1 
2 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
3 /*--- Startup: the real stuff                             m_main.c ---*/
4 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
5 
6 /*
7    This file is part of Valgrind, a dynamic binary instrumentation
8    framework.
9 
10    Copyright (C) 2000-2013 Julian Seward
11       jseward@acm.org
12 
13    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
14    modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
15    published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
16    License, or (at your option) any later version.
17 
18    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
19    WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
20    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
21    General Public License for more details.
22 
23    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
24    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
25    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
26    02111-1307, USA.
27 
28    The GNU General Public License is contained in the file COPYING.
29 */
30 
31 #include "pub_core_basics.h"
32 #include "pub_core_vki.h"
33 #include "pub_core_vkiscnums.h"
34 #include "pub_core_threadstate.h"
35 #include "pub_core_xarray.h"
36 #include "pub_core_clientstate.h"
37 #include "pub_core_aspacemgr.h"
38 #include "pub_core_aspacehl.h"
39 #include "pub_core_commandline.h"
40 #include "pub_core_debuglog.h"
41 #include "pub_core_errormgr.h"
42 #include "pub_core_execontext.h"
43 #include "pub_core_gdbserver.h"
44 #include "pub_core_initimg.h"
45 #include "pub_core_libcbase.h"
46 #include "pub_core_libcassert.h"
47 #include "pub_core_libcfile.h"
48 #include "pub_core_libcprint.h"
49 #include "pub_core_libcproc.h"
50 #include "pub_core_libcsignal.h"
51 #include "pub_core_sbprofile.h"
52 #include "pub_core_syscall.h"       // VG_(strerror)
53 #include "pub_core_mach.h"
54 #include "pub_core_machine.h"
55 #include "pub_core_mallocfree.h"
56 #include "pub_core_options.h"
57 #include "pub_core_debuginfo.h"
58 #include "pub_core_redir.h"
59 #include "pub_core_scheduler.h"
60 #include "pub_core_seqmatch.h"      // For VG_(string_match)
61 #include "pub_core_signals.h"
62 #include "pub_core_stacks.h"        // For VG_(register_stack)
63 #include "pub_core_syswrap.h"
64 #include "pub_core_tooliface.h"
65 #include "pub_core_translate.h"     // For VG_(translate)
66 #include "pub_core_trampoline.h"
67 #include "pub_core_transtab.h"
68 #include "pub_core_inner.h"
69 #if defined(ENABLE_INNER_CLIENT_REQUEST)
70 #include "pub_core_clreq.h"
71 #endif
72 
73 
74 /*====================================================================*/
75 /*=== Command-line: variables, processing, etc                     ===*/
76 /*====================================================================*/
77 
78 // See pub_{core,tool}_options.h for explanations of all these.
79 
usage_NORETURN(Bool debug_help)80 static void usage_NORETURN ( Bool debug_help )
81 {
82    /* 'usage1' contains a %s
83       - for the name of the GDB executable
84       - for the name of vgdb's path prefix
85       which must be supplied when they are VG_(printf)'d. */
86    const HChar usage1[] =
87 "usage: valgrind [options] prog-and-args\n"
88 "\n"
89 "  tool-selection option, with default in [ ]:\n"
90 "    --tool=<name>             use the Valgrind tool named <name> [memcheck]\n"
91 "\n"
92 "  basic user options for all Valgrind tools, with defaults in [ ]:\n"
93 "    -h --help                 show this message\n"
94 "    --help-debug              show this message, plus debugging options\n"
95 "    --version                 show version\n"
96 "    -q --quiet                run silently; only print error msgs\n"
97 "    -v --verbose              be more verbose -- show misc extra info\n"
98 "    --trace-children=no|yes   Valgrind-ise child processes (follow execve)? [no]\n"
99 "    --trace-children-skip=patt1,patt2,...    specifies a list of executables\n"
100 "                              that --trace-children=yes should not trace into\n"
101 "    --trace-children-skip-by-arg=patt1,patt2,...   same as --trace-children-skip=\n"
102 "                              but check the argv[] entries for children, rather\n"
103 "                              than the exe name, to make a follow/no-follow decision\n"
104 "    --child-silent-after-fork=no|yes omit child output between fork & exec? [no]\n"
105 "    --vgdb=no|yes|full        activate gdbserver? [yes]\n"
106 "                              full is slower but provides precise watchpoint/step\n"
107 "    --vgdb-error=<number>     invoke gdbserver after <number> errors [%d]\n"
108 "                              to get started quickly, use --vgdb-error=0\n"
109 "                              and follow the on-screen directions\n"
110 "    --vgdb-stop-at=event1,event2,... invoke gdbserver for given events [none]\n"
111 "         where event is one of:\n"
112 "           startup exit valgrindabexit all none\n"
113 "    --track-fds=no|yes        track open file descriptors? [no]\n"
114 "    --time-stamp=no|yes       add timestamps to log messages? [no]\n"
115 "    --log-fd=<number>         log messages to file descriptor [2=stderr]\n"
116 "    --log-file=<file>         log messages to <file>\n"
117 "    --log-socket=ipaddr:port  log messages to socket ipaddr:port\n"
118 "\n"
119 "  user options for Valgrind tools that report errors:\n"
120 "    --xml=yes                 emit error output in XML (some tools only)\n"
121 "    --xml-fd=<number>         XML output to file descriptor\n"
122 "    --xml-file=<file>         XML output to <file>\n"
123 "    --xml-socket=ipaddr:port  XML output to socket ipaddr:port\n"
124 "    --xml-user-comment=STR    copy STR verbatim into XML output\n"
125 "    --demangle=no|yes         automatically demangle C++ names? [yes]\n"
126 "    --num-callers=<number>    show <number> callers in stack traces [12]\n"
127 "    --error-limit=no|yes      stop showing new errors if too many? [yes]\n"
128 "    --error-exitcode=<number> exit code to return if errors found [0=disable]\n"
129 "    --error-markers=<begin>,<end> add lines with begin/end markers before/after\n"
130 "                              each error output in plain text mode [none]\n"
131 "    --show-below-main=no|yes  continue stack traces below main() [no]\n"
132 "    --default-suppressions=yes|no\n"
133 "                              load default suppressions [yes]\n"
134 "    --suppressions=<filename> suppress errors described in <filename>\n"
135 "    --gen-suppressions=no|yes|all    print suppressions for errors? [no]\n"
136 "    --db-attach=no|yes        start debugger when errors detected? [no]\n"
137 "                              Note: deprecated feature\n"
138 "    --db-command=<command>    command to start debugger [%s -nw %%f %%p]\n"
139 "    --input-fd=<number>       file descriptor for input [0=stdin]\n"
140 "    --dsymutil=no|yes         run dsymutil on Mac OS X when helpful? [no]\n"
141 "    --max-stackframe=<number> assume stack switch for SP changes larger\n"
142 "                              than <number> bytes [2000000]\n"
143 "    --main-stacksize=<number> set size of main thread's stack (in bytes)\n"
