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3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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25 
26 /*
27  * This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
28  * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
29  * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
30  * file:
31  *
32  * Copyright (c) 2007-2012, Stephen Colebourne & Michael Nascimento Santos
33  *
34  * All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
38  *
39  *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
40  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  *
42  *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
43  *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
44  *    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
45  *
46  *  * Neither the name of JSR-310 nor the names of its contributors
47  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
48  *    without specific prior written permission.
49  *
50  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
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56  * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
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58  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
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60  * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
61  */
62 package java.time;
63 
64 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.ERA;
65 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.YEAR;
66 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoField.YEAR_OF_ERA;
67 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.CENTURIES;
68 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.DECADES;
69 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.ERAS;
70 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.MILLENNIA;
71 import static java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit.YEARS;
72 
73 import java.io.DataInput;
74 import java.io.DataOutput;
75 import java.io.IOException;
76 import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
77 import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
78 import java.io.Serializable;
79 import java.time.chrono.Chronology;
80 import java.time.chrono.IsoChronology;
81 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
82 import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatterBuilder;
83 import java.time.format.DateTimeParseException;
84 import java.time.format.SignStyle;
85 import java.time.temporal.ChronoField;
86 import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
87 import java.time.temporal.Temporal;
88 import java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor;
89 import java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster;
90 import java.time.temporal.TemporalAmount;
91 import java.time.temporal.TemporalField;
92 import java.time.temporal.TemporalQueries;
93 import java.time.temporal.TemporalQuery;
94 import java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit;
95 import java.time.temporal.UnsupportedTemporalTypeException;
96 import java.time.temporal.ValueRange;
97 import java.util.Objects;
98 
99 // Android-changed: removed ValueBased paragraph.
100 /**
101  * A year in the ISO-8601 calendar system, such as {@code 2007}.
102  * <p>
103  * {@code Year} is an immutable date-time object that represents a year.
104  * Any field that can be derived from a year can be obtained.
105  * <p>
106  * <b>Note that years in the ISO chronology only align with years in the
107  * Gregorian-Julian system for modern years. Parts of Russia did not switch to the
108  * modern Gregorian/ISO rules until 1920.
109  * As such, historical years must be treated with caution.</b>
110  * <p>
111  * This class does not store or represent a month, day, time or time-zone.
112  * For example, the value "2007" can be stored in a {@code Year}.
113  * <p>
114  * Years represented by this class follow the ISO-8601 standard and use
115  * the proleptic numbering system. Year 1 is preceded by year 0, then by year -1.
116  * <p>
117  * The ISO-8601 calendar system is the modern civil calendar system used today
118  * in most of the world. It is equivalent to the proleptic Gregorian calendar
119  * system, in which today's rules for leap years are applied for all time.
120  * For most applications written today, the ISO-8601 rules are entirely suitable.
121  * However, any application that makes use of historical dates, and requires them
122  * to be accurate will find the ISO-8601 approach unsuitable.
123  *
124  * @implSpec
125  * This class is immutable and thread-safe.
126  *
127  * @since 1.8
128  */
129 public final class Year
130         implements Temporal, TemporalAdjuster, Comparable<Year>, Serializable {
131 
132     /**
133      * The minimum supported year, '-999,999,999'.
134      */
135     public static final int MIN_VALUE = -999_999_999;
136     /**
137      * The maximum supported year, '+999,999,999'.
138      */
139     public static final int MAX_VALUE = 999_999_999;
140 
141     /**
142      * Serialization version.
143      */
144     @java.io.Serial
145     private static final long serialVersionUID = -23038383694477807L;
146     /**
147      * Parser.
148      */
149     private static final DateTimeFormatter PARSER = new DateTimeFormatterBuilder()
150         .parseLenient()
151         .appendValue(YEAR, 1, 10, SignStyle.NORMAL)
152         .toFormatter();
153 
154     /**
155      * The year being represented.
156      */
157     private final int year;
158 
159     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
160     /**
161      * Obtains the current year from the system clock in the default time-zone.
162      * <p>
163      * This will query the {@link Clock#systemDefaultZone() system clock} in the default
164      * time-zone to obtain the current year.
165      * <p>
166      * Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing
167      * because the clock is hard-coded.
168      *
169      * @return the current year using the system clock and default time-zone, not null
170      */
now()171     public static Year now() {
172         return now(Clock.systemDefaultZone());
173     }
174 
175     /**
176      * Obtains the current year from the system clock in the specified time-zone.
177      * <p>
178      * This will query the {@link Clock#system(ZoneId) system clock} to obtain the current year.
179      * Specifying the time-zone avoids dependence on the default time-zone.
180      * <p>
181      * Using this method will prevent the ability to use an alternate clock for testing
182      * because the clock is hard-coded.
183      *
184      * @param zone  the zone ID to use, not null
185      * @return the current year using the system clock, not null
186      */
now(ZoneId zone)187     public static Year now(ZoneId zone) {
188         return now(Clock.system(zone));
189     }
190 
191     /**
192      * Obtains the current year from the specified clock.
