1 /*	$NetBSD: res_query.c,v 1.7 2006/01/24 17:41:25 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
5  *    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  * 	This product includes software developed by the University of
18  * 	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
19  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 /*
37  * Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
38  *
39  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
40  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
41  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
42  * the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
43  * publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
44  * specific, written prior permission.
45  *
46  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
47  * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
48  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.   IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
49  * CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
50  * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
51  * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
52  * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
53  * SOFTWARE.
54  */
55 
56 /*
57  * Copyright (c) 2004 by Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
58  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-1999 by Internet Software Consortium.
59  *
60  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
61  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
62  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
63  *
64  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
65  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
66  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR
67  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
68  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
69  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
70  * OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
71  */
72 
73 #define LOG_TAG "resolv"
74 
75 #include <arpa/inet.h>
76 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
77 #include <ctype.h>
78 #include <errno.h>
79 #include <netdb.h>
80 #include <netinet/in.h>
81 #include <sys/param.h>
82 #include <stdlib.h>
83 #include <string.h>
84 #include <unistd.h>
85 
86 #include <android-base/logging.h>
87 
88 #include "res_debug.h"
89 #include "resolv_cache.h"
90 #include "resolv_private.h"
91 
92 /*
93  * Formulate a normal query, send, and await answer.
94  * Returned answer is placed in supplied buffer "answer".
95  * Perform preliminary check of answer, returning success only
96  * if no error is indicated and the answer count is nonzero.
97  * Return the size of the response on success, -1 on error.
98  * Error number is left in *herrno.
99  *
100  * Caller must parse answer and determine whether it answers the question.
101  */
res_nquery(res_state statp,const char * name,int cl,int type,uint8_t * answer,int anslen,int * herrno)102 int res_nquery(res_state statp, const char* name,  // domain name
103                int cl, int type,                   // class and type of query
104                uint8_t* answer,                    // buffer to put answer
105                int anslen,                         // size of answer buffer
106                int* herrno)                        // legacy and extended h_errno
107                                                    // NETD_RESOLV_H_ERRNO_EXT_*
108 {
109     uint8_t buf[MAXPACKET];
110     HEADER* hp = (HEADER*) (void*) answer;
111     int n;
112     int rcode = NOERROR;
113     bool retried = false;
114 
115 again:
116     hp->rcode = NOERROR;  // default
117 
118     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": (" << cl << ", " << type << ")";
119 
120     n = res_nmkquery(QUERY, name, cl, type, /*data=*/nullptr, 0, buf, sizeof(buf),
121                      statp->netcontext_flags);
122     if (n > 0 &&
123         (statp->netcontext_flags &
124          (NET_CONTEXT_FLAG_USE_DNS_OVER_TLS | NET_CONTEXT_FLAG_USE_EDNS)) &&
125         !retried)
126         n = res_nopt(statp, n, buf, sizeof(buf), anslen);
127     if (n <= 0) {
128         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": mkquery failed";
129         *herrno = NO_RECOVERY;
130         return n;
131     }
132     n = res_nsend(statp, buf, n, answer, anslen, &rcode, 0);
133     if (n < 0) {
134         // If the query choked with EDNS0, retry without EDNS0 that when the server
135         // has no response, resovler won't retry and do nothing. Even fallback to UDP,
136         // we also has the same symptom if EDNS is enabled.
137         if ((statp->netcontext_flags &
138              (NET_CONTEXT_FLAG_USE_DNS_OVER_TLS | NET_CONTEXT_FLAG_USE_EDNS)) &&
139             (statp->_flags & RES_F_EDNS0ERR) && !retried) {
140             LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": retry without EDNS0";
141             retried = true;
142             goto again;
143         }
144         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": send error";
145 
146         // Note that rcodes SERVFAIL, NOTIMP, REFUSED may cause res_nquery() to return a general
147         // error code EAI_AGAIN, but mapping the error code from rcode as res_queryN() does for
148         // getaddrinfo(). Different rcodes trigger different behaviors:
149         //
150         // - SERVFAIL, NOTIMP, REFUSED
151         //   These result in send_dg() returning 0, causing res_nsend() to try the next
152         //   nameserver. After all nameservers failed, res_nsend() returns -ETIMEDOUT, causing
153         //   res_nquery() to return EAI_AGAIN here regardless of the rcode from the DNS response.