144 "                              [min(max(current 'ulimit' value,1MB),16MB)]\n"
145 "\n"
146 "  user options for Valgrind tools that replace malloc:\n"
147 "    --alignment=<number>      set minimum alignment of heap allocations [%s]\n"
148 "    --redzone-size=<number>   set minimum size of redzones added before/after\n"
149 "                              heap blocks (in bytes). [%s]\n"
150 "\n"
151 "  uncommon user options for all Valgrind tools:\n"
152 "    --fullpath-after=         (with nothing after the '=')\n"
153 "                              show full source paths in call stacks\n"
154 "    --fullpath-after=string   like --fullpath-after=, but only show the\n"
155 "                              part of the path after 'string'.  Allows removal\n"
156 "                              of path prefixes.  Use this flag multiple times\n"
157 "                              to specify a set of prefixes to remove.\n"
158 "    --extra-debuginfo-path=path    absolute path to search for additional\n"
159 "                              debug symbols, in addition to existing default\n"
160 "                              well known search paths.\n"
161 "    --debuginfo-server=ipaddr:port    also query this server\n"
162 "                              (valgrind-di-server) for debug symbols\n"
163 "    --allow-mismatched-debuginfo=no|yes  [no]\n"
164 "                              for the above two flags only, accept debuginfo\n"
165 "                              objects that don't \"match\" the main object\n"
166 "    --smc-check=none|stack|all|all-non-file [stack]\n"
167 "                              checks for self-modifying code: none, only for\n"
168 "                              code found in stacks, for all code, or for all\n"
169 "                              code except that from file-backed mappings\n"
170 "    --read-inline-info=yes|no read debug info about inlined function calls\n"
171 "                              and use it to do better stack traces.  [yes]\n"
172 "                              on Linux/Android for Memcheck/Helgrind/DRD\n"
173 "                              only.  [no] for all other tools and platforms.\n"
174 "    --read-var-info=yes|no    read debug info on stack and global variables\n"
175 "                              and use it to print better error messages in\n"
176 "                              tools that make use of it (Memcheck, Helgrind,\n"
177 "                              DRD) [no]\n"
178 "    --vgdb-poll=<number>      gdbserver poll max every <number> basic blocks [%d] \n"
179 "    --vgdb-shadow-registers=no|yes   let gdb see the shadow registers [no]\n"
180 "    --vgdb-prefix=<prefix>    prefix for vgdb FIFOs [%s]\n"
181 "    --run-libc-freeres=no|yes free up glibc memory at exit on Linux? [yes]\n"
182 "    --sim-hints=hint1,hint2,...  activate unusual sim behaviours [none] \n"
183 "         where hint is one of:\n"
184 "           lax-ioctls fuse-compatible enable-outer\n"
185 "           no-inner-prefix no-nptl-pthread-stackcache none\n"
186 "    --fair-sched=no|yes|try   schedule threads fairly on multicore systems [no]\n"
187 "    --kernel-variant=variant1,variant2,...\n"
188 "         handle non-standard kernel variants [none]\n"
189 "         where variant is one of:\n"
190 "           bproc android-no-hw-tls\n"
191 "           android-gpu-sgx5xx android-gpu-adreno3xx none\n"
192 "    --merge-recursive-frames=<number>  merge frames between identical\n"
193 "           program counters in max <number> frames) [0]\n"
194 "    --num-transtab-sectors=<number> size of translated code cache [%d]\n"
195 "           more sectors may increase performance, but use more memory.\n"
196 "    --avg-transtab-entry-size=<number> avg size in bytes of a translated\n"
197 "           basic block [0, meaning use tool provided default]\n"
198 "    --aspace-minaddr=0xPP     avoid mapping memory below 0xPP [guessed]\n"
199 "    --valgrind-stacksize=<number> size of valgrind (host) thread's stack\n"
200 "                               (in bytes) ["
201                                 VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)
202                                                 "]\n"
203 "    --show-emwarns=no|yes     show warnings about emulation limits? [no]\n"
204 "    --require-text-symbol=:sonamepattern:symbolpattern    abort run if the\n"
205 "                              stated shared object doesn't have the stated\n"
206 "                              text symbol.  Patterns can contain ? and *.\n"
207 "    --soname-synonyms=syn1=pattern1,syn2=pattern2,... synonym soname\n"
208 "              specify patterns for function wrapping or replacement.\n"
209 "              To use a non-libc malloc library that is\n"
210 "                  in the main exe:  --soname-synonyms=somalloc=NONE\n"
211 "                  in libxyzzy.so:   --soname-synonyms=somalloc=libxyzzy.so\n"
212 "    --sigill-diagnostics=yes|no  warn about illegal instructions? [yes]\n"
213 "    --unw-stack-scan-thresh=<number>   Enable stack-scan unwind if fewer\n"
214 "                  than <number> good frames found  [0, meaning \"disabled\"]\n"
215 "                  NOTE: stack scanning is only available on arm-linux.\n"
216 "    --unw-stack-scan-frames=<number>   Max number of frames that can be\n"
217 "                  recovered by stack scanning [5]\n"
218 "    --resync-filter=no|yes|verbose [yes on MacOS, no on other OSes]\n"
219 "              attempt to avoid expensive address-space-resync operations\n"
220 "    --max-threads=<number>    maximum number of threads that valgrind can\n"
221 "                              handle [%d]\n"
222 "\n";
223 
224    const HChar usage2[] =
225 "\n"
226 "  debugging options for all Valgrind tools:\n"
227 "    -d                        show verbose debugging output\n"
228 "    --stats=no|yes            show tool and core statistics [no]\n"
229 "    --sanity-level=<number>   level of sanity checking to do [1]\n"
230 "    --trace-flags=<XXXXXXXX>   show generated code? (X = 0|1) [00000000]\n"
231 "    --profile-flags=<XXXXXXXX> ditto, but for profiling (X = 0|1) [00000000]\n"
232 "    --profile-interval=<number> show profile every <number> event checks\n"
233 "                                [0, meaning only at the end of the run]\n"
234 "    --trace-notbelow=<number> only show BBs above <number> [999999999]\n"
235 "    --trace-notabove=<number> only show BBs below <number> [0]\n"
236 "    --trace-syscalls=no|yes   show all system calls? [no]\n"
237 "    --trace-signals=no|yes    show signal handling details? [no]\n"
238 "    --trace-symtab=no|yes     show symbol table details? [no]\n"
239 "    --trace-symtab-patt=<patt> limit debuginfo tracing to obj name <patt>\n"
240 "    --trace-cfi=no|yes        show call-frame-info details? [no]\n"
241 "    --debug-dump=syms         mimic /usr/bin/readelf --syms\n"
242 "    --debug-dump=line         mimic /usr/bin/readelf --debug-dump=line\n"
243 "    --debug-dump=frames       mimic /usr/bin/readelf --debug-dump=frames\n"
244 "    --trace-redir=no|yes      show redirection details? [no]\n"
245 "    --trace-sched=no|yes      show thread scheduler details? [no]\n"
246 "    --profile-heap=no|yes     profile Valgrind's own space use\n"
247 "    --core-redzone-size=<number>  set minimum size of redzones added before/after\n"
