xref: /external/autotest/server/server_job.py

# Lint as: python2, python3
# pylint: disable-msg=C0111

# Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.
"""
The main job wrapper for the server side.

This is the core infrastructure. Derived from the client side job.py

Copyright Martin J. Bligh, Andy Whitcroft 2007
"""

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

import errno
import fcntl
import getpass
import itertools
import logging
import os
import pickle
import platform
import re
import select
import shutil
import sys
import tempfile
import time
import traceback
import uuid
import warnings

from datetime import datetime

from autotest_lib.client.bin import sysinfo
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import base_job
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import control_data
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import error
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import logging_manager
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import packages
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import utils
from autotest_lib.client.common_lib import seven
from autotest_lib.server import profilers
from autotest_lib.server import site_gtest_runner
from autotest_lib.server import subcommand
from autotest_lib.server import test
from autotest_lib.server.autotest import OFFLOAD_ENVVAR
from autotest_lib.server import utils as server_utils
from autotest_lib.server.cros.dynamic_suite import frontend_wrappers
from autotest_lib.server import hosts
from autotest_lib.server.hosts import abstract_ssh
from autotest_lib.server.hosts import afe_store
from autotest_lib.server.hosts import file_store
from autotest_lib.server.hosts import shadowing_store
from autotest_lib.server.hosts import factory as host_factory
from autotest_lib.server.hosts import host_info
from autotest_lib.server.hosts import ssh_multiplex
from autotest_lib.tko import models as tko_models
from autotest_lib.tko import parser_lib
from six.moves import zip

try:
    from chromite.lib import metrics
except ImportError:
    metrics = utils.metrics_mock


def _control_segment_path(name):
    """Get the pathname of the named control segment file."""
    server_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
    return os.path.join(server_dir, "control_segments", name)


CLIENT_CONTROL_FILENAME = 'control'
SERVER_CONTROL_FILENAME = 'control.srv'
MACHINES_FILENAME = '.machines'
DUT_STATEFUL_PATH = "/usr/local"

CLIENT_WRAPPER_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('client_wrapper')
CLIENT_TRAMPOLINE_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('client_trampoline')
CRASHDUMPS_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('crashdumps')
CRASHINFO_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('crashinfo')
CLEANUP_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('cleanup')
VERIFY_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('verify')
REPAIR_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('repair')
PROVISION_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('provision')
VERIFY_JOB_REPO_URL_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('verify_job_repo_url')
RESET_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('reset')
GET_NETWORK_STATS_CONTROL_FILE = _control_segment_path('get_network_stats')


def get_machine_dicts(machine_names, store_dir, in_lab, use_shadow_store,
                      host_attributes=None):
    """Converts a list of machine names to list of dicts.

    TODO(crbug.com/678430): This function temporarily has a side effect of
    creating files under workdir for backing a FileStore. This side-effect will
    go away once callers of autoserv start passing in the FileStore.

    @param machine_names: A list of machine names.
    @param store_dir: A directory to contain store backing files.
    @param use_shadow_store: If True, we should create a ShadowingStore where
            actual store is backed by the AFE but we create a backing file to
            shadow the store. If False, backing file should already exist at:
            ${store_dir}/${hostname}.store
    @param in_lab: A boolean indicating whether we're running in lab.
    @param host_attributes: Optional list of host attributes to add for each
            host.
    @returns: A list of dicts. Each dict has the following keys:
            'hostname': Name of the machine originally in machine_names (str).
            'afe_host': A frontend.Host object for the machine, or a stub if
                    in_lab is false.
            'host_info_store': A host_info.CachingHostInfoStore object to obtain
                    host information. A stub if in_lab is False.
            'connection_pool': ssh_multiplex.ConnectionPool instance to share
                    ssh connection across control scripts. This is set to
                    None, and should be overridden for connection sharing.
    """
    # See autoserv_parser.parse_args. Only one of in_lab or host_attributes can
    # be provided.
    if in_lab and host_attributes:
        raise error.AutoservError(
                'in_lab and host_attribute are mutually exclusive.')

    machine_dict_list = []
    for machine in machine_names:
        if not in_lab:
            afe_host = server_utils.EmptyAFEHost()
            host_info_store = host_info.InMemoryHostInfoStore()
            if host_attributes is not None:
                afe_host.attributes.update(host_attributes)
                info = host_info.HostInfo(attributes=host_attributes)
                host_info_store.commit(info)
        elif use_shadow_store:
            afe_host = _create_afe_host(machine)
            host_info_store = _create_afe_backed_host_info_store(store_dir,
                                                                 machine)
        else:
            afe_host = server_utils.EmptyAFEHost()
            host_info_store = _create_file_backed_host_info_store(store_dir,
                                                                  machine)

        machine_dict_list.append({
                'hostname' : machine,
                'afe_host' : afe_host,
                'host_info_store': host_info_store,
                'connection_pool': None,
        })

    return machine_dict_list


class status_indenter(base_job.status_indenter):
    """Provide a simple integer-backed status indenter."""
    def __init__(self):
        self._indent = 0


    @property
    def indent(self):
        return self._indent


    def increment(self):
        self._indent += 1


    def decrement(self):
        self._indent -= 1


    def get_context(self):
        """Returns a context object for use by job.get_record_context."""
        class context(object):
            def __init__(self, indenter, indent):
                self._indenter = indenter
                self._indent = indent
            def restore(self):
                self._indenter._indent = self._indent
        return context(self, self._indent)


class server_job_record_hook(object):
    """The job.record hook for server job. Used to inject WARN messages from
    the console or vlm whenever new logs are written, and to echo any logs
    to INFO level logging. Implemented as a class so that it can use state to
    block recursive calls, so that the hook can call job.record itself to
    log WARN messages.

    Depends on job._read_warnings and job._logger.
    """
    def __init__(self, job):
        self._job = job
        self._being_called = False


    def __call__(self, entry):
        """A wrapper around the 'real' record hook, the _hook method, which
        prevents recursion. This isn't making any effort to be threadsafe,
        the intent is to outright block infinite recursion via a
        job.record->_hook->job.record->_hook->job.record... chain."""
        if self._being_called:
            return
        self._being_called = True
        try:
            self._hook(self._job, entry)
        finally:
            self._being_called = False


    @staticmethod
    def _hook(job, entry):
        """The core hook, which can safely call job.record."""
        entries = []
        # poll all our warning loggers for new warnings
        for timestamp, msg in job._read_warnings():
            warning_entry = base_job.status_log_entry(
                'WARN', None, None, msg, {}, timestamp=timestamp)
            entries.append(warning_entry)
            job.record_entry(warning_entry)
        # echo rendered versions of all the status logs to info
        entries.append(entry)
        for entry in entries:
            rendered_entry = job._logger.render_entry(entry)
            logging.info(rendered_entry)


class server_job(base_job.base_job):
    """The server-side concrete implementation of base_job.

