1 //===-- Passes.cpp - Target independent code generation passes ------------===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file defines interfaces to access the target independent code
11 // generation passes provided by the LLVM backend.
12 //
13 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #include "llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h"
16 #include "llvm/Analysis/Passes.h"
17 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunctionPass.h"
18 #include "llvm/CodeGen/RegAllocRegistry.h"
19 #include "llvm/IR/IRPrintingPasses.h"
20 #include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
21 #include "llvm/IR/Verifier.h"
22 #include "llvm/MC/MCAsmInfo.h"
23 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
24 #include "llvm/Support/Debug.h"
25 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
26 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
27 #include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
28 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/SymbolRewriter.h"
29 
30 using namespace llvm;
31 
32 static cl::opt<bool> DisablePostRA("disable-post-ra", cl::Hidden,
33     cl::desc("Disable Post Regalloc"));
34 static cl::opt<bool> DisableBranchFold("disable-branch-fold", cl::Hidden,
35     cl::desc("Disable branch folding"));
36 static cl::opt<bool> DisableTailDuplicate("disable-tail-duplicate", cl::Hidden,
37     cl::desc("Disable tail duplication"));
38 static cl::opt<bool> DisableEarlyTailDup("disable-early-taildup", cl::Hidden,
39     cl::desc("Disable pre-register allocation tail duplication"));
40 static cl::opt<bool> DisableBlockPlacement("disable-block-placement",
41     cl::Hidden, cl::desc("Disable probability-driven block placement"));
42 static cl::opt<bool> EnableBlockPlacementStats("enable-block-placement-stats",
43     cl::Hidden, cl::desc("Collect probability-driven block placement stats"));
44 static cl::opt<bool> DisableSSC("disable-ssc", cl::Hidden,
45     cl::desc("Disable Stack Slot Coloring"));
46 static cl::opt<bool> DisableMachineDCE("disable-machine-dce", cl::Hidden,
47     cl::desc("Disable Machine Dead Code Elimination"));
48 static cl::opt<bool> DisableEarlyIfConversion("disable-early-ifcvt", cl::Hidden,
49     cl::desc("Disable Early If-conversion"));
50 static cl::opt<bool> DisableMachineLICM("disable-machine-licm", cl::Hidden,
51     cl::desc("Disable Machine LICM"));
52 static cl::opt<bool> DisableMachineCSE("disable-machine-cse", cl::Hidden,
53     cl::desc("Disable Machine Common Subexpression Elimination"));
54 static cl::opt<cl::boolOrDefault>
55 OptimizeRegAlloc("optimize-regalloc", cl::Hidden,
56     cl::desc("Enable optimized register allocation compilation path."));
57 static cl::opt<bool> DisablePostRAMachineLICM("disable-postra-machine-licm",
58     cl::Hidden,
59     cl::desc("Disable Machine LICM"));
60 static cl::opt<bool> DisableMachineSink("disable-machine-sink", cl::Hidden,
61     cl::desc("Disable Machine Sinking"));
62 static cl::opt<bool> DisableLSR("disable-lsr", cl::Hidden,
63     cl::desc("Disable Loop Strength Reduction Pass"));
64 static cl::opt<bool> DisableConstantHoisting("disable-constant-hoisting",
65     cl::Hidden, cl::desc("Disable ConstantHoisting"));
66 static cl::opt<bool> DisableCGP("disable-cgp", cl::Hidden,
67     cl::desc("Disable Codegen Prepare"));
68 static cl::opt<bool> DisableCopyProp("disable-copyprop", cl::Hidden,
69     cl::desc("Disable Copy Propagation pass"));
70 static cl::opt<bool> DisablePartialLibcallInlining("disable-partial-libcall-inlining",
71     cl::Hidden, cl::desc("Disable Partial Libcall Inlining"));
72 static cl::opt<bool> PrintLSR("print-lsr-output", cl::Hidden,
73     cl::desc("Print LLVM IR produced by the loop-reduce pass"));
74 static cl::opt<bool> PrintISelInput("print-isel-input", cl::Hidden,
75     cl::desc("Print LLVM IR input to isel pass"));
76 static cl::opt<bool> PrintGCInfo("print-gc", cl::Hidden,
77     cl::desc("Dump garbage collector data"));
78 static cl::opt<bool> VerifyMachineCode("verify-machineinstrs", cl::Hidden,
79     cl::desc("Verify generated machine code"),
80     cl::init(false),
81     cl::ZeroOrMore);
82 
83 static cl::opt<std::string>
84 PrintMachineInstrs("print-machineinstrs", cl::ValueOptional,
85                    cl::desc("Print machine instrs"),
86                    cl::value_desc("pass-name"), cl::init("option-unspecified"));
87 
88 // Temporary option to allow experimenting with MachineScheduler as a post-RA
89 // scheduler. Targets can "properly" enable this with
90 // substitutePass(&PostRASchedulerID, &PostMachineSchedulerID); Ideally it
91 // wouldn't be part of the standard pass pipeline, and the target would just add
92 // a PostRA scheduling pass wherever it wants.