248 "                              heap blocks allocated for Valgrind internal use (in bytes) [4]\n"
249 "    --wait-for-gdb=yes|no     pause on startup to wait for gdb attach\n"
250 "    --sym-offsets=yes|no      show syms in form 'name+offset' ? [no]\n"
251 "    --command-line-only=no|yes  only use command line options [no]\n"
252 "\n"
253 "  Vex options for all Valgrind tools:\n"
254 "    --vex-iropt-verbosity=<0..9>           [0]\n"
255 "    --vex-iropt-level=<0..2>               [2]\n"
256 "    --vex-iropt-unroll-thresh=<0..400>     [120]\n"
257 "    --vex-guest-max-insns=<1..100>         [50]\n"
258 "    --vex-guest-chase-thresh=<0..99>       [10]\n"
259 "    --vex-guest-chase-cond=no|yes          [no]\n"
260 "    Precise exception control.  Possible values for 'mode' are as follows\n"
261 "      and specify the minimum set of registers guaranteed to be correct\n"
262 "      immediately prior to memory access instructions:\n"
263 "         sp-at-mem-access          stack pointer only\n"
264 "         unwindregs-at-mem-access  registers needed for stack unwinding\n"
265 "         allregs-at-mem-access     all registers\n"
266 "         allregs-at-each-insn      all registers are always correct\n"
267 "      Default value for all 3 following flags is [unwindregs-at-mem-access].\n"
268 "      --vex-iropt-register-updates=mode   setting to use by default\n"
269 "      --px-default=mode      synonym for --vex-iropt-register-updates\n"
270 "      --px-file-backed=mode  optional setting for file-backed (non-JIT) code\n"
271 "    Tracing and profile control:\n"
272 "      --trace-flags and --profile-flags values (omit the middle space):\n"
273 "         1000 0000   show conversion into IR\n"
274 "         0100 0000   show after initial opt\n"
275 "         0010 0000   show after instrumentation\n"
276 "         0001 0000   show after second opt\n"
277 "         0000 1000   show after tree building\n"
278 "         0000 0100   show selecting insns\n"
279 "         0000 0010   show after reg-alloc\n"
280 "         0000 0001   show final assembly\n"
281 "         0000 0000   show summary profile only\n"
282 "        (Nb: you need --trace-notbelow and/or --trace-notabove\n"
283 "             with --trace-flags for full details)\n"
284 "\n"
285 "  debugging options for Valgrind tools that report errors\n"
286 "    --dump-error=<number>     show translation for basic block associated\n"
287 "                              with <number>'th error context [0=show none]\n"
288 "\n"
289 "  debugging options for Valgrind tools that replace malloc:\n"
290 "    --trace-malloc=no|yes     show client malloc details? [no]\n"
291 "\n";
292 
293    const HChar usage3[] =
294 "\n"
295 "  Extra options read from ~/.valgrindrc, $VALGRIND_OPTS, ./.valgrindrc\n"
296 "\n"
297 "  %s is %s\n"
298 "  Valgrind is Copyright (C) 2000-2013, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al.\n"
299 "  LibVEX is Copyright (C) 2004-2013, and GNU GPL'd, by OpenWorks LLP et al.\n"
300 "\n"
301 "  Bug reports, feedback, admiration, abuse, etc, to: %s.\n"
302 "\n";
303 
304    const HChar* gdb_path = GDB_PATH;
305    HChar default_alignment[30];      // large enough
306    HChar default_redzone_size[30];   // large enough
307 
308    // Ensure the message goes to stdout
309    VG_(log_output_sink).fd = 1;
310    VG_(log_output_sink).is_socket = False;
311 
312    if (VG_(needs).malloc_replacement) {
313       VG_(sprintf)(default_alignment,    "%d",  VG_MIN_MALLOC_SZB);
314       VG_(sprintf)(default_redzone_size, "%lu", VG_(tdict).tool_client_redzone_szB);
315    } else {
316       VG_(strcpy)(default_alignment,    "not used by this tool");
317       VG_(strcpy)(default_redzone_size, "not used by this tool");
318    }
319    /* 'usage1' a type as described after each arg. */
320    VG_(printf)(usage1,
321                VG_(clo_vgdb_error)        /* int */,
322                gdb_path                   /* char* */,
323                default_alignment          /* char* */,
324                default_redzone_size       /* char* */,
325                VG_(clo_vgdb_poll)         /* int */,
326                VG_(vgdb_prefix_default)() /* char* */,
327                N_SECTORS_DEFAULT          /* int */,
328                MAX_THREADS_DEFAULT        /* int */
329                );
330    if (VG_(details).name) {
331       VG_(printf)("  user options for %s:\n", VG_(details).name);
332       if (VG_(needs).command_line_options)
333 	 VG_TDICT_CALL(tool_print_usage);
334       else
335 	 VG_(printf)("    (none)\n");
336    }
337    if (debug_help) {
338       VG_(printf)("%s", usage2);
339 
340       if (VG_(details).name) {
341          VG_(printf)("  debugging options for %s:\n", VG_(details).name);
342 
343          if (VG_(needs).command_line_options)
344             VG_TDICT_CALL(tool_print_debug_usage);
345          else
346             VG_(printf)("    (none)\n");
347       }
348    }
349    VG_(printf)(usage3, VG_(details).name, VG_(details).copyright_author,
350                VG_BUGS_TO);
351    VG_(exit)(0);
352 }
353 
354 
355 /* Peer at previously set up VG_(args_for_valgrind) and do some
356    minimal command line processing that must happen early on:
357 
358    - show the version string, if requested (-v)
359    - extract any request for help (--help, -h, --help-debug)
360    - get the toolname (--tool=)
361    - set VG_(clo_max_stackframe) (--max-stackframe=)
362    - set VG_(clo_main_stacksize) (--main-stacksize=)
363    - set VG_(clo_sim_hints) (--sim-hints=)
364    - set VG_(clo_max_threads) (--max-threads)
365 
366    That's all it does.  The main command line processing is done below
367    by main_process_cmd_line_options.  Note that
368    main_process_cmd_line_options has to handle but ignore the ones we
369    have handled here.
370 */
early_process_cmd_line_options(Int * need_help,const HChar ** tool)371 static void early_process_cmd_line_options ( /*OUT*/Int* need_help,
372                                              /*OUT*/const HChar** tool )
373 {
374    UInt   i;
375    HChar* str;
376 
377    vg_assert( VG_(args_for_valgrind) );
378 
379    /* parse the options we have (only the options we care about now) */
380    for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind) ); i++) {
381 
382       str = * (HChar**) VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind), i );
383       vg_assert(str);
384 
385       // Nb: the version string goes to stdout.
386       if VG_XACT_CLO(str, "--version", VG_(log_output_sink).fd, 1) {
387          VG_(log_output_sink).is_socket = False;
388          VG_(printf)("valgrind-" VERSION "\n");
389          VG_(exit)(0);
390       }
391       else if VG_XACT_CLO(str, "--help", *need_help, *need_help+1) {}
392       else if VG_XACT_CLO(str, "-h",     *need_help, *need_help+1) {}
393 
394       else if VG_XACT_CLO(str, "--help-debug", *need_help, *need_help+2) {}
395 
396       // The tool has already been determined, but we need to know the name
397       // here.
398       else if VG_STR_CLO(str, "--tool", *tool) {}
399 
400       // Set up VG_(clo_max_stackframe) and VG_(clo_main_stacksize).
401       // These are needed by VG_(ii_create_image), which happens
402       // before main_process_cmd_line_options().
