1 //===- ExtractFunction.cpp - Extract a function from Program --------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file implements several methods that are used to extract functions,
11 // loops, or portions of a module from the rest of the module.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "BugDriver.h"
16 #include "llvm/IR/Constants.h"
17 #include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
18 #include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
19 #include "llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h"
20 #include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
21 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
22 #include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
23 #include "llvm/Pass.h"
24 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
25 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
26 #include "llvm/Support/FileUtilities.h"
27 #include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
28 #include "llvm/Support/Signals.h"
29 #include "llvm/Support/ToolOutputFile.h"
30 #include "llvm/Transforms/IPO.h"
31 #include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
32 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/Cloning.h"
33 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/CodeExtractor.h"
34 #include <set>
35 using namespace llvm;
36 
37 #define DEBUG_TYPE "bugpoint"
38 
39 namespace llvm {
40   bool DisableSimplifyCFG = false;
41   extern cl::opt<std::string> OutputPrefix;
42 } // End llvm namespace
43 
44 namespace {
45   cl::opt<bool>
46   NoDCE ("disable-dce",
47          cl::desc("Do not use the -dce pass to reduce testcases"));
48   cl::opt<bool, true>
49   NoSCFG("disable-simplifycfg", cl::location(DisableSimplifyCFG),
50          cl::desc("Do not use the -simplifycfg pass to reduce testcases"));
51 
globalInitUsesExternalBA(GlobalVariable * GV)52   Function* globalInitUsesExternalBA(GlobalVariable* GV) {
53     if (!GV->hasInitializer())
54       return nullptr;
55 
56     Constant *I = GV->getInitializer();
57 
58     // walk the values used by the initializer
59     // (and recurse into things like ConstantExpr)
60     std::vector<Constant*> Todo;
61     std::set<Constant*> Done;
62     Todo.push_back(I);
63 
64     while (!Todo.empty()) {
65       Constant* V = Todo.back();
66       Todo.pop_back();
67       Done.insert(V);
68 
69       if (BlockAddress *BA = dyn_cast<BlockAddress>(V)) {
70         Function *F = BA->getFunction();
71         if (F->isDeclaration())
72           return F;
73       }
74 
75       for (User::op_iterator i = V->op_begin(), e = V->op_end(); i != e; ++i) {
76         Constant *C = dyn_cast<Constant>(*i);
77         if (C && !isa<GlobalValue>(C) && !Done.count(C))
78           Todo.push_back(C);
79       }
80     }
81     return nullptr;
82   }
83 }  // end anonymous namespace
84 
85 std::unique_ptr<Module>
deleteInstructionFromProgram(const Instruction * I,unsigned Simplification)86 BugDriver::deleteInstructionFromProgram(const Instruction *I,
87                                         unsigned Simplification) {
88   // FIXME, use vmap?
89   Module *Clone = CloneModule(Program);
90 
91   const BasicBlock *PBB = I->getParent();
92   const Function *PF = PBB->getParent();
93 
94   Module::iterator RFI = Clone->begin(); // Get iterator to corresponding fn
95   std::advance(RFI, std::distance(PF->getParent()->begin(),
96                                   Module::const_iterator(PF)));
97 
98   Function::iterator RBI = RFI->begin();  // Get iterator to corresponding BB
99   std::advance(RBI, std::distance(PF->begin(), Function::const_iterator(PBB)));
100 
101   BasicBlock::iterator RI = RBI->begin(); // Get iterator to corresponding inst
102   std::advance(RI, std::distance(PBB->begin(), BasicBlock::const_iterator(I)));
103   Instruction *TheInst = RI;              // Got the corresponding instruction!
104 
105   // If this instruction produces a value, replace any users with null values
106   if (!TheInst->getType()->isVoidTy())
107     TheInst->replaceAllUsesWith(Constant::getNullValue(TheInst->getType()));
108 
109   // Remove the instruction from the program.
110   TheInst->getParent()->getInstList().erase(TheInst);
111 
112   // Spiff up the output a little bit.
113   std::vector<std::string> Passes;
114 
115   /// Can we get rid of the -disable-* options?