    Optional properties provided by this implementation:
        serverdir

        warning_manager
        warning_loggers
    """

    _STATUS_VERSION = 1

    # TODO crbug.com/285395 eliminate ssh_verbosity_flag
    def __init__(self, control, args, resultdir, label, user, machines,
                 machine_dict_list,
                 client=False,
                 ssh_user=host_factory.DEFAULT_SSH_USER,
                 ssh_port=host_factory.DEFAULT_SSH_PORT,
                 ssh_pass=host_factory.DEFAULT_SSH_PASS,
                 ssh_verbosity_flag=host_factory.DEFAULT_SSH_VERBOSITY,
                 ssh_options=host_factory.DEFAULT_SSH_OPTIONS,
                 group_name='',
                 tag='', disable_sysinfo=False,
                 control_filename=SERVER_CONTROL_FILENAME,
                 parent_job_id=None, in_lab=False,
                 use_client_trampoline=False,
                 sync_offload_dir=''):
        """
        Create a server side job object.

        @param control: The pathname of the control file.
        @param args: Passed to the control file.
        @param resultdir: Where to throw the results.
        @param label: Description of the job.
        @param user: Username for the job (email address).
        @param machines: A list of hostnames of the machines to use for the job.
        @param machine_dict_list: A list of dicts for each of the machines above
                as returned by get_machine_dicts.
        @param client: True if this is a client-side control file.
        @param ssh_user: The SSH username.  [root]
        @param ssh_port: The SSH port number.  [22]
        @param ssh_pass: The SSH passphrase, if needed.
        @param ssh_verbosity_flag: The SSH verbosity flag, '-v', '-vv',
                '-vvv', or an empty string if not needed.
        @param ssh_options: A string giving additional options that will be
                included in ssh commands.
        @param group_name: If supplied, this will be written out as
                host_group_name in the keyvals file for the parser.
        @param tag: The job execution tag from the scheduler.  [optional]
        @param disable_sysinfo: Whether we should disable the sysinfo step of
                tests for a modest shortening of test time.  [optional]
        @param control_filename: The filename where the server control file
                should be written in the results directory.
        @param parent_job_id: Job ID of the parent job. Default to None if the
                job does not have a parent job.
        @param in_lab: Boolean that indicates if this is running in the lab
                environment.
        @param use_client_trampoline: Boolean that indicates whether to
                use the client trampoline flow.  If this is True, control
                is interpreted as the name of the client test to run.
                The client control file will be client_trampoline.  The
                test name will be passed to client_trampoline, which will
                install the test package and re-exec the actual test
                control file.
        @param sync_offload_dir: String; relative path to synchronous offload
                dir, relative to the results directory. Ignored if empty.
        """
        super(server_job, self).__init__(resultdir=resultdir)
        self.control = control
        self._uncollected_log_file = os.path.join(self.resultdir,
                                                  'uncollected_logs')
        debugdir = os.path.join(self.resultdir, 'debug')
        if not os.path.exists(debugdir):
            os.mkdir(debugdir)

        if user:
            self.user = user
        else:
            self.user = getpass.getuser()

        self.args = args
        self.label = label
        self.machines = machines
        self._client = client
        self.warning_loggers = set()
        self.warning_manager = warning_manager()
        self._ssh_user = ssh_user
        self._ssh_port = ssh_port
        self._ssh_pass = ssh_pass
        self._ssh_verbosity_flag = ssh_verbosity_flag
        self._ssh_options = ssh_options
        self.tag = tag
        self.hosts = set()
        self.drop_caches = False
        self.drop_caches_between_iterations = False
        self._control_filename = control_filename
        self._disable_sysinfo = disable_sysinfo
        self._use_client_trampoline = use_client_trampoline

        self.logging = logging_manager.get_logging_manager(
                manage_stdout_and_stderr=True, redirect_fds=True)
        subcommand.logging_manager_object = self.logging

        self.sysinfo = sysinfo.sysinfo(self.resultdir)
        self.profilers = profilers.profilers(self)
        self._sync_offload_dir = sync_offload_dir

        job_data = {'label' : label, 'user' : user,
                    'hostname' : ','.join(machines),
                    'drone' : platform.node(),
                    'status_version' : str(self._STATUS_VERSION),
                    'job_started' : str(int(time.time()))}
        # Save parent job id to keyvals, so parser can retrieve the info and
        # write to tko_jobs record.
        if parent_job_id:
            job_data['parent_job_id'] = parent_job_id
        if group_name:
            job_data['host_group_name'] = group_name

        # only write these keyvals out on the first job in a resultdir
        if 'job_started' not in utils.read_keyval(self.resultdir):
            job_data.update(self._get_job_data())
            utils.write_keyval(self.resultdir, job_data)

        self.pkgmgr = packages.PackageManager(
            self.autodir, run_function_dargs={'timeout':600})

        self._register_subcommand_hooks()

        # We no longer parse results as part of the server_job. These arguments
        # can't be dropped yet because clients haven't all be cleaned up yet.
        self.num_tests_run = -1
        self.num_tests_failed = -1

        # set up the status logger
        self._indenter = status_indenter()
        self._logger = base_job.status_logger(
            self, self._indenter, 'status.log', 'status.log',
            record_hook=server_job_record_hook(self))

        # Initialize a flag to indicate DUT failure during the test, e.g.,
        # unexpected reboot.
        self.failed_with_device_error = False

        self._connection_pool = ssh_multiplex.ConnectionPool()

        # List of functions to run after the main job function.
        self._post_run_hooks = []

        self.parent_job_id = parent_job_id
        self.in_lab = in_lab
        self.machine_dict_list = machine_dict_list
        for machine_dict in self.machine_dict_list:
            machine_dict['connection_pool'] = self._connection_pool

        # TODO(jrbarnette) The harness attribute is only relevant to
        # client jobs, but it's required to be present, or we will fail
        # server job unit tests.  Yes, really.
        #
        # TODO(jrbarnette) The utility of the 'harness' attribute even
        # to client jobs is suspect.  Probably, we should remove it.
        self.harness = None

        # TODO(ayatane): fast and max_result_size_KB are not set for
        # client_trampoline jobs.
        if control and not use_client_trampoline:
            parsed_control = control_data.parse_control(
                    control, raise_warnings=False)
            self.fast = parsed_control.fast
            self.max_result_size_KB = parsed_control.max_result_size_KB
        else:
            self.fast = False
            # Set the maximum result size to be the default specified in
            # global config, if the job has no control file associated.
            self.max_result_size_KB = control_data.DEFAULT_MAX_RESULT_SIZE_KB