193      * <p>
194      * This will query the specified clock to obtain the current year.
195      * Using this method allows the use of an alternate clock for testing.
196      * The alternate clock may be introduced using {@link Clock dependency injection}.
197      *
198      * @param clock  the clock to use, not null
199      * @return the current year, not null
200      */
now(Clock clock)201     public static Year now(Clock clock) {
202         final LocalDate now = LocalDate.now(clock);  // called once
203         return Year.of(now.getYear());
204     }
205 
206     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
207     /**
208      * Obtains an instance of {@code Year}.
209      * <p>
210      * This method accepts a year value from the proleptic ISO calendar system.
211      * <p>
212      * The year 2AD/CE is represented by 2.<br>
213      * The year 1AD/CE is represented by 1.<br>
214      * The year 1BC/BCE is represented by 0.<br>
215      * The year 2BC/BCE is represented by -1.<br>
216      *
217      * @param isoYear  the ISO proleptic year to represent, from {@code MIN_VALUE} to {@code MAX_VALUE}
218      * @return the year, not null
219      * @throws DateTimeException if the field is invalid
220      */
of(int isoYear)221     public static Year of(int isoYear) {
222         YEAR.checkValidValue(isoYear);
223         return new Year(isoYear);
224     }
225 
226     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
227     /**
228      * Obtains an instance of {@code Year} from a temporal object.
229      * <p>
230      * This obtains a year based on the specified temporal.
231      * A {@code TemporalAccessor} represents an arbitrary set of date and time information,
232      * which this factory converts to an instance of {@code Year}.
233      * <p>
234      * The conversion extracts the {@link ChronoField#YEAR year} field.
235      * The extraction is only permitted if the temporal object has an ISO
236      * chronology, or can be converted to a {@code LocalDate}.
237      * <p>
238      * This method matches the signature of the functional interface {@link TemporalQuery}
239      * allowing it to be used as a query via method reference, {@code Year::from}.
240      *
241      * @param temporal  the temporal object to convert, not null
242      * @return the year, not null
243      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to convert to a {@code Year}
244      */
from(TemporalAccessor temporal)245     public static Year from(TemporalAccessor temporal) {
246         if (temporal instanceof Year) {
247             return (Year) temporal;
248         }
249         Objects.requireNonNull(temporal, "temporal");
250         try {
251             if (IsoChronology.INSTANCE.equals(Chronology.from(temporal)) == false) {
252                 temporal = LocalDate.from(temporal);
253             }
254             return of(temporal.get(YEAR));
255         } catch (DateTimeException ex) {
256             throw new DateTimeException("Unable to obtain Year from TemporalAccessor: " +
257                     temporal + " of type " + temporal.getClass().getName(), ex);
258         }
259     }
260 
261     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
262     /**
263      * Obtains an instance of {@code Year} from a text string such as {@code 2007}.
264      * <p>
265      * The string must represent a valid year.
266      *
267      * @param text  the text to parse such as "2007", not null
268      * @return the parsed year, not null
269      * @throws DateTimeParseException if the text cannot be parsed
270      */
parse(CharSequence text)271     public static Year parse(CharSequence text) {
272         return parse(text, PARSER);
273     }
274 
275     /**
276      * Obtains an instance of {@code Year} from a text string using a specific formatter.
277      * <p>
278      * The text is parsed using the formatter, returning a year.
279      *
280      * @param text  the text to parse, not null
281      * @param formatter  the formatter to use, not null
282      * @return the parsed year, not null
283      * @throws DateTimeParseException if the text cannot be parsed
284      */
parse(CharSequence text, DateTimeFormatter formatter)285     public static Year parse(CharSequence text, DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
286         Objects.requireNonNull(formatter, "formatter");
287         return formatter.parse(text, Year::from);
288     }
289 
290     //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
291     /**
292      * Checks if the year is a leap year, according to the ISO proleptic
293      * calendar system rules.
294      * <p>
295      * This method applies the current rules for leap years across the whole time-line.
296      * In general, a year is a leap year if it is divisible by four without
297      * remainder. However, years divisible by 100, are not leap years, with
298      * the exception of years divisible by 400 which are.
299      * <p>
300      * For example, 1904 is a leap year it is divisible by 4.
301      * 1900 was not a leap year as it is divisible by 100, however 2000 was a
302      * leap year as it is divisible by 400.
303      * <p>
304      * The calculation is proleptic - applying the same rules into the far future and far past.
305      * This is historically inaccurate, but is correct for the ISO-8601 standard.
306      *
307      * @param year  the year to check
308      * @return true if the year is leap, false otherwise
309      */
isLeap(long year)310     public static boolean isLeap(long year) {
311         return ((year & 3) == 0) && ((year % 100) != 0 || (year % 400) == 0);
312     }
313 
314     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
315     /**
316      * Constructor.
317      *
318      * @param year  the year to represent
319      */
Year(int year)320     private Year(int year) {
321         this.year = year;
322     }
323 
324     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
325     /**
326      * Gets the year value.
