */
getBinderProxyObjectCount()2091     public static final native int getBinderProxyObjectCount();
2092 
2093     /**
2094      * Returns the number of death notification links to Binder objects that
2095      * exist in the current process.
2096      */
getBinderDeathObjectCount()2097     public static final native int getBinderDeathObjectCount();
2098 
2099     /**
2100      * Primes the register map cache.
2101      *
2102      * Only works for classes in the bootstrap class loader.  Does not
2103      * cause classes to be loaded if they're not already present.
2104      *
2105      * The classAndMethodDesc argument is a concatentation of the VM-internal
2106      * class descriptor, method name, and method descriptor.  Examples:
2107      *     Landroid/os/Looper;.loop:()V
2108      *     Landroid/app/ActivityThread;.main:([Ljava/lang/String;)V
2109      *
2110      * @param classAndMethodDesc the method to prepare
2111      *
2112      * @hide
2113      */
cacheRegisterMap(String classAndMethodDesc)2114     public static final boolean cacheRegisterMap(String classAndMethodDesc) {
2115         return VMDebug.cacheRegisterMap(classAndMethodDesc);
2116     }
2117 
2118     /**
2119      * Dumps the contents of VM reference tables (e.g. JNI locals and
2120      * globals) to the log file.
2121      *
2122      * @hide
2123      */
2124     @UnsupportedAppUsage
dumpReferenceTables()2125     public static final void dumpReferenceTables() {
2126         VMDebug.dumpReferenceTables();
2127     }
2128 
2129     /**
2130      * API for gathering and querying instruction counts.
2131      *
2132      * Example usage:
2133      * <pre>
2134      *   Debug.InstructionCount icount = new Debug.InstructionCount();
2135      *   icount.resetAndStart();
2136      *    [... do lots of stuff ...]
2137      *   if (icount.collect()) {
2138      *       System.out.println("Total instructions executed: "
2139      *           + icount.globalTotal());
2140      *       System.out.println("Method invocations: "
2141      *           + icount.globalMethodInvocations());
2142      *   }
2143      * </pre>
2144      *
2145      * @deprecated Instruction counting is no longer supported.
2146      */
2147     @Deprecated
2148     public static class InstructionCount {
InstructionCount()2149         public InstructionCount() {
2150         }
2151 
2152         /**
2153          * Reset counters and ensure counts are running.  Counts may
2154          * have already been running.
2155          *
2156          * @return true if counting was started
2157          */
resetAndStart()2158         public boolean resetAndStart() {
2159             return false;
2160         }
2161 
2162         /**
2163          * Collect instruction counts.  May or may not stop the
2164          * counting process.
2165          */
collect()2166         public boolean collect() {
2167             return false;
2168         }
2169 
2170         /**
2171          * Return the total number of instructions executed globally (i.e. in
2172          * all threads).
2173          */
globalTotal()2174         public int globalTotal() {
2175             return 0;
2176         }
2177 
2178         /**
2179          * Return the total number of method-invocation instructions
2180          * executed globally.
2181          */
globalMethodInvocations()2182         public int globalMethodInvocations() {
2183             return 0;
2184         }
2185     }
2186 
2187     /**
2188      * A Map of typed debug properties.
2189      */
2190     private static final TypedProperties debugProperties;
2191 
2192     /*
2193      * Load the debug properties from the standard files into debugProperties.
2194      */
2195     static {
2196         if (false) {
2197             final String TAG = "DebugProperties";
2198             final String[] files = { "/system/debug.prop", "/debug.prop", "/data/debug.prop" };
2199             final TypedProperties tp = new TypedProperties();
2200 
2201             // Read the properties from each of the files, if present.
2202             for (String file : files) {
2203                 Reader r;
2204                 try {
2205                     r = new FileReader(file);
2206                 } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
2207                     // It's ok if a file is missing.
2208                     continue;
2209                 }
2210 
2211                 try {
2212                     tp.load(r);
2213                 } catch (Exception ex) {
2214                     throw new RuntimeException("Problem loading " + file, ex);
2215                 } finally {
2216                     try {
r.close()2217                         r.close();
2218                     } catch (IOException ex) {
2219                         // Ignore this error.
2220                     }
2221                 }
2222             }
2223 
2224             debugProperties = tp.isEmpty() ? null : tp;
2225         } else {
2226             debugProperties = null;
2227         }
2228     }
2229 
2230 
2231     /**
2232      * Returns true if the type of the field matches the specified class.
2233      * Handles the case where the class is, e.g., java.lang.Boolean, but
2234      * the field is of the primitive "boolean" type.  Also handles all of
2235      * the java.lang.Number subclasses.