154         //
155         // - NXDOMAIN, FORMERR
156         //   These rcodes may cause res_nsend() to return successfully (i.e. the result is a
157         //   positive integer). In this case, res_nquery() returns error number by referring
158         //   the rcode from the DNS response.
159         switch (rcode) {
160             case RCODE_TIMEOUT:  // Not defined in RFC.
161                 // DNS metrics monitors DNS query timeout.
162                 *herrno = NETD_RESOLV_H_ERRNO_EXT_TIMEOUT;  // extended h_errno.
163                 break;
164             default:
165                 *herrno = TRY_AGAIN;
166                 break;
167         }
168         return n;
169     }
170 
171     if (hp->rcode != NOERROR || ntohs(hp->ancount) == 0) {
172         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": rcode = (" << p_rcode(hp->rcode)
173                    << "), counts = an:" << ntohs(hp->ancount) << " ns:" << ntohs(hp->nscount)
174                    << " ar:" << ntohs(hp->arcount);
175 
176         switch (hp->rcode) {
177             case NXDOMAIN:
178                 *herrno = HOST_NOT_FOUND;
179                 break;
180             case SERVFAIL:
181                 *herrno = TRY_AGAIN;
182                 break;
183             case NOERROR:
184                 *herrno = NO_DATA;
185                 break;
186             case FORMERR:
187             case NOTIMP:
188             case REFUSED:
189             default:
190                 *herrno = NO_RECOVERY;
191                 break;
192         }
193         return -1;
194     }
195     return n;
196 }
197 
198 /*
199  * Formulate a normal query, send, and retrieve answer in supplied buffer.
200  * Return the size of the response on success, -1 on error.
201  * If enabled, implement search rules until answer or unrecoverable failure
202  * is detected.  Error code, if any, is left in *herrno.
203  */
res_nsearch(res_state statp,const char * name,int cl,int type,uint8_t * answer,int anslen,int * herrno)204 int res_nsearch(res_state statp, const char* name, /* domain name */
205                 int cl, int type,                  /* class and type of query */
206                 uint8_t* answer,                   /* buffer to put answer */
207                 int anslen,                        /* size of answer */
208                 int* herrno)                       /* legacy and extended
209                                                       h_errno NETD_RESOLV_H_ERRNO_EXT_* */
210 {
211     const char* cp;
212     HEADER* hp = (HEADER*) (void*) answer;
213     uint32_t dots;
214     int ret, saved_herrno;
215     int got_nodata = 0, got_servfail = 0, root_on_list = 0;
216     int tried_as_is = 0;
217 
218     errno = 0;
219     *herrno = HOST_NOT_FOUND; /* True if we never query. */
220 
221     dots = 0;
222     for (cp = name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) dots += (*cp == '.');
223     const bool trailing_dot = (cp > name && *--cp == '.') ? true : false;
224 
225     /*
226      * If there are enough dots in the name, let's just give it a
227      * try 'as is'. The threshold can be set with the "ndots" option.
228      * Also, query 'as is', if there is a trailing dot in the name.
229      */
230     saved_herrno = -1;
231     if (dots >= statp->ndots || trailing_dot) {
232         ret = res_nquerydomain(statp, name, NULL, cl, type, answer, anslen, herrno);
233         if (ret > 0 || trailing_dot) return ret;
234         saved_herrno = *herrno;
235         tried_as_is++;
236     }
237 
238     /*
239      * We do at least one level of search if
240      *	- there is no dot, or
241      *	- there is at least one dot and there is no trailing dot.
242      */
243     if ((!dots) || (dots && !trailing_dot)) {
244         int done = 0;
245 
246         /* Unfortunately we need to load network-specific info
247          * (dns servers, search domains) before
248          * the domain stuff is tried.  Will have a better
249          * fix after thread pools are used as this will
250          * be loaded once for the thread instead of each
251          * time a query is tried.
