1 //===--------------------------- DwarfParser.hpp --------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //
8 //  Parses DWARF CFIs (FDEs and CIEs).
9 //
10 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
11 
12 #ifndef __DWARF_PARSER_HPP__
13 #define __DWARF_PARSER_HPP__
14 
15 #include <inttypes.h>
16 #include <stdint.h>
17 #include <stdio.h>
18 #include <stdlib.h>
19 
20 #include "libunwind.h"
21 #include "dwarf2.h"
22 #include "Registers.hpp"
23 
24 #include "config.h"
25 
26 namespace libunwind {
27 
28 /// CFI_Parser does basic parsing of a CFI (Call Frame Information) records.
29 /// See DWARF Spec for details:
30 ///    http://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_3.1.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/ehframechpt.html
31 ///
32 template <typename A>
33 class CFI_Parser {
34 public:
35   typedef typename A::pint_t pint_t;
36 
37   /// Information encoded in a CIE (Common Information Entry)
38   struct CIE_Info {
39     pint_t    cieStart;
40     pint_t    cieLength;
41     pint_t    cieInstructions;
42     uint8_t   pointerEncoding;
43     uint8_t   lsdaEncoding;
44     uint8_t   personalityEncoding;
45     uint8_t   personalityOffsetInCIE;
46     pint_t    personality;
47     uint32_t  codeAlignFactor;
48     int       dataAlignFactor;
49     bool      isSignalFrame;
50     bool      fdesHaveAugmentationData;
51     uint8_t   returnAddressRegister;
52 #if defined(_LIBUNWIND_TARGET_AARCH64)
53     bool      addressesSignedWithBKey;
54 #endif
55   };
56 
57   /// Information about an FDE (Frame Description Entry)
58   struct FDE_Info {
59     pint_t  fdeStart;
60     pint_t  fdeLength;
61     pint_t  fdeInstructions;
62     pint_t  pcStart;
63     pint_t  pcEnd;
64     pint_t  lsda;
65   };
66 
67   enum {
68     kMaxRegisterNumber = _LIBUNWIND_HIGHEST_DWARF_REGISTER
69   };
70   enum RegisterSavedWhere {
71     kRegisterUnused,
72     kRegisterUndefined,
73     kRegisterInCFA,
74     kRegisterOffsetFromCFA,
75     kRegisterInRegister,
76     kRegisterAtExpression,
77     kRegisterIsExpression
78   };
79   struct RegisterLocation {
80     RegisterSavedWhere location;
81     bool initialStateSaved;
82     int64_t value;
83   };
84   /// Information about a frame layout and registers saved determined
85   /// by "running" the DWARF FDE "instructions"
86   struct PrologInfo {
87     uint32_t          cfaRegister;
88     int32_t           cfaRegisterOffset;  // CFA = (cfaRegister)+cfaRegisterOffset
89     int64_t           cfaExpression;      // CFA = expression
90     uint32_t          spExtraArgSize;
91     RegisterLocation  savedRegisters[kMaxRegisterNumber + 1];
92     enum class InitializeTime { kLazy, kNormal };
93 
94     // When saving registers, this data structure is lazily initialized.