327      * <p>
328      * The year returned by this method is proleptic as per {@code get(YEAR)}.
329      *
330      * @return the year, {@code MIN_VALUE} to {@code MAX_VALUE}
331      */
getValue()332     public int getValue() {
333         return year;
334     }
335 
336     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
337     /**
338      * Checks if the specified field is supported.
339      * <p>
340      * This checks if this year can be queried for the specified field.
341      * If false, then calling the {@link #range(TemporalField) range},
342      * {@link #get(TemporalField) get} and {@link #with(TemporalField, long)}
343      * methods will throw an exception.
344      * <p>
345      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
346      * The supported fields are:
347      * <ul>
348      * <li>{@code YEAR_OF_ERA}
349      * <li>{@code YEAR}
350      * <li>{@code ERA}
351      * </ul>
352      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will return false.
353      * <p>
354      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
355      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.isSupportedBy(TemporalAccessor)}
356      * passing {@code this} as the argument.
357      * Whether the field is supported is determined by the field.
358      *
359      * @param field  the field to check, null returns false
360      * @return true if the field is supported on this year, false if not
361      */
362     @Override
isSupported(TemporalField field)363     public boolean isSupported(TemporalField field) {
364         if (field instanceof ChronoField) {
365             return field == YEAR || field == YEAR_OF_ERA || field == ERA;
366         }
367         return field != null && field.isSupportedBy(this);
368     }
369 
370     /**
371      * Checks if the specified unit is supported.
372      * <p>
373      * This checks if the specified unit can be added to, or subtracted from, this year.
374      * If false, then calling the {@link #plus(long, TemporalUnit)} and
375      * {@link #minus(long, TemporalUnit) minus} methods will throw an exception.
376      * <p>
377      * If the unit is a {@link ChronoUnit} then the query is implemented here.
378      * The supported units are:
379      * <ul>
380      * <li>{@code YEARS}
381      * <li>{@code DECADES}
382      * <li>{@code CENTURIES}
383      * <li>{@code MILLENNIA}
384      * <li>{@code ERAS}
385      * </ul>
386      * All other {@code ChronoUnit} instances will return false.
387      * <p>
388      * If the unit is not a {@code ChronoUnit}, then the result of this method
389      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalUnit.isSupportedBy(Temporal)}
390      * passing {@code this} as the argument.
391      * Whether the unit is supported is determined by the unit.
392      *
393      * @param unit  the unit to check, null returns false
394      * @return true if the unit can be added/subtracted, false if not
395      */
396     @Override
isSupported(TemporalUnit unit)397     public boolean isSupported(TemporalUnit unit) {
398         if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit) {
399             return unit == YEARS || unit == DECADES || unit == CENTURIES || unit == MILLENNIA || unit == ERAS;
400         }
401         return unit != null && unit.isSupportedBy(this);
402     }
403 
404     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
405     /**
406      * Gets the range of valid values for the specified field.
407      * <p>
408      * The range object expresses the minimum and maximum valid values for a field.
409      * This year is used to enhance the accuracy of the returned range.
410      * If it is not possible to return the range, because the field is not supported
411      * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
412      * <p>
413      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
414      * The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return
415      * appropriate range instances.
416      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
417      * <p>
418      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
419      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.rangeRefinedBy(TemporalAccessor)}
420      * passing {@code this} as the argument.
421      * Whether the range can be obtained is determined by the field.
422      *
423      * @param field  the field to query the range for, not null
424      * @return the range of valid values for the field, not null
425      * @throws DateTimeException if the range for the field cannot be obtained
426      * @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported
427      */
428     @Override
range(TemporalField field)429     public ValueRange range(TemporalField field) {
430         if (field == YEAR_OF_ERA) {
431             return (year <= 0 ? ValueRange.of(1, MAX_VALUE + 1) : ValueRange.of(1, MAX_VALUE));
432         }
433         return Temporal.super.range(field);
434     }
435 
436     /**
437      * Gets the value of the specified field from this year as an {@code int}.
438      * <p>
439      * This queries this year for the value of the specified field.
440      * The returned value will always be within the valid range of values for the field.
441      * If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported
442      * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
443      * <p>
444      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
445      * The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return valid
446      * values based on this year.
447      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
448      * <p>
449      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
450      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor)}
451      * passing {@code this} as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
452      * and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
453      *
454      * @param field  the field to get, not null
455      * @return the value for the field
456      * @throws DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained or
457      *         the value is outside the range of valid values for the field
458      * @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported or
459      *         the range of values exceeds an {@code int}
460      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
461      */
462     @Override  // override for Javadoc
get(TemporalField field)463     public int get(TemporalField field) {
464         return range(field).checkValidIntValue(getLong(field), field);
465     }
466 
467     /**
468      * Gets the value of the specified field from this year as a {@code long}.
469      * <p>
470      * This queries this year for the value of the specified field.