116   if (Simplification > 1 && !NoDCE)
117     Passes.push_back("dce");
118   if (Simplification && !DisableSimplifyCFG)
119     Passes.push_back("simplifycfg");      // Delete dead control flow
120 
121   Passes.push_back("verify");
122   std::unique_ptr<Module> New = runPassesOn(Clone, Passes);
123   delete Clone;
124   if (!New) {
125     errs() << "Instruction removal failed.  Sorry. :(  Please report a bug!\n";
126     exit(1);
127   }
128   return New;
129 }
130 
131 std::unique_ptr<Module>
performFinalCleanups(Module * M,bool MayModifySemantics)132 BugDriver::performFinalCleanups(Module *M, bool MayModifySemantics) {
133   // Make all functions external, so GlobalDCE doesn't delete them...
134   for (Module::iterator I = M->begin(), E = M->end(); I != E; ++I)
135     I->setLinkage(GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage);
136 
137   std::vector<std::string> CleanupPasses;
138   CleanupPasses.push_back("globaldce");
139 
140   if (MayModifySemantics)
141     CleanupPasses.push_back("deadarghaX0r");
142   else
143     CleanupPasses.push_back("deadargelim");
144 
145   std::unique_ptr<Module> New = runPassesOn(M, CleanupPasses);
146   if (!New) {
147     errs() << "Final cleanups failed.  Sorry. :(  Please report a bug!\n";
148     return nullptr;
149   }
150   delete M;
151   return New;
152 }
153 
extractLoop(Module * M)154 std::unique_ptr<Module> BugDriver::extractLoop(Module *M) {
155   std::vector<std::string> LoopExtractPasses;
156   LoopExtractPasses.push_back("loop-extract-single");
157 
158   std::unique_ptr<Module> NewM = runPassesOn(M, LoopExtractPasses);
159   if (!NewM) {
160     outs() << "*** Loop extraction failed: ";
161     EmitProgressBitcode(M, "loopextraction", true);
162     outs() << "*** Sorry. :(  Please report a bug!\n";
163     return nullptr;
164   }
165 
166   // Check to see if we created any new functions.  If not, no loops were
167   // extracted and we should return null.  Limit the number of loops we extract
168   // to avoid taking forever.
169   static unsigned NumExtracted = 32;
170   if (M->size() == NewM->size() || --NumExtracted == 0) {
171     return nullptr;
172   } else {
173     assert(M->size() < NewM->size() && "Loop extract removed functions?");
174     Module::iterator MI = NewM->begin();
175     for (unsigned i = 0, e = M->size(); i != e; ++i)
176       ++MI;
177   }
178 
179   return NewM;
180 }
181 
182 
183 // DeleteFunctionBody - "Remove" the function by deleting all of its basic
184 // blocks, making it external.
185 //
DeleteFunctionBody(Function * F)186 void llvm::DeleteFunctionBody(Function *F) {
187   // delete the body of the function...
188   F->deleteBody();
189   assert(F->isDeclaration() && "This didn't make the function external!");
190 }
191 
192 /// GetTorInit - Given a list of entries for static ctors/dtors, return them
193 /// as a constant array.
GetTorInit(std::vector<std::pair<Function *,int>> & TorList)194 static Constant *GetTorInit(std::vector<std::pair<Function*, int> > &TorList) {
195   assert(!TorList.empty() && "Don't create empty tor list!");
196   std::vector<Constant*> ArrayElts;
197   Type *Int32Ty = Type::getInt32Ty(TorList[0].first->getContext());
198 
199   StructType *STy =
200       StructType::get(Int32Ty, TorList[0].first->getType(), nullptr);
201   for (unsigned i = 0, e = TorList.size(); i != e; ++i) {
202     Constant *Elts[] = {
203       ConstantInt::get(Int32Ty, TorList[i].second),
204       TorList[i].first
205     };
206     ArrayElts.push_back(ConstantStruct::get(STy, Elts));
207   }
208   return ConstantArray::get(ArrayType::get(ArrayElts[0]->getType(),
209                                            ArrayElts.size()),
210                             ArrayElts);
211 }
212 
213 /// SplitStaticCtorDtor - A module was recently split into two parts, M1/M2, and
214 /// M1 has all of the global variables.  If M2 contains any functions that are
215 /// static ctors/dtors, we need to add an llvm.global_[cd]tors global to M2, and
216 /// prune appropriate entries out of M1s list.