252          */
253         resolv_populate_res_for_net(statp);
254 
255         for (const auto& domain : statp->search_domains) {
256             if (domain == "." || domain == "") ++root_on_list;
257 
258             ret = res_nquerydomain(statp, name, domain.c_str(), cl, type, answer, anslen, herrno);
259             if (ret > 0) return ret;
260 
261             /*
262              * If no server present, give up.
263              * If name isn't found in this domain,
264              * keep trying higher domains in the search list
265              * (if that's enabled).
266              * On a NO_DATA error, keep trying, otherwise
267              * a wildcard entry of another type could keep us
268              * from finding this entry higher in the domain.
269              * If we get some other error (negative answer or
270              * server failure), then stop searching up,
271              * but try the input name below in case it's
272              * fully-qualified.
273              */
274             if (errno == ECONNREFUSED) {
275                 *herrno = TRY_AGAIN;
276                 return -1;
277             }
278 
279             switch (*herrno) {
280                 case NO_DATA:
281                     got_nodata++;
282                     break;
283                 case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
284                     /* keep trying */
285                     break;
286                 case TRY_AGAIN:
287                     if (hp->rcode == SERVFAIL) {
288                         /* try next search element, if any */
289                         got_servfail++;
290                         break;
291                     }
292                     [[fallthrough]];
293                 default:
294                     /* anything else implies that we're done */
295                     done++;
296             }
297         }
298     }
299 
300     // if we have not already tried the name "as is", do that now.
301     // note that we do this regardless of how many dots were in the
302     // name or whether it ends with a dot.
303     if (!tried_as_is && !root_on_list) {
304         ret = res_nquerydomain(statp, name, NULL, cl, type, answer, anslen, herrno);
305         if (ret > 0) return ret;
306     }
307 
308     /* if we got here, we didn't satisfy the search.
309      * if we did an initial full query, return that query's H_ERRNO
310      * (note that we wouldn't be here if that query had succeeded).
311      * else if we ever got a nodata, send that back as the reason.
312      * else send back meaningless H_ERRNO, that being the one from
313      * the last DNSRCH we did.
314      */
315     if (saved_herrno != -1)
316         *herrno = saved_herrno;
317     else if (got_nodata)
318         *herrno = NO_DATA;
319     else if (got_servfail)
320         *herrno = TRY_AGAIN;
321     return -1;
322 }
323 
324 /*
325  * Perform a call on res_query on the concatenation of name and domain,
326  * removing a trailing dot from name if domain is NULL.
327  */
res_nquerydomain(res_state statp,const char * name,const char * domain,int cl,int type,uint8_t * answer,int anslen,int * herrno)328 int res_nquerydomain(res_state statp, const char* name, const char* domain, int cl,
329                      int type,        /* class and type of query */
330                      uint8_t* answer, /* buffer to put answer */
331                      int anslen,      /* size of answer */
332                      int* herrno)     /* legacy and extended h_errno NETD_RESOLV_H_ERRNO_EXT_* */
333 {
334     char nbuf[MAXDNAME];
335     const char* longname = nbuf;
336     int n, d;
337 
338     if (domain == NULL) {
339         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": (null, " << cl << ", " << type << ")";
340         /*
341          * Check for trailing '.';
342          * copy without '.' if present.
343          */
344         n = strlen(name);
345         if (n >= MAXDNAME) {
346             *herrno = NO_RECOVERY;
347             return -1;
348         }
349         n--;
350         if (n >= 0 && name[n] == '.') {
351             strncpy(nbuf, name, (size_t) n);
352             nbuf[n] = '\0';
353         } else
354             longname = name;
355     } else {
356         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": (" << cl << ", " << type << ")";
357         n = strlen(name);
358         d = strlen(domain);
359         if (n + d + 1 >= MAXDNAME) {
360             *herrno = NO_RECOVERY;
361             return -1;
362         }
363         snprintf(nbuf, sizeof(nbuf), "%s.%s", name, domain);
364     }
365     return res_nquery(statp, longname, cl, type, answer, anslen, herrno);
366 }
367