471      * If it is not possible to return the value, because the field is not supported
472      * or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
473      * <p>
474      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the query is implemented here.
475      * The {@link #isSupported(TemporalField) supported fields} will return valid
476      * values based on this year.
477      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
478      * <p>
479      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
480      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.getFrom(TemporalAccessor)}
481      * passing {@code this} as the argument. Whether the value can be obtained,
482      * and what the value represents, is determined by the field.
483      *
484      * @param field  the field to get, not null
485      * @return the value for the field
486      * @throws DateTimeException if a value for the field cannot be obtained
487      * @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported
488      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
489      */
490     @Override
getLong(TemporalField field)491     public long getLong(TemporalField field) {
492         if (field instanceof ChronoField chronoField) {
493             switch (chronoField) {
494                 case YEAR_OF_ERA: return (year < 1 ? 1 - year : year);
495                 case YEAR: return year;
496                 case ERA: return (year < 1 ? 0 : 1);
497             }
498             throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported field: " + field);
499         }
500         return field.getFrom(this);
501     }
502 
503     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
504     /**
505      * Checks if the year is a leap year, according to the ISO proleptic
506      * calendar system rules.
507      * <p>
508      * This method applies the current rules for leap years across the whole time-line.
509      * In general, a year is a leap year if it is divisible by four without
510      * remainder. However, years divisible by 100, are not leap years, with
511      * the exception of years divisible by 400 which are.
512      * <p>
513      * For example, 1904 is a leap year it is divisible by 4.
514      * 1900 was not a leap year as it is divisible by 100, however 2000 was a
515      * leap year as it is divisible by 400.
516      * <p>
517      * The calculation is proleptic - applying the same rules into the far future and far past.
518      * This is historically inaccurate, but is correct for the ISO-8601 standard.
519      *
520      * @return true if the year is leap, false otherwise
521      */
isLeap()522     public boolean isLeap() {
523         return Year.isLeap(year);
524     }
525 
526     /**
527      * Checks if the month-day is valid for this year.
528      * <p>
529      * This method checks whether this year and the input month and day form
530      * a valid date.
531      *
532      * @param monthDay  the month-day to validate, null returns false
533      * @return true if the month and day are valid for this year
534      */
isValidMonthDay(MonthDay monthDay)535     public boolean isValidMonthDay(MonthDay monthDay) {
536         return monthDay != null && monthDay.isValidYear(year);
537     }
538 
539     /**
540      * Gets the length of this year in days.
541      *
542      * @return the length of this year in days, 365 or 366
543      */
length()544     public int length() {
545         return isLeap() ? 366 : 365;
546     }
547 
548     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
549     /**
550      * Returns an adjusted copy of this year.
551      * <p>
552      * This returns a {@code Year}, based on this one, with the year adjusted.
553      * The adjustment takes place using the specified adjuster strategy object.
554      * Read the documentation of the adjuster to understand what adjustment will be made.
555      * <p>
556      * The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
557      * {@link TemporalAdjuster#adjustInto(Temporal)} method on the
558      * specified adjuster passing {@code this} as the argument.
559      * <p>
560      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
561      *
562      * @param adjuster the adjuster to use, not null
563      * @return a {@code Year} based on {@code this} with the adjustment made, not null
564      * @throws DateTimeException if the adjustment cannot be made
565      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
566      */
567     @Override
with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster)568     public Year with(TemporalAdjuster adjuster) {
569         return (Year) adjuster.adjustInto(this);
570     }
571 
572     /**
573      * Returns a copy of this year with the specified field set to a new value.
574      * <p>
575      * This returns a {@code Year}, based on this one, with the value
576      * for the specified field changed.
577      * If it is not possible to set the value, because the field is not supported or for
578      * some other reason, an exception is thrown.
579      * <p>
580      * If the field is a {@link ChronoField} then the adjustment is implemented here.
581      * The supported fields behave as follows:
582      * <ul>
583      * <li>{@code YEAR_OF_ERA} -
584      *  Returns a {@code Year} with the specified year-of-era
585      *  The era will be unchanged.
586      * <li>{@code YEAR} -
587      *  Returns a {@code Year} with the specified year.
588      *  This completely replaces the date and is equivalent to {@link #of(int)}.
589      * <li>{@code ERA} -
590      *  Returns a {@code Year} with the specified era.
591      *  The year-of-era will be unchanged.
592      * </ul>
593      * <p>
594      * In all cases, if the new value is outside the valid range of values for the field
595      * then a {@code DateTimeException} will be thrown.
596      * <p>
597      * All other {@code ChronoField} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
598      * <p>
599      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoField}, then the result of this method
600      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalField.adjustInto(Temporal, long)}
601      * passing {@code this} as the argument. In this case, the field determines
602      * whether and how to adjust the instant.
