1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
3  * All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
12  *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
13  *    distribution.
14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
16  * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
17  * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
18  * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
19  * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
21  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
22  * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
23  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
24  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
25  * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #include <pthread.h>
30 
31 #include "private/bionic_atomic_inline.h"
32 #include "private/bionic_futex.h"
33 
34 #define ONCE_INITIALIZING           (1 << 0)
35 #define ONCE_COMPLETED              (1 << 1)
36 
37 /* NOTE: this implementation doesn't support a init function that throws a C++ exception
38  *       or calls fork()
39  */
pthread_once(pthread_once_t * once_control,void (* init_routine)(void))40 int pthread_once(pthread_once_t* once_control, void (*init_routine)(void)) {
41   volatile pthread_once_t* once_control_ptr = once_control;
42 
43   // PTHREAD_ONCE_INIT is 0, we use the following bit flags
44   //   bit 0 set  -> initialization is under way
45   //   bit 1 set  -> initialization is complete
46 
47   // First check if the once is already initialized. This will be the common
48   // case and we want to make this as fast as possible. Note that this still
49   // requires a load_acquire operation here to ensure that all the
50   // stores performed by the initialization function are observable on
51   // this CPU after we exit.
52   if (__predict_true((*once_control_ptr & ONCE_COMPLETED) != 0)) {
53     ANDROID_MEMBAR_FULL();
54     return 0;
55   }
56 
57   while (true) {
58     // Try to atomically set the INITIALIZING flag.
59     // This requires a cmpxchg loop, and we may need
60     // to exit prematurely if we detect that
61     // COMPLETED is now set.
62     int32_t  old_value, new_value;
63 
64     do {
65       old_value = *once_control_ptr;
66       if ((old_value & ONCE_COMPLETED) != 0) {
67         break;
68       }
69 
70       new_value = old_value | ONCE_INITIALIZING;
71     } while (__bionic_cmpxchg(old_value, new_value, once_control_ptr) != 0);
72 
73     if ((old_value & ONCE_COMPLETED) != 0) {
74       // We detected that COMPLETED was set while in our loop.
75       ANDROID_MEMBAR_FULL();
76       return 0;
77     }
78 
79     if ((old_value & ONCE_INITIALIZING) == 0) {
80       // We got there first, we can jump out of the loop to handle the initialization.
81       break;
82     }
83 
84     // Another thread is running the initialization and hasn't completed
85     // yet, so wait for it, then try again.
86     __futex_wait_ex(once_control_ptr, 0, old_value, NULL);
87   }
88 
89   // Call the initialization function.
90   (*init_routine)();
91 
92   // Do a store_release indicating that initialization is complete.
93   ANDROID_MEMBAR_FULL();
94   *once_control_ptr = ONCE_COMPLETED;
95 
96   // Wake up any waiters, if any.
97   __futex_wake_ex(once_control_ptr, 0, INT_MAX);
98 
99   return 0;
100 }
101