403       else if VG_INT_CLO(str, "--max-stackframe", VG_(clo_max_stackframe)) {}
404       else if VG_INT_CLO(str, "--main-stacksize", VG_(clo_main_stacksize)) {}
405 
406       // Set up VG_(clo_max_threads); needed for VG_(tl_pre_clo_init)
407       else if VG_INT_CLO(str, "--max-threads", VG_(clo_max_threads)) {}
408 
409       // Set up VG_(clo_sim_hints). This is needed a.o. for an inner
410       // running in an outer, to have "no-inner-prefix" enabled
411       // as early as possible.
412       else if VG_USETX_CLO (str, "--sim-hints",
413                             "lax-ioctls,fuse-compatible,"
414                             "enable-outer,no-inner-prefix,"
415                             "no-nptl-pthread-stackcache",
416                             VG_(clo_sim_hints)) {}
417    }
418 
419    /* For convenience */
420    VG_N_THREADS = VG_(clo_max_threads);
421 }
422 
423 /* The main processing for command line options.  See comments above
424    on early_process_cmd_line_options.
425 
426    Comments on how the logging options are handled:
427 
428    User can specify:
429       --log-fd=      for a fd to write to (default setting, fd = 2)
430       --log-file=    for a file name to write to
431       --log-socket=  for a socket to write to
432 
433    As a result of examining these and doing relevant socket/file
434    opening, a final fd is established.  This is stored in
435    VG_(log_output_sink) in m_libcprint.  Also, if --log-file=STR was
436    specified, then STR, after expansion of %p and %q templates within
437    it, is stored in VG_(clo_log_fname_expanded), in m_options, just in
438    case anybody wants to know what it is.
439 
440    When printing, VG_(log_output_sink) is consulted to find the
441    fd to send output to.
442 
443    Exactly analogous actions are undertaken for the XML output
444    channel, with the one difference that the default fd is -1, meaning
445    the channel is disabled by default.
446 */
447 static
main_process_cmd_line_options(Bool * logging_to_fd,const HChar ** xml_fname_unexpanded,const HChar * toolname)448 void main_process_cmd_line_options ( /*OUT*/Bool* logging_to_fd,
449                                      /*OUT*/const HChar** xml_fname_unexpanded,
450                                      const HChar* toolname )
451 {
452    // VG_(clo_log_fd) is used by all the messaging.  It starts as 2 (stderr)
453    // and we cannot change it until we know what we are changing it to is
454    // ok.  So we have tmp_log_fd to hold the tmp fd prior to that point.
455    SysRes sres;
456    Int    i, tmp_log_fd, tmp_xml_fd;
457    Int    toolname_len = VG_(strlen)(toolname);
458    const HChar* tmp_str;         // Used in a couple of places.
459    enum {
460       VgLogTo_Fd,
461       VgLogTo_File,
462       VgLogTo_Socket
463    } log_to = VgLogTo_Fd,   // Where is logging output to be sent?
464      xml_to = VgLogTo_Fd;   // Where is XML output to be sent?
465 
466    /* Temporarily holds the string STR specified with
467       --{log,xml}-{name,socket}=STR.  'fs' stands for
468       file-or-socket. */
469    const HChar* log_fsname_unexpanded = NULL;
470    const HChar* xml_fsname_unexpanded = NULL;
471 
472    /* Whether the user has explicitly provided --sigill-diagnostics.
473       If not explicitly given depends on general verbosity setting. */
474    Bool sigill_diag_set = False;
475 
476    /* Log to stderr by default, but usage message goes to stdout.  XML
477       output is initially disabled. */
478    tmp_log_fd = 2;
479    tmp_xml_fd = -1;
480 
481    /* Check for sane path in ./configure --prefix=... */
482    if (VG_LIBDIR[0] != '/')
483       VG_(err_config_error)("Please use absolute paths in "
484                             "./configure --prefix=... or --libdir=...\n");
485 
486    vg_assert( VG_(args_for_valgrind) );
487 
488    VG_(clo_suppressions) = VG_(newXA)(VG_(malloc), "main.mpclo.4",
489                                       VG_(free), sizeof(HChar *));
490    VG_(clo_fullpath_after) = VG_(newXA)(VG_(malloc), "main.mpclo.5",
491                                         VG_(free), sizeof(HChar *));
492    VG_(clo_req_tsyms) = VG_(newXA)(VG_(malloc), "main.mpclo.6",
493                                    VG_(free), sizeof(HChar *));
494 
495    /* Constants for parsing PX control flags. */
496    const HChar* pxStrings[5]
497       = { "sp-at-mem-access",      "unwindregs-at-mem-access",
498           "allregs-at-mem-access", "allregs-at-each-insn", NULL };
499    const VexRegisterUpdates pxVals[5]
500       = { VexRegUpdSpAtMemAccess,      VexRegUpdUnwindregsAtMemAccess,
501           VexRegUpdAllregsAtMemAccess, VexRegUpdAllregsAtEachInsn, 0/*inval*/ };
502 
503    /* BEGIN command-line processing loop */
504 
505    for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind) ); i++) {
506 
507       HChar* arg   = * (HChar**) VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind), i );
508       HChar* colon = arg;
509       UInt   ix    = 0;
510 
511       // Look for a colon in the option name.
512       while (*colon && *colon != ':' && *colon != '=')
513          colon++;
514 
515       // Does it have the form "--toolname:foo"?  We have to do it at the start
516       // in case someone has combined a prefix with a core-specific option,
517       // eg.  "--memcheck:verbose".
518       if (*colon == ':') {
519          if (VG_STREQN(2,            arg,                "--") &&
520              VG_STREQN(toolname_len, arg+2,              toolname) &&
521              VG_STREQN(1,            arg+2+toolname_len, ":"))
522          {
523             // Prefix matches, convert "--toolname:foo" to "--foo".
524             // Two things to note:
525             // - We cannot modify the option in-place.  If we did, and then
526             //   a child was spawned with --trace-children=yes, the
527             //   now-non-prefixed option would be passed and could screw up
528             //   the child.
529             // - We create copies, and never free them.  Why?  Non-prefixed
530             //   options hang around forever, so tools need not make copies
531             //   of strings within them.  We need to have the same behaviour
532             //   for prefixed options.  The pointer to the copy will be lost
533             //   once we leave this function (although a tool may keep a
534             //   pointer into it), but the space wasted is insignificant.
535             //   (In bug #142197, the copies were being freed, which caused
536             //   problems for tools that reasonably assumed that arguments
537             //   wouldn't disappear on them.)