603      * <p>
604      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
605      *
606      * @param field  the field to set in the result, not null
607      * @param newValue  the new value of the field in the result
608      * @return a {@code Year} based on {@code this} with the specified field set, not null
609      * @throws DateTimeException if the field cannot be set
610      * @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the field is not supported
611      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
612      */
613     @Override
with(TemporalField field, long newValue)614     public Year with(TemporalField field, long newValue) {
615         if (field instanceof ChronoField chronoField) {
616             chronoField.checkValidValue(newValue);
617             switch (chronoField) {
618                 case YEAR_OF_ERA: return Year.of((int) (year < 1 ? 1 - newValue : newValue));
619                 case YEAR: return Year.of((int) newValue);
620                 case ERA: return (getLong(ERA) == newValue ? this : Year.of(1 - year));
621             }
622             throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported field: " + field);
623         }
624         return field.adjustInto(this, newValue);
625     }
626 
627     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
628     /**
629      * Returns a copy of this year with the specified amount added.
630      * <p>
631      * This returns a {@code Year}, based on this one, with the specified amount added.
632      * The amount is typically {@link Period} but may be any other type implementing
633      * the {@link TemporalAmount} interface.
634      * <p>
635      * The calculation is delegated to the amount object by calling
636      * {@link TemporalAmount#addTo(Temporal)}. The amount implementation is free
637      * to implement the addition in any way it wishes, however it typically
638      * calls back to {@link #plus(long, TemporalUnit)}. Consult the documentation
639      * of the amount implementation to determine if it can be successfully added.
640      * <p>
641      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
642      *
643      * @param amountToAdd  the amount to add, not null
644      * @return a {@code Year} based on this year with the addition made, not null
645      * @throws DateTimeException if the addition cannot be made
646      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
647      */
648     @Override
plus(TemporalAmount amountToAdd)649     public Year plus(TemporalAmount amountToAdd) {
650         return (Year) amountToAdd.addTo(this);
651     }
652 
653     /**
654      * Returns a copy of this year with the specified amount added.
655      * <p>
656      * This returns a {@code Year}, based on this one, with the amount
657      * in terms of the unit added. If it is not possible to add the amount, because the
658      * unit is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
659      * <p>
660      * If the field is a {@link ChronoUnit} then the addition is implemented here.
661      * The supported fields behave as follows:
662      * <ul>
663      * <li>{@code YEARS} -
664      *  Returns a {@code Year} with the specified number of years added.
665      *  This is equivalent to {@link #plusYears(long)}.
666      * <li>{@code DECADES} -
667      *  Returns a {@code Year} with the specified number of decades added.
668      *  This is equivalent to calling {@link #plusYears(long)} with the amount
669      *  multiplied by 10.
670      * <li>{@code CENTURIES} -
671      *  Returns a {@code Year} with the specified number of centuries added.
672      *  This is equivalent to calling {@link #plusYears(long)} with the amount
673      *  multiplied by 100.
674      * <li>{@code MILLENNIA} -
675      *  Returns a {@code Year} with the specified number of millennia added.
676      *  This is equivalent to calling {@link #plusYears(long)} with the amount
677      *  multiplied by 1,000.
678      * <li>{@code ERAS} -
679      *  Returns a {@code Year} with the specified number of eras added.
680      *  Only two eras are supported so the amount must be one, zero or minus one.
681      *  If the amount is non-zero then the year is changed such that the year-of-era
682      *  is unchanged.
683      * </ul>
684      * <p>
685      * All other {@code ChronoUnit} instances will throw an {@code UnsupportedTemporalTypeException}.
686      * <p>
687      * If the field is not a {@code ChronoUnit}, then the result of this method
688      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalUnit.addTo(Temporal, long)}
689      * passing {@code this} as the argument. In this case, the unit determines
690      * whether and how to perform the addition.
691      * <p>
692      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
693      *
694      * @param amountToAdd  the amount of the unit to add to the result, may be negative
695      * @param unit  the unit of the amount to add, not null
696      * @return a {@code Year} based on this year with the specified amount added, not null
697      * @throws DateTimeException if the addition cannot be made
698      * @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the unit is not supported
699      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
700      */
701     @Override
plus(long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit)702     public Year plus(long amountToAdd, TemporalUnit unit) {
703         if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit chronoUnit) {
704             switch (chronoUnit) {
705                 case YEARS: return plusYears(amountToAdd);
706                 case DECADES: return plusYears(Math.multiplyExact(amountToAdd, 10));
707                 case CENTURIES: return plusYears(Math.multiplyExact(amountToAdd, 100));
708                 case MILLENNIA: return plusYears(Math.multiplyExact(amountToAdd, 1000));
709                 case ERAS: return with(ERA, Math.addExact(getLong(ERA), amountToAdd));
710             }
711             throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported unit: " + unit);
712         }
713         return unit.addTo(this, amountToAdd);
714     }
715 
716     /**
717      * Returns a copy of this {@code Year} with the specified number of years added.