PrologInfolibunwind::CFI_Parser::PrologInfo95     PrologInfo(InitializeTime IT = InitializeTime::kNormal) {
96       if (IT == InitializeTime::kNormal)
97         memset(this, 0, sizeof(*this));
98     }
checkSaveRegisterlibunwind::CFI_Parser::PrologInfo99     void checkSaveRegister(uint64_t reg, PrologInfo &initialState) {
100       if (!savedRegisters[reg].initialStateSaved) {
101         initialState.savedRegisters[reg] = savedRegisters[reg];
102         savedRegisters[reg].initialStateSaved = true;
103       }
104     }
setRegisterlibunwind::CFI_Parser::PrologInfo105     void setRegister(uint64_t reg, RegisterSavedWhere newLocation,
106                      int64_t newValue, PrologInfo &initialState) {
107       checkSaveRegister(reg, initialState);
108       savedRegisters[reg].location = newLocation;
109       savedRegisters[reg].value = newValue;
110     }
setRegisterLocationlibunwind::CFI_Parser::PrologInfo111     void setRegisterLocation(uint64_t reg, RegisterSavedWhere newLocation,
112                              PrologInfo &initialState) {
113       checkSaveRegister(reg, initialState);
114       savedRegisters[reg].location = newLocation;
115     }
setRegisterValuelibunwind::CFI_Parser::PrologInfo116     void setRegisterValue(uint64_t reg, int64_t newValue,
117                           PrologInfo &initialState) {
118       checkSaveRegister(reg, initialState);
119       savedRegisters[reg].value = newValue;
120     }
restoreRegisterToInitialStatelibunwind::CFI_Parser::PrologInfo121     void restoreRegisterToInitialState(uint64_t reg, PrologInfo &initialState) {
122       if (savedRegisters[reg].initialStateSaved)
123         savedRegisters[reg] = initialState.savedRegisters[reg];
124       // else the register still holds its initial state
125     }
126   };
127 
128   struct PrologInfoStackEntry {
PrologInfoStackEntrylibunwind::CFI_Parser::PrologInfoStackEntry129     PrologInfoStackEntry(PrologInfoStackEntry *n, const PrologInfo &i)
130         : next(n), info(i) {}
131     PrologInfoStackEntry *next;
132     PrologInfo info;
133   };
134 
135   struct RememberStack {
136     PrologInfoStackEntry *entry;
RememberStacklibunwind::CFI_Parser::RememberStack137     RememberStack() : entry(nullptr) {}
~RememberStacklibunwind::CFI_Parser::RememberStack138     ~RememberStack() {
139 #if defined(_LIBUNWIND_REMEMBER_CLEANUP_NEEDED)
140       // Clean up rememberStack. Even in the case where every
141       // DW_CFA_remember_state is paired with a DW_CFA_restore_state,
142       // parseInstructions can skip restore opcodes if it reaches the target PC
143       // and stops interpreting, so we have to make sure we don't leak memory.
144       while (entry) {
145         PrologInfoStackEntry *next = entry->next;
146         _LIBUNWIND_REMEMBER_FREE(entry);
147         entry = next;
148       }
149 #endif
150     }
151   };
152 
153   static bool findFDE(A &addressSpace, pint_t pc, pint_t ehSectionStart,
154                       uintptr_t sectionLength, pint_t fdeHint, FDE_Info *fdeInfo,
155                       CIE_Info *cieInfo);
156   static const char *decodeFDE(A &addressSpace, pint_t fdeStart,
157                                FDE_Info *fdeInfo, CIE_Info *cieInfo);
158   static bool parseFDEInstructions(A &addressSpace, const FDE_Info &fdeInfo,
159                                    const CIE_Info &cieInfo, pint_t upToPC,
160                                    int arch, PrologInfo *results);
161 
162   static const char *parseCIE(A &addressSpace, pint_t cie, CIE_Info *cieInfo);
163 };
164 
165 /// Parse a FDE into a CIE_Info and an FDE_Info
166 template <typename A>
decodeFDE(A & addressSpace,pint_t fdeStart,FDE_Info * fdeInfo,CIE_Info * cieInfo)167 const char *CFI_Parser<A>::decodeFDE(A &addressSpace, pint_t fdeStart,
168                                      FDE_Info *fdeInfo, CIE_Info *cieInfo) {
169   pint_t p = fdeStart;
170   pint_t cfiLength = (pint_t)addressSpace.get32(p);
171   p += 4;
172   if (cfiLength == 0xffffffff) {
173     // 0xffffffff means length is really next 8 bytes
174     cfiLength = (pint_t)addressSpace.get64(p);
175     p += 8;
176   }
177   if (cfiLength == 0)
178     return "FDE has zero length"; // zero terminator
179   uint32_t ciePointer = addressSpace.get32(p);
180   if (ciePointer == 0)
181     return "FDE is really a CIE"; // this is a CIE not an FDE
182   pint_t nextCFI = p + cfiLength;
183   pint_t cieStart = p - ciePointer;
184   const char *err = parseCIE(addressSpace, cieStart, cieInfo);
185   if (err != NULL)
186     return err;
187   p += 4;
188   // Parse pc begin and range.
