1 /* -*- mode: C; c-basic-offset: 3; -*- */
2 
3 /*---------------------------------------------------------------*/
4 /*--- begin                                     s390_disasm.c ---*/
5 /*---------------------------------------------------------------*/
6 
7 /*
8    This file is part of Valgrind, a dynamic binary instrumentation
9    framework.
10 
11    Copyright IBM Corp. 2010-2013
12 
13    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14    modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
15    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
16    License, or (at your option) any later version.
17 
18    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
19    WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
20    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
21    General Public License for more details.
22 
23    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
24    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
25    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
26    02110-1301, USA.
27 
28    The GNU General Public License is contained in the file COPYING.
29 */
30 
31 /* Contributed by Florian Krohm */
32 
33 #include <stdarg.h>
34 #include "libvex_basictypes.h"
35 #include "main_util.h"        // vassert
36 #include "main_globals.h"     // vex_traceflags
37 #include "s390_defs.h"        // S390_MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN
38 #include "s390_disasm.h"
39 
40 
41 /* Return the mnemonic padded with blanks to its right */
42 static const HChar *
mnemonic(const HChar * mnm)43 mnemonic(const HChar *mnm)
44 {
45    vassert(vex_strlen(mnm) <= S390_MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN);
46 
47    static HChar buf[S390_MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN + 1];
48 
49    vex_sprintf(buf, "%-*s", S390_MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN, mnm);
50 
51    return buf;
52 }
53 
54 
55 /* Return the name of a general purpose register for dis-assembly purposes. */
56 static const HChar *
gpr_operand(UInt archreg)57 gpr_operand(UInt archreg)
58 {
59    static const HChar names[16][5] = {
60       "%r0", "%r1", "%r2", "%r3",
61       "%r4", "%r5", "%r6", "%r7",
62       "%r8", "%r9", "%r10", "%r11",
63       "%r12", "%r13", "%r14", "%r15",
64    };
65 
66    vassert(archreg < 16);
67 
68    return names[archreg];
69 }
70 
71 
72 /* Return the name of a floating point register for dis-assembly purposes. */
73 static const HChar *
fpr_operand(UInt archreg)74 fpr_operand(UInt archreg)
75 {
76    static const HChar names[16][5] = {
77       "%f0", "%f1", "%f2", "%f3",
78       "%f4", "%f5", "%f6", "%f7",
79       "%f8", "%f9", "%f10", "%f11",
80       "%f12", "%f13", "%f14", "%f15",
81    };
82 
83    vassert(archreg < 16);
84 
85    return names[archreg];
86 }
87 
88 
89 /* Return the name of an access register for dis-assembly purposes. */
90 static const HChar *
ar_operand(UInt archreg)91 ar_operand(UInt archreg)
92 {
93    static const HChar names[16][5] = {
94       "%a0", "%a1", "%a2", "%a3",
95       "%a4", "%a5", "%a6", "%a7",
96       "%a8", "%a9", "%a10", "%a11",
97       "%a12", "%a13", "%a14", "%a15",
98    };
99 
100    vassert(archreg < 16);
101 
102    return names[archreg];
103 }
104 
105 
106 /* Build and return the extended mnemonic for the compare and branch
107    opcodes as introduced by z10. See also the opcodes in file
108    opcodes/s390-opc.txt (from binutils) that have a '$' in their name. */
109 static const HChar *
cab_operand(const HChar * base,UInt mask)110 cab_operand(const HChar *base, UInt mask)
111 {
112    HChar *to;
113    const HChar *from;
