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25 
26 package java.io;
27 
28 /**
29  * A <code>PushbackInputStream</code> adds
30  * functionality to another input stream, namely
31  * the  ability to "push back" or "unread" bytes,
32  * by storing pushed-back bytes in an internal buffer.
33  * This is useful in situations where
34  * it is convenient for a fragment of code
35  * to read an indefinite number of data bytes
36  * that  are delimited by a particular byte
37  * value; after reading the terminating byte,
38  * the  code fragment can "unread" it, so that
39  * the next read operation on the input stream
40  * will reread the byte that was pushed back.
41  * For example, bytes representing the  characters
42  * constituting an identifier might be terminated
43  * by a byte representing an  operator character;
44  * a method whose job is to read just an identifier
45  * can read until it  sees the operator and
46  * then push the operator back to be re-read.
47  *
48  * @author  David Connelly
49  * @author  Jonathan Payne
50  * @since   1.0
51  */
52 public
53 class PushbackInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
54     /**
55      * The pushback buffer.
56      * @since   1.1
57      */
58     protected byte[] buf;
59 
60     /**
61      * The position within the pushback buffer from which the next byte will
62      * be read.  When the buffer is empty, <code>pos</code> is equal to
63      * <code>buf.length</code>; when the buffer is full, <code>pos</code> is
64      * equal to zero.
65      *
66      * @since   1.1
67      */
68     protected int pos;
69 
70     /**
71      * Check to make sure that this stream has not been closed
72      */
ensureOpen()73     private void ensureOpen() throws IOException {
74         if (in == null)
75             throw new IOException("Stream closed");
76     }
77 
78     /**
79      * Creates a <code>PushbackInputStream</code>
80      * with a pushback buffer of the specified <code>size</code>,
81      * and saves its argument, the input stream
82      * <code>in</code>, for later use. Initially,
83      * the pushback buffer is empty.
84      *
85      * @param  in    the input stream from which bytes will be read.
86      * @param  size  the size of the pushback buffer.
87      * @exception IllegalArgumentException if {@code size <= 0}
88      * @since  1.1
89      */
PushbackInputStream(InputStream in, int size)90     public PushbackInputStream(InputStream in, int size) {
91         super(in);
92         if (size <= 0) {
93             throw new IllegalArgumentException("size <= 0");
94         }
95         this.buf = new byte[size];
96         this.pos = size;
97     }
98 
99     /**
100      * Creates a <code>PushbackInputStream</code>
101      * with a 1-byte pushback buffer, and saves its argument, the input stream
102      * <code>in</code>, for later use. Initially,
103      * the pushback buffer is empty.
104      *
105      * @param   in   the input stream from which bytes will be read.
106      */
PushbackInputStream(InputStream in)107     public PushbackInputStream(InputStream in) {
108         this(in, 1);
109     }
110 
111     /**
112      * Reads the next byte of data from this input stream. The value
113      * byte is returned as an <code>int</code> in the range
114      * <code>0</code> to <code>255</code>. If no byte is available
115      * because the end of the stream has been reached, the value
116      * <code>-1</code> is returned. This method blocks until input data
117      * is available, the end of the stream is detected, or an exception
118      * is thrown.
119      *
120      * <p> This method returns the most recently pushed-back byte, if there is
121      * one, and otherwise calls the <code>read</code> method of its underlying
122      * input stream and returns whatever value that method returns.
123      *
124      * @return     the next byte of data, or <code>-1</code> if the end of the
125      *             stream has been reached.
126      * @exception  IOException  if this input stream has been closed by
127      *             invoking its {@link #close()} method,
128      *             or an I/O error occurs.
129      * @see        java.io.InputStream#read()
130      */
read()131     public int read() throws IOException {
132         ensureOpen();
133         if (pos < buf.length) {
134             return buf[pos++] & 0xff;
135         }
136         return super.read();
137     }
138 
139     /**
140      * Reads up to <code>len</code> bytes of data from this input stream into
141      * an array of bytes.  This method first reads any pushed-back bytes; after
142      * that, if fewer than <code>len</code> bytes have been read then it
143      * reads from the underlying input stream. If <code>len</code> is not zero, the method
144      * blocks until at least 1 byte of input is available; otherwise, no
145      * bytes are read and <code>0</code> is returned.