189   pint_t pcStart =
190       addressSpace.getEncodedP(p, nextCFI, cieInfo->pointerEncoding);
191   pint_t pcRange =
192       addressSpace.getEncodedP(p, nextCFI, cieInfo->pointerEncoding & 0x0F);
193   // Parse rest of info.
194   fdeInfo->lsda = 0;
195   // Check for augmentation length.
196   if (cieInfo->fdesHaveAugmentationData) {
197     pint_t augLen = (pint_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, nextCFI);
198     pint_t endOfAug = p + augLen;
199     if (cieInfo->lsdaEncoding != DW_EH_PE_omit) {
200       // Peek at value (without indirection).  Zero means no LSDA.
201       pint_t lsdaStart = p;
202       if (addressSpace.getEncodedP(p, nextCFI, cieInfo->lsdaEncoding & 0x0F) !=
203           0) {
204         // Reset pointer and re-parse LSDA address.
205         p = lsdaStart;
206         fdeInfo->lsda =
207             addressSpace.getEncodedP(p, nextCFI, cieInfo->lsdaEncoding);
208       }
209     }
210     p = endOfAug;
211   }
212   fdeInfo->fdeStart = fdeStart;
213   fdeInfo->fdeLength = nextCFI - fdeStart;
214   fdeInfo->fdeInstructions = p;
215   fdeInfo->pcStart = pcStart;
216   fdeInfo->pcEnd = pcStart + pcRange;
217   return NULL; // success
218 }
219 
220 /// Scan an eh_frame section to find an FDE for a pc
221 template <typename A>
findFDE(A & addressSpace,pint_t pc,pint_t ehSectionStart,uintptr_t sectionLength,pint_t fdeHint,FDE_Info * fdeInfo,CIE_Info * cieInfo)222 bool CFI_Parser<A>::findFDE(A &addressSpace, pint_t pc, pint_t ehSectionStart,
223                             uintptr_t sectionLength, pint_t fdeHint,
224                             FDE_Info *fdeInfo, CIE_Info *cieInfo) {
225   //fprintf(stderr, "findFDE(0x%llX)\n", (long long)pc);
226   pint_t p = (fdeHint != 0) ? fdeHint : ehSectionStart;
227   const pint_t ehSectionEnd = (sectionLength == UINTPTR_MAX)
228                                   ? static_cast<pint_t>(-1)
229                                   : (ehSectionStart + sectionLength);
230   while (p < ehSectionEnd) {
231     pint_t currentCFI = p;
232     //fprintf(stderr, "findFDE() CFI at 0x%llX\n", (long long)p);
233     pint_t cfiLength = addressSpace.get32(p);
234     p += 4;
235     if (cfiLength == 0xffffffff) {
236       // 0xffffffff means length is really next 8 bytes
237       cfiLength = (pint_t)addressSpace.get64(p);
238       p += 8;
239     }
240     if (cfiLength == 0)
241       return false; // zero terminator
242     uint32_t id = addressSpace.get32(p);
243     if (id == 0) {
244       // Skip over CIEs.
245       p += cfiLength;
246     } else {
247       // Process FDE to see if it covers pc.
248       pint_t nextCFI = p + cfiLength;
249       uint32_t ciePointer = addressSpace.get32(p);
250       pint_t cieStart = p - ciePointer;
251       // Validate pointer to CIE is within section.
252       if ((ehSectionStart <= cieStart) && (cieStart < ehSectionEnd)) {
253         if (parseCIE(addressSpace, cieStart, cieInfo) == NULL) {
254           p += 4;
255           // Parse pc begin and range.
256           pint_t pcStart =
257               addressSpace.getEncodedP(p, nextCFI, cieInfo->pointerEncoding);
258           pint_t pcRange = addressSpace.getEncodedP(
259               p, nextCFI, cieInfo->pointerEncoding & 0x0F);
260           // Test if pc is within the function this FDE covers.
261           if ((pcStart < pc) && (pc <= pcStart + pcRange)) {
262             // parse rest of info
263             fdeInfo->lsda = 0;
264             // check for augmentation length
265             if (cieInfo->fdesHaveAugmentationData) {
266               pint_t augLen = (pint_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, nextCFI);
267               pint_t endOfAug = p + augLen;
268               if (cieInfo->lsdaEncoding != DW_EH_PE_omit) {
269                 // Peek at value (without indirection).  Zero means no LSDA.