93 static cl::opt<bool> MISchedPostRA("misched-postra", cl::Hidden,
94   cl::desc("Run MachineScheduler post regalloc (independent of preRA sched)"));
95 
96 // Experimental option to run live interval analysis early.
97 static cl::opt<bool> EarlyLiveIntervals("early-live-intervals", cl::Hidden,
98     cl::desc("Run live interval analysis earlier in the pipeline"));
99 
100 static cl::opt<bool> UseCFLAA("use-cfl-aa-in-codegen",
101   cl::init(false), cl::Hidden,
102   cl::desc("Enable the new, experimental CFL alias analysis in CodeGen"));
103 
104 /// Allow standard passes to be disabled by command line options. This supports
105 /// simple binary flags that either suppress the pass or do nothing.
106 /// i.e. -disable-mypass=false has no effect.
107 /// These should be converted to boolOrDefault in order to use applyOverride.
applyDisable(IdentifyingPassPtr PassID,bool Override)108 static IdentifyingPassPtr applyDisable(IdentifyingPassPtr PassID,
109                                        bool Override) {
110   if (Override)
111     return IdentifyingPassPtr();
112   return PassID;
113 }
114 
115 /// Allow standard passes to be disabled by the command line, regardless of who
116 /// is adding the pass.
117 ///
118 /// StandardID is the pass identified in the standard pass pipeline and provided
119 /// to addPass(). It may be a target-specific ID in the case that the target
120 /// directly adds its own pass, but in that case we harmlessly fall through.
121 ///
122 /// TargetID is the pass that the target has configured to override StandardID.
123 ///
124 /// StandardID may be a pseudo ID. In that case TargetID is the name of the real
125 /// pass to run. This allows multiple options to control a single pass depending
126 /// on where in the pipeline that pass is added.
overridePass(AnalysisID StandardID,IdentifyingPassPtr TargetID)127 static IdentifyingPassPtr overridePass(AnalysisID StandardID,
128                                        IdentifyingPassPtr TargetID) {
129   if (StandardID == &PostRASchedulerID)
130     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisablePostRA);
131 
132   if (StandardID == &BranchFolderPassID)
133     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableBranchFold);
134 
135   if (StandardID == &TailDuplicateID)
136     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableTailDuplicate);
137 
138   if (StandardID == &TargetPassConfig::EarlyTailDuplicateID)
139     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableEarlyTailDup);
140 
141   if (StandardID == &MachineBlockPlacementID)
142     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableBlockPlacement);
143 
144   if (StandardID == &StackSlotColoringID)
145     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableSSC);
146 
147   if (StandardID == &DeadMachineInstructionElimID)
148     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableMachineDCE);
149 
150   if (StandardID == &EarlyIfConverterID)
151     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableEarlyIfConversion);
152 
153   if (StandardID == &MachineLICMID)
154     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableMachineLICM);
155 
156   if (StandardID == &MachineCSEID)
157     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableMachineCSE);
158 
159   if (StandardID == &TargetPassConfig::PostRAMachineLICMID)
160     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisablePostRAMachineLICM);
161 
162   if (StandardID == &MachineSinkingID)
163     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableMachineSink);
164 
165   if (StandardID == &MachineCopyPropagationID)
166     return applyDisable(TargetID, DisableCopyProp);
167 
168   return TargetID;
169 }
170 
171 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
172 /// TargetPassConfig
173 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
174 
175 INITIALIZE_PASS(TargetPassConfig, "targetpassconfig",
176                 "Target Pass Configuration", false, false)
177 char TargetPassConfig::ID = 0;
178 
179 // Pseudo Pass IDs.