538             if (0)
539                VG_(printf)("tool-specific arg: %s\n", arg);
540             arg = VG_(strdup)("main.mpclo.1", arg + toolname_len + 1);
541             arg[0] = '-';
542             arg[1] = '-';
543 
544          } else {
545             // prefix doesn't match, skip to next arg
546             continue;
547          }
548       }
549 
550       /* Ignore these options - they've already been handled */
551       if      VG_STREQN( 7, arg, "--tool=")              {}
552       else if VG_STREQN(20, arg, "--command-line-only=") {}
553       else if VG_STREQ(     arg, "--")                   {}
554       else if VG_STREQ(     arg, "-d")                   {}
555       else if VG_STREQN(17, arg, "--max-stackframe=")    {}
556       else if VG_STREQN(17, arg, "--main-stacksize=")    {}
557       else if VG_STREQN(14, arg, "--max-threads=")       {}
558       else if VG_STREQN(12, arg, "--sim-hints=")         {}
559       else if VG_STREQN(15, arg, "--profile-heap=")      {}
560       else if VG_STREQN(20, arg, "--core-redzone-size=") {}
561       else if VG_STREQN(15, arg, "--redzone-size=")      {}
562       else if VG_STREQN(17, arg, "--aspace-minaddr=")    {}
563 
564       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--valgrind-stacksize",
565                           VG_(clo_valgrind_stacksize),
566                           2*VKI_PAGE_SIZE, 10*VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)
567                             {VG_(clo_valgrind_stacksize)
568                                   = VG_PGROUNDUP(VG_(clo_valgrind_stacksize));}
569 
570       /* Obsolete options. Report an error and exit */
571       else if VG_STREQN(34, arg, "--vex-iropt-precise-memory-exns=no") {
572          VG_(fmsg_bad_option)
573             (arg,
574              "--vex-iropt-precise-memory-exns is obsolete\n"
575              "Use --vex-iropt-register-updates=unwindregs-at-mem-access instead\n");
576       }
577       else if VG_STREQN(35, arg, "--vex-iropt-precise-memory-exns=yes") {
578          VG_(fmsg_bad_option)
579             (arg,
580              "--vex-iropt-precise-memory-exns is obsolete\n"
581              "Use --vex-iropt-register-updates=allregs-at-mem-access instead\n"
582              " (or --vex-iropt-register-updates=allregs-at-each-insn)\n");
583       }
584 
585       // These options are new.
586       else if (VG_STREQ(arg, "-v") ||
587                VG_STREQ(arg, "--verbose"))
588          VG_(clo_verbosity)++;
589 
590       else if (VG_STREQ(arg, "-q") ||
591                VG_STREQ(arg, "--quiet"))
592          VG_(clo_verbosity)--;
593 
594       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--sigill-diagnostics", VG_(clo_sigill_diag))
595          sigill_diag_set = True;
596 
597       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--stats",          VG_(clo_stats)) {}
598       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--xml",            VG_(clo_xml))
599          VG_(debugLog_setXml)(VG_(clo_xml));
600 
601       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--vgdb=no",        VG_(clo_vgdb), Vg_VgdbNo) {}
602       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--vgdb=yes",       VG_(clo_vgdb), Vg_VgdbYes) {}
603       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--vgdb=full",      VG_(clo_vgdb), Vg_VgdbFull) {
604          /* automatically updates register values at each insn
605             with --vgdb=full */
606          VG_(clo_vex_control).iropt_register_updates_default
607             = VG_(clo_px_file_backed)
608             = VexRegUpdAllregsAtEachInsn;
609       }
610       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--vgdb-poll",      VG_(clo_vgdb_poll)) {}
611       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--vgdb-error",     VG_(clo_vgdb_error)) {}
612       else if VG_USET_CLO (arg, "--vgdb-stop-at",
613                            "startup,exit,valgrindabexit",
614                            VG_(clo_vgdb_stop_at)) {}
615       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--vgdb-prefix",    VG_(clo_vgdb_prefix)) {
616          VG_(arg_vgdb_prefix) = arg;
617       }
618       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--vgdb-shadow-registers",
619                             VG_(clo_vgdb_shadow_registers)) {}
620       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--db-attach",      VG_(clo_db_attach)) {}
621       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--demangle",       VG_(clo_demangle)) {}
622       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--soname-synonyms",VG_(clo_soname_synonyms)) {}
623       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--error-limit",    VG_(clo_error_limit)) {}
624       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--error-exitcode", VG_(clo_error_exitcode)) {}
625       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--error-markers",  tmp_str) {
626          Int m;
627          const HChar *startpos = tmp_str;
628          const HChar *nextpos;
629          for (m = 0;
630               m < sizeof(VG_(clo_error_markers))
631                  /sizeof(VG_(clo_error_markers)[0]);
632               m++) {
633             /* Release previous value if clo given multiple times. */
634             VG_(free)(VG_(clo_error_markers)[m]);
635             VG_(clo_error_markers)[m] = NULL;
636 
637             nextpos = VG_(strchr)(startpos, ',');
638             if (!nextpos)
639                nextpos = startpos + VG_(strlen)(startpos);
640             if (startpos != nextpos) {
641                VG_(clo_error_markers)[m]
642                   = VG_(malloc)("main.mpclo.2", nextpos - startpos + 1);
643                VG_(memcpy)(VG_(clo_error_markers)[m], startpos,
644                            nextpos - startpos);
645                VG_(clo_error_markers)[m][nextpos - startpos] = '\0';
646             }
647             startpos = *nextpos ? nextpos + 1 : nextpos;
648          }
649       }
650       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--show-emwarns",   VG_(clo_show_emwarns)) {}
651 
652       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--run-libc-freeres", VG_(clo_run_libc_freeres)) {}
653       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--show-below-main",  VG_(clo_show_below_main)) {}
654       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--time-stamp",       VG_(clo_time_stamp)) {}
655       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--track-fds",        VG_(clo_track_fds)) {}
656       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--trace-children",   VG_(clo_trace_children)) {}
657       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--child-silent-after-fork",
658                             VG_(clo_child_silent_after_fork)) {}
659       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--fair-sched",        tmp_str) {
660          if (VG_(strcmp)(tmp_str, "yes") == 0)
661             VG_(clo_fair_sched) = enable_fair_sched;
662          else if (VG_(strcmp)(tmp_str, "try") == 0)
663             VG_(clo_fair_sched) = try_fair_sched;
664          else if (VG_(strcmp)(tmp_str, "no") == 0)
665             VG_(clo_fair_sched) = disable_fair_sched;
666          else
667             VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(arg,
668                "Bad argument, should be 'yes', 'try' or 'no'\n");
669       }
670       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--trace-sched",      VG_(clo_trace_sched)) {}
671       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--trace-signals",    VG_(clo_trace_signals)) {}
672       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--trace-symtab",     VG_(clo_trace_symtab)) {}
673       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--trace-symtab-patt", VG_(clo_trace_symtab_patt)) {}
674       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--trace-cfi",        VG_(clo_trace_cfi)) {}
675       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--debug-dump=syms",  VG_(clo_debug_dump_syms),
676                                                      True) {}
677       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--debug-dump=line",  VG_(clo_debug_dump_line),
678                                                      True) {}
679       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--debug-dump=frames",
680                                VG_(clo_debug_dump_frames), True) {}
681       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--trace-redir",      VG_(clo_trace_redir)) {}
682 
683       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--trace-syscalls",   VG_(clo_trace_syscalls)) {}