270                 pint_t lsdaStart = p;
271                 if (addressSpace.getEncodedP(
272                         p, nextCFI, cieInfo->lsdaEncoding & 0x0F) != 0) {
273                   // Reset pointer and re-parse LSDA address.
274                   p = lsdaStart;
275                   fdeInfo->lsda = addressSpace
276                       .getEncodedP(p, nextCFI, cieInfo->lsdaEncoding);
277                 }
278               }
279               p = endOfAug;
280             }
281             fdeInfo->fdeStart = currentCFI;
282             fdeInfo->fdeLength = nextCFI - currentCFI;
283             fdeInfo->fdeInstructions = p;
284             fdeInfo->pcStart = pcStart;
285             fdeInfo->pcEnd = pcStart + pcRange;
286             return true;
287           } else {
288             // pc is not in begin/range, skip this FDE
289           }
290         } else {
291           // Malformed CIE, now augmentation describing pc range encoding.
292         }
293       } else {
294         // malformed FDE.  CIE is bad
295       }
296       p = nextCFI;
297     }
298   }
299   return false;
300 }
301 
302 /// Extract info from a CIE
303 template <typename A>
parseCIE(A & addressSpace,pint_t cie,CIE_Info * cieInfo)304 const char *CFI_Parser<A>::parseCIE(A &addressSpace, pint_t cie,
305                                     CIE_Info *cieInfo) {
306   cieInfo->pointerEncoding = 0;
307   cieInfo->lsdaEncoding = DW_EH_PE_omit;
308   cieInfo->personalityEncoding = 0;
309   cieInfo->personalityOffsetInCIE = 0;
310   cieInfo->personality = 0;
311   cieInfo->codeAlignFactor = 0;
312   cieInfo->dataAlignFactor = 0;
313   cieInfo->isSignalFrame = false;
314   cieInfo->fdesHaveAugmentationData = false;
315 #if defined(_LIBUNWIND_TARGET_AARCH64)
316   cieInfo->addressesSignedWithBKey = false;
317 #endif
318   cieInfo->cieStart = cie;
319   pint_t p = cie;
320   pint_t cieLength = (pint_t)addressSpace.get32(p);
321   p += 4;
322   pint_t cieContentEnd = p + cieLength;
323   if (cieLength == 0xffffffff) {
324     // 0xffffffff means length is really next 8 bytes
325     cieLength = (pint_t)addressSpace.get64(p);
326     p += 8;
327     cieContentEnd = p + cieLength;
328   }
329   if (cieLength == 0)
330     return NULL;
331   // CIE ID is always 0
332   if (addressSpace.get32(p) != 0)
333     return "CIE ID is not zero";
334   p += 4;
335   // Version is always 1 or 3
336   uint8_t version = addressSpace.get8(p);
337   if ((version != 1) && (version != 3))
338     return "CIE version is not 1 or 3";
339   ++p;
340   // save start of augmentation string and find end
341   pint_t strStart = p;
342   while (addressSpace.get8(p) != 0)
343     ++p;
344   ++p;
345   // parse code aligment factor
346   cieInfo->codeAlignFactor = (uint32_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, cieContentEnd);
347   // parse data alignment factor
348   cieInfo->dataAlignFactor = (int)addressSpace.getSLEB128(p, cieContentEnd);
349   // parse return address register
350   uint64_t raReg = (version == 1) ? addressSpace.get8(p++)
351                                   : addressSpace.getULEB128(p, cieContentEnd);
352   assert(raReg < 255 && "return address register too large");
353   cieInfo->returnAddressRegister = (uint8_t)raReg;
354   // parse augmentation data based on augmentation string
355   const char *result = NULL;
356   if (addressSpace.get8(strStart) == 'z') {
357     // parse augmentation data length
358     addressSpace.getULEB128(p, cieContentEnd);
359     for (pint_t s = strStart; addressSpace.get8(s) != '\0'; ++s) {
360       switch (addressSpace.get8(s)) {
361       case 'z':
362         cieInfo->fdesHaveAugmentationData = true;
363         break;
364       case 'P':
365         cieInfo->personalityEncoding = addressSpace.get8(p);
366         ++p;
367         cieInfo->personalityOffsetInCIE = (uint8_t)(p - cie);
368         cieInfo->personality = addressSpace
369             .getEncodedP(p, cieContentEnd, cieInfo->personalityEncoding);
370         break;
371       case 'L':
372         cieInfo->lsdaEncoding = addressSpace.get8(p);
373         ++p;
374         break;
375       case 'R':
376         cieInfo->pointerEncoding = addressSpace.get8(p);
377         ++p;
378         break;
379       case 'S':
380         cieInfo->isSignalFrame = true;
381         break;
382 #if defined(_LIBUNWIND_TARGET_AARCH64)
383       case 'B':
384         cieInfo->addressesSignedWithBKey = true;
385         break;
386 #endif
387       default:
388         // ignore unknown letters
389         break;
390       }
391     }
392   }
393   cieInfo->cieLength = cieContentEnd - cieInfo->cieStart;
394   cieInfo->cieInstructions = p;
395   return result;
396 }
397 
398 
399 /// "run" the DWARF instructions and create the abstact PrologInfo for an FDE
400 template <typename A>
parseFDEInstructions(A & addressSpace,const FDE_Info & fdeInfo,const CIE_Info & cieInfo,pint_t upToPC,int arch,PrologInfo * results)401 bool CFI_Parser<A>::parseFDEInstructions(A &addressSpace,
402                                          const FDE_Info &fdeInfo,
403                                          const CIE_Info &cieInfo, pint_t upToPC,
404                                          int arch, PrologInfo *results) {
405   // Alloca is used for the allocation of the rememberStack entries. It removes
406   // the dependency on new/malloc but the below for loop can not be refactored
407   // into functions. Entry could be saved during the processing of a CIE and
408   // restored by an FDE.
409   RememberStack rememberStack;
410 
411   struct ParseInfo {
412     pint_t instructions;
