1 // Copyright 2011 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
2 //
3 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
4 // that can be found in the COPYING file in the root of the source
5 // tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
6 // in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may
7 // be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
8 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
9 //
10 // Spatial prediction using various filters
11 //
12 // Author: Urvang (urvang@google.com)
13 
14 #include "./filters.h"
15 #include <assert.h>
16 #include <stdlib.h>
17 #include <string.h>
18 
19 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20 // Helpful macro.
21 
22 # define SANITY_CHECK(in, out)                                                 \
23   assert(in != NULL);                                                          \
24   assert(out != NULL);                                                         \
25   assert(width > 0);                                                           \
26   assert(height > 0);                                                          \
27   assert(stride >= width);                                                     \
28   assert(row >= 0 && num_rows > 0 && row + num_rows <= height);                \
29   (void)height;  // Silence unused warning.
30 
PredictLine(const uint8_t * src,const uint8_t * pred,uint8_t * dst,int length,int inverse)31 static WEBP_INLINE void PredictLine(const uint8_t* src, const uint8_t* pred,
32                                     uint8_t* dst, int length, int inverse) {
33   int i;
34   if (inverse) {
35     for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) dst[i] = src[i] + pred[i];
36   } else {
37     for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) dst[i] = src[i] - pred[i];
38   }
39 }
40 
41 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
42 // Horizontal filter.
43 
DoHorizontalFilter(const uint8_t * in,int width,int height,int stride,int row,int num_rows,int inverse,uint8_t * out)44 static WEBP_INLINE void DoHorizontalFilter(const uint8_t* in,
45                                            int width, int height, int stride,
46                                            int row, int num_rows,
47                                            int inverse, uint8_t* out) {
48   const uint8_t* preds;
49   const size_t start_offset = row * stride;
50   const int last_row = row + num_rows;
51   SANITY_CHECK(in, out);
52   in += start_offset;
53   out += start_offset;
54   preds = inverse ? out : in;
55 
56   if (row == 0) {
57     // Leftmost pixel is the same as input for topmost scanline.
58     out[0] = in[0];
59     PredictLine(in + 1, preds, out + 1, width - 1, inverse);
60     row = 1;
61     preds += stride;
62     in += stride;
63     out += stride;
64   }
65 
66   // Filter line-by-line.
67   while (row < last_row) {
68     // Leftmost pixel is predicted from above.
69     PredictLine(in, preds - stride, out, 1, inverse);
70     PredictLine(in + 1, preds, out + 1, width - 1, inverse);
71     ++row;
72     preds += stride;
73     in += stride;
74     out += stride;
75   }
76 }
77 
HorizontalFilter(const uint8_t * data,int width,int height,int stride,uint8_t * filtered_data)78 static void HorizontalFilter(const uint8_t* data, int width, int height,
79                              int stride, uint8_t* filtered_data) {
80   DoHorizontalFilter(data, width, height, stride, 0, height, 0, filtered_data);
81 }
82 
HorizontalUnfilter(int width,int height,int stride,int row,int num_rows,uint8_t * data)83 static void HorizontalUnfilter(int width, int height, int stride, int row,
84                                int num_rows, uint8_t* data) {
85   DoHorizontalFilter(data, width, height, stride, row, num_rows, 1, data);
86 }
87 
88 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
89 // Vertical filter.
90 
DoVerticalFilter(const uint8_t * in,int width,int height,int stride,int row,int num_rows,int inverse,uint8_t * out)91 static WEBP_INLINE void DoVerticalFilter(const uint8_t* in,
92                                          int width, int height, int stride,
93                                          int row, int num_rows,
94                                          int inverse, uint8_t* out) {
95   const uint8_t* preds;
96   const size_t start_offset = row * stride;
97   const int last_row = row + num_rows;
98   SANITY_CHECK(in, out);
99   in += start_offset;
100   out += start_offset;
101   preds = inverse ? out : in;
102 
103   if (row == 0) {
104     // Very first top-left pixel is copied.
105     out[0] = in[0];
106     // Rest of top scan-line is left-predicted.
107     PredictLine(in + 1, preds, out + 1, width - 1, inverse);
108     row = 1;
109     in += stride;
110     out += stride;
111   } else {
112     // We are starting from in-between. Make sure 'preds' points to prev row.
113     preds -= stride;
114   }
115 
116   // Filter line-by-line.
117   while (row < last_row) {
118     PredictLine(in, preds, out, width, inverse);
119     ++row;
120     preds += stride;
121     in += stride;
122     out += stride;
123   }
124 }
125 
VerticalFilter(const uint8_t * data,int width,int height,int stride,uint8_t * filtered_data)126 static void VerticalFilter(const uint8_t* data, int width, int height,
127                            int stride, uint8_t* filtered_data) {
128   DoVerticalFilter(data, width, height, stride, 0, height, 0, filtered_data);
129 }
130 
VerticalUnfilter(int width,int height,int stride,int row,int num_rows,uint8_t * data)131 static void VerticalUnfilter(int width, int height, int stride, int row,
132                              int num_rows, uint8_t* data) {
133   DoVerticalFilter(data, width, height, stride, row, num_rows, 1, data);
134 }
135 
136 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
137 // Gradient filter.