2236      */
fieldTypeMatches(Field field, Class<?> cl)2237     private static boolean fieldTypeMatches(Field field, Class<?> cl) {
2238         Class<?> fieldClass = field.getType();
2239         if (fieldClass == cl) {
2240             return true;
2241         }
2242         Field primitiveTypeField;
2243         try {
2244             /* All of the classes we care about (Boolean, Integer, etc.)
2245              * have a Class field called "TYPE" that points to the corresponding
2246              * primitive class.
2247              */
2248             primitiveTypeField = cl.getField("TYPE");
2249         } catch (NoSuchFieldException ex) {
2250             return false;
2251         }
2252         try {
2253             return fieldClass == (Class<?>) primitiveTypeField.get(null);
2254         } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
2255             return false;
2256         }
2257     }
2258 
2259 
2260     /**
2261      * Looks up the property that corresponds to the field, and sets the field's value
2262      * if the types match.
2263      */
modifyFieldIfSet(final Field field, final TypedProperties properties, final String propertyName)2264     private static void modifyFieldIfSet(final Field field, final TypedProperties properties,
2265                                          final String propertyName) {
2266         if (field.getType() == java.lang.String.class) {
2267             int stringInfo = properties.getStringInfo(propertyName);
2268             switch (stringInfo) {
2269                 case TypedProperties.STRING_SET:
2270                     // Handle as usual below.
2271                     break;
2272                 case TypedProperties.STRING_NULL:
2273                     try {
2274                         field.set(null, null);  // null object for static fields; null string
2275                     } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
2276                         throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2277                             "Cannot set field for " + propertyName, ex);
2278                     }
2279                     return;
2280                 case TypedProperties.STRING_NOT_SET:
2281                     return;
2282                 case TypedProperties.STRING_TYPE_MISMATCH:
2283                     throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2284                         "Type of " + propertyName + " " +
2285                         " does not match field type (" + field.getType() + ")");
2286                 default:
2287                     throw new IllegalStateException(
2288                         "Unexpected getStringInfo(" + propertyName + ") return value " +
2289                         stringInfo);
2290             }
2291         }
2292         Object value = properties.get(propertyName);
2293         if (value != null) {
2294             if (!fieldTypeMatches(field, value.getClass())) {
2295                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2296                     "Type of " + propertyName + " (" + value.getClass() + ") " +
2297                     " does not match field type (" + field.getType() + ")");
2298             }
2299             try {
2300                 field.set(null, value);  // null object for static fields
2301             } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
2302                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2303                     "Cannot set field for " + propertyName, ex);
2304             }
2305         }
2306     }
2307 
2308 
2309     /**
2310      * Equivalent to <code>setFieldsOn(cl, false)</code>.
2311      *
2312      * @see #setFieldsOn(Class, boolean)
2313      *
2314      * @hide
2315      */
setFieldsOn(Class<?> cl)2316     public static void setFieldsOn(Class<?> cl) {
2317         setFieldsOn(cl, false);
2318     }
2319 
2320     /**
2321      * Reflectively sets static fields of a class based on internal debugging
2322      * properties.  This method is a no-op if false is
2323      * false.
2324      * <p>
2325      * <strong>NOTE TO APPLICATION DEVELOPERS</strong>: false will
2326      * always be false in release builds.  This API is typically only useful
2327      * for platform developers.
2328      * </p>
2329      * Class setup: define a class whose only fields are non-final, static
2330      * primitive types (except for "char") or Strings.  In a static block
2331      * after the field definitions/initializations, pass the class to
2332      * this method, Debug.setFieldsOn(). Example:
2333      * <pre>
2334      * package com.example;
2335      *
2336      * import android.os.Debug;
2337      *
2338      * public class MyDebugVars {
2339      *    public static String s = "a string";
2340      *    public static String s2 = "second string";
2341      *    public static String ns = null;
2342      *    public static boolean b = false;
2343      *    public static int i = 5;
2344      *    @Debug.DebugProperty
2345      *    public static float f = 0.1f;
2346      *    @@Debug.DebugProperty
2347      *    public static double d = 0.5d;
2348      *
2349      *    // This MUST appear AFTER all fields are defined and initialized!
2350      *    static {
2351      *        // Sets all the fields
2352      *        Debug.setFieldsOn(MyDebugVars.class);
2353      *
2354      *        // Sets only the fields annotated with @Debug.DebugProperty
2355      *        // Debug.setFieldsOn(MyDebugVars.class, true);
2356      *    }
2357      * }
2358      * </pre>
2359      * setFieldsOn() may override the value of any field in the class based
2360      * on internal properties that are fixed at boot time.
2361      * <p>
2362      * These properties are only set during platform debugging, and are not
2363      * meant to be used as a general-purpose properties store.