718      * <p>
719      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
720      *
721      * @param yearsToAdd  the years to add, may be negative
722      * @return a {@code Year} based on this year with the years added, not null
723      * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported range
724      */
plusYears(long yearsToAdd)725     public Year plusYears(long yearsToAdd) {
726         if (yearsToAdd == 0) {
727             return this;
728         }
729         return of(YEAR.checkValidIntValue(year + yearsToAdd));  // overflow safe
730     }
731 
732     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
733     /**
734      * Returns a copy of this year with the specified amount subtracted.
735      * <p>
736      * This returns a {@code Year}, based on this one, with the specified amount subtracted.
737      * The amount is typically {@link Period} but may be any other type implementing
738      * the {@link TemporalAmount} interface.
739      * <p>
740      * The calculation is delegated to the amount object by calling
741      * {@link TemporalAmount#subtractFrom(Temporal)}. The amount implementation is free
742      * to implement the subtraction in any way it wishes, however it typically
743      * calls back to {@link #minus(long, TemporalUnit)}. Consult the documentation
744      * of the amount implementation to determine if it can be successfully subtracted.
745      * <p>
746      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
747      *
748      * @param amountToSubtract  the amount to subtract, not null
749      * @return a {@code Year} based on this year with the subtraction made, not null
750      * @throws DateTimeException if the subtraction cannot be made
751      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
752      */
753     @Override
minus(TemporalAmount amountToSubtract)754     public Year minus(TemporalAmount amountToSubtract) {
755         return (Year) amountToSubtract.subtractFrom(this);
756     }
757 
758     /**
759      * Returns a copy of this year with the specified amount subtracted.
760      * <p>
761      * This returns a {@code Year}, based on this one, with the amount
762      * in terms of the unit subtracted. If it is not possible to subtract the amount,
763      * because the unit is not supported or for some other reason, an exception is thrown.
764      * <p>
765      * This method is equivalent to {@link #plus(long, TemporalUnit)} with the amount negated.
766      * See that method for a full description of how addition, and thus subtraction, works.
767      * <p>
768      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
769      *
770      * @param amountToSubtract  the amount of the unit to subtract from the result, may be negative
771      * @param unit  the unit of the amount to subtract, not null
772      * @return a {@code Year} based on this year with the specified amount subtracted, not null
773      * @throws DateTimeException if the subtraction cannot be made
774      * @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the unit is not supported
775      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
776      */
777     @Override
minus(long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit)778     public Year minus(long amountToSubtract, TemporalUnit unit) {
779         return (amountToSubtract == Long.MIN_VALUE ? plus(Long.MAX_VALUE, unit).plus(1, unit) : plus(-amountToSubtract, unit));
780     }
781 
782     /**
783      * Returns a copy of this {@code Year} with the specified number of years subtracted.
784      * <p>
785      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
786      *
787      * @param yearsToSubtract  the years to subtract, may be negative
788      * @return a {@code Year} based on this year with the year subtracted, not null
789      * @throws DateTimeException if the result exceeds the supported range
790      */
minusYears(long yearsToSubtract)791     public Year minusYears(long yearsToSubtract) {
792         return (yearsToSubtract == Long.MIN_VALUE ? plusYears(Long.MAX_VALUE).plusYears(1) : plusYears(-yearsToSubtract));
793     }
794 
795     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
796     /**
797      * Queries this year using the specified query.
798      * <p>
799      * This queries this year using the specified query strategy object.
800      * The {@code TemporalQuery} object defines the logic to be used to
801      * obtain the result. Read the documentation of the query to understand
802      * what the result of this method will be.
803      * <p>
804      * The result of this method is obtained by invoking the
805      * {@link TemporalQuery#queryFrom(TemporalAccessor)} method on the
806      * specified query passing {@code this} as the argument.
807      *
808      * @param <R> the type of the result
809      * @param query  the query to invoke, not null
810      * @return the query result, null may be returned (defined by the query)
811      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to query (defined by the query)
812      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs (defined by the query)
813      */
814     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
815     @Override
query(TemporalQuery<R> query)816     public <R> R query(TemporalQuery<R> query) {
817         if (query == TemporalQueries.chronology()) {
818             return (R) IsoChronology.INSTANCE;
819         } else if (query == TemporalQueries.precision()) {
820             return (R) YEARS;
821         }
822         return Temporal.super.query(query);
823     }
824 
825     /**
826      * Adjusts the specified temporal object to have this year.
827      * <p>
828      * This returns a temporal object of the same observable type as the input
829      * with the year changed to be the same as this.
830      * <p>
831      * The adjustment is equivalent to using {@link Temporal#with(TemporalField, long)}
832      * passing {@link ChronoField#YEAR} as the field.
833      * If the specified temporal object does not use the ISO calendar system then
834      * a {@code DateTimeException} is thrown.
