1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #ifndef ART_RUNTIME_GC_COLLECTOR_MARK_SWEEP_H_
18 #define ART_RUNTIME_GC_COLLECTOR_MARK_SWEEP_H_
19 
20 #include <memory>
21 
22 #include "atomic.h"
23 #include "barrier.h"
24 #include "base/macros.h"
25 #include "base/mutex.h"
26 #include "garbage_collector.h"
27 #include "gc_root.h"
28 #include "gc/accounting/heap_bitmap.h"
29 #include "immune_region.h"
30 #include "object_callbacks.h"
31 #include "offsets.h"
32 
33 namespace art {
34 
35 namespace mirror {
36   class Class;
37   class Object;
38   class Reference;
39 }  // namespace mirror
40 
41 class Thread;
42 enum VisitRootFlags : uint8_t;
43 
44 namespace gc {
45 
46 class Heap;
47 
48 namespace accounting {
49   template<typename T> class AtomicStack;
50   typedef AtomicStack<mirror::Object*> ObjectStack;
51 }  // namespace accounting
52 
53 namespace collector {
54 
55 class MarkSweep : public GarbageCollector {
56  public:
57   explicit MarkSweep(Heap* heap, bool is_concurrent, const std::string& name_prefix = "");
58 
~MarkSweep()59   ~MarkSweep() {}
60 
61   virtual void RunPhases() OVERRIDE NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
62   void InitializePhase();
63   void MarkingPhase() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
64   void PausePhase() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
65   void ReclaimPhase() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
66   void FinishPhase() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
67   virtual void MarkReachableObjects()
68       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
69       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
70 
IsConcurrent()71   bool IsConcurrent() const {
72     return is_concurrent_;
73   }
74 
GetGcType()75   virtual GcType GetGcType() const OVERRIDE {
76     return kGcTypeFull;
77   }
78 
GetCollectorType()79   virtual CollectorType GetCollectorType() const OVERRIDE {
80     return is_concurrent_ ? kCollectorTypeCMS : kCollectorTypeMS;
81   }
82 
83   // Initializes internal structures.
84   void Init();
85 
86   // Find the default mark bitmap.
87   void FindDefaultSpaceBitmap();
88 
89   // Marks all objects in the root set at the start of a garbage collection.
90   void MarkRoots(Thread* self)
91       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
92       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
93 
94   void MarkNonThreadRoots()
95       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
96       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
97 
98   void MarkConcurrentRoots(VisitRootFlags flags)
99       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
100       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
101 
102   void MarkRootsCheckpoint(Thread* self, bool revoke_ros_alloc_thread_local_buffers_at_checkpoint)
103       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
104       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
105 
106   // Builds a mark stack and recursively mark until it empties.
107   void RecursiveMark()
108       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
109       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
110 
111   // Bind the live bits to the mark bits of bitmaps for spaces that are never collected, ie
112   // the image. Mark that portion of the heap as immune.
113   virtual void BindBitmaps() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
114 
115   // Builds a mark stack with objects on dirty cards and recursively mark until it empties.
116   void RecursiveMarkDirtyObjects(bool paused, byte minimum_age)
117       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
118       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
119 
120   // Remarks the root set after completing the concurrent mark.
121   void ReMarkRoots()
122       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
123       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
124 
125   void ProcessReferences(Thread* self)
126       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
127 
128   // Update and mark references from immune spaces.
129   void UpdateAndMarkModUnion()
130       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
131 
132   // Pre clean cards to reduce how much work is needed in the pause.
133   void PreCleanCards()
134       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
135       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
136 
137   // Sweeps unmarked objects to complete the garbage collection. Virtual as by default it sweeps
138   // all allocation spaces. Partial and sticky GCs want to just sweep a subset of the heap.
139   virtual void Sweep(bool swap_bitmaps) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
140 
141   // Sweeps unmarked objects to complete the garbage collection.
142   void SweepLargeObjects(bool swap_bitmaps) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
143 
144   // Sweep only pointers within an array. WARNING: Trashes objects.
145   void SweepArray(accounting::ObjectStack* allocation_stack_, bool swap_bitmaps)
146       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
147       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
148 
149   // Blackens an object.
150   void ScanObject(mirror::Object* obj)
151       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
152       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
153 
154   // No thread safety analysis due to lambdas.
155   template<typename MarkVisitor, typename ReferenceVisitor>
156   void ScanObjectVisit(mirror::Object* obj, const MarkVisitor& visitor,
157                        const ReferenceVisitor& ref_visitor)
158     SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
159     EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
160 
161   void SweepSystemWeaks(Thread* self)
162       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_) LOCKS_EXCLUDED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
163 
164   static mirror::Object* VerifySystemWeakIsLiveCallback(mirror::Object* obj, void* arg)
165       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
166 
167   void VerifySystemWeaks()
168       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_, Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
169 
170   // Verify that an object is live, either in a live bitmap or in the allocation stack.
171   void VerifyIsLive(const mirror::Object* obj)
172       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
173 
174   static mirror::Object* MarkObjectCallback(mirror::Object* obj, void* arg)
175       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
176       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
177 
178   static void MarkHeapReferenceCallback(mirror::HeapReference<mirror::Object>* ref, void* arg)
179       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
180       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
181 
182   static bool HeapReferenceMarkedCallback(mirror::HeapReference<mirror::Object>* ref, void* arg)
183       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
184       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
185 
186   static void MarkRootCallback(mirror::Object** root, void* arg, const RootInfo& root_info)
187       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
188       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
189 
190   static void VerifyRootMarked(mirror::Object** root, void* arg, const RootInfo& root_info)
191       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
192       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
193 
194   static void ProcessMarkStackCallback(void* arg)
195       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
196       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
197 
198   static void MarkRootParallelCallback(mirror::Object** root, void* arg, const RootInfo& root_info)
199       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
200 
201   // Marks an object.