114 
115    static HChar buf[S390_MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN + 1];
116 
117    static const HChar suffix[8][3] = {
118       "", "h", "l", "ne", "e", "nl", "nh", ""
119    };
120 
121    /* Guard against buffer overflow */
122    vassert(vex_strlen(base) + sizeof suffix[0] <= sizeof buf);
123 
124    /* strcpy(buf, from); */
125    for (from = base, to = buf; *from; ++from, ++to) {
126       *to = *from;
127    }
128    /* strcat(buf, suffix); */
129    for (from = suffix[mask >> 1]; *from; ++from, ++to) {
130       *to = *from;
131    }
132    *to = '\0';
133 
134    return buf;
135 }
136 
137 
138 /* Common function used to construct a mnemonic based on a condition code
139    mask. */
140 static const HChar *
construct_mnemonic(const HChar * prefix,const HChar * suffix,UInt mask)141 construct_mnemonic(const HChar *prefix, const HChar *suffix, UInt mask)
142 {
143    HChar *to;
144    const HChar *from;
145 
146    static HChar buf[S390_MAX_MNEMONIC_LEN + 1];
147 
148    static HChar mask_id[16][4] = {
149       "", /* 0 -> unused */
150       "o", "h", "nle", "l", "nhe", "lh", "ne",
151       "e", "nlh", "he", "nl", "le", "nh", "no",
152       ""  /* 15 -> unused */
153    };
154 
155    /* Guard against buffer overflow */
156    vassert(vex_strlen(prefix) + vex_strlen(suffix) +
157            sizeof mask_id[0] <= sizeof buf);
158 
159    /* strcpy(buf, prefix); */
160    for (from = prefix, to = buf; *from; ++from, ++to) {
161       *to = *from;
162    }
163    /* strcat(buf, mask_id); */
164    for (from = mask_id[mask]; *from; ++from, ++to) {
165       *to = *from;
166    }
167    /* strcat(buf, suffix); */
168    for (from = suffix; *from; ++from, ++to) {
169       *to = *from;
170    }
171    *to = '\0';
172 
173    return buf;
174 }
175 
176 
177 /* Return the special mnemonic for the BCR opcode */
178 static const HChar *
bcr_operand(UInt m1)179 bcr_operand(UInt m1)
180 {
181    if (m1 ==  0) return "nopr";
182    if (m1 == 15) return "br";
183 
184    return construct_mnemonic("b", "r", m1);
185 }
186 
187 
188 /* Return the special mnemonic for the BC opcode */
189 static const HChar *
bc_operand(UInt m1)190 bc_operand(UInt m1)
191 {
192    if (m1 ==  0) return "nop";
193    if (m1 == 15) return "b";
194 
195    return construct_mnemonic("b", "", m1);
196 }
197 
198 
199 /* Return the special mnemonic for the BRC opcode */
200 static const HChar *
brc_operand(UInt m1)201 brc_operand(UInt m1)
202 {
203    if (m1 == 0)  return "brc";
204    if (m1 == 15) return "j";
205 
206    return construct_mnemonic("j", "", m1);
207 }
208 
209 
210 /* Return the special mnemonic for the BRCL opcode */
211 static const HChar *
brcl_operand(UInt m1)212 brcl_operand(UInt m1)
213 {
214    if (m1 == 0)  return "brcl";
215    if (m1 == 15) return "jg";
216 
217    return construct_mnemonic("jg", "", m1);
218 }
219 
220 
221 /* Return the special mnemonic for a conditional load/store  opcode */
222 static const HChar *
cls_operand(Int kind,UInt mask)223 cls_operand(Int kind, UInt mask)
224 {
225    const HChar *prefix;
226 
227    switch (kind) {
228    case S390_XMNM_LOCR:   prefix = "locr";  break;
229    case S390_XMNM_LOCGR:  prefix = "locgr"; break;
230    case S390_XMNM_LOC:    prefix = "loc";   break;
231    case S390_XMNM_LOCG:   prefix = "locg";  break;
232    case S390_XMNM_STOC:   prefix = "stoc";  break;
233    case S390_XMNM_STOCG:  prefix = "stocg"; break;
234    default:
235       vpanic("cls_operand");
236    }
237 
238    return construct_mnemonic(prefix, "", mask);
239 }
240 
241 
242 /* An operand with a base register, an index register, and a displacement.