413     pint_t instructionsEnd;
414     pint_t pcoffset;
415   };
416 
417   ParseInfo parseInfoArray[] = {
418       {cieInfo.cieInstructions, cieInfo.cieStart + cieInfo.cieLength,
419        (pint_t)(-1)},
420       {fdeInfo.fdeInstructions, fdeInfo.fdeStart + fdeInfo.fdeLength,
421        upToPC - fdeInfo.pcStart}};
422 
423   for (const auto &info : parseInfoArray) {
424     pint_t p = info.instructions;
425     pint_t instructionsEnd = info.instructionsEnd;
426     pint_t pcoffset = info.pcoffset;
427     pint_t codeOffset = 0;
428 
429     // initialState initialized as registers in results are modified. Use
430     // PrologInfo accessor functions to avoid reading uninitialized data.
431     PrologInfo initialState(PrologInfo::InitializeTime::kLazy);
432 
433     _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("parseFDEInstructions(instructions=0x%0" PRIx64
434                            ")\n",
435                            static_cast<uint64_t>(instructionsEnd));
436 
437     // see DWARF Spec, section 6.4.2 for details on unwind opcodes
438     while ((p < instructionsEnd) && (codeOffset < pcoffset)) {
439       uint64_t reg;
440       uint64_t reg2;
441       int64_t offset;
442       uint64_t length;
443       uint8_t opcode = addressSpace.get8(p);
444       uint8_t operand;
445 
446       ++p;
447       switch (opcode) {
448       case DW_CFA_nop:
449         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_nop\n");
450         break;
451       case DW_CFA_set_loc:
452         codeOffset = addressSpace.getEncodedP(p, instructionsEnd,
453                                               cieInfo.pointerEncoding);
454         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_set_loc\n");
455         break;
456       case DW_CFA_advance_loc1:
457         codeOffset += (addressSpace.get8(p) * cieInfo.codeAlignFactor);
458         p += 1;
459         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_advance_loc1: new offset=%" PRIu64 "\n",
460                                static_cast<uint64_t>(codeOffset));
461         break;
462       case DW_CFA_advance_loc2:
463         codeOffset += (addressSpace.get16(p) * cieInfo.codeAlignFactor);
464         p += 2;
465         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_advance_loc2: new offset=%" PRIu64 "\n",
466                                static_cast<uint64_t>(codeOffset));
467         break;
468       case DW_CFA_advance_loc4:
469         codeOffset += (addressSpace.get32(p) * cieInfo.codeAlignFactor);
470         p += 4;
471         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_advance_loc4: new offset=%" PRIu64 "\n",
472                                static_cast<uint64_t>(codeOffset));
473         break;
474       case DW_CFA_offset_extended:
475         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
476         offset = (int64_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd) *
477                  cieInfo.dataAlignFactor;
478         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
479           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
480               "malformed DW_CFA_offset_extended DWARF unwind, reg too big");
481           return false;
482         }
483         results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterInCFA, offset, initialState);
484         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_offset_extended(reg=%" PRIu64 ", "
485                                "offset=%" PRId64 ")\n",
486                                reg, offset);
487         break;
488       case DW_CFA_restore_extended:
489         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
490         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
491           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
492               "malformed DW_CFA_restore_extended DWARF unwind, reg too big");
493           return false;
494         }
495         results->restoreRegisterToInitialState(reg, initialState);
496         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_restore_extended(reg=%" PRIu64 ")\n",
497                                reg);
498         break;
499       case DW_CFA_undefined:
500         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
501         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
502           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
503               "malformed DW_CFA_undefined DWARF unwind, reg too big");
504           return false;
505         }
506         results->setRegisterLocation(reg, kRegisterUndefined, initialState);
507         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_undefined(reg=%" PRIu64 ")\n", reg);
508         break;
509       case DW_CFA_same_value:
510         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
511         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
512           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
513               "malformed DW_CFA_same_value DWARF unwind, reg too big");
514           return false;
515         }
516         // <rdar://problem/8456377> DW_CFA_same_value unsupported
517         // "same value" means register was stored in frame, but its current
518         // value has not changed, so no need to restore from frame.
519         // We model this as if the register was never saved.
520         results->setRegisterLocation(reg, kRegisterUnused, initialState);
521         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_same_value(reg=%" PRIu64 ")\n", reg);
522         break;
523       case DW_CFA_register:
524         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
