1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 package android.support.v4.provider;
18 
19 import android.content.ContentResolver;
20 import android.content.Context;
21 import android.content.Intent;
22 import android.net.Uri;
23 import android.os.Build;
24 
25 import java.io.File;
26 
27 /**
28  * Representation of a document backed by either a
29  * {@link android.provider.DocumentsProvider} or a raw file on disk. This is a
30  * utility class designed to emulate the traditional {@link File} interface. It
31  * offers a simplified view of a tree of documents, but it has substantial
32  * overhead. For optimal performance and a richer feature set, use the
33  * {@link android.provider.DocumentsContract} methods and constants directly.
34  * <p>
35  * There are several differences between documents and traditional files:
36  * <ul>
37  * <li>Documents express their display name and MIME type as separate fields,
38  * instead of relying on file extensions. Some documents providers may still
39  * choose to append extensions to their display names, but that's an
40  * implementation detail.
41  * <li>A single document may appear as the child of multiple directories, so it
42  * doesn't inherently know who its parent is. That is, documents don't have a
43  * strong notion of path. You can easily traverse a tree of documents from
44  * parent to child, but not from child to parent.
45  * <li>Each document has a unique identifier within that provider. This
46  * identifier is an <em>opaque</em> implementation detail of the provider, and
47  * as such it must not be parsed.
48  * </ul>
49  * <p>
50  * Before using this class, first consider if you really need access to an
51  * entire subtree of documents. The principle of least privilege dictates that
52  * you should only ask for access to documents you really need. If you only need
53  * the user to pick a single file, use {@link Intent#ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT} or
54  * {@link Intent#ACTION_GET_CONTENT}. If you want to let the user pick multiple
55  * files, add {@link Intent#EXTRA_ALLOW_MULTIPLE}. If you only need the user to
56  * save a single file, use {@link Intent#ACTION_CREATE_DOCUMENT}. If you use
57  * these APIs, you can pass the resulting {@link Intent#getData()} into
58  * {@link #fromSingleUri(Context, Uri)} to work with that document.
59  * <p>
60  * If you really do need full access to an entire subtree of documents, start by
61  * launching {@link Intent#ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT_TREE} to let the user pick a
62  * directory. Then pass the resulting {@link Intent#getData()} into
63  * {@link #fromTreeUri(Context, Uri)} to start working with the user selected
64  * tree.
65  * <p>
66  * As you navigate the tree of DocumentFile instances, you can always use
67  * {@link #getUri()} to obtain the Uri representing the underlying document for
68  * that object, for use with {@link ContentResolver#openInputStream(Uri)}, etc.
69  * <p>
70  * To simplify your code on devices running
71  * {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#KITKAT} or earlier, you can use
72  * {@link #fromFile(File)} which emulates the behavior of a
73  * {@link android.provider.DocumentsProvider}.
74  *
75  * @see android.provider.DocumentsProvider
76  * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract
77  */
78 public abstract class DocumentFile {
79     static final String TAG = "DocumentFile";
80 
81     private final DocumentFile mParent;
82 
DocumentFile(DocumentFile parent)83     DocumentFile(DocumentFile parent) {
84         mParent = parent;
85     }
86 
87     /**
88      * Create a {@link DocumentFile} representing the filesystem tree rooted at
89      * the given {@link Uri}. This doesn't give you any additional access to the
90      * underlying files beyond what your app already has.
91      * <p>
92      * {@link #getUri()} will return {@code file://} Uris for files explored
93      * through this tree.
94      */
fromFile(File file)95     public static DocumentFile fromFile(File file) {
96         return new RawDocumentFile(null, file);
97     }
98 
99     /**
100      * Create a {@link DocumentFile} representing the single document at the
101      * given {@link Uri}. This is only useful on devices running
102      * {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#KITKAT} or later, and will return
103      * {@code null} when called on earlier platform versions.
104      *
105      * @param singleUri the {@link Intent#getData()} from a successful
106      *            {@link Intent#ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT} or
107      *            {@link Intent#ACTION_CREATE_DOCUMENT} request.
