1 // Copyright (C) 2009-2012, International Business Machines
2 // Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved.
3 //
4 // Copyright 2007 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
5 // Author: sanjay@google.com (Sanjay Ghemawat)
6 //
7 // Abstract interface that consumes a sequence of bytes (ByteSink).
8 //
9 // Used so that we can write a single piece of code that can operate
10 // on a variety of output string types.
11 //
12 // Various implementations of this interface are provided:
13 //   ByteSink:
14 //      CheckedArrayByteSink    Write to a flat array, with bounds checking
15 //      StringByteSink          Write to an STL string
16 
17 // This code is a contribution of Google code, and the style used here is
18 // a compromise between the original Google code and the ICU coding guidelines.
19 // For example, data types are ICU-ified (size_t,int->int32_t),
20 // and API comments doxygen-ified, but function names and behavior are
21 // as in the original, if possible.
22 // Assertion-style error handling, not available in ICU, was changed to
23 // parameter "pinning" similar to UnicodeString.
24 //
25 // In addition, this is only a partial port of the original Google code,
26 // limited to what was needed so far. The (nearly) complete original code
27 // is in the ICU svn repository at icuhtml/trunk/design/strings/contrib
28 // (see ICU ticket 6765, r25517).
29 
30 #ifndef __BYTESTREAM_H__
31 #define __BYTESTREAM_H__
32 
33 /**
34  * \file
35  * \brief C++ API: Interface for writing bytes, and implementation classes.
36  */
37 
38 #include "unicode/utypes.h"
39 #include "unicode/uobject.h"
40 #include "unicode/std_string.h"
41 
42 U_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
43 
44 /**
45  * A ByteSink can be filled with bytes.
46  * @stable ICU 4.2
47  */
48 class U_COMMON_API ByteSink : public UMemory {
49 public:
50   /**
51    * Default constructor.
52    * @stable ICU 4.2
53    */
ByteSink()54   ByteSink() { }
55   /**
56    * Virtual destructor.
57    * @stable ICU 4.2
58    */
59   virtual ~ByteSink();
60 
61   /**
62    * Append "bytes[0,n-1]" to this.
63    * @param bytes the pointer to the bytes
64    * @param n the number of bytes; must be non-negative
65    * @stable ICU 4.2
66    */
67   virtual void Append(const char* bytes, int32_t n) = 0;
68 
69   /**
70    * Returns a writable buffer for appending and writes the buffer's capacity to
71    * *result_capacity. Guarantees *result_capacity>=min_capacity.
72    * May return a pointer to the caller-owned scratch buffer which must have
73    * scratch_capacity>=min_capacity.
74    * The returned buffer is only valid until the next operation
75    * on this ByteSink.
76    *
77    * After writing at most *result_capacity bytes, call Append() with the
78    * pointer returned from this function and the number of bytes written.
79    * Many Append() implementations will avoid copying bytes if this function
80    * returned an internal buffer.
81    *
82    * Partial usage example:
83    *  int32_t capacity;
84    *  char* buffer = sink->GetAppendBuffer(..., &capacity);
85    *  ... Write n bytes into buffer, with n <= capacity.
86    *  sink->Append(buffer, n);
87    * In many implementations, that call to Append will avoid copying bytes.
88    *
89    * If the ByteSink allocates or reallocates an internal buffer, it should use
90    * the desired_capacity_hint if appropriate.
91    * If a caller cannot provide a reasonable guess at the desired capacity,
92    * it should pass desired_capacity_hint=0.
93    *
94    * If a non-scratch buffer is returned, the caller may only pass
95    * a prefix to it to Append().
96    * That is, it is not correct to pass an interior pointer to Append().
97    *
98    * The default implementation always returns the scratch buffer.
99    *
100    * @param min_capacity required minimum capacity of the returned buffer;
101    *                     must be non-negative
102    * @param desired_capacity_hint desired capacity of the returned buffer;
103    *                              must be non-negative
104    * @param scratch default caller-owned buffer
105    * @param scratch_capacity capacity of the scratch buffer
106    * @param result_capacity pointer to an integer which will be set to the
107    *                        capacity of the returned buffer
108    * @return a buffer with *result_capacity>=min_capacity
109    * @stable ICU 4.2
110    */
111   virtual char* GetAppendBuffer(int32_t min_capacity,
112                                 int32_t desired_capacity_hint,
113                                 char* scratch, int32_t scratch_capacity,
114                                 int32_t* result_capacity);
115 
116   /**
117    * Flush internal buffers.
118    * Some byte sinks use internal buffers or provide buffering
119    * and require calling Flush() at the end of the stream.
120    * The ByteSink should be ready for further Append() calls after Flush().
121    * The default implementation of Flush() does nothing.
122    * @stable ICU 4.2
123    */
124   virtual void Flush();
125 
126 private:
127   ByteSink(const ByteSink &); // copy constructor not implemented
128   ByteSink &operator=(const ByteSink &); // assignment operator not implemented
129 };
130 
131 // -------------------------------------------------------------
132 // Some standard implementations
133 
134 /**
135  * Implementation of ByteSink that writes to a flat byte array,
136  * with bounds-checking:
137  * This sink will not write more than capacity bytes to outbuf.