525         reg2 = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
526         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
527           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
528               "malformed DW_CFA_register DWARF unwind, reg too big");
529           return false;
530         }
531         if (reg2 > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
532           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
533               "malformed DW_CFA_register DWARF unwind, reg2 too big");
534           return false;
535         }
536         results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterInRegister, (int64_t)reg2,
537                              initialState);
538         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF(
539             "DW_CFA_register(reg=%" PRIu64 ", reg2=%" PRIu64 ")\n", reg, reg2);
540         break;
541       case DW_CFA_remember_state: {
542         // Avoid operator new because that would be an upward dependency.
543         // Avoid malloc because it needs heap allocation.
544         PrologInfoStackEntry *entry =
545             (PrologInfoStackEntry *)_LIBUNWIND_REMEMBER_ALLOC(
546                 sizeof(PrologInfoStackEntry));
547         if (entry != NULL) {
548           entry->next = rememberStack.entry;
549           entry->info = *results;
550           rememberStack.entry = entry;
551         } else {
552           return false;
553         }
554         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_remember_state\n");
555         break;
556       }
557       case DW_CFA_restore_state:
558         if (rememberStack.entry != NULL) {
559           PrologInfoStackEntry *top = rememberStack.entry;
560           *results = top->info;
561           rememberStack.entry = top->next;
562           _LIBUNWIND_REMEMBER_FREE(top);
563         } else {
564           return false;
565         }
566         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_restore_state\n");
567         break;
568       case DW_CFA_def_cfa:
569         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
570         offset = (int64_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
571         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
572           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0("malformed DW_CFA_def_cfa DWARF unwind, reg too big");
573           return false;
574         }
575         results->cfaRegister = (uint32_t)reg;
576         results->cfaRegisterOffset = (int32_t)offset;
577         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_def_cfa(reg=%" PRIu64 ", offset=%" PRIu64
578                                ")\n",
579                                reg, offset);
580         break;
581       case DW_CFA_def_cfa_register:
582         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
583         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
584           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
585               "malformed DW_CFA_def_cfa_register DWARF unwind, reg too big");
586           return false;
587         }
588         results->cfaRegister = (uint32_t)reg;
589         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_def_cfa_register(%" PRIu64 ")\n", reg);
590         break;
591       case DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset:
592         results->cfaRegisterOffset =
593             (int32_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
594         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset(%d)\n",
595                                results->cfaRegisterOffset);
596         break;
597       case DW_CFA_def_cfa_expression:
598         results->cfaRegister = 0;
599         results->cfaExpression = (int64_t)p;
600         length = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
601         assert(length < static_cast<pint_t>(~0) && "pointer overflow");
602         p += static_cast<pint_t>(length);
603         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_def_cfa_expression(expression=0x%" PRIx64
604                                ", length=%" PRIu64 ")\n",
605                                results->cfaExpression, length);
606         break;
607       case DW_CFA_expression:
608         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
609         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
610           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
611               "malformed DW_CFA_expression DWARF unwind, reg too big");
612           return false;
613         }
614         results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterAtExpression, (int64_t)p,
615                              initialState);
616         length = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
617         assert(length < static_cast<pint_t>(~0) && "pointer overflow");
618         p += static_cast<pint_t>(length);
619         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_expression(reg=%" PRIu64 ", "
620                                "expression=0x%" PRIx64 ", "
621                                "length=%" PRIu64 ")\n",
622                                reg, results->savedRegisters[reg].value, length);
623         break;
624       case DW_CFA_offset_extended_sf:
625         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
626         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
627           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
628               "malformed DW_CFA_offset_extended_sf DWARF unwind, reg too big");
629           return false;
630         }