684       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--wait-for-gdb",     VG_(clo_wait_for_gdb)) {}
685       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--db-command",       VG_(clo_db_command)) {}
686       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--sym-offsets",      VG_(clo_sym_offsets)) {}
687       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--read-inline-info", VG_(clo_read_inline_info)) {}
688       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--read-var-info",    VG_(clo_read_var_info)) {}
689 
690       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--dump-error",       VG_(clo_dump_error))   {}
691       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--input-fd",         VG_(clo_input_fd))     {}
692       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--sanity-level",     VG_(clo_sanity_level)) {}
693       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--num-callers",      VG_(clo_backtrace_size), 1,
694                                                      VG_DEEPEST_BACKTRACE) {}
695       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--num-transtab-sectors",
696                                VG_(clo_num_transtab_sectors),
697                                MIN_N_SECTORS, MAX_N_SECTORS) {}
698       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--avg-transtab-entry-size",
699                                VG_(clo_avg_transtab_entry_size),
700                                50, 5000) {}
701       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--merge-recursive-frames",
702                                VG_(clo_merge_recursive_frames), 0,
703                                VG_DEEPEST_BACKTRACE) {}
704 
705       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--smc-check=none",
706                           VG_(clo_smc_check), Vg_SmcNone) {}
707       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--smc-check=stack",
708                           VG_(clo_smc_check), Vg_SmcStack) {}
709       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--smc-check=all",
710                           VG_(clo_smc_check), Vg_SmcAll) {}
711       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--smc-check=all-non-file",
712                           VG_(clo_smc_check), Vg_SmcAllNonFile) {}
713 
714       else if VG_USETX_CLO (arg, "--kernel-variant",
715                             "bproc,"
716                             "android-no-hw-tls,"
717                             "android-gpu-sgx5xx,"
718                             "android-gpu-adreno3xx",
719                             VG_(clo_kernel_variant)) {}
720 
721       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--dsymutil",        VG_(clo_dsymutil)) {}
722 
723       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--trace-children-skip",
724                                VG_(clo_trace_children_skip)) {}
725       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--trace-children-skip-by-arg",
726                                VG_(clo_trace_children_skip_by_arg)) {}
727 
728       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--vex-iropt-verbosity",
729                        VG_(clo_vex_control).iropt_verbosity, 0, 10) {}
730       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--vex-iropt-level",
731                        VG_(clo_vex_control).iropt_level, 0, 2) {}
732 
733       else if VG_STRINDEX_CLO(arg, "--vex-iropt-register-updates",
734                                    pxStrings, ix) {
735          vg_assert(ix < 4);
736          vg_assert(pxVals[ix] >= VexRegUpdSpAtMemAccess);
737          vg_assert(pxVals[ix] <= VexRegUpdAllregsAtEachInsn);
738          VG_(clo_vex_control).iropt_register_updates_default = pxVals[ix];
739       }
740       else if VG_STRINDEX_CLO(arg, "--px-default", pxStrings, ix) {
741          // NB: --px-default is an alias for the hard-to-remember
742          // --vex-iropt-register-updates, hence the same logic.
743          vg_assert(ix < 4);
744          vg_assert(pxVals[ix] >= VexRegUpdSpAtMemAccess);
745          vg_assert(pxVals[ix] <= VexRegUpdAllregsAtEachInsn);
746          VG_(clo_vex_control).iropt_register_updates_default = pxVals[ix];
747       }
748       else if VG_STRINDEX_CLO(arg, "--px-file-backed", pxStrings, ix) {
749          // Whereas --px-file-backed isn't
750          // the same flag as --vex-iropt-register-updates.
751          vg_assert(ix < 4);
752          vg_assert(pxVals[ix] >= VexRegUpdSpAtMemAccess);
753          vg_assert(pxVals[ix] <= VexRegUpdAllregsAtEachInsn);
754          VG_(clo_px_file_backed) = pxVals[ix];
755       }
756 
757       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--vex-iropt-unroll-thresh",
758                        VG_(clo_vex_control).iropt_unroll_thresh, 0, 400) {}
759       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--vex-guest-max-insns",
760                        VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_max_insns, 1, 100) {}
761       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--vex-guest-chase-thresh",
762                        VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_chase_thresh, 0, 99) {}
763       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--vex-guest-chase-cond",
764                        VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_chase_cond) {}
765 
766       else if VG_INT_CLO(arg, "--log-fd", tmp_log_fd) {
767          log_to = VgLogTo_Fd;
768          log_fsname_unexpanded = NULL;
769       }
770       else if VG_INT_CLO(arg, "--xml-fd", tmp_xml_fd) {
771          xml_to = VgLogTo_Fd;
772          xml_fsname_unexpanded = NULL;
773       }
774 
775       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--log-file", log_fsname_unexpanded) {
776          log_to = VgLogTo_File;
777       }
778       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--xml-file", xml_fsname_unexpanded) {
779          xml_to = VgLogTo_File;
780       }
781 
782       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--log-socket", log_fsname_unexpanded) {
783          log_to = VgLogTo_Socket;
784       }
785       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--xml-socket", xml_fsname_unexpanded) {
786          xml_to = VgLogTo_Socket;
787       }
788 
789       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--debuginfo-server",
790                               VG_(clo_debuginfo_server)) {}
791 
792       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--allow-mismatched-debuginfo",
793                                VG_(clo_allow_mismatched_debuginfo)) {}
794 
795       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--xml-user-comment",
796                               VG_(clo_xml_user_comment)) {}
797 
798       else if VG_BOOL_CLO(arg, "--default-suppressions",
799                           VG_(clo_default_supp)) {}
800 
801       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--suppressions", tmp_str) {
802          VG_(addToXA)(VG_(clo_suppressions), &tmp_str);
803       }
804 
805       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--fullpath-after", tmp_str) {
806          VG_(addToXA)(VG_(clo_fullpath_after), &tmp_str);
807       }
808 
809       else if VG_STR_CLO (arg, "--extra-debuginfo-path",
810                       VG_(clo_extra_debuginfo_path)) {}
811 
812       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--require-text-symbol", tmp_str) {
813          /* String needs to be of the form C?*C?*, where C is any
814             character, but is the same both times.  Having it in this
815             form facilitates finding the boundary between the sopatt
816             and the fnpatt just by looking for the second occurrence
817             of C, without hardwiring any assumption about what C
818             is. */
819          HChar patt[7];
820          Bool ok = True;
821          ok = tmp_str && VG_(strlen)(tmp_str) > 0;
822          if (ok) {
823            patt[0] = patt[3] = tmp_str[0];
824            patt[1] = patt[4] = '?';
825            patt[2] = patt[5] = '*';
826            patt[6] = 0;
827            ok = VG_(string_match)(patt, tmp_str);
828          }
829          if (!ok) {
830             VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(arg,
831                "Invalid --require-text-symbol= specification.\n");
832          }
833          VG_(addToXA)(VG_(clo_req_tsyms), &tmp_str);
834       }
835 
836       /* "stuvwxyz" --> stuvwxyz (binary) */
837       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--trace-flags", tmp_str) {
838          Int j;