138  * If more than capacity bytes are Append()ed, then excess bytes are ignored,
139  * and Overflowed() will return true.
140  * Overflow does not cause a runtime error.
141  * @stable ICU 4.2
142  */
143 class U_COMMON_API CheckedArrayByteSink : public ByteSink {
144 public:
145   /**
146    * Constructs a ByteSink that will write to outbuf[0..capacity-1].
147    * @param outbuf buffer to write to
148    * @param capacity size of the buffer
149    * @stable ICU 4.2
150    */
151   CheckedArrayByteSink(char* outbuf, int32_t capacity);
152   /**
153    * Destructor.
154    * @stable ICU 4.2
155    */
156   virtual ~CheckedArrayByteSink();
157   /**
158    * Returns the sink to its original state, without modifying the buffer.
159    * Useful for reusing both the buffer and the sink for multiple streams.
160    * Resets the state to NumberOfBytesWritten()=NumberOfBytesAppended()=0
161    * and Overflowed()=FALSE.
162    * @return *this
163    * @stable ICU 4.6
164    */
165   virtual CheckedArrayByteSink& Reset();
166   /**
167    * Append "bytes[0,n-1]" to this.
168    * @param bytes the pointer to the bytes
169    * @param n the number of bytes; must be non-negative
170    * @stable ICU 4.2
171    */
172   virtual void Append(const char* bytes, int32_t n);
173   /**
174    * Returns a writable buffer for appending and writes the buffer's capacity to
175    * *result_capacity. For details see the base class documentation.
176    * @param min_capacity required minimum capacity of the returned buffer;
177    *                     must be non-negative
178    * @param desired_capacity_hint desired capacity of the returned buffer;
179    *                              must be non-negative
180    * @param scratch default caller-owned buffer
181    * @param scratch_capacity capacity of the scratch buffer
182    * @param result_capacity pointer to an integer which will be set to the
183    *                        capacity of the returned buffer
184    * @return a buffer with *result_capacity>=min_capacity
185    * @stable ICU 4.2
186    */
187   virtual char* GetAppendBuffer(int32_t min_capacity,
188                                 int32_t desired_capacity_hint,
189                                 char* scratch, int32_t scratch_capacity,
190                                 int32_t* result_capacity);
191   /**
192    * Returns the number of bytes actually written to the sink.
193    * @return number of bytes written to the buffer
194    * @stable ICU 4.2
195    */
NumberOfBytesWritten()196   int32_t NumberOfBytesWritten() const { return size_; }
197   /**
198    * Returns true if any bytes were discarded, i.e., if there was an
199    * attempt to write more than 'capacity' bytes.
200    * @return TRUE if more than 'capacity' bytes were Append()ed
201    * @stable ICU 4.2
202    */
Overflowed()203   UBool Overflowed() const { return overflowed_; }
204   /**
205    * Returns the number of bytes appended to the sink.
206    * If Overflowed() then NumberOfBytesAppended()>NumberOfBytesWritten()
207    * else they return the same number.
208    * @return number of bytes written to the buffer
209    * @stable ICU 4.6
210    */
NumberOfBytesAppended()211   int32_t NumberOfBytesAppended() const { return appended_; }
212 private:
213   char* outbuf_;
214   const int32_t capacity_;
215   int32_t size_;
216   int32_t appended_;
217   UBool overflowed_;
218   CheckedArrayByteSink(); ///< default constructor not implemented
219   CheckedArrayByteSink(const CheckedArrayByteSink &); ///< copy constructor not implemented
220   CheckedArrayByteSink &operator=(const CheckedArrayByteSink &); ///< assignment operator not implemented
221 };
222 
223 #if U_HAVE_STD_STRING
224 
225 /**
226  * Implementation of ByteSink that writes to a "string".
227  * The StringClass is usually instantiated with a std::string.
228  * @stable ICU 4.2
229  */
230 template<typename StringClass>
231 class StringByteSink : public ByteSink {
232  public:
233   /**
234    * Constructs a ByteSink that will append bytes to the dest string.
235    * @param dest pointer to string object to append to
236    * @stable ICU 4.2
237    */
StringByteSink(StringClass * dest)238   StringByteSink(StringClass* dest) : dest_(dest) { }
239   /**
240    * Append "bytes[0,n-1]" to this.
241    * @param data the pointer to the bytes
242    * @param n the number of bytes; must be non-negative
243    * @stable ICU 4.2
244    */
Append(const char * data,int32_t n)245   virtual void Append(const char* data, int32_t n) { dest_->append(data, n); }
246  private:
247   StringClass* dest_;
248   StringByteSink(); ///< default constructor not implemented
249   StringByteSink(const StringByteSink &); ///< copy constructor not implemented
250   StringByteSink &operator=(const StringByteSink &); ///< assignment operator not implemented
251 };
252 
253 #endif
254 
255 U_NAMESPACE_END
256 
257 #endif  // __BYTESTREAM_H__
258