    @classmethod
    def _find_base_directories(cls):
        """
        Determine locations of autodir, clientdir and serverdir. Assumes
        that this file is located within serverdir and uses __file__ along
        with relative paths to resolve the location.
        """
        serverdir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
        autodir = os.path.normpath(os.path.join(serverdir, '..'))
        clientdir = os.path.join(autodir, 'client')
        return autodir, clientdir, serverdir


    def _find_resultdir(self, resultdir, *args, **dargs):
        """
        Determine the location of resultdir. For server jobs we expect one to
        always be explicitly passed in to __init__, so just return that.
        """
        if resultdir:
            return os.path.normpath(resultdir)
        else:
            return None


    def _get_status_logger(self):
        """Return a reference to the status logger."""
        return self._logger


    @staticmethod
    def _load_control_file(path):
        f = open(path)
        try:
            control_file = f.read()
        finally:
            f.close()
        return re.sub('\r', '', control_file)


    def _register_subcommand_hooks(self):
        """
        Register some hooks into the subcommand modules that allow us
        to properly clean up self.hosts created in forked subprocesses.
        """
        def on_fork(cmd):
            self._existing_hosts_on_fork = set(self.hosts)
        def on_join(cmd):
            new_hosts = self.hosts - self._existing_hosts_on_fork
            for host in new_hosts:
                host.close()
        subcommand.subcommand.register_fork_hook(on_fork)
        subcommand.subcommand.register_join_hook(on_join)


    # TODO crbug.com/285395 add a kwargs parameter.
    def _make_namespace(self):
        """Create a namespace dictionary to be passed along to control file.

        Creates a namespace argument populated with standard values:
        machines, job, ssh_user, ssh_port, ssh_pass, ssh_verbosity_flag,
        and ssh_options.
        """
        namespace = {'machines' : self.machine_dict_list,
                     'job' : self,
                     'ssh_user' : self._ssh_user,
                     'ssh_port' : self._ssh_port,
                     'ssh_pass' : self._ssh_pass,
                     'ssh_verbosity_flag' : self._ssh_verbosity_flag,
                     'ssh_options' : self._ssh_options}
        return namespace


    def cleanup(self, labels):
        """Cleanup machines.

        @param labels: Comma separated job labels, will be used to
                       determine special task actions.
        """
        if not self.machines:
            raise error.AutoservError('No machines specified to cleanup')
        if self.resultdir:
            os.chdir(self.resultdir)

        namespace = self._make_namespace()
        namespace.update({'job_labels': labels, 'args': ''})
        self._execute_code(CLEANUP_CONTROL_FILE, namespace, protect=False)


    def verify(self, labels):
        """Verify machines are all ssh-able.

        @param labels: Comma separated job labels, will be used to
                       determine special task actions.
        """
        if not self.machines:
            raise error.AutoservError('No machines specified to verify')
        if self.resultdir:
            os.chdir(self.resultdir)

        namespace = self._make_namespace()
        namespace.update({'job_labels': labels, 'args': ''})
        self._execute_code(VERIFY_CONTROL_FILE, namespace, protect=False)


    def reset(self, labels):
        """Reset machines by first cleanup then verify each machine.

        @param labels: Comma separated job labels, will be used to
                       determine special task actions.
        """
        if not self.machines:
            raise error.AutoservError('No machines specified to reset.')
        if self.resultdir:
            os.chdir(self.resultdir)

        namespace = self._make_namespace()
        namespace.update({'job_labels': labels, 'args': ''})
        self._execute_code(RESET_CONTROL_FILE, namespace, protect=False)


    def repair(self, labels):
        """Repair machines.

        @param labels: Comma separated job labels, will be used to
                       determine special task actions.
        """
        if not self.machines:
            raise error.AutoservError('No machines specified to repair')
        if self.resultdir:
            os.chdir(self.resultdir)

        namespace = self._make_namespace()
        namespace.update({'job_labels': labels, 'args': ''})
        self._execute_code(REPAIR_CONTROL_FILE, namespace, protect=False)


    def provision(self, labels):
        """
        Provision all hosts to match |labels|.

        @param labels: A comma seperated string of labels to provision the
                       host to.

        """
        control = self._load_control_file(PROVISION_CONTROL_FILE)
        self.run(control=control, job_labels=labels)


    def precheck(self):
        """
        perform any additional checks in derived classes.
        """
        pass


    def enable_external_logging(self):
        """
        Start or restart external logging mechanism.
        """
        pass


    def disable_external_logging(self):
        """
        Pause or stop external logging mechanism.
        """
        pass


    def use_external_logging(self):
        """
        Return True if external logging should be used.
        """
        return False


    def _make_parallel_wrapper(self, function, machines, log):
        """Wrap function as appropriate for calling by parallel_simple."""
        # machines could be a list of dictionaries, e.g.,
        # [{'host_attributes': {}, 'hostname': '100.96.51.226'}]
        # The dictionary is generated in server_job.__init__, refer to
        # variable machine_dict_list, then passed in with namespace, see method
        # server_job._make_namespace.
        # To compare the machinese to self.machines, which is a list of machine
        # hostname, we need to convert machines back to a list of hostnames.
        if (machines and isinstance(machines, list)
            and isinstance(machines[0], dict)):
            machines = [m['hostname'] for m in machines]
        if len(machines) > 1 and log:
            def wrapper(machine):
                hostname = server_utils.get_hostname_from_machine(machine)
                self.push_execution_context(hostname)
                os.chdir(self.resultdir)
                machine_data = {'hostname' : hostname,
                                'status_version' : str(self._STATUS_VERSION)}
                utils.write_keyval(self.resultdir, machine_data)
                result = function(machine)
                return result
        else:
            wrapper = function
        return wrapper


    def parallel_simple(self, function, machines, log=True, timeout=None,
                        return_results=False):
        """
        Run 'function' using parallel_simple, with an extra wrapper to handle
        the necessary setup for continuous parsing, if possible. If continuous
        parsing is already properly initialized then this should just work.

        @param function: A callable to run in parallel given each machine.
        @param machines: A list of machine names to be passed one per subcommand
                invocation of function.
        @param log: If True, output will be written to output in a subdirectory
                named after each machine.
        @param timeout: Seconds after which the function call should timeout.
        @param return_results: If True instead of an AutoServError being raised
                on any error a list of the results|exceptions from the function
                called on each arg is returned.  [default: False]

        @raises error.AutotestError: If any of the functions failed.
        """
        wrapper = self._make_parallel_wrapper(function, machines, log)
        return subcommand.parallel_simple(
                wrapper, machines,
                subdir_name_constructor=server_utils.get_hostname_from_machine,
                log=log, timeout=timeout, return_results=return_results)


    def parallel_on_machines(self, function, machines, timeout=None):
        """
        @param function: Called in parallel with one machine as its argument.
        @param machines: A list of machines to call function(machine) on.
        @param timeout: Seconds after which the function call should timeout.

