1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #ifndef ART_COMPILER_IMAGE_WRITER_H_
18 #define ART_COMPILER_IMAGE_WRITER_H_
19 
20 #include <stdint.h>
21 
22 #include <cstddef>
23 #include <memory>
24 #include <set>
25 #include <string>
26 
27 #include "base/macros.h"
28 #include "driver/compiler_driver.h"
29 #include "gc/space/space.h"
30 #include "mem_map.h"
31 #include "oat_file.h"
32 #include "mirror/dex_cache.h"
33 #include "os.h"
34 #include "safe_map.h"
35 #include "gc/space/space.h"
36 #include "utils.h"
37 
38 namespace art {
39 
40 // Write a Space built during compilation for use during execution.
41 class ImageWriter FINAL {
42  public:
ImageWriter(const CompilerDriver & compiler_driver)43   explicit ImageWriter(const CompilerDriver& compiler_driver)
44       : compiler_driver_(compiler_driver), oat_file_(NULL), image_end_(0),
45         image_objects_offset_begin_(0), image_begin_(NULL),
46         oat_data_begin_(NULL), interpreter_to_interpreter_bridge_offset_(0),
47         interpreter_to_compiled_code_bridge_offset_(0), portable_imt_conflict_trampoline_offset_(0),
48         portable_resolution_trampoline_offset_(0), quick_generic_jni_trampoline_offset_(0),
49         quick_imt_conflict_trampoline_offset_(0), quick_resolution_trampoline_offset_(0),
50         compile_pic_(false), target_ptr_size_(0), bin_slot_sizes_(), bin_slot_count_() {}
51 
~ImageWriter()52   ~ImageWriter() {}
53 
54   bool Write(const std::string& image_filename,
55              uintptr_t image_begin,
56              const std::string& oat_filename,
57              const std::string& oat_location,
58              bool compile_pic)
59       LOCKS_EXCLUDED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
60 
GetOatDataBegin()61   uintptr_t GetOatDataBegin() {
62     return reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(oat_data_begin_);
63   }
64 
65  private:
66   bool AllocMemory();
67 
68   // Mark the objects defined in this space in the given live bitmap.
69   void RecordImageAllocations() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
70 
71   // Classify different kinds of bins that objects end up getting packed into during image writing.
72   enum Bin {
73     // Likely-clean:
74     kBinString,                        // [String] Almost always immutable (except for obj header).
75     kBinArtMethodsManagedInitialized,  // [ArtMethod] Not-native, and initialized. Unlikely to dirty
76     // Unknown mix of clean/dirty:
77     kBinRegular,
78     // Likely-dirty:
79     // All classes get their own bins since their fields often dirty
80     kBinClassInitializedFinalStatics,  // Class initializers have been run, no non-final statics
81     kBinClassInitialized,         // Class initializers have been run
82     kBinClassVerified,            // Class verified, but initializers haven't been run
83     kBinArtMethodNative,          // Art method that is actually native
84     kBinArtMethodNotInitialized,  // Art method with a declaring class that wasn't initialized
85     // Don't care about other art methods since they don't dirty
86     // Add more bins here if we add more segregation code.
87     kBinSize,
88   };
89 
90   static constexpr size_t kBinBits = MinimumBitsToStore(kBinSize - 1);
91   // uint32 = typeof(lockword_)
92   static constexpr size_t kBinShift = BitSizeOf<uint32_t>() - kBinBits;
93   // 111000.....0
94   static constexpr size_t kBinMask = ((static_cast<size_t>(1) << kBinBits) - 1) << kBinShift;
95 
96   // We use the lock word to store the bin # and bin index of the object in the image.
97   //
98   // The struct size must be exactly sizeof(LockWord), currently 32-bits, since this will end up
99   // stored in the lock word bit-for-bit when object forwarding addresses are being calculated.
100   struct BinSlot {
101     explicit BinSlot(uint32_t lockword);
102     BinSlot(Bin bin, uint32_t index);
103 
104     // The bin an object belongs to, i.e. regular, class/verified, class/initialized, etc.
