1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #ifndef CFI_SHADOW_H
18 #define CFI_SHADOW_H
19 
20 #include <stdint.h>
21 
22 #include "platform/bionic/page.h"
23 #include "platform/bionic/macros.h"
24 
25 constexpr unsigned kLibraryAlignmentBits = 18;
26 constexpr size_t kLibraryAlignment = 1UL << kLibraryAlignmentBits;
27 
28 // This class defines format of the shadow region for Control Flow Integrity support.
29 // See documentation in http://clang.llvm.org/docs/ControlFlowIntegrityDesign.html#shared-library-support.
30 //
31 // CFI shadow is effectively a very fast and specialized implementation of dladdr: given an address that
32 // belongs to a shared library or an executable, it can find the address of a specific export in that
33 // library (a function called "__cfi_check"). This is only guaranteed to work for
34 // addresses of possible CFI targets inside a library: indirectly called functions and virtual
35 // tables. A random address inside a library may not work in the future (but it does in the current
36 // implementation).
37 //
38 // Implementation is a sparse array of uint16_t where each element describes the location of
39 // __cfi_check for a 2**kShadowGranularity range of memory. Array elements (called "shadow values"
40 // below) are interpreted as follows.
41 //
42 // For an address P and corresponding shadow value V, the address of __cfi_check is calculated as
43 //   align_up(P, 2**kShadowGranularity) - (V - 2) * (2 ** kCfiCheckGranularity)
44 //
45 // Special shadow values:
46 //        0 = kInvalidShadow, this memory range has no valid CFI targets.
47 //        1 = kUncheckedShadow, any address is this memory range is a valid CFI target
48 //
49 // Loader requirement: each aligned 2**kShadowGranularity region of address space may contain at
50 // most one DSO.
51 // Compiler requirement: __cfi_check is aligned at kCfiCheckGranularity.
52 // Compiler requirement: __cfi_check for a given DSO is located below any CFI target for that DSO.
53 class CFIShadow {
54  public:
55   static constexpr uintptr_t kShadowGranularity = kLibraryAlignmentBits;
56   static constexpr uintptr_t kCfiCheckGranularity = 12;
57 
58   // Each uint16_t element of the shadow corresponds to this much application memory.
59   static constexpr uintptr_t kShadowAlign = 1UL << kShadowGranularity;
60 
61   // Alignment of __cfi_check.
62   static constexpr uintptr_t kCfiCheckAlign = 1UL << kCfiCheckGranularity;  // 4K
63 
64 #if defined (__LP64__)
65   static constexpr uintptr_t kMaxTargetAddr = 0xffffffffffff;
66 #else
67   static constexpr uintptr_t kMaxTargetAddr = 0xffffffff;
68 #endif
69 
70   // Shadow is 2 -> 2**kShadowGranularity.
71   static constexpr uintptr_t kShadowSize =
72       align_up((kMaxTargetAddr >> (kShadowGranularity - 1)), PAGE_SIZE);
73 
74   // Returns offset inside the shadow region for an address.
MemToShadowOffset(uintptr_t x)75   static constexpr uintptr_t MemToShadowOffset(uintptr_t x) {
76     return (x >> kShadowGranularity) << 1;
77   }
78 
79   typedef int (*CFICheckFn)(uint64_t, void *, void *);
80 
81  public:
82   enum ShadowValues : uint16_t {
83     kInvalidShadow = 0,    // Not a valid CFI target.
84     kUncheckedShadow = 1,  // Unchecked, valid CFI target.
85     kRegularShadowMin = 2  // This and all higher values encode a negative offset to __cfi_check in
86                            // the units of kCfiCheckGranularity, starting with 0 at
87                            // kRegularShadowMin.
88   };
89 };
90 
91 #endif  // CFI_SHADOW_H
92