        @returns A list of machines on which function(machine) returned
                without raising an exception.
        """
        results = self.parallel_simple(function, machines, timeout=timeout,
                                       return_results=True)
        success_machines = []
        for result, machine in zip(results, machines):
            if not isinstance(result, Exception):
                success_machines.append(machine)
        return success_machines


    def record_skipped_test(self, skipped_test, message=None):
        """Insert a failure record into status.log for this test."""
        msg = message
        if msg is None:
            msg = 'No valid machines found for test %s.' % skipped_test
        logging.info(msg)
        self.record('START', None, skipped_test.test_name)
        self.record('INFO', None, skipped_test.test_name, msg)
        self.record('END TEST_NA', None, skipped_test.test_name, msg)


    def _has_failed_tests(self):
        """Parse status log for failed tests.

        This checks the current working directory and is intended only for use
        by the run() method.

        @return boolean
        """
        path = os.getcwd()

        # TODO(ayatane): Copied from tko/parse.py.  Needs extensive refactor to
        # make code reuse plausible.
        job_keyval = tko_models.job.read_keyval(path)
        status_version = job_keyval.get("status_version", 0)

        # parse out the job
        parser = parser_lib.parser(status_version)
        job = parser.make_job(path)
        status_log = os.path.join(path, "status.log")
        if not os.path.exists(status_log):
            status_log = os.path.join(path, "status")
        if not os.path.exists(status_log):
            logging.warning("! Unable to parse job, no status file")
            return True

        # parse the status logs
        status_lines = open(status_log).readlines()
        parser.start(job)
        tests = parser.end(status_lines)

        # parser.end can return the same object multiple times, so filter out
        # dups
        job.tests = []
        already_added = set()
        for test in tests:
            if test not in already_added:
                already_added.add(test)
                job.tests.append(test)

        failed = False
        for test in job.tests:
            # The current job is still running and shouldn't count as failed.
            # The parser will fail to parse the exit status of the job since it
            # hasn't exited yet (this running right now is the job).
            failed = failed or (test.status != 'GOOD'
                                and not _is_current_server_job(test))
        return failed


    def _collect_crashes(self, namespace, collect_crashinfo):
        """Collect crashes.

        @param namespace: namespace dict.
        @param collect_crashinfo: whether to collect crashinfo in addition to
                dumps
        """
        if collect_crashinfo:
            # includes crashdumps
            crash_control_file = CRASHINFO_CONTROL_FILE
        else:
            crash_control_file = CRASHDUMPS_CONTROL_FILE
        self._execute_code(crash_control_file, namespace)


    _USE_TEMP_DIR = object()
    def run(self, collect_crashdumps=True, namespace={}, control=None,
            control_file_dir=None, verify_job_repo_url=False,
            only_collect_crashinfo=False, skip_crash_collection=False,
            job_labels='', use_packaging=True):
        # for a normal job, make sure the uncollected logs file exists
        # for a crashinfo-only run it should already exist, bail out otherwise
        created_uncollected_logs = False
        logging.info("I am PID %s", os.getpid())
        if self.resultdir and not os.path.exists(self._uncollected_log_file):
            if only_collect_crashinfo:
                # if this is a crashinfo-only run, and there were no existing
                # uncollected logs, just bail out early
                logging.info("No existing uncollected logs, "
                             "skipping crashinfo collection")
                return
            else:
                log_file = open(self._uncollected_log_file, "wb")
                pickle.dump([], log_file)
                log_file.close()
                created_uncollected_logs = True

        # use a copy so changes don't affect the original dictionary
        namespace = namespace.copy()
        machines = self.machines
        if control is None:
            if self.control is None:
                control = ''
            elif self._use_client_trampoline:
                # Some tests must be loaded and staged before they can be run,
                # see crbug.com/883403#c42 and #c46 for details.
                control = self._load_control_file(
                        CLIENT_TRAMPOLINE_CONTROL_FILE)
                # repr of a string is safe for eval.
                control = (('trampoline_testname = %r\n' % str(self.control))
                           + control)
            else:
                control = self._load_control_file(self.control)
        if control_file_dir is None:
            control_file_dir = self.resultdir

        self.aborted = False
        namespace.update(self._make_namespace())
        namespace.update({
                'args': self.args,
                'job_labels': job_labels,
                'gtest_runner': site_gtest_runner.gtest_runner(),
        })
        test_start_time = int(time.time())

        if self.resultdir:
            os.chdir(self.resultdir)
            # touch status.log so that the parser knows a job is running here
            open(self.get_status_log_path(), 'a').close()
            self.enable_external_logging()

        collect_crashinfo = True
        temp_control_file_dir = None
        try:
            try:
                if not self.fast:
                    with metrics.SecondsTimer(
                            'chromeos/autotest/job/get_network_stats',
                            fields = {'stage': 'start'}):
                        namespace['network_stats_label'] = 'at-start'
                        self._execute_code(GET_NETWORK_STATS_CONTROL_FILE,
                                           namespace)

                if only_collect_crashinfo:
                    return

                # If the verify_job_repo_url option is set but we're unable
                # to actually verify that the job_repo_url contains the autotest
                # package, this job will fail.
                if verify_job_repo_url:
                    self._execute_code(VERIFY_JOB_REPO_URL_CONTROL_FILE,
                                       namespace)
                else:
                    logging.warning('Not checking if job_repo_url contains '
                                    'autotest packages on %s', machines)

                # determine the dir to write the control files to
                cfd_specified = (control_file_dir
                                 and control_file_dir is not self._USE_TEMP_DIR)
                if cfd_specified:
                    temp_control_file_dir = None
                else:
                    temp_control_file_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(
                        suffix='temp_control_file_dir')
                    control_file_dir = temp_control_file_dir
                server_control_file = os.path.join(control_file_dir,
                                                   self._control_filename)
                client_control_file = os.path.join(control_file_dir,
                                                   CLIENT_CONTROL_FILENAME)
                if self._client:
                    namespace['control'] = control
                    utils.open_write_close(client_control_file, control)
                    shutil.copyfile(CLIENT_WRAPPER_CONTROL_FILE,
                                    server_control_file)
                else:
                    utils.open_write_close(server_control_file, control)