138 
GradientPredictor(uint8_t a,uint8_t b,uint8_t c)139 static WEBP_INLINE int GradientPredictor(uint8_t a, uint8_t b, uint8_t c) {
140   const int g = a + b - c;
141   return ((g & ~0xff) == 0) ? g : (g < 0) ? 0 : 255;  // clip to 8bit
142 }
143 
DoGradientFilter(const uint8_t * in,int width,int height,int stride,int row,int num_rows,int inverse,uint8_t * out)144 static WEBP_INLINE void DoGradientFilter(const uint8_t* in,
145                                          int width, int height, int stride,
146                                          int row, int num_rows,
147                                          int inverse, uint8_t* out) {
148   const uint8_t* preds;
149   const size_t start_offset = row * stride;
150   const int last_row = row + num_rows;
151   SANITY_CHECK(in, out);
152   in += start_offset;
153   out += start_offset;
154   preds = inverse ? out : in;
155 
156   // left prediction for top scan-line
157   if (row == 0) {
158     out[0] = in[0];
159     PredictLine(in + 1, preds, out + 1, width - 1, inverse);
160     row = 1;
161     preds += stride;
162     in += stride;
163     out += stride;
164   }
165 
166   // Filter line-by-line.
167   while (row < last_row) {
168     int w;
169     // leftmost pixel: predict from above.
170     PredictLine(in, preds - stride, out, 1, inverse);
171     for (w = 1; w < width; ++w) {
172       const int pred = GradientPredictor(preds[w - 1],
173                                          preds[w - stride],
174                                          preds[w - stride - 1]);
175       out[w] = in[w] + (inverse ? pred : -pred);
176     }
177     ++row;
178     preds += stride;
179     in += stride;
180     out += stride;
181   }
182 }
183 
GradientFilter(const uint8_t * data,int width,int height,int stride,uint8_t * filtered_data)184 static void GradientFilter(const uint8_t* data, int width, int height,
185                            int stride, uint8_t* filtered_data) {
186   DoGradientFilter(data, width, height, stride, 0, height, 0, filtered_data);
187 }
188 
GradientUnfilter(int width,int height,int stride,int row,int num_rows,uint8_t * data)189 static void GradientUnfilter(int width, int height, int stride, int row,
190                              int num_rows, uint8_t* data) {
191   DoGradientFilter(data, width, height, stride, row, num_rows, 1, data);
192 }
193 
194 #undef SANITY_CHECK
195 
196 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
197 // Quick estimate of a potentially interesting filter mode to try.
198 
199 #define SMAX 16
200 #define SDIFF(a, b) (abs((a) - (b)) >> 4)   // Scoring diff, in [0..SMAX)
201 
EstimateBestFilter(const uint8_t * data,int width,int height,int stride)202 WEBP_FILTER_TYPE EstimateBestFilter(const uint8_t* data,
203                                     int width, int height, int stride) {
204   int i, j;
205   int bins[WEBP_FILTER_LAST][SMAX];
206   memset(bins, 0, sizeof(bins));
207 
208   // We only sample every other pixels. That's enough.
209   for (j = 2; j < height - 1; j += 2) {
210     const uint8_t* const p = data + j * stride;
211     int mean = p[0];
212     for (i = 2; i < width - 1; i += 2) {
213       const int diff0 = SDIFF(p[i], mean);
214       const int diff1 = SDIFF(p[i], p[i - 1]);
215       const int diff2 = SDIFF(p[i], p[i - width]);
216       const int grad_pred =
217           GradientPredictor(p[i - 1], p[i - width], p[i - width - 1]);
218       const int diff3 = SDIFF(p[i], grad_pred);
219       bins[WEBP_FILTER_NONE][diff0] = 1;
220       bins[WEBP_FILTER_HORIZONTAL][diff1] = 1;
221       bins[WEBP_FILTER_VERTICAL][diff2] = 1;
222       bins[WEBP_FILTER_GRADIENT][diff3] = 1;
223       mean = (3 * mean + p[i] + 2) >> 2;
224     }
225   }
226   {
227     int filter;
228     WEBP_FILTER_TYPE best_filter = WEBP_FILTER_NONE;
229     int best_score = 0x7fffffff;
230     for (filter = WEBP_FILTER_NONE; filter < WEBP_FILTER_LAST; ++filter) {
231       int score = 0;
232       for (i = 0; i < SMAX; ++i) {
233         if (bins[filter][i] > 0) {
234           score += i;
235         }
236       }
237       if (score < best_score) {
238         best_score = score;
239         best_filter = (WEBP_FILTER_TYPE)filter;
240       }
241     }
242     return best_filter;
243   }
244 }
245 
246 #undef SMAX
247 #undef SDIFF
248 
249 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
250 
251 const WebPFilterFunc WebPFilters[WEBP_FILTER_LAST] = {
252   NULL,              // WEBP_FILTER_NONE
253   HorizontalFilter,  // WEBP_FILTER_HORIZONTAL
254   VerticalFilter,    // WEBP_FILTER_VERTICAL
255   GradientFilter     // WEBP_FILTER_GRADIENT
256 };
257 
258 const WebPUnfilterFunc WebPUnfilters[WEBP_FILTER_LAST] = {
259   NULL,                // WEBP_FILTER_NONE
260   HorizontalUnfilter,  // WEBP_FILTER_HORIZONTAL
261   VerticalUnfilter,    // WEBP_FILTER_VERTICAL
262   GradientUnfilter     // WEBP_FILTER_GRADIENT
263 };
264 
265 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
266 
267