180 char TargetPassConfig::EarlyTailDuplicateID = 0;
181 char TargetPassConfig::PostRAMachineLICMID = 0;
182 
183 namespace llvm {
184 class PassConfigImpl {
185 public:
186   // List of passes explicitly substituted by this target. Normally this is
187   // empty, but it is a convenient way to suppress or replace specific passes
188   // that are part of a standard pass pipeline without overridding the entire
189   // pipeline. This mechanism allows target options to inherit a standard pass's
190   // user interface. For example, a target may disable a standard pass by
191   // default by substituting a pass ID of zero, and the user may still enable
192   // that standard pass with an explicit command line option.
193   DenseMap<AnalysisID,IdentifyingPassPtr> TargetPasses;
194 
195   /// Store the pairs of <AnalysisID, AnalysisID> of which the second pass
196   /// is inserted after each instance of the first one.
197   SmallVector<std::pair<AnalysisID, IdentifyingPassPtr>, 4> InsertedPasses;
198 };
199 } // namespace llvm
200 
201 // Out of line virtual method.
~TargetPassConfig()202 TargetPassConfig::~TargetPassConfig() {
203   delete Impl;
204 }
205 
206 // Out of line constructor provides default values for pass options and
207 // registers all common codegen passes.
TargetPassConfig(TargetMachine * tm,PassManagerBase & pm)208 TargetPassConfig::TargetPassConfig(TargetMachine *tm, PassManagerBase &pm)
209   : ImmutablePass(ID), PM(&pm), StartAfter(nullptr), StopAfter(nullptr),
210     Started(true), Stopped(false), AddingMachinePasses(false), TM(tm),
211     Impl(nullptr), Initialized(false), DisableVerify(false),
212     EnableTailMerge(true) {
213 
214   Impl = new PassConfigImpl();
215 
216   // Register all target independent codegen passes to activate their PassIDs,
217   // including this pass itself.
218   initializeCodeGen(*PassRegistry::getPassRegistry());
219 
220   // Substitute Pseudo Pass IDs for real ones.
221   substitutePass(&EarlyTailDuplicateID, &TailDuplicateID);
222   substitutePass(&PostRAMachineLICMID, &MachineLICMID);
223 }
224 
225 /// Insert InsertedPassID pass after TargetPassID.
insertPass(AnalysisID TargetPassID,IdentifyingPassPtr InsertedPassID)226 void TargetPassConfig::insertPass(AnalysisID TargetPassID,
227                                   IdentifyingPassPtr InsertedPassID) {
228   assert(((!InsertedPassID.isInstance() &&
229            TargetPassID != InsertedPassID.getID()) ||
230           (InsertedPassID.isInstance() &&
231            TargetPassID != InsertedPassID.getInstance()->getPassID())) &&
232          "Insert a pass after itself!");
233   std::pair<AnalysisID, IdentifyingPassPtr> P(TargetPassID, InsertedPassID);
234   Impl->InsertedPasses.push_back(P);
235 }
236 
237 /// createPassConfig - Create a pass configuration object to be used by
238 /// addPassToEmitX methods for generating a pipeline of CodeGen passes.
239 ///
240 /// Targets may override this to extend TargetPassConfig.
createPassConfig(PassManagerBase & PM)241 TargetPassConfig *LLVMTargetMachine::createPassConfig(PassManagerBase &PM) {
242   return new TargetPassConfig(this, PM);
243 }
244 
TargetPassConfig()245 TargetPassConfig::TargetPassConfig()
246   : ImmutablePass(ID), PM(nullptr) {
247   llvm_unreachable("TargetPassConfig should not be constructed on-the-fly");
248 }
249 
250 // Helper to verify the analysis is really immutable.