                sync_dir = self._offload_dir_target_path()
                if self._sync_offload_dir:
                    logging.info("Preparing synchronous offload dir")
                    self.create_marker_file()
                    logging.info("Offload dir and marker file ready")
                    logging.debug("Results dir is %s", self.resultdir)
                    logging.debug("Synchronous offload dir is %s", sync_dir)
                logging.info("Processing control file")
                namespace['use_packaging'] = use_packaging
                namespace['synchronous_offload_dir'] = sync_dir
                os.environ[OFFLOAD_ENVVAR] = sync_dir
                self._execute_code(server_control_file, namespace)
                logging.info("Finished processing control file")
                self._maybe_retrieve_client_offload_dirs()
                # If no device error occurred, no need to collect crashinfo.
                collect_crashinfo = self.failed_with_device_error
            except Exception as e:
                try:
                    logging.exception(
                            'Exception escaped control file, job aborting:')
                    reason = re.sub(base_job.status_log_entry.BAD_CHAR_REGEX,
                                    ' ', str(e))
                    self.record('INFO', None, None, str(e),
                                {'job_abort_reason': reason})
                except:
                    pass # don't let logging exceptions here interfere
                raise
        finally:
            if temp_control_file_dir:
                # Clean up temp directory used for copies of the control files
                try:
                    shutil.rmtree(temp_control_file_dir)
                except Exception as e:
                    logging.warning('Could not remove temp directory %s: %s',
                                 temp_control_file_dir, e)

            if machines and (collect_crashdumps or collect_crashinfo):
                if skip_crash_collection or self.fast:
                    logging.info('Skipping crash dump/info collection '
                                 'as requested.')
                else:
                    with metrics.SecondsTimer(
                            'chromeos/autotest/job/collect_crashinfo'):
                        namespace['test_start_time'] = test_start_time
                        # Remove crash files for passing tests.
                        # TODO(ayatane): Tests that create crash files should be
                        # reported.
                        namespace['has_failed_tests'] = self._has_failed_tests()
                        self._collect_crashes(namespace, collect_crashinfo)
            self.disable_external_logging()
            if self._uncollected_log_file and created_uncollected_logs:
                os.remove(self._uncollected_log_file)

            if not self.fast:
                with metrics.SecondsTimer(
                        'chromeos/autotest/job/get_network_stats',
                        fields = {'stage': 'end'}):
                    namespace['network_stats_label'] = 'at-end'
                    self._execute_code(GET_NETWORK_STATS_CONTROL_FILE,
                                       namespace)

    def _server_offload_dir_path(self):
        return os.path.join(self.resultdir, self._sync_offload_dir)

    def _offload_dir_target_path(self):
        if not self._sync_offload_dir:
            return ''
        if self._client:
            return os.path.join(DUT_STATEFUL_PATH, self._sync_offload_dir)
        return os.path.join(self.resultdir, self._sync_offload_dir)

    def _maybe_retrieve_client_offload_dirs(self):
        if not(self._sync_offload_dir and self._client):
            logging.info("No client dir to retrieve.")
            return ''
        logging.info("Retrieving synchronous offload dir from client")
        server_path = self._server_offload_dir_path()
        client_path = self._offload_dir_target_path()
        def serial(machine):
            host = hosts.create_host(machine)
            server_subpath = os.path.join(server_path, host.hostname)
            # Empty final piece ensures that get_file gets a trailing slash,
            #  which makes it copy dir contents rather than the dir itself.
            client_subpath = os.path.join(client_path, '')
            logging.debug("Client dir to retrieve is %s", client_subpath)
            os.makedirs(server_subpath)
            host.get_file(client_subpath, server_subpath)
        self.parallel_simple(serial, self.machines)
        logging.debug("Synchronous offload dir retrieved to %s", server_path)
        return server_path

    def _create_client_offload_dirs(self):
        marker_string = "client %s%s" % (
            "in SSP " if utils.is_in_container() else "",
            str(datetime.utcnow())
        )
        offload_path = self._offload_dir_target_path()
        _, file_path = tempfile.mkstemp()
        def serial(machine):
            host = hosts.create_host(machine)
            marker_path = os.path.join(offload_path, "sync_offloads_marker")
            host.run(("mkdir -p %s" % offload_path), ignore_status=False)
            host.send_file(file_path, marker_path)

        try:
            utils.open_write_close(file_path, marker_string)
            self.parallel_simple(serial, self.machines)
        finally:
            os.remove(file_path)


    def create_marker_file(self):
        """Create a marker file in the leaf task's synchronous offload dir.

        This ensures that we will get some results offloaded if the test fails
        to create output properly, distinguishing offload errs from test errs.
        @obj_param _client: Boolean, whether the control file is client-side.
        @obj_param _sync_offload_dir: rel. path from results dir to offload dir.

        @returns: path to offload dir on the machine of the leaf task
        """
        # Make the server-side directory regardless
        try:
            # 2.7 makedirs doesn't have an option for pre-existing directories
            os.makedirs(self._server_offload_dir_path())
        except OSError as e:
            if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
                raise
        if not self._client:
            offload_path = self._offload_dir_target_path()
            marker_string = "server %s%s" % (
                "in SSP " if utils.is_in_container() else "",
                str(datetime.utcnow())
            )
            utils.open_write_close(
                os.path.join(offload_path, "sync_offloads_marker"),
                marker_string
            )
            return offload_path
        return self._create_client_offload_dirs()

    def run_test(self, url, *args, **dargs):
        """
        Summon a test object and run it.

        tag
                tag to add to testname
        url
                url of the test to run
        """
        if self._disable_sysinfo:
            dargs['disable_sysinfo'] = True

        group, testname = self.pkgmgr.get_package_name(url, 'test')
        testname, subdir, tag = self._build_tagged_test_name(testname, dargs)
        outputdir = self._make_test_outputdir(subdir)

        def group_func():
            try:
                test.runtest(self, url, tag, args, dargs)
            except error.TestBaseException as e:
                self.record(e.exit_status, subdir, testname, str(e))
                raise
            except Exception as e:
                info = str(e) + "\n" + traceback.format_exc()
                self.record('FAIL', subdir, testname, info)
                raise
            else:
                self.record('GOOD', subdir, testname, 'completed successfully')

        try:
            result = self._run_group(testname, subdir, group_func)
        except error.TestBaseException as e:
            return False
        else:
            return True


    def _run_group(self, name, subdir, function, *args, **dargs):
        """Underlying method for running something inside of a group."""
        result, exc_info = None, None
        try:
            self.record('START', subdir, name)
            result = function(*args, **dargs)
        except error.TestBaseException as e:
            self.record("END %s" % e.exit_status, subdir, name)
            raise
        except Exception as e:
            err_msg = str(e) + '\n'
            err_msg += traceback.format_exc()
            self.record('END ABORT', subdir, name, err_msg)
            raise error.JobError(name + ' failed\n' + traceback.format_exc())
        else:
            self.record('END GOOD', subdir, name)
        finally:
            for hook in self._post_run_hooks:
                hook()

        return result


    def run_group(self, function, *args, **dargs):
        """\
        @param function: subroutine to run
        @returns: (result, exc_info). When the call succeeds, result contains
                the return value of |function| and exc_info is None. If
                |function| raises an exception, exc_info contains the tuple
                returned by sys.exc_info(), and result is None.
        """

        name = function.__name__
        # Allow the tag for the group to be specified.
        tag = dargs.pop('tag', None)
        if tag:
            name = tag

        try:
            result = self._run_group(name, None, function, *args, **dargs)[0]
        except error.TestBaseException:
            return None, sys.exc_info()
        return result, None


    def run_op(self, op, op_func, get_kernel_func):
        """\
        A specialization of run_group meant specifically for handling
        management operation. Includes support for capturing the kernel version
        after the operation.