105     Bin GetBin() const;
106     // The offset in bytes from the beginning of the bin. Aligned to object size.
107     uint32_t GetIndex() const;
108     // Pack into a single uint32_t, for storing into a lock word.
uint32_tBinSlot109     explicit operator uint32_t() const { return lockword_; }
110     // Comparison operator for map support
111     bool operator<(const BinSlot& other) const  { return lockword_ < other.lockword_; }
112 
113   private:
114     // Must be the same size as LockWord, any larger and we would truncate the data.
115     const uint32_t lockword_;
116   };
117 
118   // We use the lock word to store the offset of the object in the image.
119   void AssignImageOffset(mirror::Object* object, BinSlot bin_slot)
120       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
121   void SetImageOffset(mirror::Object* object, BinSlot bin_slot, size_t offset)
122       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
123   bool IsImageOffsetAssigned(mirror::Object* object) const
124       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
125   size_t GetImageOffset(mirror::Object* object) const SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
126 
127   void AssignImageBinSlot(mirror::Object* object) SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
128   void SetImageBinSlot(mirror::Object* object, BinSlot bin_slot)
129       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
130   bool IsImageBinSlotAssigned(mirror::Object* object) const
131       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
132   BinSlot GetImageBinSlot(mirror::Object* object) const SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
133 
GetImageAddressCallback(void * writer,mirror::Object * obj)134   static void* GetImageAddressCallback(void* writer, mirror::Object* obj)
135       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
136     return reinterpret_cast<ImageWriter*>(writer)->GetImageAddress(obj);
137   }
138 
GetImageAddress(mirror::Object * object)139   mirror::Object* GetImageAddress(mirror::Object* object) const
140       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
141     if (object == NULL) {
142       return NULL;
143     }
144     return reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(image_begin_ + GetImageOffset(object));
145   }
146 
GetLocalAddress(mirror::Object * object)147   mirror::Object* GetLocalAddress(mirror::Object* object) const
148       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_) {
149     size_t offset = GetImageOffset(object);
150     byte* dst = image_->Begin() + offset;
151     return reinterpret_cast<mirror::Object*>(dst);
152   }
153 
GetOatAddress(uint32_t offset)154   const byte* GetOatAddress(uint32_t offset) const {
155 #if !defined(ART_USE_PORTABLE_COMPILER)
156     // With Quick, code is within the OatFile, as there are all in one
157     // .o ELF object. However with Portable, the code is always in
158     // different .o ELF objects.
159     DCHECK_LT(offset, oat_file_->Size());
160 #endif
161     if (offset == 0u) {
162       return nullptr;
163     }
164     return oat_data_begin_ + offset;
165   }
166 
167   // Returns true if the class was in the original requested image classes list.
168   bool IsImageClass(mirror::Class* klass) SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
169 
170   // Debug aid that list of requested image classes.
171   void DumpImageClasses();
172 
173   // Preinitializes some otherwise lazy fields (such as Class name) to avoid runtime image dirtying.
174   void ComputeLazyFieldsForImageClasses()
175       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
176   static bool ComputeLazyFieldsForClassesVisitor(mirror::Class* klass, void* arg)
177       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
178 
179   // Wire dex cache resolved strings to strings in the image to avoid runtime resolution.
180   void ComputeEagerResolvedStrings() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
181   static void ComputeEagerResolvedStringsCallback(mirror::Object* obj, void* arg)
182       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
183 
184   // Combine string char arrays.
185   void ProcessStrings() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
186 
187   // Remove unwanted classes from various roots.
188   void PruneNonImageClasses() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
189   static bool NonImageClassesVisitor(mirror::Class* c, void* arg)
190       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
191 
192   // Verify unwanted classes removed.
193   void CheckNonImageClassesRemoved() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
194   static void CheckNonImageClassesRemovedCallback(mirror::Object* obj, void* arg)
195       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
196 
197   // Lays out where the image objects will be at runtime.