setOpt(bool & Opt,bool Val)251 void TargetPassConfig::setOpt(bool &Opt, bool Val) {
252   assert(!Initialized && "PassConfig is immutable");
253   Opt = Val;
254 }
255 
substitutePass(AnalysisID StandardID,IdentifyingPassPtr TargetID)256 void TargetPassConfig::substitutePass(AnalysisID StandardID,
257                                       IdentifyingPassPtr TargetID) {
258   Impl->TargetPasses[StandardID] = TargetID;
259 }
260 
getPassSubstitution(AnalysisID ID) const261 IdentifyingPassPtr TargetPassConfig::getPassSubstitution(AnalysisID ID) const {
262   DenseMap<AnalysisID, IdentifyingPassPtr>::const_iterator
263     I = Impl->TargetPasses.find(ID);
264   if (I == Impl->TargetPasses.end())
265     return ID;
266   return I->second;
267 }
268 
269 /// Add a pass to the PassManager if that pass is supposed to be run.  If the
270 /// Started/Stopped flags indicate either that the compilation should start at
271 /// a later pass or that it should stop after an earlier pass, then do not add
272 /// the pass.  Finally, compare the current pass against the StartAfter
273 /// and StopAfter options and change the Started/Stopped flags accordingly.
addPass(Pass * P,bool verifyAfter,bool printAfter)274 void TargetPassConfig::addPass(Pass *P, bool verifyAfter, bool printAfter) {
275   assert(!Initialized && "PassConfig is immutable");
276 
277   // Cache the Pass ID here in case the pass manager finds this pass is
278   // redundant with ones already scheduled / available, and deletes it.
279   // Fundamentally, once we add the pass to the manager, we no longer own it
280   // and shouldn't reference it.
281   AnalysisID PassID = P->getPassID();
282 
283   if (Started && !Stopped) {
284     std::string Banner;
285     // Construct banner message before PM->add() as that may delete the pass.
286     if (AddingMachinePasses && (printAfter || verifyAfter))
287       Banner = std::string("After ") + std::string(P->getPassName());
288     PM->add(P);
289     if (AddingMachinePasses) {
290       if (printAfter)
291         addPrintPass(Banner);
292       if (verifyAfter)
293         addVerifyPass(Banner);
294     }
295   } else {
296     delete P;
297   }
298   if (StopAfter == PassID)
299     Stopped = true;
300   if (StartAfter == PassID)
301     Started = true;
302   if (Stopped && !Started)
303     report_fatal_error("Cannot stop compilation after pass that is not run");
304 }
305 
306 /// Add a CodeGen pass at this point in the pipeline after checking for target
307 /// and command line overrides.
308 ///
309 /// addPass cannot return a pointer to the pass instance because is internal the
310 /// PassManager and the instance we create here may already be freed.
addPass(AnalysisID PassID,bool verifyAfter,bool printAfter)311 AnalysisID TargetPassConfig::addPass(AnalysisID PassID, bool verifyAfter,
312                                      bool printAfter) {
313   IdentifyingPassPtr TargetID = getPassSubstitution(PassID);
314   IdentifyingPassPtr FinalPtr = overridePass(PassID, TargetID);
315   if (!FinalPtr.isValid())
316     return nullptr;
317 
318   Pass *P;
319   if (FinalPtr.isInstance())
320     P = FinalPtr.getInstance();
321   else {
322     P = Pass::createPass(FinalPtr.getID());
323     if (!P)
324       llvm_unreachable("Pass ID not registered");
325   }
326   AnalysisID FinalID = P->getPassID();
327   addPass(P, verifyAfter, printAfter); // Ends the lifetime of P.
328 
329   // Add the passes after the pass P if there is any.
330   for (SmallVectorImpl<std::pair<AnalysisID, IdentifyingPassPtr> >::iterator
331          I = Impl->InsertedPasses.begin(), E = Impl->InsertedPasses.end();
332        I != E; ++I) {
333     if ((*I).first == PassID) {
334       assert((*I).second.isValid() && "Illegal Pass ID!");
335       Pass *NP;
336       if ((*I).second.isInstance())
337         NP = (*I).second.getInstance();
338       else {
339         NP = Pass::createPass((*I).second.getID());
340         assert(NP && "Pass ID not registered");
341       }
342       addPass(NP, false, false);
343     }
344   }
345   return FinalID;
346 }
347 
printAndVerify(const std::string & Banner)348 void TargetPassConfig::printAndVerify(const std::string &Banner) {
349   addPrintPass(Banner);
350   addVerifyPass(Banner);
351 }
352 
addPrintPass(const std::string & Banner)353 void TargetPassConfig::addPrintPass(const std::string &Banner) {
354   if (TM->shouldPrintMachineCode())
355     PM->add(createMachineFunctionPrinterPass(dbgs(), Banner));
356 }
357 
addVerifyPass(const std::string & Banner)358 void TargetPassConfig::addVerifyPass(const std::string &Banner) {
359   if (VerifyMachineCode)
360     PM->add(createMachineVerifierPass(Banner));
361 }
362 
363 /// Add common target configurable passes that perform LLVM IR to IR transforms
364 /// following machine independent optimization.
addIRPasses()365 void TargetPassConfig::addIRPasses() {
366   // Basic AliasAnalysis support.