        Args:
           op: name of the operation.
           op_func: a function that carries out the operation (reboot, suspend)
           get_kernel_func: a function that returns a string
                            representing the kernel version.
        """
        try:
            self.record('START', None, op)
            op_func()
        except Exception as e:
            err_msg = str(e) + '\n' + traceback.format_exc()
            self.record('END FAIL', None, op, err_msg)
            raise
        else:
            kernel = get_kernel_func()
            self.record('END GOOD', None, op,
                        optional_fields={"kernel": kernel})


    def run_control(self, path):
        """Execute a control file found at path (relative to the autotest
        path). Intended for executing a control file within a control file,
        not for running the top-level job control file."""
        path = os.path.join(self.autodir, path)
        control_file = self._load_control_file(path)
        self.run(control=control_file, control_file_dir=self._USE_TEMP_DIR)


    def add_sysinfo_command(self, command, logfile=None, on_every_test=False):
        self._add_sysinfo_loggable(sysinfo.command(command, logf=logfile),
                                   on_every_test)


    def add_sysinfo_logfile(self, file, on_every_test=False):
        self._add_sysinfo_loggable(sysinfo.logfile(file), on_every_test)


    def _add_sysinfo_loggable(self, loggable, on_every_test):
        if on_every_test:
            self.sysinfo.test_loggables.add(loggable)
        else:
            self.sysinfo.boot_loggables.add(loggable)


    def _read_warnings(self):
        """Poll all the warning loggers and extract any new warnings that have
        been logged. If the warnings belong to a category that is currently
        disabled, this method will discard them and they will no longer be
        retrievable.

        Returns a list of (timestamp, message) tuples, where timestamp is an
        integer epoch timestamp."""
        warnings = []
        while True:
            # pull in a line of output from every logger that has
            # output ready to be read
            loggers, _, _ = select.select(self.warning_loggers, [], [], 0)
            closed_loggers = set()
            for logger in loggers:
                line = logger.readline()
                # record any broken pipes (aka line == empty)
                if len(line) == 0:
                    closed_loggers.add(logger)
                    continue
                # parse out the warning
                timestamp, msgtype, msg = line.split('\t', 2)
                timestamp = int(timestamp)
                # if the warning is valid, add it to the results
                if self.warning_manager.is_valid(timestamp, msgtype):
                    warnings.append((timestamp, msg.strip()))

            # stop listening to loggers that are closed
            self.warning_loggers -= closed_loggers

            # stop if none of the loggers have any output left
            if not loggers:
                break

        # sort into timestamp order
        warnings.sort()
        return warnings


    def _unique_subdirectory(self, base_subdirectory_name):
        """Compute a unique results subdirectory based on the given name.

        Appends base_subdirectory_name with a number as necessary to find a
        directory name that doesn't already exist.
        """
        subdirectory = base_subdirectory_name
        counter = 1
        while os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.resultdir, subdirectory)):
            subdirectory = base_subdirectory_name + '.' + str(counter)
            counter += 1
        return subdirectory


    def get_record_context(self):
        """Returns an object representing the current job.record context.

        The object returned is an opaque object with a 0-arg restore method
        which can be called to restore the job.record context (i.e. indentation)
        to the current level. The intention is that it should be used when
        something external which generate job.record calls (e.g. an autotest
        client) can fail catastrophically and the server job record state
        needs to be reset to its original "known good" state.

        @return: A context object with a 0-arg restore() method."""
        return self._indenter.get_context()


    def record_summary(self, status_code, test_name, reason='', attributes=None,
                       distinguishing_attributes=(), child_test_ids=None):
        """Record a summary test result.

        @param status_code: status code string, see
                common_lib.log.is_valid_status()
        @param test_name: name of the test
        @param reason: (optional) string providing detailed reason for test
                outcome
        @param attributes: (optional) dict of string keyvals to associate with
                this result
        @param distinguishing_attributes: (optional) list of attribute names
                that should be used to distinguish identically-named test
                results.  These attributes should be present in the attributes
                parameter.  This is used to generate user-friendly subdirectory
                names.
        @param child_test_ids: (optional) list of test indices for test results
                used in generating this result.
        """
        subdirectory_name_parts = [test_name]
        for attribute in distinguishing_attributes:
            assert attributes
            assert attribute in attributes, '%s not in %s' % (attribute,
                                                              attributes)
            subdirectory_name_parts.append(attributes[attribute])
        base_subdirectory_name = '.'.join(subdirectory_name_parts)

        subdirectory = self._unique_subdirectory(base_subdirectory_name)
        subdirectory_path = os.path.join(self.resultdir, subdirectory)
        os.mkdir(subdirectory_path)

        self.record(status_code, subdirectory, test_name,
                    status=reason, optional_fields={'is_summary': True})

        if attributes:
            utils.write_keyval(subdirectory_path, attributes)

        if child_test_ids:
            ids_string = ','.join(str(test_id) for test_id in child_test_ids)
            summary_data = {'child_test_ids': ids_string}
            utils.write_keyval(os.path.join(subdirectory_path, 'summary_data'),
                               summary_data)


    def add_post_run_hook(self, hook):
        """
        Registers a hook to run after the main job function.

        This provides a mechanism by which tests that perform multiple tests of
        their own can write additional top-level results to the TKO status.log
        file.

        @param hook: Function to invoke (without any args) after the main job
            function completes and the job status is logged.
        """
        self._post_run_hooks.append(hook)


    def disable_warnings(self, warning_type):
        self.warning_manager.disable_warnings(warning_type)
        self.record("INFO", None, None,
                    "disabling %s warnings" % warning_type,
                    {"warnings.disable": warning_type})


    def enable_warnings(self, warning_type):
        self.warning_manager.enable_warnings(warning_type)
        self.record("INFO", None, None,
                    "enabling %s warnings" % warning_type,
                    {"warnings.enable": warning_type})


    def get_status_log_path(self, subdir=None):
        """Return the path to the job status log.