2364      *
2365      * {@hide}
2366      *
2367      * @param cl The class to (possibly) modify
2368      * @param partial If false, sets all static fields, otherwise, only set
2369      *        fields with the {@link android.os.Debug.DebugProperty}
2370      *        annotation
2371      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any fields are final or non-static,
2372      *         or if the type of the field does not match the type of
2373      *         the internal debugging property value.
2374      */
setFieldsOn(Class<?> cl, boolean partial)2375     public static void setFieldsOn(Class<?> cl, boolean partial) {
2376         if (false) {
2377             if (debugProperties != null) {
2378                 /* Only look for fields declared directly by the class,
2379                  * so we don't mysteriously change static fields in superclasses.
2380                  */
2381                 for (Field field : cl.getDeclaredFields()) {
2382                     if (!partial || field.getAnnotation(DebugProperty.class) != null) {
2383                         final String propertyName = cl.getName() + "." + field.getName();
2384                         boolean isStatic = Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers());
2385                         boolean isFinal = Modifier.isFinal(field.getModifiers());
2386 
2387                         if (!isStatic || isFinal) {
2388                             throw new IllegalArgumentException(propertyName +
2389                                 " must be static and non-final");
2390                         }
2391                         modifyFieldIfSet(field, debugProperties, propertyName);
2392                     }
2393                 }
2394             }
2395         } else {
2396             Log.wtf(TAG,
2397                   "setFieldsOn(" + (cl == null ? "null" : cl.getName()) +
2398                   ") called in non-DEBUG build");
2399         }
2400     }
2401 
2402     /**
2403      * Annotation to put on fields you want to set with
2404      * {@link Debug#setFieldsOn(Class, boolean)}.
2405      *
2406      * @hide
2407      */
2408     @Target({ ElementType.FIELD })
2409     @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
2410     public @interface DebugProperty {
2411     }
2412 
2413     /**
2414      * Get a debugging dump of a system service by name.
2415      *
2416      * <p>Most services require the caller to hold android.permission.DUMP.
2417      *
2418      * @param name of the service to dump
2419      * @param fd to write dump output to (usually an output log file)
2420      * @param args to pass to the service's dump method, may be null
2421      * @return true if the service was dumped successfully, false if
2422      *     the service could not be found or had an error while dumping
2423      */
dumpService(String name, FileDescriptor fd, String[] args)2424     public static boolean dumpService(String name, FileDescriptor fd, String[] args) {
2425         IBinder service = ServiceManager.getService(name);
2426         if (service == null) {
2427             Log.e(TAG, "Can't find service to dump: " + name);
2428             return false;
2429         }
2430 
2431         try {
2432             service.dump(fd, args);
2433             return true;
2434         } catch (RemoteException e) {
2435             Log.e(TAG, "Can't dump service: " + name, e);
2436             return false;
2437         }
2438     }
2439 
2440     /**
2441      * Append the Java stack traces of a given native process to a specified file.
2442      *
2443      * @param pid pid to dump.
2444      * @param file path of file to append dump to.
2445      * @param timeoutSecs time to wait in seconds, or 0 to wait forever.
2446      * @hide
2447      */
dumpJavaBacktraceToFileTimeout(int pid, String file, int timeoutSecs)2448     public static native boolean dumpJavaBacktraceToFileTimeout(int pid, String file,
2449                                                                 int timeoutSecs);
2450 
2451     /**
2452      * Append the native stack traces of a given process to a specified file.
2453      *
2454      * @param pid pid to dump.
2455      * @param file path of file to append dump to.
2456      * @param timeoutSecs time to wait in seconds, or 0 to wait forever.
2457      * @hide
2458      */
dumpNativeBacktraceToFileTimeout(int pid, String file, int timeoutSecs)2459     public static native boolean dumpNativeBacktraceToFileTimeout(int pid, String file,
2460                                                                   int timeoutSecs);
2461 
2462     /**
2463      * Get description of unreachable native memory.
2464      * @param limit the number of leaks to provide info on, 0 to only get a summary.
2465      * @param contents true to include a hex dump of the contents of unreachable memory.
2466      * @return the String containing a description of unreachable memory.
2467      * @hide */
getUnreachableMemory(int limit, boolean contents)2468     public static native String getUnreachableMemory(int limit, boolean contents);
2469 
2470     /**
2471      * Return a String describing the calling method and location at a particular stack depth.
2472      * @param callStack the Thread stack
2473      * @param depth the depth of stack to return information for.
2474      * @return the String describing the caller at that depth.