839          if (8 != VG_(strlen)(tmp_str)) {
840             VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(arg,
841                "--trace-flags argument must have 8 digits\n");
842          }
843          for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
844             if      ('0' == tmp_str[j]) { /* do nothing */ }
845             else if ('1' == tmp_str[j]) VG_(clo_trace_flags) |= (1 << (7-j));
846             else {
847                VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(arg,
848                   "--trace-flags argument can only contain 0s and 1s\n");
849             }
850          }
851       }
852 
853       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--trace-notbelow", VG_(clo_trace_notbelow)) {}
854 
855       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--trace-notabove", VG_(clo_trace_notabove)) {}
856 
857       /* "stuvwxyz" --> stuvwxyz (binary) */
858       else if VG_STR_CLO(arg, "--profile-flags", tmp_str) {
859          Int j;
860          if (8 != VG_(strlen)(tmp_str)) {
861             VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(arg,
862                "--profile-flags argument must have 8 digits\n");
863          }
864          for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
865             if      ('0' == tmp_str[j]) { /* do nothing */ }
866             else if ('1' == tmp_str[j]) VG_(clo_profyle_flags) |= (1 << (7-j));
867             else {
868                VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(arg,
869                   "--profile-flags argument can only contain 0s and 1s\n");
870             }
871          }
872          VG_(clo_profyle_sbs) = True;
873       }
874 
875       else if VG_INT_CLO (arg, "--profile-interval",
876                           VG_(clo_profyle_interval)) {}
877 
878       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--gen-suppressions=no",
879                                VG_(clo_gen_suppressions), 0) {}
880       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--gen-suppressions=yes",
881                                VG_(clo_gen_suppressions), 1) {}
882       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--gen-suppressions=all",
883                                VG_(clo_gen_suppressions), 2) {}
884 
885       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--unw-stack-scan-thresh",
886                           VG_(clo_unw_stack_scan_thresh), 0, 100) {}
887       else if VG_BINT_CLO(arg, "--unw-stack-scan-frames",
888                           VG_(clo_unw_stack_scan_frames), 0, 32) {}
889 
890       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--resync-filter=no",
891                                VG_(clo_resync_filter), 0) {}
892       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--resync-filter=yes",
893                                VG_(clo_resync_filter), 1) {}
894       else if VG_XACT_CLO(arg, "--resync-filter=verbose",
895                                VG_(clo_resync_filter), 2) {}
896 
897       else if ( ! VG_(needs).command_line_options
898              || ! VG_TDICT_CALL(tool_process_cmd_line_option, arg) ) {
899          VG_(fmsg_unknown_option)(arg);
900       }
901    }
902 
903    /* END command-line processing loop */
904 
905    /* Notify about deprecated features */
906    if (VG_(clo_db_attach))
907       VG_(umsg)
908          ("\nWarning: --db-attach is a deprecated feature which will be\n"
909           "   removed in the next release. Use --vgdb-error=1 instead\n\n");
910 
911    /* Determine the path prefix for vgdb */
912    if (VG_(clo_vgdb_prefix) == NULL)
913      VG_(clo_vgdb_prefix) = VG_(vgdb_prefix_default)();
914 
915    /* Make VEX control parameters sane */
916 
917    if (VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_chase_thresh
918        >= VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_max_insns)
919       VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_chase_thresh
920          = VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_max_insns - 1;
921 
922    if (VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_chase_thresh < 0)
923       VG_(clo_vex_control).guest_chase_thresh = 0;
924 
925    /* Check various option values */
926 
927    if (VG_(clo_verbosity) < 0)
928       VG_(clo_verbosity) = 0;
929 
930    if (!sigill_diag_set)
931       VG_(clo_sigill_diag) = (VG_(clo_verbosity) > 0);
932 
933    if (VG_(clo_trace_notbelow) == -1) {
934      if (VG_(clo_trace_notabove) == -1) {
935        /* [] */
936        VG_(clo_trace_notbelow) = 2147483647;
937        VG_(clo_trace_notabove) = 0;
938      } else {
939        /* [0 .. notabove] */
940        VG_(clo_trace_notbelow) = 0;
941      }
942    } else {
943      if (VG_(clo_trace_notabove) == -1) {
944        /* [notbelow .. ]  */
945        VG_(clo_trace_notabove) = 2147483647;
946      } else {
947        /* [notbelow .. notabove]  */
948      }
949    }
950 
951    VG_(dyn_vgdb_error) = VG_(clo_vgdb_error);
952 
953    if (VG_(clo_gen_suppressions) > 0 &&
954        !VG_(needs).core_errors && !VG_(needs).tool_errors) {
955       VG_(fmsg_bad_option)("--gen-suppressions=yes",
956          "Can't use --gen-suppressions= with %s\n"
957          "because it doesn't generate errors.\n", VG_(details).name);
958    }
959 
960 #  if !defined(VGO_darwin)
961    if (VG_(clo_resync_filter) != 0) {
962       VG_(fmsg_bad_option)("--resync-filter=yes or =verbose",
963                            "--resync-filter= is only available on MacOS X.\n");
964       /*NOTREACHED*/
965    }
966 #  endif
967 
968    /* If XML output is requested, check that the tool actually
969       supports it. */
970    if (VG_(clo_xml) && !VG_(needs).xml_output) {
971       VG_(clo_xml) = False;
972       VG_(fmsg_bad_option)("--xml=yes",
973          "%s does not support XML output.\n", VG_(details).name);
974       /*NOTREACHED*/
975    }
976 
977    vg_assert( VG_(clo_gen_suppressions) >= 0 );
978    vg_assert( VG_(clo_gen_suppressions) <= 2 );
979 
980    /* If we've been asked to emit XML, mash around various other
981       options so as to constrain the output somewhat, and to remove
982       any need for user input during the run.
983    */
984    if (VG_(clo_xml)) {
985 
986       /* We can't allow --gen-suppressions=yes, since that requires us
987          to print the error and then ask the user if she wants a
988          suppression for it, but in XML mode we won't print it until
989          we know whether we also need to print a suppression.  Hence a
990          circular dependency.  So disallow this.
991          (--gen-suppressions=all is still OK since we don't need any
992          user interaction in this case.) */
993       if (VG_(clo_gen_suppressions) == 1) {
994          VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(
995             "--xml=yes together with --gen-suppressions=yes",
996             "When --xml=yes is specified, --gen-suppressions=no\n"
997             "or --gen-suppressions=all is allowed, but not "
998             "--gen-suppressions=yes.\n");
999       }
1000 
1001       /* We can't allow DB attaching (or we maybe could, but results
1002          could be chaotic ..) since it requires user input.  Hence
1003          disallow. */
1004       if (VG_(clo_db_attach)) {
1005          VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(
1006             "--xml=yes together with --db-attach=yes",
1007             "--db-attach=yes is not allowed with --xml=yes\n"
1008             "because it would require user input.\n");
1009       }
1010 
1011       /* Disallow dump_error in XML mode; sounds like a recipe for
1012          chaos.  No big deal; dump_error is a flag for debugging V
1013          itself. */
1014       if (VG_(clo_dump_error) > 0) {
1015          VG_(fmsg_bad_option)("--xml=yes",
1016             "Cannot be used together with --dump-error");
1017       }
1018 
1019       /* Disable error limits (this might be a bad idea!) */
1020       VG_(clo_error_limit) = False;
1021       /* Disable emulation warnings */
1022 
1023       /* Also, we want to set options for the leak checker, but that
1024          will have to be done in Memcheck's flag-handling code, not
1025          here. */
1026    }
1027 
1028    /* All non-logging-related options have been checked.  If the logging
1029       option specified is ok, we can switch to it, as we know we won't
1030       have to generate any other command-line-related error messages.
1031       (So far we should be still attached to stderr, so we can show on
1032       the terminal any problems to do with processing command line
1033       opts.)
