1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #include "card_table.h"
18 
19 #include "base/logging.h"
20 #include "card_table-inl.h"
21 #include "gc/heap.h"
22 #include "gc/space/space.h"
23 #include "heap_bitmap.h"
24 #include "mem_map.h"
25 #include "runtime.h"
26 #include "utils.h"
27 
28 namespace art {
29 namespace gc {
30 namespace accounting {
31 
32 constexpr size_t CardTable::kCardShift;
33 constexpr size_t CardTable::kCardSize;
34 constexpr uint8_t CardTable::kCardClean;
35 constexpr uint8_t CardTable::kCardDirty;
36 
37 /*
38  * Maintain a card table from the write barrier. All writes of
39  * non-null values to heap addresses should go through an entry in
40  * WriteBarrier, and from there to here.
41  *
42  * The heap is divided into "cards" of GC_CARD_SIZE bytes, as
43  * determined by GC_CARD_SHIFT. The card table contains one byte of
44  * data per card, to be used by the GC. The value of the byte will be
45  * one of GC_CARD_CLEAN or GC_CARD_DIRTY.
46  *
47  * After any store of a non-null object pointer into a heap object,
48  * code is obliged to mark the card dirty. The setters in
49  * object.h [such as SetFieldObject] do this for you. The
50  * compiler also contains code to mark cards as dirty.
51  *
52  * The card table's base [the "biased card table"] gets set to a
53  * rather strange value.  In order to keep the JIT from having to
54  * fabricate or load GC_DIRTY_CARD to store into the card table,
55  * biased base is within the mmap allocation at a point where its low
56  * byte is equal to GC_DIRTY_CARD. See CardTable::Create for details.
57  */
58 
Create(const uint8_t * heap_begin,size_t heap_capacity)59 CardTable* CardTable::Create(const uint8_t* heap_begin, size_t heap_capacity) {
60   /* Set up the card table */
61   size_t capacity = heap_capacity / kCardSize;
62   /* Allocate an extra 256 bytes to allow fixed low-byte of base */
63   std::string error_msg;
64   std::unique_ptr<MemMap> mem_map(
65       MemMap::MapAnonymous("card table", nullptr, capacity + 256, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
66                            false, false, &error_msg));
67   CHECK(mem_map.get() != nullptr) << "couldn't allocate card table: " << error_msg;
68   // All zeros is the correct initial value; all clean. Anonymous mmaps are initialized to zero, we
69   // don't clear the card table to avoid unnecessary pages being allocated
70   static_assert(kCardClean == 0, "kCardClean must be 0");
71 
72   uint8_t* cardtable_begin = mem_map->Begin();
73   CHECK(cardtable_begin != nullptr);
74 
75   // We allocated up to a bytes worth of extra space to allow biased_begin's byte value to equal
76   // kCardDirty, compute a offset value to make this the case
77   size_t offset = 0;
78   uint8_t* biased_begin = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(cardtable_begin) -
79       (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(heap_begin) >> kCardShift));
80   uintptr_t biased_byte = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(biased_begin) & 0xff;
81   if (biased_byte != kCardDirty) {
82     int delta = kCardDirty - biased_byte;
83     offset = delta + (delta < 0 ? 0x100 : 0);
84     biased_begin += offset;
85   }
86   CHECK_EQ(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(biased_begin) & 0xff, kCardDirty);
87   return new CardTable(mem_map.release(), biased_begin, offset);
88 }
89 
CardTable(MemMap * mem_map,uint8_t * biased_begin,size_t offset)90 CardTable::CardTable(MemMap* mem_map, uint8_t* biased_begin, size_t offset)
91     : mem_map_(mem_map), biased_begin_(biased_begin), offset_(offset) {
92 }
93 
~CardTable()94 CardTable::~CardTable() {
95   // Destroys MemMap via std::unique_ptr<>.
96 }
97 
ClearSpaceCards(space::ContinuousSpace * space)98 void CardTable::ClearSpaceCards(space::ContinuousSpace* space) {
99   // TODO: clear just the range of the table that has been modified
100   uint8_t* card_start = CardFromAddr(space->Begin());
101   uint8_t* card_end = CardFromAddr(space->End());  // Make sure to round up.
102   memset(reinterpret_cast<void*>(card_start), kCardClean, card_end - card_start);
103 }
104 
ClearCardTable()105 void CardTable::ClearCardTable() {
106   static_assert(kCardClean == 0, "kCardClean must be 0");
107   mem_map_->MadviseDontNeedAndZero();
108 }
109 
ClearCardRange(uint8_t * start,uint8_t * end)110 void CardTable::ClearCardRange(uint8_t* start, uint8_t* end) {
111   if (!kMadviseZeroes) {
112     memset(start, 0, end - start);
113     return;
114   }
115   CHECK_ALIGNED(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(start), kCardSize);
116   CHECK_ALIGNED(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(end), kCardSize);
117   static_assert(kCardClean == 0, "kCardClean must be 0");
118   uint8_t* start_card = CardFromAddr(start);
119   uint8_t* end_card = CardFromAddr(end);
120   uint8_t* round_start = AlignUp(start_card, kPageSize);
121   uint8_t* round_end = AlignDown(end_card, kPageSize);
122   if (round_start < round_end) {
123     madvise(round_start, round_end - round_start, MADV_DONTNEED);
124   }
125   // Handle unaligned regions at start / end.
126   memset(start_card, 0, std::min(round_start, end_card) - start_card);
127   memset(std::max(round_end, start_card), 0, end_card - std::max(round_end, start_card));
128 }
129 
AddrIsInCardTable(const void * addr) const130 bool CardTable::AddrIsInCardTable(const void* addr) const {
131   return IsValidCard(biased_begin_ + ((uintptr_t)addr >> kCardShift));
132 }
133 
CheckAddrIsInCardTable(const uint8_t * addr) const134 void CardTable::CheckAddrIsInCardTable(const uint8_t* addr) const {
135   uint8_t* card_addr = biased_begin_ + ((uintptr_t)addr >> kCardShift);
136   uint8_t* begin = mem_map_->Begin() + offset_;
137   uint8_t* end = mem_map_->End();
138   CHECK(AddrIsInCardTable(addr))
139       << "Card table " << this
140       << " begin: " << reinterpret_cast<void*>(begin)
141       << " end: " << reinterpret_cast<void*>(end)
142       << " card_addr: " << reinterpret_cast<void*>(card_addr)
143       << " heap begin: " << AddrFromCard(begin)
144       << " heap end: " << AddrFromCard(end)
145       << " addr: " << reinterpret_cast<const void*>(addr);
146 }
147 
VerifyCardTable()148 void CardTable::VerifyCardTable() {
149   UNIMPLEMENTED(WARNING) << "Card table verification";
150 }
151 
152 }  // namespace accounting
153 }  // namespace gc
154 }  // namespace art
155