631         offset = addressSpace.getSLEB128(p, instructionsEnd) *
632                  cieInfo.dataAlignFactor;
633         results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterInCFA, offset, initialState);
634         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_offset_extended_sf(reg=%" PRIu64 ", "
635                                "offset=%" PRId64 ")\n",
636                                reg, offset);
637         break;
638       case DW_CFA_def_cfa_sf:
639         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
640         offset = addressSpace.getSLEB128(p, instructionsEnd) *
641                  cieInfo.dataAlignFactor;
642         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
643           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
644               "malformed DW_CFA_def_cfa_sf DWARF unwind, reg too big");
645           return false;
646         }
647         results->cfaRegister = (uint32_t)reg;
648         results->cfaRegisterOffset = (int32_t)offset;
649         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_def_cfa_sf(reg=%" PRIu64 ", "
650                                "offset=%" PRId64 ")\n",
651                                reg, offset);
652         break;
653       case DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset_sf:
654         results->cfaRegisterOffset =
655             (int32_t)(addressSpace.getSLEB128(p, instructionsEnd) *
656                       cieInfo.dataAlignFactor);
657         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset_sf(%d)\n",
658                                results->cfaRegisterOffset);
659         break;
660       case DW_CFA_val_offset:
661         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
662         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
663           _LIBUNWIND_LOG(
664               "malformed DW_CFA_val_offset DWARF unwind, reg (%" PRIu64
665               ") out of range\n",
666               reg);
667           return false;
668         }
669         offset = (int64_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd) *
670                  cieInfo.dataAlignFactor;
671         results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterOffsetFromCFA, offset, initialState);
672         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_val_offset(reg=%" PRIu64 ", "
673                                "offset=%" PRId64 "\n",
674                                reg, offset);
675         break;
676       case DW_CFA_val_offset_sf:
677         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
678         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
679           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
680               "malformed DW_CFA_val_offset_sf DWARF unwind, reg too big");
681           return false;
682         }
683         offset = addressSpace.getSLEB128(p, instructionsEnd) *
684                  cieInfo.dataAlignFactor;
685         results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterOffsetFromCFA, offset, initialState);
686         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_val_offset_sf(reg=%" PRIu64 ", "
687                                "offset=%" PRId64 "\n",
688                                reg, offset);
689         break;
690       case DW_CFA_val_expression:
691         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
692         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
693           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0(
694               "malformed DW_CFA_val_expression DWARF unwind, reg too big");
695           return false;
696         }
697         results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterIsExpression, (int64_t)p,
698                              initialState);
699         length = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
700         assert(length < static_cast<pint_t>(~0) && "pointer overflow");
701         p += static_cast<pint_t>(length);
702         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_val_expression(reg=%" PRIu64 ", "
703                                "expression=0x%" PRIx64 ", length=%" PRIu64
704                                ")\n",
705                                reg, results->savedRegisters[reg].value, length);
706         break;
707       case DW_CFA_GNU_args_size:
708         length = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
709         results->spExtraArgSize = (uint32_t)length;
710         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_GNU_args_size(%" PRIu64 ")\n", length);
711         break;
712       case DW_CFA_GNU_negative_offset_extended:
713         reg = addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd);
714         if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
715           _LIBUNWIND_LOG0("malformed DW_CFA_GNU_negative_offset_extended DWARF "
716                           "unwind, reg too big");
717           return false;
718         }
719         offset = (int64_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd) *
720                  cieInfo.dataAlignFactor;
721         results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterInCFA, -offset, initialState);
722         _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF(
723             "DW_CFA_GNU_negative_offset_extended(%" PRId64 ")\n", offset);
724         break;
725 
726 #if defined(_LIBUNWIND_TARGET_AARCH64) || defined(_LIBUNWIND_TARGET_SPARC)
727         // The same constant is used to represent different instructions on
728         // AArch64 (negate_ra_state) and SPARC (window_save).