198   void CalculateNewObjectOffsets(size_t oat_loaded_size, size_t oat_data_offset)
199       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
200   mirror::ObjectArray<mirror::Object>* CreateImageRoots() const
201       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
202   void CalculateObjectBinSlots(mirror::Object* obj)
203       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
204   void UnbinObjectsIntoOffset(mirror::Object* obj)
205       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
206 
207   void WalkInstanceFields(mirror::Object* obj, mirror::Class* klass)
208       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
209   void WalkFieldsInOrder(mirror::Object* obj)
210       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
211   static void WalkFieldsCallback(mirror::Object* obj, void* arg)
212       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
213   static void UnbinObjectsIntoOffsetCallback(mirror::Object* obj, void* arg)
214       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
215 
216   // Creates the contiguous image in memory and adjusts pointers.
217   void CopyAndFixupObjects() SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
218   static void CopyAndFixupObjectsCallback(mirror::Object* obj, void* arg)
219       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
220   void FixupMethod(mirror::ArtMethod* orig, mirror::ArtMethod* copy)
221       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
222   void FixupObject(mirror::Object* orig, mirror::Object* copy)
223       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
224 
225   // Get quick code for non-resolution/imt_conflict/abstract method.
226   const byte* GetQuickCode(mirror::ArtMethod* method, bool* quick_is_interpreted)
227       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
228 
229   const byte* GetQuickEntryPoint(mirror::ArtMethod* method)
230       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
231 
232   // Patches references in OatFile to expect runtime addresses.
233   void PatchOatCodeAndMethods(File* elf_file)
234       SHARED_LOCKS_REQUIRED(Locks::mutator_lock_);
235 
236   // Calculate the sum total of the bin slot sizes in [0, up_to). Defaults to all bins.
237   size_t GetBinSizeSum(Bin up_to = kBinSize) const;
238 
239   const CompilerDriver& compiler_driver_;
240 
241   // oat file with code for this image
242   OatFile* oat_file_;
243 
244   // Memory mapped for generating the image.
245   std::unique_ptr<MemMap> image_;
246 
247   // Offset to the free space in image_.
248   size_t image_end_;
249 
250   // Offset from image_begin_ to where the first object is in image_.
251   size_t image_objects_offset_begin_;
252 
253   // Beginning target image address for the output image.
254   byte* image_begin_;
255 
256   // Saved hashes (objects are inside of the image so that they don't move).
257   std::vector<std::pair<mirror::Object*, uint32_t>> saved_hashes_;
258 
259   // Saved hashes (objects are bin slots to inside of the image, not yet allocated an address).
260   std::map<BinSlot, uint32_t> saved_hashes_map_;
261 
262   // Beginning target oat address for the pointers from the output image to its oat file.
263   const byte* oat_data_begin_;
264 
265   // Image bitmap which lets us know where the objects inside of the image reside.
266   std::unique_ptr<gc::accounting::ContinuousSpaceBitmap> image_bitmap_;
267 
268   // Offset from oat_data_begin_ to the stubs.
269   uint32_t interpreter_to_interpreter_bridge_offset_;
270   uint32_t interpreter_to_compiled_code_bridge_offset_;
271   uint32_t jni_dlsym_lookup_offset_;
272   uint32_t portable_imt_conflict_trampoline_offset_;
273   uint32_t portable_resolution_trampoline_offset_;
274   uint32_t portable_to_interpreter_bridge_offset_;
275   uint32_t quick_generic_jni_trampoline_offset_;
276   uint32_t quick_imt_conflict_trampoline_offset_;
277   uint32_t quick_resolution_trampoline_offset_;
278   uint32_t quick_to_interpreter_bridge_offset_;
279   bool compile_pic_;
280 
281   // Size of pointers on the target architecture.
282   size_t target_ptr_size_;
283 
284   // Bin slot tracking for dirty object packing
285   size_t bin_slot_sizes_[kBinSize];  // Number of bytes in a bin
286   size_t bin_slot_count_[kBinSize];  // Number of objects in a bin
287 
288   friend class FixupVisitor;
289   friend class FixupClassVisitor;
290   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ImageWriter);
291 };
292 
293 }  // namespace art
294 
295 #endif  // ART_COMPILER_IMAGE_WRITER_H_
296