SplitStaticCtorDtor(const char * GlobalName,Module * M1,Module * M2,ValueToValueMapTy & VMap)217 static void SplitStaticCtorDtor(const char *GlobalName, Module *M1, Module *M2,
218                                 ValueToValueMapTy &VMap) {
219   GlobalVariable *GV = M1->getNamedGlobal(GlobalName);
220   if (!GV || GV->isDeclaration() || GV->hasLocalLinkage() ||
221       !GV->use_empty()) return;
222 
223   std::vector<std::pair<Function*, int> > M1Tors, M2Tors;
224   ConstantArray *InitList = dyn_cast<ConstantArray>(GV->getInitializer());
225   if (!InitList) return;
226 
227   for (unsigned i = 0, e = InitList->getNumOperands(); i != e; ++i) {
228     if (ConstantStruct *CS = dyn_cast<ConstantStruct>(InitList->getOperand(i))){
229       if (CS->getNumOperands() != 2) return;  // Not array of 2-element structs.
230 
231       if (CS->getOperand(1)->isNullValue())
232         break;  // Found a null terminator, stop here.
233 
234       ConstantInt *CI = dyn_cast<ConstantInt>(CS->getOperand(0));
235       int Priority = CI ? CI->getSExtValue() : 0;
236 
237       Constant *FP = CS->getOperand(1);
238       if (ConstantExpr *CE = dyn_cast<ConstantExpr>(FP))
239         if (CE->isCast())
240           FP = CE->getOperand(0);
241       if (Function *F = dyn_cast<Function>(FP)) {
242         if (!F->isDeclaration())
243           M1Tors.push_back(std::make_pair(F, Priority));
244         else {
245           // Map to M2's version of the function.
246           F = cast<Function>(VMap[F]);
247           M2Tors.push_back(std::make_pair(F, Priority));
248         }
249       }
250     }
251   }
252 
253   GV->eraseFromParent();
254   if (!M1Tors.empty()) {
255     Constant *M1Init = GetTorInit(M1Tors);
256     new GlobalVariable(*M1, M1Init->getType(), false,
257                        GlobalValue::AppendingLinkage,
258                        M1Init, GlobalName);
259   }
260 
261   GV = M2->getNamedGlobal(GlobalName);
262   assert(GV && "Not a clone of M1?");
263   assert(GV->use_empty() && "llvm.ctors shouldn't have uses!");
264 
265   GV->eraseFromParent();
266   if (!M2Tors.empty()) {
267     Constant *M2Init = GetTorInit(M2Tors);
268     new GlobalVariable(*M2, M2Init->getType(), false,
269                        GlobalValue::AppendingLinkage,
270                        M2Init, GlobalName);
271   }
272 }
273 
274 
275 /// SplitFunctionsOutOfModule - Given a module and a list of functions in the
276 /// module, split the functions OUT of the specified module, and place them in
277 /// the new module.
278 Module *
SplitFunctionsOutOfModule(Module * M,const std::vector<Function * > & F,ValueToValueMapTy & VMap)279 llvm::SplitFunctionsOutOfModule(Module *M,
280                                 const std::vector<Function*> &F,
281                                 ValueToValueMapTy &VMap) {
282   // Make sure functions & globals are all external so that linkage
283   // between the two modules will work.
284   for (Module::iterator I = M->begin(), E = M->end(); I != E; ++I)
285     I->setLinkage(GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage);
286   for (Module::global_iterator I = M->global_begin(), E = M->global_end();
287        I != E; ++I) {
288     if (I->hasName() && I->getName()[0] == '\01')
289       I->setName(I->getName().substr(1));
290     I->setLinkage(GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage);
291   }
292 
293   ValueToValueMapTy NewVMap;
294   Module *New = CloneModule(M, NewVMap);
295 
296   // Remove the Test functions from the Safe module
297   std::set<Function *> TestFunctions;