729         static_assert(DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state == DW_CFA_GNU_window_save,
730                       "uses the same constant");
731       case DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state:
732         switch (arch) {
733 #if defined(_LIBUNWIND_TARGET_AARCH64)
734         case REGISTERS_ARM64: {
735           int64_t value =
736               results->savedRegisters[UNW_ARM64_RA_SIGN_STATE].value ^ 0x1;
737           results->setRegisterValue(UNW_ARM64_RA_SIGN_STATE, value,
738                                     initialState);
739           _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_AARCH64_negate_ra_state\n");
740         } break;
741 #endif
742 
743 #if defined(_LIBUNWIND_TARGET_SPARC)
744         // case DW_CFA_GNU_window_save:
745         case REGISTERS_SPARC:
746           _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_GNU_window_save()\n");
747           for (reg = UNW_SPARC_O0; reg <= UNW_SPARC_O7; reg++) {
748             results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterInRegister,
749                                  ((int64_t)reg - UNW_SPARC_O0) + UNW_SPARC_I0,
750                                  initialState);
751           }
752 
753           for (reg = UNW_SPARC_L0; reg <= UNW_SPARC_I7; reg++) {
754             results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterInCFA,
755                                  ((int64_t)reg - UNW_SPARC_L0) * 4,
756                                  initialState);
757           }
758           break;
759 #endif
760         }
761         break;
762 #else
763         (void)arch;
764 #endif
765 
766       default:
767         operand = opcode & 0x3F;
768         switch (opcode & 0xC0) {
769         case DW_CFA_offset:
770           reg = operand;
771           if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
772             _LIBUNWIND_LOG("malformed DW_CFA_offset DWARF unwind, reg (%" PRIu64
773                            ") out of range",
774                            reg);
775             return false;
776           }
777           offset = (int64_t)addressSpace.getULEB128(p, instructionsEnd) *
778                    cieInfo.dataAlignFactor;
779           results->setRegister(reg, kRegisterInCFA, offset, initialState);
780           _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_offset(reg=%d, offset=%" PRId64 ")\n",
781                                  operand, offset);
782           break;
783         case DW_CFA_advance_loc:
784           codeOffset += operand * cieInfo.codeAlignFactor;
785           _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_advance_loc: new offset=%" PRIu64 "\n",
786                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(codeOffset));
787           break;
788         case DW_CFA_restore:
789           reg = operand;
790           if (reg > kMaxRegisterNumber) {
791             _LIBUNWIND_LOG(
792                 "malformed DW_CFA_restore DWARF unwind, reg (%" PRIu64
793                 ") out of range",
794                 reg);
795             return false;
796           }
797           results->restoreRegisterToInitialState(reg, initialState);
798           _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("DW_CFA_restore(reg=%" PRIu64 ")\n",
799                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(operand));
800           break;
801         default:
802           _LIBUNWIND_TRACE_DWARF("unknown CFA opcode 0x%02X\n", opcode);
803           return false;
804         }
805       }
806     }
807   }
808   return true;
809 }
810 
811 } // namespace libunwind
812 
813 #endif // __DWARF_PARSER_HPP__
814