835      * <p>
836      * In most cases, it is clearer to reverse the calling pattern by using
837      * {@link Temporal#with(TemporalAdjuster)}:
838      * <pre>
839      *   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
840      *   temporal = thisYear.adjustInto(temporal);
841      *   temporal = temporal.with(thisYear);
842      * </pre>
843      * <p>
844      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
845      *
846      * @param temporal  the target object to be adjusted, not null
847      * @return the adjusted object, not null
848      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to make the adjustment
849      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
850      */
851     @Override
adjustInto(Temporal temporal)852     public Temporal adjustInto(Temporal temporal) {
853         if (Chronology.from(temporal).equals(IsoChronology.INSTANCE) == false) {
854             throw new DateTimeException("Adjustment only supported on ISO date-time");
855         }
856         return temporal.with(YEAR, year);
857     }
858 
859     /**
860      * Calculates the amount of time until another year in terms of the specified unit.
861      * <p>
862      * This calculates the amount of time between two {@code Year}
863      * objects in terms of a single {@code TemporalUnit}.
864      * The start and end points are {@code this} and the specified year.
865      * The result will be negative if the end is before the start.
866      * The {@code Temporal} passed to this method is converted to a
867      * {@code Year} using {@link #from(TemporalAccessor)}.
868      * For example, the amount in decades between two year can be calculated
869      * using {@code startYear.until(endYear, DECADES)}.
870      * <p>
871      * The calculation returns a whole number, representing the number of
872      * complete units between the two years.
873      * For example, the amount in decades between 2012 and 2031
874      * will only be one decade as it is one year short of two decades.
875      * <p>
876      * There are two equivalent ways of using this method.
877      * The first is to invoke this method.
878      * The second is to use {@link TemporalUnit#between(Temporal, Temporal)}:
879      * <pre>
880      *   // these two lines are equivalent
881      *   amount = start.until(end, YEARS);
882      *   amount = YEARS.between(start, end);
883      * </pre>
884      * The choice should be made based on which makes the code more readable.
885      * <p>
886      * The calculation is implemented in this method for {@link ChronoUnit}.
887      * The units {@code YEARS}, {@code DECADES}, {@code CENTURIES},
888      * {@code MILLENNIA} and {@code ERAS} are supported.
889      * Other {@code ChronoUnit} values will throw an exception.
890      * <p>
891      * If the unit is not a {@code ChronoUnit}, then the result of this method
892      * is obtained by invoking {@code TemporalUnit.between(Temporal, Temporal)}
893      * passing {@code this} as the first argument and the converted input temporal
894      * as the second argument.
895      * <p>
896      * This instance is immutable and unaffected by this method call.
897      *
898      * @param endExclusive  the end date, exclusive, which is converted to a {@code Year}, not null
899      * @param unit  the unit to measure the amount in, not null
900      * @return the amount of time between this year and the end year
901      * @throws DateTimeException if the amount cannot be calculated, or the end
902      *  temporal cannot be converted to a {@code Year}
903      * @throws UnsupportedTemporalTypeException if the unit is not supported
904      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
905      */
906     @Override
until(Temporal endExclusive, TemporalUnit unit)907     public long until(Temporal endExclusive, TemporalUnit unit) {
908         Year end = Year.from(endExclusive);
909         if (unit instanceof ChronoUnit chronoUnit) {
910             long yearsUntil = ((long) end.year) - year;  // no overflow
911             switch (chronoUnit) {
912                 case YEARS: return yearsUntil;
913                 case DECADES: return yearsUntil / 10;
914                 case CENTURIES: return yearsUntil / 100;
915                 case MILLENNIA: return yearsUntil / 1000;
916                 case ERAS: return end.getLong(ERA) - getLong(ERA);
917             }
918             throw new UnsupportedTemporalTypeException("Unsupported unit: " + unit);
919         }
920         return unit.between(this, end);
921     }
922 
923     /**
924      * Formats this year using the specified formatter.
925      * <p>
926      * This year will be passed to the formatter to produce a string.
927      *
928      * @param formatter  the formatter to use, not null
929      * @return the formatted year string, not null
930      * @throws DateTimeException if an error occurs during printing
931      */
format(DateTimeFormatter formatter)932     public String format(DateTimeFormatter formatter) {
933         Objects.requireNonNull(formatter, "formatter");
934         return formatter.format(this);
935     }
936 
937     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
938     /**
939      * Combines this year with a day-of-year to create a {@code LocalDate}.
940      * <p>
941      * This returns a {@code LocalDate} formed from this year and the specified day-of-year.
942      * <p>
943      * The day-of-year value 366 is only valid in a leap year.
944      *
945      * @param dayOfYear  the day-of-year to use, from 1 to 365-366
946      * @return the local date formed from this year and the specified date of year, not null
947      * @throws DateTimeException if the day of year is zero or less, 366 or greater or equal
948      *  to 366 and this is not a leap year
949      */
atDay(int dayOfYear)950     public LocalDate atDay(int dayOfYear) {
951         return LocalDate.ofYearDay(year, dayOfYear);
952     }
953 
954     /**
955      * Combines this year with a month to create a {@code YearMonth}.
956      * <p>
957      * This returns a {@code YearMonth} formed from this year and the specified month.
958      * All possible combinations of year and month are valid.