108      */
fromSingleUri(Context context, Uri singleUri)109     public static DocumentFile fromSingleUri(Context context, Uri singleUri) {
110         final int version = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
111         if (version >= 19) {
112             return new SingleDocumentFile(null, context, singleUri);
113         } else {
114             return null;
115         }
116     }
117 
118     /**
119      * Create a {@link DocumentFile} representing the document tree rooted at
120      * the given {@link Uri}. This is only useful on devices running
121      * {@link android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES#LOLLIPOP} or later, and will return
122      * {@code null} when called on earlier platform versions.
123      *
124      * @param treeUri the {@link Intent#getData()} from a successful
125      *            {@link Intent#ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT_TREE} request.
126      */
fromTreeUri(Context context, Uri treeUri)127     public static DocumentFile fromTreeUri(Context context, Uri treeUri) {
128         final int version = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
129         if (version >= 21) {
130             return new TreeDocumentFile(null, context,
131                     DocumentsContractApi21.prepareTreeUri(treeUri));
132         } else {
133             return null;
134         }
135     }
136 
137     /**
138      * Test if given Uri is backed by a
139      * {@link android.provider.DocumentsProvider}.
140      */
isDocumentUri(Context context, Uri uri)141     public static boolean isDocumentUri(Context context, Uri uri) {
142         final int version = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
143         if (version >= 19) {
144             return DocumentsContractApi19.isDocumentUri(context, uri);
145         } else {
146             return false;
147         }
148     }
149 
150     /**
151      * Create a new document as a direct child of this directory.
152      *
153      * @param mimeType MIME type of new document, such as {@code image/png} or
154      *            {@code audio/flac}
155      * @param displayName name of new document, without any file extension
156      *            appended; the underlying provider may choose to append the
157      *            extension
158      * @return file representing newly created document, or null if failed
159      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException when working with a single document
160      *             created from {@link #fromSingleUri(Context, Uri)}.
161      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract#createDocument(ContentResolver,
162      *      Uri, String, String)
163      */
createFile(String mimeType, String displayName)164     public abstract DocumentFile createFile(String mimeType, String displayName);
165 
166     /**
167      * Create a new directory as a direct child of this directory.
168      *
169      * @param displayName name of new directory
170      * @return file representing newly created directory, or null if failed
171      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException when working with a single document
172      *             created from {@link #fromSingleUri(Context, Uri)}.
173      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract#createDocument(ContentResolver,
174      *      Uri, String, String)
175      */
createDirectory(String displayName)176     public abstract DocumentFile createDirectory(String displayName);
177 
178     /**
179      * Return a Uri for the underlying document represented by this file. This
180      * can be used with other platform APIs to manipulate or share the
181      * underlying content. You can use {@link #isDocumentUri(Context, Uri)} to
182      * test if the returned Uri is backed by a
183      * {@link android.provider.DocumentsProvider}.
184      *
185      * @see Intent#setData(Uri)
186      * @see Intent#setClipData(android.content.ClipData)
187      * @see ContentResolver#openInputStream(Uri)
188      * @see ContentResolver#openOutputStream(Uri)
189      * @see ContentResolver#openFileDescriptor(Uri, String)
190      */
getUri()191     public abstract Uri getUri();
192 
193     /**
194      * Return the display name of this document.
195      *
196      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#COLUMN_DISPLAY_NAME
197      */
getName()198     public abstract String getName();
199 
200     /**
201      * Return the MIME type of this document.
202      *
203      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#COLUMN_MIME_TYPE
204      */
getType()205     public abstract String getType();
206 
207     /**
208      * Return the parent file of this document. Only defined inside of the
209      * user-selected tree; you can never escape above the top of the tree.
210      * <p>
211      * The underlying {@link android.provider.DocumentsProvider} only defines a
212      * forward mapping from parent to child, so the reverse mapping of child to
213      * parent offered here is purely a convenience method, and it may be
214      * incorrect if the underlying tree structure changes.
215      */
getParentFile()216     public DocumentFile getParentFile() {
217         return mParent;
218     }
219 
220     /**
221      * Indicates if this file represents a <em>directory</em>.
222      *
223      * @return {@code true} if this file is a directory, {@code false}
224      *         otherwise.