        @param subdir - Optional paramter indicating that you want the path
            to a subdirectory status log.

        @returns The path where the status log should be.
        """
        if self.resultdir:
            if subdir:
                return os.path.join(self.resultdir, subdir, "status.log")
            else:
                return os.path.join(self.resultdir, "status.log")
        else:
            return None


    def _update_uncollected_logs_list(self, update_func):
        """Updates the uncollected logs list in a multi-process safe manner.

        @param update_func - a function that updates the list of uncollected
            logs. Should take one parameter, the list to be updated.
        """
        # Skip log collection if file _uncollected_log_file does not exist.
        if not (self._uncollected_log_file and
                os.path.exists(self._uncollected_log_file)):
            return
        if self._uncollected_log_file:
            log_file = open(self._uncollected_log_file, "rb+")
            fcntl.flock(log_file, fcntl.LOCK_EX)
        try:
            uncollected_logs = pickle.load(log_file)
            update_func(uncollected_logs)
            log_file.seek(0)
            log_file.truncate()
            pickle.dump(uncollected_logs, log_file)
            log_file.flush()
        finally:
            fcntl.flock(log_file, fcntl.LOCK_UN)
            log_file.close()


    def add_client_log(self, hostname, remote_path, local_path):
        """Adds a new set of client logs to the list of uncollected logs,
        to allow for future log recovery.

        @param host - the hostname of the machine holding the logs
        @param remote_path - the directory on the remote machine holding logs
        @param local_path - the local directory to copy the logs into
        """
        def update_func(logs_list):
            logs_list.append((hostname, remote_path, local_path))
        self._update_uncollected_logs_list(update_func)


    def remove_client_log(self, hostname, remote_path, local_path):
        """Removes a set of client logs from the list of uncollected logs,
        to allow for future log recovery.

        @param host - the hostname of the machine holding the logs
        @param remote_path - the directory on the remote machine holding logs
        @param local_path - the local directory to copy the logs into
        """
        def update_func(logs_list):
            logs_list.remove((hostname, remote_path, local_path))
        self._update_uncollected_logs_list(update_func)


    def get_client_logs(self):
        """Retrieves the list of uncollected logs, if it exists.

        @returns A list of (host, remote_path, local_path) tuples. Returns
                 an empty list if no uncollected logs file exists.
        """
        log_exists = (self._uncollected_log_file and
                      os.path.exists(self._uncollected_log_file))
        if log_exists:
            return pickle.load(open(self._uncollected_log_file))
        else:
            return []


    def _fill_server_control_namespace(self, namespace, protect=True):
        """
        Prepare a namespace to be used when executing server control files.

        This sets up the control file API by importing modules and making them
        available under the appropriate names within namespace.

        For use by _execute_code().

        Args:
          namespace: The namespace dictionary to fill in.
          protect: Boolean.  If True (the default) any operation that would
              clobber an existing entry in namespace will cause an error.
        Raises:
          error.AutoservError: When a name would be clobbered by import.
        """
        def _import_names(module_name, names=()):
            """
            Import a module and assign named attributes into namespace.

            Args:
                module_name: The string module name.
                names: A limiting list of names to import from module_name.  If
                    empty (the default), all names are imported from the module
                    similar to a "from foo.bar import *" statement.
            Raises:
                error.AutoservError: When a name being imported would clobber
                    a name already in namespace.
            """
            module = __import__(module_name, {}, {}, names)

            # No names supplied?  Import * from the lowest level module.
            # (Ugh, why do I have to implement this part myself?)
            if not names:
                for submodule_name in module_name.split('.')[1:]:
                    module = getattr(module, submodule_name)
                if hasattr(module, '__all__'):
                    names = getattr(module, '__all__')
                else:
                    names = dir(module)

            # Install each name into namespace, checking to make sure it
            # doesn't override anything that already exists.
            for name in names:
                # Check for conflicts to help prevent future problems.
                if name in namespace and protect:
                    if namespace[name] is not getattr(module, name):
                        raise error.AutoservError('importing name '
                                '%s from %s %r would override %r' %
                                (name, module_name, getattr(module, name),
                                 namespace[name]))
                    else:
                        # Encourage cleanliness and the use of __all__ for a
                        # more concrete API with less surprises on '*' imports.
                        warnings.warn('%s (%r) being imported from %s for use '
                                      'in server control files is not the '
                                      'first occurrence of that import.' %
                                      (name, namespace[name], module_name))

                namespace[name] = getattr(module, name)


        # This is the equivalent of prepending a bunch of import statements to
        # the front of the control script.
        namespace.update(os=os, sys=sys, logging=logging)
        _import_names('autotest_lib.server',
                ('hosts', 'autotest', 'standalone_profiler'))
        _import_names('autotest_lib.server.subcommand',
                      ('parallel', 'parallel_simple', 'subcommand'))
        _import_names('autotest_lib.server.utils',
                      ('run', 'get_tmp_dir', 'sh_escape', 'parse_machine'))
        _import_names('autotest_lib.client.common_lib.error')
        _import_names('autotest_lib.client.common_lib.barrier', ('barrier',))

        # Inject ourself as the job object into other classes within the API.
        # (Yuck, this injection is a gross thing be part of a public API. -gps)
        #
        # XXX Autotest does not appear to use .job.  Who does?
        namespace['autotest'].Autotest.job = self
        # server.hosts.base_classes.Host uses .job.
        namespace['hosts'].Host.job = self
        namespace['hosts'].factory.ssh_user = self._ssh_user
        namespace['hosts'].factory.ssh_port = self._ssh_port
        namespace['hosts'].factory.ssh_pass = self._ssh_pass
        namespace['hosts'].factory.ssh_verbosity_flag = (
                self._ssh_verbosity_flag)
        namespace['hosts'].factory.ssh_options = self._ssh_options


    def _execute_code(self, code_file, namespace, protect=True):
        """
        Execute code using a copy of namespace as a server control script.

        Unless protect_namespace is explicitly set to False, the dict will not
        be modified.

        Args:
          code_file: The filename of the control file to execute.
          namespace: A dict containing names to make available during execution.
          protect: Boolean.  If True (the default) a copy of the namespace dict
              is used during execution to prevent the code from modifying its
              contents outside of this function.  If False the raw dict is
              passed in and modifications will be allowed.
        """
        if protect:
            namespace = namespace.copy()
        self._fill_server_control_namespace(namespace, protect=protect)
        # TODO: Simplify and get rid of the special cases for only 1 machine.
        if len(self.machines) > 1:
            machines_text = '\n'.join(self.machines) + '\n'
            # Only rewrite the file if it does not match our machine list.
            try:
                machines_f = open(MACHINES_FILENAME, 'r')
                existing_machines_text = machines_f.read()
                machines_f.close()
            except EnvironmentError:
                existing_machines_text = None
            if machines_text != existing_machines_text:
                utils.open_write_close(MACHINES_FILENAME, machines_text)
        seven.exec_file(code_file, locals_=namespace, globals_=namespace)


    def preprocess_client_state(self):
        """
        Produce a state file for initializing the state of a client job.