2475      */
getCaller(StackTraceElement callStack[], int depth)2476     private static String getCaller(StackTraceElement callStack[], int depth) {
2477         // callStack[4] is the caller of the method that called getCallers()
2478         if (4 + depth >= callStack.length) {
2479             return "<bottom of call stack>";
2480         }
2481         StackTraceElement caller = callStack[4 + depth];
2482         return caller.getClassName() + "." + caller.getMethodName() + ":" + caller.getLineNumber();
2483     }
2484 
2485     /**
2486      * Return a string consisting of methods and locations at multiple call stack levels.
2487      * @param depth the number of levels to return, starting with the immediate caller.
2488      * @return a string describing the call stack.
2489      * {@hide}
2490      */
2491     @UnsupportedAppUsage
getCallers(final int depth)2492     public static String getCallers(final int depth) {
2493         final StackTraceElement[] callStack = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace();
2494         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
2495         for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
2496             sb.append(getCaller(callStack, i)).append(" ");
2497         }
2498         return sb.toString();
2499     }
2500 
2501     /**
2502      * Return a string consisting of methods and locations at multiple call stack levels.
2503      * @param depth the number of levels to return, starting with the immediate caller.
2504      * @return a string describing the call stack.
2505      * {@hide}
2506      */
getCallers(final int start, int depth)2507     public static String getCallers(final int start, int depth) {
2508         final StackTraceElement[] callStack = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace();
2509         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
2510         depth += start;
2511         for (int i = start; i < depth; i++) {
2512             sb.append(getCaller(callStack, i)).append(" ");
2513         }
2514         return sb.toString();
2515     }
2516 
2517     /**
2518      * Like {@link #getCallers(int)}, but each location is append to the string
2519      * as a new line with <var>linePrefix</var> in front of it.
2520      * @param depth the number of levels to return, starting with the immediate caller.
2521      * @param linePrefix prefix to put in front of each location.
2522      * @return a string describing the call stack.
2523      * {@hide}
2524      */
getCallers(final int depth, String linePrefix)2525     public static String getCallers(final int depth, String linePrefix) {
2526         final StackTraceElement[] callStack = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace();
2527         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
2528         for (int i = 0; i < depth; i++) {
2529             sb.append(linePrefix).append(getCaller(callStack, i)).append("\n");
2530         }
2531         return sb.toString();
2532     }
2533 
2534     /**
2535      * @return a String describing the immediate caller of the calling method.
2536      * {@hide}
2537      */
2538     @UnsupportedAppUsage
getCaller()2539     public static String getCaller() {
2540         return getCaller(Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace(), 0);
2541     }
2542 
2543     /**
2544      * Attach a library as a jvmti agent to the current runtime, with the given classloader
2545      * determining the library search path.
2546      * <p>
2547      * Note: agents may only be attached to debuggable apps. Otherwise, this function will
2548      * throw a SecurityException.
2549      *
2550      * @param library the library containing the agent.
2551      * @param options the options passed to the agent.
2552      * @param classLoader the classloader determining the library search path.
2553      *
2554      * @throws IOException if the agent could not be attached.
2555      * @throws SecurityException if the app is not debuggable.
2556      */
attachJvmtiAgent(@onNull String library, @Nullable String options, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader)2557     public static void attachJvmtiAgent(@NonNull String library, @Nullable String options,
2558             @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) throws IOException {
2559         Preconditions.checkNotNull(library);
2560         Preconditions.checkArgument(!library.contains("="));
2561 
2562         if (options == null) {
2563             VMDebug.attachAgent(library, classLoader);
2564         } else {
2565             VMDebug.attachAgent(library + "=" + options, classLoader);
2566         }
2567     }
2568 
2569     /**
2570      * Return the current free ZRAM usage in kilobytes.
2571      *
2572      * @hide
2573      */
getZramFreeKb()2574     public static native long getZramFreeKb();
2575 
2576     /**
2577      * Return memory size in kilobytes allocated for ION heaps.
2578      *
2579      * @hide
2580      */
getIonHeapsSizeKb()2581     public static native long getIonHeapsSizeKb();
2582 
2583     /**
2584      * Return memory size in kilobytes allocated for ION pools.
2585      *
2586      * @hide
2587      */
getIonPoolsSizeKb()2588     public static native long getIonPoolsSizeKb();
2589 
2590     /**
2591      * Return ION memory mapped by processes in kB.
2592      * Notes:
2593      *  * Warning: Might impact performance as it reads /proc/<pid>/maps files for each process.
2594      *
2595      * @hide
2596      */
getIonMappedSizeKb()2597     public static native long getIonMappedSizeKb();
2598 
2599     /**
2600      * Return whether virtually-mapped kernel stacks are enabled (CONFIG_VMAP_STACK).
2601      * Note: caller needs config_gz read sepolicy permission
2602      *
2603      * @hide
2604      */
isVmapStack()2605     public static native boolean isVmapStack();
2606 }
2607