225      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#MIME_TYPE_DIR
226      */
isDirectory()227     public abstract boolean isDirectory();
228 
229     /**
230      * Indicates if this file represents a <em>file</em>.
231      *
232      * @return {@code true} if this file is a file, {@code false} otherwise.
233      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#COLUMN_MIME_TYPE
234      */
isFile()235     public abstract boolean isFile();
236 
237     /**
238      * Returns the time when this file was last modified, measured in
239      * milliseconds since January 1st, 1970, midnight. Returns 0 if the file
240      * does not exist, or if the modified time is unknown.
241      *
242      * @return the time when this file was last modified.
243      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#COLUMN_LAST_MODIFIED
244      */
lastModified()245     public abstract long lastModified();
246 
247     /**
248      * Returns the length of this file in bytes. Returns 0 if the file does not
249      * exist, or if the length is unknown. The result for a directory is not
250      * defined.
251      *
252      * @return the number of bytes in this file.
253      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#COLUMN_SIZE
254      */
length()255     public abstract long length();
256 
257     /**
258      * Indicates whether the current context is allowed to read from this file.
259      *
260      * @return {@code true} if this file can be read, {@code false} otherwise.
261      */
canRead()262     public abstract boolean canRead();
263 
264     /**
265      * Indicates whether the current context is allowed to write to this file.
266      *
267      * @return {@code true} if this file can be written, {@code false}
268      *         otherwise.
269      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#COLUMN_FLAGS
270      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#FLAG_SUPPORTS_DELETE
271      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#FLAG_SUPPORTS_WRITE
272      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract.Document#FLAG_DIR_SUPPORTS_CREATE
273      */
canWrite()274     public abstract boolean canWrite();
275 
276     /**
277      * Deletes this file.
278      * <p>
279      * Note that this method does <i>not</i> throw {@code IOException} on
280      * failure. Callers must check the return value.
281      *
282      * @return {@code true} if this file was deleted, {@code false} otherwise.
283      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract#deleteDocument(ContentResolver,
284      *      Uri)
285      */
delete()286     public abstract boolean delete();
287 
288     /**
289      * Returns a boolean indicating whether this file can be found.
290      *
291      * @return {@code true} if this file exists, {@code false} otherwise.
292      */
exists()293     public abstract boolean exists();
294 
295     /**
296      * Returns an array of files contained in the directory represented by this
297      * file.
298      *
299      * @return an array of files or {@code null}.
300      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException when working with a single document
301      *             created from {@link #fromSingleUri(Context, Uri)}.
302      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract#buildChildDocumentsUriUsingTree(Uri,
303      *      String)
304      */
listFiles()305     public abstract DocumentFile[] listFiles();
306 
307     /**
308      * Search through {@link #listFiles()} for the first document matching the
309      * given display name. Returns {@code null} when no matching document is
310      * found.
311      *
312      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException when working with a single document
313      *             created from {@link #fromSingleUri(Context, Uri)}.
314      */
findFile(String displayName)315     public DocumentFile findFile(String displayName) {
316         for (DocumentFile doc : listFiles()) {
317             if (displayName.equals(doc.getName())) {
318                 return doc;
319             }
320         }
321         return null;
322     }
323 
324     /**
325      * Renames this file to {@code displayName}.
326      * <p>
327      * Note that this method does <i>not</i> throw {@code IOException} on
328      * failure. Callers must check the return value.
329      * <p>
330      * Some providers may need to create a new document to reflect the rename,
331      * potentially with a different MIME type, so {@link #getUri()} and
332      * {@link #getType()} may change to reflect the rename.
333      * <p>
334      * When renaming a directory, children previously enumerated through
335      * {@link #listFiles()} may no longer be valid.
336      *
337      * @param displayName the new display name.
338      * @return true on success.
339      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException when working with a single document
340      *             created from {@link #fromSingleUri(Context, Uri)}.
341      * @see android.provider.DocumentsContract#renameDocument(ContentResolver,
342      *      Uri, String)
343      */
renameTo(String displayName)344     public abstract boolean renameTo(String displayName);
345 }
346