298   for (unsigned i = 0, e = F.size(); i != e; ++i) {
299     Function *TNOF = cast<Function>(VMap[F[i]]);
300     DEBUG(errs() << "Removing function ");
301     DEBUG(TNOF->printAsOperand(errs(), false));
302     DEBUG(errs() << "\n");
303     TestFunctions.insert(cast<Function>(NewVMap[TNOF]));
304     DeleteFunctionBody(TNOF);       // Function is now external in this module!
305   }
306 
307 
308   // Remove the Safe functions from the Test module
309   for (Module::iterator I = New->begin(), E = New->end(); I != E; ++I)
310     if (!TestFunctions.count(I))
311       DeleteFunctionBody(I);
312 
313 
314   // Try to split the global initializers evenly
315   for (Module::global_iterator I = M->global_begin(), E = M->global_end();
316        I != E; ++I) {
317     GlobalVariable *GV = cast<GlobalVariable>(NewVMap[I]);
318     if (Function *TestFn = globalInitUsesExternalBA(I)) {
319       if (Function *SafeFn = globalInitUsesExternalBA(GV)) {
320         errs() << "*** Error: when reducing functions, encountered "
321                   "the global '";
322         GV->printAsOperand(errs(), false);
323         errs() << "' with an initializer that references blockaddresses "
324                   "from safe function '" << SafeFn->getName()
325                << "' and from test function '" << TestFn->getName() << "'.\n";
326         exit(1);
327       }
328       I->setInitializer(nullptr);  // Delete the initializer to make it external
329     } else {
330       // If we keep it in the safe module, then delete it in the test module
331       GV->setInitializer(nullptr);
332     }
333   }
334 
335   // Make sure that there is a global ctor/dtor array in both halves of the
336   // module if they both have static ctor/dtor functions.
337   SplitStaticCtorDtor("llvm.global_ctors", M, New, NewVMap);
338   SplitStaticCtorDtor("llvm.global_dtors", M, New, NewVMap);
339 
340   return New;
341 }
342 
343 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
344 // Basic Block Extraction Code
345 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
346 
347 std::unique_ptr<Module>
extractMappedBlocksFromModule(const std::vector<BasicBlock * > & BBs,Module * M)348 BugDriver::extractMappedBlocksFromModule(const std::vector<BasicBlock *> &BBs,
349                                          Module *M) {
350   SmallString<128> Filename;
351   int FD;
352   std::error_code EC = sys::fs::createUniqueFile(
353       OutputPrefix + "-extractblocks%%%%%%%", FD, Filename);
354   if (EC) {
355     outs() << "*** Basic Block extraction failed!\n";
356     errs() << "Error creating temporary file: " << EC.message() << "\n";
357     EmitProgressBitcode(M, "basicblockextractfail", true);
358     return nullptr;
359   }
360   sys::RemoveFileOnSignal(Filename);
361 
362   tool_output_file BlocksToNotExtractFile(Filename.c_str(), FD);
363   for (std::vector<BasicBlock*>::const_iterator I = BBs.begin(), E = BBs.end();
364        I != E; ++I) {
365     BasicBlock *BB = *I;
366     // If the BB doesn't have a name, give it one so we have something to key
367     // off of.
368     if (!BB->hasName()) BB->setName("tmpbb");
369     BlocksToNotExtractFile.os() << BB->getParent()->getName() << " "
370                                 << BB->getName() << "\n";
371   }
372   BlocksToNotExtractFile.os().close();
373   if (BlocksToNotExtractFile.os().has_error()) {
374     errs() << "Error writing list of blocks to not extract\n";
375     EmitProgressBitcode(M, "basicblockextractfail", true);
376     BlocksToNotExtractFile.os().clear_error();
377     return nullptr;
378   }
379   BlocksToNotExtractFile.keep();
380 
381   std::string uniqueFN = "--extract-blocks-file=";
382   uniqueFN += Filename.str();
383   const char *ExtraArg = uniqueFN.c_str();
384 
385   std::vector<std::string> PI;
386   PI.push_back("extract-blocks");
387   std::unique_ptr<Module> Ret = runPassesOn(M, PI, false, 1, &ExtraArg);
388 
389   sys::fs::remove(Filename.c_str());
390 
391   if (!Ret) {
392     outs() << "*** Basic Block extraction failed, please report a bug!\n";
393     EmitProgressBitcode(M, "basicblockextractfail", true);
394   }
395   return Ret;
396 }
397