959      * <p>
960      * This method can be used as part of a chain to produce a date:
961      * <pre>
962      *  LocalDate date = year.atMonth(month).atDay(day);
963      * </pre>
964      *
965      * @param month  the month-of-year to use, not null
966      * @return the year-month formed from this year and the specified month, not null
967      */
atMonth(Month month)968     public YearMonth atMonth(Month month) {
969         return YearMonth.of(year, month);
970     }
971 
972     /**
973      * Combines this year with a month to create a {@code YearMonth}.
974      * <p>
975      * This returns a {@code YearMonth} formed from this year and the specified month.
976      * All possible combinations of year and month are valid.
977      * <p>
978      * This method can be used as part of a chain to produce a date:
979      * <pre>
980      *  LocalDate date = year.atMonth(month).atDay(day);
981      * </pre>
982      *
983      * @param month  the month-of-year to use, from 1 (January) to 12 (December)
984      * @return the year-month formed from this year and the specified month, not null
985      * @throws DateTimeException if the month is invalid
986      */
atMonth(int month)987     public YearMonth atMonth(int month) {
988         return YearMonth.of(year, month);
989     }
990 
991     /**
992      * Combines this year with a month-day to create a {@code LocalDate}.
993      * <p>
994      * This returns a {@code LocalDate} formed from this year and the specified month-day.
995      * <p>
996      * A month-day of February 29th will be adjusted to February 28th in the resulting
997      * date if the year is not a leap year.
998      *
999      * @param monthDay  the month-day to use, not null
1000      * @return the local date formed from this year and the specified month-day, not null
1001      */
atMonthDay(MonthDay monthDay)1002     public LocalDate atMonthDay(MonthDay monthDay) {
1003         return monthDay.atYear(year);
1004     }
1005 
1006     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
1007     /**
1008      * Compares this year to another year.
1009      * <p>
1010      * The comparison is based on the value of the year.
1011      * It is "consistent with equals", as defined by {@link Comparable}.
1012      *
1013      * @param other  the other year to compare to, not null
1014      * @return the comparator value, negative if less, positive if greater
1015      */
1016     @Override
compareTo(Year other)1017     public int compareTo(Year other) {
1018         return year - other.year;
1019     }
1020 
1021     /**
1022      * Checks if this year is after the specified year.
1023      *
1024      * @param other  the other year to compare to, not null
1025      * @return true if this is after the specified year
1026      */
isAfter(Year other)1027     public boolean isAfter(Year other) {
1028         return year > other.year;
1029     }
1030 
1031     /**
1032      * Checks if this year is before the specified year.
1033      *
1034      * @param other  the other year to compare to, not null
1035      * @return true if this point is before the specified year
1036      */
isBefore(Year other)1037     public boolean isBefore(Year other) {
1038         return year < other.year;
1039     }
1040 
1041     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
1042     /**
1043      * Checks if this year is equal to another year.
1044      * <p>
1045      * The comparison is based on the time-line position of the years.
1046      *
1047      * @param obj  the object to check, null returns false
1048      * @return true if this is equal to the other year
1049      */
1050     @Override
equals(Object obj)1051     public boolean equals(Object obj) {
1052         if (this == obj) {
1053             return true;
1054         }
1055         if (obj instanceof Year) {
1056             return year == ((Year) obj).year;
1057         }
1058         return false;
1059     }
1060 
1061     /**
1062      * A hash code for this year.
1063      *
1064      * @return a suitable hash code
1065      */
1066     @Override
hashCode()1067     public int hashCode() {
1068         return year;
1069     }
1070 
1071     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
1072     /**
1073      * Outputs this year as a {@code String}.
1074      *
1075      * @return a string representation of this year, not null
1076      */
1077     @Override
toString()1078     public String toString() {
1079         return Integer.toString(year);
1080     }
1081 
1082     //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
1083     /**
1084      * Writes the object using a
1085      * <a href="{@docRoot}/serialized-form.html#java.time.Ser">dedicated serialized form</a>.
1086      * @serialData
1087      * <pre>
1088      *  out.writeByte(11);  // identifies a Year
1089      *  out.writeInt(year);
1090      * </pre>
1091      *
1092      * @return the instance of {@code Ser}, not null
1093      */
1094     @java.io.Serial
writeReplace()1095     private Object writeReplace() {
1096         return new Ser(Ser.YEAR_TYPE, this);
1097     }
1098 
1099     /**
1100      * Defend against malicious streams.
1101      *
1102      * @param s the stream to read
1103      * @throws InvalidObjectException always
1104      */
1105     @java.io.Serial
readObject(ObjectInputStream s)1106     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s) throws InvalidObjectException {
1107         throw new InvalidObjectException("Deserialization via serialization delegate");
1108     }
1109 
writeExternal(DataOutput out)1110     void writeExternal(DataOutput out) throws IOException {
1111         out.writeInt(year);
1112     }
1113 
readExternal(DataInput in)1114     static Year readExternal(DataInput in) throws IOException {
1115         return Year.of(in.readInt());
1116     }
1117 
1118 }
1119