146      *
147      * @param      b     the buffer into which the data is read.
148      * @param      off   the start offset in the destination array <code>b</code>
149      * @param      len   the maximum number of bytes read.
150      * @return     the total number of bytes read into the buffer, or
151      *             <code>-1</code> if there is no more data because the end of
152      *             the stream has been reached.
153      * @exception  NullPointerException If <code>b</code> is <code>null</code>.
154      * @exception  IndexOutOfBoundsException If <code>off</code> is negative,
155      * <code>len</code> is negative, or <code>len</code> is greater than
156      * <code>b.length - off</code>
157      * @exception  IOException  if this input stream has been closed by
158      *             invoking its {@link #close()} method,
159      *             or an I/O error occurs.
160      * @see        java.io.InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)
161      */
read(byte[] b, int off, int len)162     public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
163         ensureOpen();
164         if (b == null) {
165             throw new NullPointerException();
166         } else if (off < 0 || len < 0 || len > b.length - off) {
167             throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
168         } else if (len == 0) {
169             return 0;
170         }
171 
172         int avail = buf.length - pos;
173         if (avail > 0) {
174             if (len < avail) {
175                 avail = len;
176             }
177             System.arraycopy(buf, pos, b, off, avail);
178             pos += avail;
179             off += avail;
180             len -= avail;
181         }
182         if (len > 0) {
183             len = super.read(b, off, len);
184             if (len == -1) {
185                 return avail == 0 ? -1 : avail;
186             }
187             return avail + len;
188         }
189         return avail;
190     }
191 
192     /**
193      * Pushes back a byte by copying it to the front of the pushback buffer.
194      * After this method returns, the next byte to be read will have the value
195      * <code>(byte)b</code>.
196      *
197      * @param      b   the <code>int</code> value whose low-order
198      *                  byte is to be pushed back.
199      * @exception IOException If there is not enough room in the pushback
200      *            buffer for the byte, or this input stream has been closed by
201      *            invoking its {@link #close()} method.
202      */
unread(int b)203     public void unread(int b) throws IOException {
204         ensureOpen();
205         if (pos == 0) {
206             throw new IOException("Push back buffer is full");
207         }
208         buf[--pos] = (byte)b;
209     }
210 
211     /**
212      * Pushes back a portion of an array of bytes by copying it to the front
213      * of the pushback buffer.  After this method returns, the next byte to be
214      * read will have the value <code>b[off]</code>, the byte after that will
215      * have the value <code>b[off+1]</code>, and so forth.
216      *
217      * @param b the byte array to push back.
218      * @param off the start offset of the data.
219      * @param len the number of bytes to push back.
220      * @exception IOException If there is not enough room in the pushback
221      *            buffer for the specified number of bytes,
222      *            or this input stream has been closed by
223      *            invoking its {@link #close()} method.
224      * @since     1.1
225      */
unread(byte[] b, int off, int len)226     public void unread(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
227         ensureOpen();
228         if (len > pos) {
229             throw new IOException("Push back buffer is full");
230         }
231         pos -= len;
232         System.arraycopy(b, off, buf, pos, len);
233     }
234 
235     /**
236      * Pushes back an array of bytes by copying it to the front of the
237      * pushback buffer.  After this method returns, the next byte to be read
238      * will have the value <code>b[0]</code>, the byte after that will have the
239      * value <code>b[1]</code>, and so forth.
240      *
241      * @param b the byte array to push back
242      * @exception IOException If there is not enough room in the pushback
243      *            buffer for the specified number of bytes,
244      *            or this input stream has been closed by
245      *            invoking its {@link #close()} method.
246      * @since     1.1
247      */
unread(byte[] b)248     public void unread(byte[] b) throws IOException {
249         unread(b, 0, b.length);
250     }
251 
252     /**
253      * Returns an estimate of the number of bytes that can be read (or
254      * skipped over) from this input stream without blocking by the next
255      * invocation of a method for this input stream. The next invocation might be
256      * the same thread or another thread.  A single read or skip of this
257      * many bytes will not block, but may read or skip fewer bytes.