367   // Add TypeBasedAliasAnalysis before BasicAliasAnalysis so that
368   // BasicAliasAnalysis wins if they disagree. This is intended to help
369   // support "obvious" type-punning idioms.
370   if (UseCFLAA)
371     addPass(createCFLAliasAnalysisPass());
372   addPass(createTypeBasedAliasAnalysisPass());
373   addPass(createScopedNoAliasAAPass());
374   addPass(createBasicAliasAnalysisPass());
375 
376   // Before running any passes, run the verifier to determine if the input
377   // coming from the front-end and/or optimizer is valid.
378   if (!DisableVerify)
379     addPass(createVerifierPass());
380 
381   // Run loop strength reduction before anything else.
382   if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None && !DisableLSR) {
383     addPass(createLoopStrengthReducePass());
384     if (PrintLSR)
385       addPass(createPrintFunctionPass(dbgs(), "\n\n*** Code after LSR ***\n"));
386   }
387 
388   // Run GC lowering passes for builtin collectors
389   // TODO: add a pass insertion point here
390   addPass(createGCLoweringPass());
391   addPass(createShadowStackGCLoweringPass());
392 
393   // Make sure that no unreachable blocks are instruction selected.
394   addPass(createUnreachableBlockEliminationPass());
395 
396   // Prepare expensive constants for SelectionDAG.
397   if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None && !DisableConstantHoisting)
398     addPass(createConstantHoistingPass());
399 
400   if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None && !DisablePartialLibcallInlining)
401     addPass(createPartiallyInlineLibCallsPass());
402 }
403 
404 /// Turn exception handling constructs into something the code generators can
405 /// handle.
addPassesToHandleExceptions()406 void TargetPassConfig::addPassesToHandleExceptions() {
407   switch (TM->getMCAsmInfo()->getExceptionHandlingType()) {
408   case ExceptionHandling::SjLj:
409     // SjLj piggy-backs on dwarf for this bit. The cleanups done apply to both
410     // Dwarf EH prepare needs to be run after SjLj prepare. Otherwise,
411     // catch info can get misplaced when a selector ends up more than one block
412     // removed from the parent invoke(s). This could happen when a landing
413     // pad is shared by multiple invokes and is also a target of a normal
414     // edge from elsewhere.
415     addPass(createSjLjEHPreparePass(TM));
416     // FALLTHROUGH
417   case ExceptionHandling::DwarfCFI:
418   case ExceptionHandling::ARM:
419     addPass(createDwarfEHPass(TM));
420     break;
421   case ExceptionHandling::WinEH:
422     // We support using both GCC-style and MSVC-style exceptions on Windows, so
423     // add both preparation passes. Each pass will only actually run if it
424     // recognizes the personality function.
425     addPass(createWinEHPass(TM));
426     addPass(createDwarfEHPass(TM));
427     break;
428   case ExceptionHandling::None:
429     addPass(createLowerInvokePass());
430 
431     // The lower invoke pass may create unreachable code. Remove it.
432     addPass(createUnreachableBlockEliminationPass());
433     break;
434   }
435 }
436 
437 /// Add pass to prepare the LLVM IR for code generation. This should be done
438 /// before exception handling preparation passes.
addCodeGenPrepare()439 void TargetPassConfig::addCodeGenPrepare() {
440   if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None && !DisableCGP)
441     addPass(createCodeGenPreparePass(TM));
442   addPass(createRewriteSymbolsPass());
443 }
444 
445 /// Add common passes that perform LLVM IR to IR transforms in preparation for
446 /// instruction selection.
addISelPrepare()447 void TargetPassConfig::addISelPrepare() {
448   addPreISel();
449 
450   addPass(createStackProtectorPass(TM));
451 
452   if (PrintISelInput)
453     addPass(createPrintFunctionPass(
454         dbgs(), "\n\n*** Final LLVM Code input to ISel ***\n"));
455 
456   // All passes which modify the LLVM IR are now complete; run the verifier
457   // to ensure that the IR is valid.