243    If the displacement is signed, the rightmost 20 bit of D need to be
244    sign extended */
245 static HChar *
dxb_operand(HChar * p,UInt d,UInt x,UInt b,Bool displacement_is_signed)246 dxb_operand(HChar *p, UInt d, UInt x, UInt b, Bool displacement_is_signed)
247 {
248    if (displacement_is_signed) {
249       Int displ = (Int)(d << 12) >> 12;  /* sign extend */
250 
251       p += vex_sprintf(p, "%d", displ);
252    } else {
253       p += vex_sprintf(p, "%u", d);
254    }
255    if (x != 0) {
256       p += vex_sprintf(p, "(%s", gpr_operand(x));
257       if (b != 0) {
258          p += vex_sprintf(p, ",%s", gpr_operand(b));
259       }
260       p += vex_sprintf(p, ")");
261    } else {
262       if (b != 0) {
263          p += vex_sprintf(p, "(%s)", gpr_operand(b));
264       }
265    }
266 
267    return p;
268 }
269 
270 
271 /* An operand with base register, unsigned length, and a 12-bit
272    unsigned displacement */
273 static HChar *
udlb_operand(HChar * p,UInt d,UInt length,UInt b)274 udlb_operand(HChar *p, UInt d, UInt length, UInt b)
275 {
276    p += vex_sprintf(p, "%u", d);
277    p += vex_sprintf(p, "(%u", length + 1);  // actual length is +1
278    if (b != 0) {
279       p += vex_sprintf(p, ",%s", gpr_operand(b));
280    }
281    p += vex_sprintf(p, ")");
282 
283    return p;
284 }
285 
286 
287 /* The first argument is the command that says how to write the disassembled
288    insn. It is understood that the mnemonic comes first and that arguments
289    are separated by a ','. The command holds the arguments. Each argument is
290    encoded using a 4-bit S390_ARG_xyz value. The first argument is placed
291    in the least significant bits of the command and so on. There are at most
292    5 arguments in an insn and a sentinel (S390_ARG_DONE) is needed to identify
293    the end of the argument list. 6 * 4 = 24 bits are required for the
294    command. */
295 void
s390_disasm(UInt command,...)296 s390_disasm(UInt command, ...)
297 {
298    va_list  args;
299    UInt argkind;
300    HChar buf[128];  /* holds the disassembled insn */
301    HChar *p;
302    HChar separator;
303    Int mask_suffix = -1;
304 
305    va_start(args, command);
306 
307    p = buf;
308    separator = 0;
309 
310    while (42) {
311       argkind = command & 0xF;
312       command >>= 4;
313 
314       if (argkind == S390_ARG_DONE) goto done;
315 
316       if (argkind == S390_ARG_CABM) separator = 0;  /* optional */
317 
318       /* Write out the separator */
319       if (separator) *p++ = separator;
320 
321       /* argument */
322       switch (argkind) {
323       case S390_ARG_MNM:
324          p += vex_sprintf(p, "%s", mnemonic(va_arg(args, HChar *)));
325          separator = ' ';
326          continue;
327 
328       case S390_ARG_XMNM: {
329          UInt mask, kind;
330          const HChar *mnm;
331 
332          kind = va_arg(args, UInt);
333 
334          separator = ' ';
335          switch (kind) {
336          case S390_XMNM_BC:
337          case S390_XMNM_BCR:
338             mask = va_arg(args, UInt);
339             mnm = kind == S390_XMNM_BCR ? bcr_operand(mask) : bc_operand(mask);
340             p  += vex_sprintf(p, "%s", mnemonic(mnm));
341             /* mask == 0 is a NOP and has no argument */
342             if (mask == 0) goto done;
343             break;
344 
345          case S390_XMNM_BRC:
346          case S390_XMNM_BRCL:
347             mask = va_arg(args, UInt);
348             mnm = kind == S390_XMNM_BRC ? brc_operand(mask) : brcl_operand(mask);
349             p  += vex_sprintf(p, "%s", mnemonic(mnm));
350 
351             /* mask == 0 has no special mnemonic */
352             if (mask == 0) {