202   void MarkObject(mirror::Object* obj)
203       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
204       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
205 
GetBarrier()206   Barrier& GetBarrier() {
207     return *gc_barrier_;
208   }
209 
210   // Schedules an unmarked object for reference processing.
211   void DelayReferenceReferent(mirror::Class* klass, mirror::Reference* reference)
212       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_, Locks::mutator_lock_);
213 
214  protected:
215   // Returns true if the object has its bit set in the mark bitmap.
216   bool IsMarked(const mirror::Object* object) const
217       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
218 
219   static mirror::Object* IsMarkedCallback(mirror::Object* object, void* arg)
220       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
221 
222   static void VerifyImageRootVisitor(mirror::Object* root, void* arg)
223       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_, Locks::mutator_lock_);
224 
225   void MarkObjectNonNull(mirror::Object* obj)
226         SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_)
227         EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_);
228 
229   // Marks an object atomically, safe to use from multiple threads.
230   void MarkObjectNonNullParallel(mirror::Object* obj);
231 
232   // Returns true if we need to add obj to a mark stack.
233   bool MarkObjectParallel(const mirror::Object* obj) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
234 
235   // Verify the roots of the heap and print out information related to any invalid roots.
236   // Called in MarkObject, so may we may not hold the mutator lock.
237   void VerifyRoots()
238       NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
239 
240   // Expand mark stack to 2x its current size.
241   void ExpandMarkStack() EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(mark_stack_lock_);
242   void ResizeMarkStack(size_t new_size) EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(mark_stack_lock_);
243 
244   // Returns how many threads we should use for the current GC phase based on if we are paused,
245   // whether or not we care about pauses.
246   size_t GetThreadCount(bool paused) const;
247 
248   static void VerifyRootCallback(mirror::Object** root, void* arg, const RootInfo& root_info);
249 
250   void VerifyRoot(const mirror::Object* root, const RootInfo& root_info) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
251 
252   // Push a single reference on a mark stack.
253   void PushOnMarkStack(mirror::Object* obj);
254 
255   // Blackens objects grayed during a garbage collection.
256   void ScanGrayObjects(bool paused, byte minimum_age)
257       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
258       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
259 
260   // Recursively blackens objects on the mark stack.
261   void ProcessMarkStack(bool paused)
262       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
263       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
264 
265   void ProcessMarkStackParallel(size_t thread_count)
266       EXCLUSIVE_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::heap_bitmap_lock_)
267       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
268 
269   // Used to Get around thread safety annotations. The call is from MarkingPhase and is guarded by
270   // IsExclusiveHeld.
271   void RevokeAllThreadLocalAllocationStacks(Thread* self) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
272 
273   // Revoke all the thread-local buffers.
274   void RevokeAllThreadLocalBuffers();
275 
276   // Whether or not we count how many of each type of object were scanned.
277   static const bool kCountScannedTypes = false;
278 
279   // Current space, we check this space first to avoid searching for the appropriate space for an
280   // object.
281   accounting::ContinuousSpaceBitmap* current_space_bitmap_;
282   // Cache the heap's mark bitmap to prevent having to do 2 loads during slow path marking.
283   accounting::HeapBitmap* mark_bitmap_;
284 
285   accounting::ObjectStack* mark_stack_;
286 
287   // Immune region, every object inside the immune range is assumed to be marked.
288   ImmuneRegion immune_region_;
289 
290   // Parallel finger.
291   AtomicInteger atomic_finger_;
292   // Number of classes scanned, if kCountScannedTypes.
293   AtomicInteger class_count_;
294   // Number of arrays scanned, if kCountScannedTypes.
295   AtomicInteger array_count_;
296   // Number of non-class/arrays scanned, if kCountScannedTypes.
297   AtomicInteger other_count_;
298   AtomicInteger large_object_test_;
299   AtomicInteger large_object_mark_;
300   AtomicInteger overhead_time_;
301   AtomicInteger work_chunks_created_;
302   AtomicInteger work_chunks_deleted_;
303   AtomicInteger reference_count_;
304   AtomicInteger mark_null_count_;
305   AtomicInteger mark_immune_count_;
306   AtomicInteger mark_fastpath_count_;
307   AtomicInteger mark_slowpath_count_;
308 
309   std::unique_ptr<Barrier> gc_barrier_;
310   Mutex mark_stack_lock_ ACQUIRED_AFTER(Locks::classlinker_classes_lock_);
311 
312   const bool is_concurrent_;
313 
314   // Verification.
315   size_t live_stack_freeze_size_;
316 
317   std::unique_ptr<MemMap> sweep_array_free_buffer_mem_map_;
318 
319  private:
320   friend class AddIfReachesAllocSpaceVisitor;  // Used by mod-union table.
321   friend class CardScanTask;
322   friend class CheckBitmapVisitor;
323   friend class CheckReferenceVisitor;
324   friend class art::gc::Heap;
325   friend class MarkObjectVisitor;
326   friend class ModUnionCheckReferences;
327   friend class ModUnionClearCardVisitor;
328   friend class ModUnionReferenceVisitor;
329   friend class ModUnionVisitor;
330   friend class ModUnionTableBitmap;
331   friend class ModUnionTableReferenceCache;
332   friend class ModUnionScanImageRootVisitor;
333   template<bool kUseFinger> friend class MarkStackTask;
334   friend class FifoMarkStackChunk;
335   friend class MarkSweepMarkObjectSlowPath;
336 
337   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(MarkSweep);
338 };
339 
340 }  // namespace collector
341 }  // namespace gc
342 }  // namespace art
343 
344 #endif  // ART_RUNTIME_GC_COLLECTOR_MARK_SWEEP_H_
345