458   if (!DisableVerify)
459     addPass(createVerifierPass());
460 }
461 
462 /// Add the complete set of target-independent postISel code generator passes.
463 ///
464 /// This can be read as the standard order of major LLVM CodeGen stages. Stages
465 /// with nontrivial configuration or multiple passes are broken out below in
466 /// add%Stage routines.
467 ///
468 /// Any TargetPassConfig::addXX routine may be overriden by the Target. The
469 /// addPre/Post methods with empty header implementations allow injecting
470 /// target-specific fixups just before or after major stages. Additionally,
471 /// targets have the flexibility to change pass order within a stage by
472 /// overriding default implementation of add%Stage routines below. Each
473 /// technique has maintainability tradeoffs because alternate pass orders are
474 /// not well supported. addPre/Post works better if the target pass is easily
475 /// tied to a common pass. But if it has subtle dependencies on multiple passes,
476 /// the target should override the stage instead.
477 ///
478 /// TODO: We could use a single addPre/Post(ID) hook to allow pass injection
479 /// before/after any target-independent pass. But it's currently overkill.
addMachinePasses()480 void TargetPassConfig::addMachinePasses() {
481   AddingMachinePasses = true;
482 
483   // Insert a machine instr printer pass after the specified pass.
484   // If -print-machineinstrs specified, print machineinstrs after all passes.
485   if (StringRef(PrintMachineInstrs.getValue()).equals(""))
486     TM->Options.PrintMachineCode = true;
487   else if (!StringRef(PrintMachineInstrs.getValue())
488            .equals("option-unspecified")) {
489     const PassRegistry *PR = PassRegistry::getPassRegistry();
490     const PassInfo *TPI = PR->getPassInfo(PrintMachineInstrs.getValue());
491     const PassInfo *IPI = PR->getPassInfo(StringRef("machineinstr-printer"));
492     assert (TPI && IPI && "Pass ID not registered!");
493     const char *TID = (const char *)(TPI->getTypeInfo());
494     const char *IID = (const char *)(IPI->getTypeInfo());
495     insertPass(TID, IID);
496   }
497 
498   // Print the instruction selected machine code...
499   printAndVerify("After Instruction Selection");
500 
501   // Expand pseudo-instructions emitted by ISel.
502   addPass(&ExpandISelPseudosID);
503 
504   // Add passes that optimize machine instructions in SSA form.
505   if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None) {
506     addMachineSSAOptimization();
507   } else {
508     // If the target requests it, assign local variables to stack slots relative
509     // to one another and simplify frame index references where possible.
510     addPass(&LocalStackSlotAllocationID, false);
511   }
512 
513   // Run pre-ra passes.
514   addPreRegAlloc();
515 
516   // Run register allocation and passes that are tightly coupled with it,
517   // including phi elimination and scheduling.
518   if (getOptimizeRegAlloc())
519     addOptimizedRegAlloc(createRegAllocPass(true));
520   else
521     addFastRegAlloc(createRegAllocPass(false));
522 
523   // Run post-ra passes.
524   addPostRegAlloc();
525 
526   // Insert prolog/epilog code.  Eliminate abstract frame index references...
527   addPass(&PrologEpilogCodeInserterID);
528 
529   /// Add passes that optimize machine instructions after register allocation.
530   if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None)
531     addMachineLateOptimization();
532 
533   // Expand pseudo instructions before second scheduling pass.
534   addPass(&ExpandPostRAPseudosID);
535 
536   // Run pre-sched2 passes.
537   addPreSched2();
538 
539   // Second pass scheduler.
540   if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None) {
541     if (MISchedPostRA)
542       addPass(&PostMachineSchedulerID);
543     else
544       addPass(&PostRASchedulerID);
545   }
546 
547   // GC
548   if (addGCPasses()) {
549     if (PrintGCInfo)
550       addPass(createGCInfoPrinter(dbgs()), false, false);
551   }
552 
553   // Basic block placement.
554   if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None)
555     addBlockPlacement();
556 
557   addPreEmitPass();
558 
559   addPass(&StackMapLivenessID, false);
560 
561   AddingMachinePasses = false;
562 }
563 
564 /// Add passes that optimize machine instructions in SSA form.
addMachineSSAOptimization()565 void TargetPassConfig::addMachineSSAOptimization() {
566   // Pre-ra tail duplication.