353                p += vex_sprintf(p, " 0");
354                separator = ',';
355             }
356             break;
357 
358          case S390_XMNM_CAB:
359             mnm  = va_arg(args, HChar *);
360             mask = va_arg(args, UInt);
361             p  += vex_sprintf(p, "%s", mnemonic(cab_operand(mnm, mask)));
362             break;
363 
364          case S390_XMNM_LOCR:
365          case S390_XMNM_LOCGR:
366          case S390_XMNM_LOC:
367          case S390_XMNM_LOCG:
368          case S390_XMNM_STOC:
369          case S390_XMNM_STOCG:
370             mask = va_arg(args, UInt);
371             mnm = cls_operand(kind, mask);
372             p  += vex_sprintf(p, "%s", mnemonic(mnm));
373             /* There are no special opcodes when mask == 0 or 15. In that case
374                the integer mask is appended as the final operand */
375             if (mask == 0 || mask == 15) mask_suffix = mask;
376             break;
377          }
378       }
379       continue;
380 
381       case S390_ARG_GPR:
382          p += vex_sprintf(p, "%s", gpr_operand(va_arg(args, UInt)));
383          break;
384 
385       case S390_ARG_FPR:
386          p += vex_sprintf(p, "%s", fpr_operand(va_arg(args, UInt)));
387          break;
388 
389       case S390_ARG_AR:
390          p += vex_sprintf(p, "%s", ar_operand(va_arg(args, UInt)));
391          break;
392 
393       case S390_ARG_UINT:
394          p += vex_sprintf(p, "%u", va_arg(args, UInt));
395          break;
396 
397       case S390_ARG_INT:
398          p += vex_sprintf(p, "%d", (Int)(va_arg(args, UInt)));
399          break;
400 
401       case S390_ARG_PCREL: {
402          Long offset = va_arg(args, Int);
403 
404          /* Convert # halfwords to # bytes */
405          offset <<= 1;
406 
407          if (offset < 0) {
408             p += vex_sprintf(p, ".%lld", offset);
409          } else {
410             p += vex_sprintf(p, ".+%lld", offset);
411          }
412          break;
413       }
414 
415       case S390_ARG_SDXB: {
416          UInt dh, dl, x, b;
417 
418          dh = va_arg(args, UInt);
419          dl = va_arg(args, UInt);
420          x  = va_arg(args, UInt);
421          b  = va_arg(args, UInt);
422 
423          p = dxb_operand(p, (dh << 12) | dl, x, b, 1 /* signed_displacement */);
424          break;
425       }
426 
427       case S390_ARG_UDXB: {
428          UInt d, x, b;
429 
430          d = va_arg(args, UInt);
431          x = va_arg(args, UInt);
432          b = va_arg(args, UInt);
433 
434          p = dxb_operand(p, d, x, b, 0 /* signed_displacement */);
435          break;
436       }
437 
438       case S390_ARG_UDLB: {
439          UInt d, l, b;
440 
441          d = va_arg(args, UInt);
442          l = va_arg(args, UInt);
443          b = va_arg(args, UInt);
444 
445          p = udlb_operand(p, d, l, b);
446          break;
447       }
448 
449       case S390_ARG_CABM: {
450          UInt mask;
451 
452          mask = va_arg(args, UInt) & 0xE;
453          if (mask == 0 || mask == 14) {
454             p += vex_sprintf(p, ",%u", mask);
455          }
456          break;
457       }
458       }
459 
460       separator = ',';
461    }
462 
463  done:
464    va_end(args);
465 
466    if (mask_suffix != -1)
467       p += vex_sprintf(p, ",%d", mask_suffix);
468    *p = '\0';
469 
470    vassert(p < buf + sizeof buf);  /* detect buffer overwrite */
471 
472    /* Finally, write out the disassembled insn */
473    vex_printf("%s\n", buf);
474 }
475 
476 /*---------------------------------------------------------------*/
477 /*--- end                                       s390_disasm.c ---*/
478 /*---------------------------------------------------------------*/
479