        Creates a new client state file with all the current server state, as
        well as some pre-set client state.

        @returns The path of the file the state was written into.
        """
        # initialize the sysinfo state
        self._state.set('client', 'sysinfo', self.sysinfo.serialize())

        # dump the state out to a tempfile
        fd, file_path = tempfile.mkstemp(dir=self.tmpdir)
        os.close(fd)

        # write_to_file doesn't need locking, we exclusively own file_path
        self._state.write_to_file(file_path)
        return file_path


    def postprocess_client_state(self, state_path):
        """
        Update the state of this job with the state from a client job.

        Updates the state of the server side of a job with the final state
        of a client job that was run. Updates the non-client-specific state,
        pulls in some specific bits from the client-specific state, and then
        discards the rest. Removes the state file afterwards

        @param state_file A path to the state file from the client.
        """
        # update the on-disk state
        try:
            self._state.read_from_file(state_path)
            os.remove(state_path)
        except OSError as e:
            # ignore file-not-found errors
            if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
                raise
            else:
                logging.debug('Client state file %s not found', state_path)

        # update the sysinfo state
        if self._state.has('client', 'sysinfo'):
            self.sysinfo.deserialize(self._state.get('client', 'sysinfo'))

        # drop all the client-specific state
        self._state.discard_namespace('client')


    def clear_all_known_hosts(self):
        """Clears known hosts files for all AbstractSSHHosts."""
        for host in self.hosts:
            if isinstance(host, abstract_ssh.AbstractSSHHost):
                host.clear_known_hosts()


    def close(self):
        """Closes this job's operation."""

        # Use shallow copy, because host.close() internally discards itself.
        for host in list(self.hosts):
            host.close()
        assert not self.hosts
        self._connection_pool.shutdown()


    def _get_job_data(self):
        """Add custom data to the job keyval info.

        When multiple machines are used in a job, change the hostname to
        the platform of the first machine instead of machine1,machine2,...  This
        makes the job reports easier to read and keeps the tko_machines table from
        growing too large.

        Returns:
            keyval dictionary with new hostname value, or empty dictionary.
        """
        job_data = {}
        # Only modify hostname on multimachine jobs. Assume all host have the same
        # platform.
        if len(self.machines) > 1:
            # Search through machines for first machine with a platform.
            for host in self.machines:
                keyval_path = os.path.join(self.resultdir, 'host_keyvals', host)
                keyvals = utils.read_keyval(keyval_path)
                host_plat = keyvals.get('platform', None)
                if not host_plat:
                    continue
                job_data['hostname'] = host_plat
                break
        return job_data


class warning_manager(object):
    """Class for controlling warning logs. Manages the enabling and disabling
    of warnings."""
    def __init__(self):
        # a map of warning types to a list of disabled time intervals
        self.disabled_warnings = {}


    def is_valid(self, timestamp, warning_type):
        """Indicates if a warning (based on the time it occured and its type)
        is a valid warning. A warning is considered "invalid" if this type of
        warning was marked as "disabled" at the time the warning occured."""
        disabled_intervals = self.disabled_warnings.get(warning_type, [])
        for start, end in disabled_intervals:
            if timestamp >= start and (end is None or timestamp < end):
                return False
        return True


    def disable_warnings(self, warning_type, current_time_func=time.time):
        """As of now, disables all further warnings of this type."""
        intervals = self.disabled_warnings.setdefault(warning_type, [])
        if not intervals or intervals[-1][1] is not None:
            intervals.append((int(current_time_func()), None))


    def enable_warnings(self, warning_type, current_time_func=time.time):
        """As of now, enables all further warnings of this type."""
        intervals = self.disabled_warnings.get(warning_type, [])
        if intervals and intervals[-1][1] is None:
            intervals[-1] = (intervals[-1][0], int(current_time_func()))


def _is_current_server_job(test):
    """Return True if parsed test is the currently running job.

    @param test: test instance from tko parser.
    """
    return test.testname == 'SERVER_JOB'


def _create_afe_host(hostname):
    """Create an afe_host object backed by the AFE.

    @param hostname: Name of the host for which we want the Host object.
    @returns: An object of type frontend.AFE
    """
    afe = frontend_wrappers.RetryingAFE(timeout_min=5, delay_sec=10)
    hosts = afe.get_hosts(hostname=hostname)
    if not hosts:
        raise error.AutoservError('No hosts named %s found' % hostname)

    return hosts[0]


def _create_file_backed_host_info_store(store_dir, hostname):
    """Create a CachingHostInfoStore backed by an existing file.

    @param store_dir: A directory to contain store backing files.
    @param hostname: Name of the host for which we want the store.

    @returns: An object of type CachingHostInfoStore.
    """
    backing_file_path = os.path.join(store_dir, '%s.store' % hostname)
    if not os.path.isfile(backing_file_path):
        raise error.AutoservError(
                'Requested FileStore but no backing file at %s'
                % backing_file_path
        )
    return file_store.FileStore(backing_file_path)


def _create_afe_backed_host_info_store(store_dir, hostname):
    """Create a CachingHostInfoStore backed by the AFE.

    @param store_dir: A directory to contain store backing files.
    @param hostname: Name of the host for which we want the store.

    @returns: An object of type CachingHostInfoStore.
    """
    primary_store = afe_store.AfeStore(hostname)
    try:
        primary_store.get(force_refresh=True)
    except host_info.StoreError:
        raise error.AutoservError(
                'Could not obtain HostInfo for hostname %s' % hostname)
    # Since the store wasn't initialized external to autoserv, we must
    # ensure that the store we create is unique within store_dir.
    backing_file_path = os.path.join(
            _make_unique_subdir(store_dir),
            '%s.store' % hostname,
    )
    logging.info('Shadowing AFE store with a FileStore at %s',
                 backing_file_path)
    shadow_store = file_store.FileStore(backing_file_path)
    return shadowing_store.ShadowingStore(primary_store, shadow_store)


def _make_unique_subdir(workdir):
    """Creates a new subdir within workdir and returns the path to it."""
    store_dir = os.path.join(workdir, 'dir_%s' % uuid.uuid4())
    _make_dirs_if_needed(store_dir)
    return store_dir


def _make_dirs_if_needed(path):
    """os.makedirs, but ignores failure because the leaf directory exists"""
    try:
        os.makedirs(path)
    except OSError as e:
        if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
            raise