567   addPass(&EarlyTailDuplicateID);
568 
569   // Optimize PHIs before DCE: removing dead PHI cycles may make more
570   // instructions dead.
571   addPass(&OptimizePHIsID, false);
572 
573   // This pass merges large allocas. StackSlotColoring is a different pass
574   // which merges spill slots.
575   addPass(&StackColoringID, false);
576 
577   // If the target requests it, assign local variables to stack slots relative
578   // to one another and simplify frame index references where possible.
579   addPass(&LocalStackSlotAllocationID, false);
580 
581   // With optimization, dead code should already be eliminated. However
582   // there is one known exception: lowered code for arguments that are only
583   // used by tail calls, where the tail calls reuse the incoming stack
584   // arguments directly (see t11 in test/CodeGen/X86/sibcall.ll).
585   addPass(&DeadMachineInstructionElimID);
586 
587   // Allow targets to insert passes that improve instruction level parallelism,
588   // like if-conversion. Such passes will typically need dominator trees and
589   // loop info, just like LICM and CSE below.
590   addILPOpts();
591 
592   addPass(&MachineLICMID, false);
593   addPass(&MachineCSEID, false);
594   addPass(&MachineSinkingID);
595 
596   addPass(&PeepholeOptimizerID, false);
597   // Clean-up the dead code that may have been generated by peephole
598   // rewriting.
599   addPass(&DeadMachineInstructionElimID);
600 }
601 
602 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
603 /// Register Allocation Pass Configuration
604 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
605 
getOptimizeRegAlloc() const606 bool TargetPassConfig::getOptimizeRegAlloc() const {
607   switch (OptimizeRegAlloc) {
608   case cl::BOU_UNSET: return getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None;
609   case cl::BOU_TRUE:  return true;
610   case cl::BOU_FALSE: return false;
611   }
612   llvm_unreachable("Invalid optimize-regalloc state");
613 }
614 
615 /// RegisterRegAlloc's global Registry tracks allocator registration.
616 MachinePassRegistry RegisterRegAlloc::Registry;
617 
618 /// A dummy default pass factory indicates whether the register allocator is
619 /// overridden on the command line.
useDefaultRegisterAllocator()620 static FunctionPass *useDefaultRegisterAllocator() { return nullptr; }
621 static RegisterRegAlloc
622 defaultRegAlloc("default",
623                 "pick register allocator based on -O option",
624                 useDefaultRegisterAllocator);
625 
626 /// -regalloc=... command line option.
627 static cl::opt<RegisterRegAlloc::FunctionPassCtor, false,
628                RegisterPassParser<RegisterRegAlloc> >
629 RegAlloc("regalloc",
630          cl::init(&useDefaultRegisterAllocator),
631          cl::desc("Register allocator to use"));
632 
633 
634 /// Instantiate the default register allocator pass for this target for either
635 /// the optimized or unoptimized allocation path. This will be added to the pass
636 /// manager by addFastRegAlloc in the unoptimized case or addOptimizedRegAlloc
637 /// in the optimized case.
638 ///
639 /// A target that uses the standard regalloc pass order for fast or optimized
640 /// allocation may still override this for per-target regalloc
641 /// selection. But -regalloc=... always takes precedence.
createTargetRegisterAllocator(bool Optimized)642 FunctionPass *TargetPassConfig::createTargetRegisterAllocator(bool Optimized) {
643   if (Optimized)
644     return createGreedyRegisterAllocator();
645   else
646     return createFastRegisterAllocator();
647 }
648 
649 /// Find and instantiate the register allocation pass requested by this target
650 /// at the current optimization level.  Different register allocators are
651 /// defined as separate passes because they may require different analysis.
652 ///
653 /// This helper ensures that the regalloc= option is always available,
654 /// even for targets that override the default allocator.
655 ///
656 /// FIXME: When MachinePassRegistry register pass IDs instead of function ptrs,
657 /// this can be folded into addPass.
createRegAllocPass(bool Optimized)658 FunctionPass *TargetPassConfig::createRegAllocPass(bool Optimized) {
659   RegisterRegAlloc::FunctionPassCtor Ctor = RegisterRegAlloc::getDefault();
660 
661   // Initialize the global default.