258      *
259      * <p> The method returns the sum of the number of bytes that have been
260      * pushed back and the value returned by {@link
261      * java.io.FilterInputStream#available available}.
262      *
263      * @return     the number of bytes that can be read (or skipped over) from
264      *             the input stream without blocking.
265      * @exception  IOException  if this input stream has been closed by
266      *             invoking its {@link #close()} method,
267      *             or an I/O error occurs.
268      * @see        java.io.FilterInputStream#in
269      * @see        java.io.InputStream#available()
270      */
available()271     public int available() throws IOException {
272         ensureOpen();
273         int n = buf.length - pos;
274         int avail = super.available();
275         return n > (Integer.MAX_VALUE - avail)
276                     ? Integer.MAX_VALUE
277                     : n + avail;
278     }
279 
280     /**
281      * Skips over and discards <code>n</code> bytes of data from this
282      * input stream. The <code>skip</code> method may, for a variety of
283      * reasons, end up skipping over some smaller number of bytes,
284      * possibly zero.  If <code>n</code> is negative, no bytes are skipped.
285      *
286      * <p> The <code>skip</code> method of <code>PushbackInputStream</code>
287      * first skips over the bytes in the pushback buffer, if any.  It then
288      * calls the <code>skip</code> method of the underlying input stream if
289      * more bytes need to be skipped.  The actual number of bytes skipped
290      * is returned.
291      *
292      * @param      n  {@inheritDoc}
293      * @return     {@inheritDoc}
294      * @throws     IOException  if the stream has been closed by
295      *             invoking its {@link #close()} method,
296      *             {@code in.skip(n)} throws an IOException,
297      *             or an I/O error occurs.
298      * @see        java.io.FilterInputStream#in
299      * @see        java.io.InputStream#skip(long n)
300      * @since      1.2
301      */
skip(long n)302     public long skip(long n) throws IOException {
303         ensureOpen();
304         if (n <= 0) {
305             return 0;
306         }
307 
308         long pskip = buf.length - pos;
309         if (pskip > 0) {
310             if (n < pskip) {
311                 pskip = n;
312             }
313             pos += pskip;
314             n -= pskip;
315         }
316         if (n > 0) {
317             pskip += super.skip(n);
318         }
319         return pskip;
320     }
321 
322     /**
323      * Tests if this input stream supports the <code>mark</code> and
324      * <code>reset</code> methods, which it does not.
325      *
326      * @return   <code>false</code>, since this class does not support the
327      *           <code>mark</code> and <code>reset</code> methods.
328      * @see     java.io.InputStream#mark(int)
329      * @see     java.io.InputStream#reset()
330      */
markSupported()331     public boolean markSupported() {
332         return false;
333     }
334 
335     /**
336      * Marks the current position in this input stream.
337      *
338      * <p> The <code>mark</code> method of <code>PushbackInputStream</code>
339      * does nothing.
340      *
341      * @param   readlimit   the maximum limit of bytes that can be read before
342      *                      the mark position becomes invalid.
343      * @see     java.io.InputStream#reset()
344      */
mark(int readlimit)345     public synchronized void mark(int readlimit) {
346     }
347 
348     /**
349      * Repositions this stream to the position at the time the
350      * <code>mark</code> method was last called on this input stream.
351      *
352      * <p> The method <code>reset</code> for class
353      * <code>PushbackInputStream</code> does nothing except throw an
354      * <code>IOException</code>.
355      *
356      * @exception  IOException  if this method is invoked.
357      * @see     java.io.InputStream#mark(int)
358      * @see     java.io.IOException
359      */
reset()360     public synchronized void reset() throws IOException {
361         throw new IOException("mark/reset not supported");
362     }
363 
364     /**
365      * Closes this input stream and releases any system resources
366      * associated with the stream.
367      * Once the stream has been closed, further read(), unread(),
368      * available(), reset(), or skip() invocations will throw an IOException.
369      * Closing a previously closed stream has no effect.
370      *
371      * @exception  IOException  if an I/O error occurs.
372      */
close()373     public synchronized void close() throws IOException {
374         if (in == null)
375             return;
376         in.close();
377         in = null;
378         buf = null;
379     }
380 }
381