662   if (!Ctor) {
663     Ctor = RegAlloc;
664     RegisterRegAlloc::setDefault(RegAlloc);
665   }
666   if (Ctor != useDefaultRegisterAllocator)
667     return Ctor();
668 
669   // With no -regalloc= override, ask the target for a regalloc pass.
670   return createTargetRegisterAllocator(Optimized);
671 }
672 
673 /// Return true if the default global register allocator is in use and
674 /// has not be overriden on the command line with '-regalloc=...'
usingDefaultRegAlloc() const675 bool TargetPassConfig::usingDefaultRegAlloc() const {
676   return RegAlloc.getNumOccurrences() == 0;
677 }
678 
679 /// Add the minimum set of target-independent passes that are required for
680 /// register allocation. No coalescing or scheduling.
addFastRegAlloc(FunctionPass * RegAllocPass)681 void TargetPassConfig::addFastRegAlloc(FunctionPass *RegAllocPass) {
682   addPass(&PHIEliminationID, false);
683   addPass(&TwoAddressInstructionPassID, false);
684 
685   addPass(RegAllocPass);
686 }
687 
688 /// Add standard target-independent passes that are tightly coupled with
689 /// optimized register allocation, including coalescing, machine instruction
690 /// scheduling, and register allocation itself.
addOptimizedRegAlloc(FunctionPass * RegAllocPass)691 void TargetPassConfig::addOptimizedRegAlloc(FunctionPass *RegAllocPass) {
692   addPass(&ProcessImplicitDefsID, false);
693 
694   // LiveVariables currently requires pure SSA form.
695   //
696   // FIXME: Once TwoAddressInstruction pass no longer uses kill flags,
697   // LiveVariables can be removed completely, and LiveIntervals can be directly
698   // computed. (We still either need to regenerate kill flags after regalloc, or
699   // preferably fix the scavenger to not depend on them).
700   addPass(&LiveVariablesID, false);
701 
702   // Edge splitting is smarter with machine loop info.
703   addPass(&MachineLoopInfoID, false);
704   addPass(&PHIEliminationID, false);
705 
706   // Eventually, we want to run LiveIntervals before PHI elimination.
707   if (EarlyLiveIntervals)
708     addPass(&LiveIntervalsID, false);
709 
710   addPass(&TwoAddressInstructionPassID, false);
711   addPass(&RegisterCoalescerID);
712 
713   // PreRA instruction scheduling.
714   addPass(&MachineSchedulerID);
715 
716   // Add the selected register allocation pass.
717   addPass(RegAllocPass);
718 
719   // Allow targets to change the register assignments before rewriting.
720   addPreRewrite();
721 
722   // Finally rewrite virtual registers.
723   addPass(&VirtRegRewriterID);
724 
725   // Perform stack slot coloring and post-ra machine LICM.
726   //
727   // FIXME: Re-enable coloring with register when it's capable of adding
728   // kill markers.
729   addPass(&StackSlotColoringID);
730 
731   // Run post-ra machine LICM to hoist reloads / remats.
732   //
733   // FIXME: can this move into MachineLateOptimization?
734   addPass(&PostRAMachineLICMID);
735 }
736 
737 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
738 /// Post RegAlloc Pass Configuration
739 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
740 
741 /// Add passes that optimize machine instructions after register allocation.
addMachineLateOptimization()742 void TargetPassConfig::addMachineLateOptimization() {
743   // Branch folding must be run after regalloc and prolog/epilog insertion.
744   addPass(&BranchFolderPassID);
745 
746   // Tail duplication.
747   // Note that duplicating tail just increases code size and degrades
748   // performance for targets that require Structured Control Flow.
749   // In addition it can also make CFG irreducible. Thus we disable it.
750   if (!TM->requiresStructuredCFG())
751     addPass(&TailDuplicateID);
752 
753   // Copy propagation.
754   addPass(&MachineCopyPropagationID);
755 }
756 
757 /// Add standard GC passes.
addGCPasses()758 bool TargetPassConfig::addGCPasses() {
759   addPass(&GCMachineCodeAnalysisID, false);
760   return true;
761 }
762 
763 /// Add standard basic block placement passes.
addBlockPlacement()764 void TargetPassConfig::addBlockPlacement() {
765   if (addPass(&MachineBlockPlacementID, false)) {
766     // Run a separate pass to collect block placement statistics.
767     if (EnableBlockPlacementStats)
768       addPass(&MachineBlockPlacementStatsID);
769   }
770 }
771