1034 
1035       So set up logging now.  After this is done, VG_(log_output_sink)
1036       and (if relevant) VG_(xml_output_sink) should be connected to
1037       whatever sink has been selected, and we indiscriminately chuck
1038       stuff into it without worrying what the nature of it is.  Oh the
1039       wonder of Unix streams. */
1040 
1041    vg_assert(VG_(log_output_sink).fd == 2 /* stderr */);
1042    vg_assert(VG_(log_output_sink).is_socket == False);
1043    vg_assert(VG_(clo_log_fname_expanded) == NULL);
1044 
1045    vg_assert(VG_(xml_output_sink).fd == -1 /* disabled */);
1046    vg_assert(VG_(xml_output_sink).is_socket == False);
1047    vg_assert(VG_(clo_xml_fname_expanded) == NULL);
1048 
1049    /* --- set up the normal text output channel --- */
1050 
1051    switch (log_to) {
1052 
1053       case VgLogTo_Fd:
1054          vg_assert(log_fsname_unexpanded == NULL);
1055          break;
1056 
1057       case VgLogTo_File: {
1058          HChar* logfilename;
1059 
1060          vg_assert(log_fsname_unexpanded != NULL);
1061          vg_assert(VG_(strlen)(log_fsname_unexpanded) <= 900); /* paranoia */
1062 
1063          // Nb: we overwrite an existing file of this name without asking
1064          // any questions.
1065          logfilename = VG_(expand_file_name)("--log-file",
1066                                              log_fsname_unexpanded);
1067          sres = VG_(open)(logfilename,
1068                           VKI_O_CREAT|VKI_O_WRONLY|VKI_O_TRUNC,
1069                           VKI_S_IRUSR|VKI_S_IWUSR|VKI_S_IRGRP|VKI_S_IROTH);
1070          if (!sr_isError(sres)) {
1071             tmp_log_fd = sr_Res(sres);
1072             VG_(clo_log_fname_expanded) = logfilename;
1073          } else {
1074             VG_(fmsg)("can't create log file '%s': %s\n",
1075                       logfilename, VG_(strerror)(sr_Err(sres)));
1076             VG_(exit)(1);
1077             /*NOTREACHED*/
1078          }
1079          break;
1080       }
1081 
1082       case VgLogTo_Socket: {
1083          vg_assert(log_fsname_unexpanded != NULL);
1084          vg_assert(VG_(strlen)(log_fsname_unexpanded) <= 900); /* paranoia */
1085          tmp_log_fd = VG_(connect_via_socket)( log_fsname_unexpanded );
1086          if (tmp_log_fd == -1) {
1087             VG_(fmsg)("Invalid --log-socket spec of '%s'\n",
1088                       log_fsname_unexpanded);
1089             VG_(exit)(1);
1090             /*NOTREACHED*/
1091 	 }
1092          if (tmp_log_fd == -2) {
1093             VG_(umsg)("failed to connect to logging server '%s'.\n"
1094                       "Log messages will sent to stderr instead.\n",
1095                       log_fsname_unexpanded );
1096 
1097             /* We don't change anything here. */
1098             vg_assert(VG_(log_output_sink).fd == 2);
1099             tmp_log_fd = 2;
1100 	 } else {
1101             vg_assert(tmp_log_fd > 0);
1102             VG_(log_output_sink).is_socket = True;
1103          }
1104          break;
1105       }
1106    }
1107 
1108    /* --- set up the XML output channel --- */
1109 
1110    switch (xml_to) {
1111 
1112       case VgLogTo_Fd:
1113          vg_assert(xml_fsname_unexpanded == NULL);
1114          break;
1115 
1116       case VgLogTo_File: {
1117          HChar* xmlfilename;
1118 
1119          vg_assert(xml_fsname_unexpanded != NULL);
1120          vg_assert(VG_(strlen)(xml_fsname_unexpanded) <= 900); /* paranoia */
1121 
1122          // Nb: we overwrite an existing file of this name without asking
1123          // any questions.
1124          xmlfilename = VG_(expand_file_name)("--xml-file",
1125                                              xml_fsname_unexpanded);
1126          sres = VG_(open)(xmlfilename,
1127                           VKI_O_CREAT|VKI_O_WRONLY|VKI_O_TRUNC,
1128                           VKI_S_IRUSR|VKI_S_IWUSR|VKI_S_IRGRP|VKI_S_IROTH);
1129          if (!sr_isError(sres)) {
1130             tmp_xml_fd = sr_Res(sres);
1131             VG_(clo_xml_fname_expanded) = xmlfilename;
1132             *xml_fname_unexpanded = xml_fsname_unexpanded;
1133          } else {
1134             VG_(fmsg)("can't create XML file '%s': %s\n",
1135                       xmlfilename, VG_(strerror)(sr_Err(sres)));
1136             VG_(exit)(1);
1137             /*NOTREACHED*/
1138          }
1139          break;
1140       }
1141 
1142       case VgLogTo_Socket: {
1143          vg_assert(xml_fsname_unexpanded != NULL);
1144          vg_assert(VG_(strlen)(xml_fsname_unexpanded) <= 900); /* paranoia */
1145          tmp_xml_fd = VG_(connect_via_socket)( xml_fsname_unexpanded );
1146          if (tmp_xml_fd == -1) {
1147             VG_(fmsg)("Invalid --xml-socket spec of '%s'\n",
1148                       xml_fsname_unexpanded );
1149             VG_(exit)(1);
1150             /*NOTREACHED*/
1151 	 }
1152          if (tmp_xml_fd == -2) {
1153             VG_(umsg)("failed to connect to XML logging server '%s'.\n"
1154                       "XML output will sent to stderr instead.\n",
1155                       xml_fsname_unexpanded);
1156             /* We don't change anything here. */
1157             vg_assert(VG_(xml_output_sink).fd == 2);
1158             tmp_xml_fd = 2;
1159 	 } else {
1160             vg_assert(tmp_xml_fd > 0);
1161             VG_(xml_output_sink).is_socket = True;
1162          }
1163          break;
1164       }
1165    }
1166 
1167    /* If we've got this far, and XML mode was requested, but no XML
1168       output channel appears to have been specified, just stop.  We
1169       could continue, and XML output will simply vanish into nowhere,
1170       but that is likely to confuse the hell out of users, which is
1171       distinctly Ungood. */
1172    if (VG_(clo_xml) && tmp_xml_fd == -1) {
1173       VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(
1174           "--xml=yes, but no XML destination specified",
1175           "--xml=yes has been specified, but there is no XML output\n"
1176           "destination.  You must specify an XML output destination\n"
1177           "using --xml-fd, --xml-file or --xml-socket.\n"
1178       );
1179    }
1180 
1181    // Finalise the output fds: the log fd ..
1182 
1183    if (tmp_log_fd >= 0) {
1184       // Move log_fd into the safe range, so it doesn't conflict with
1185       // any app fds.
1186       tmp_log_fd = VG_(fcntl)(tmp_log_fd, VKI_F_DUPFD, VG_(fd_hard_limit));
1187       if (tmp_log_fd < 0) {
1188          VG_(message)(Vg_UserMsg, "valgrind: failed to move logfile fd "
1189                                   "into safe range, using stderr\n");
1190          VG_(log_output_sink).fd = 2;   // stderr
1191          VG_(log_output_sink).is_socket = False;
1192       } else {
1193          VG_(log_output_sink).fd = tmp_log_fd;
1194          VG_(fcntl)(VG_(log_output_sink).fd, VKI_F_SETFD, VKI_FD_CLOEXEC);
1195       }
1196    } else {
1197       // If they said --log-fd=-1, don't print anything.  Plausible for use in
1198       // regression testing suites that use client requests to count errors.
1199       VG_(log_output_sink).fd = -1;
1200       VG_(log_output_sink).is_socket = False;
1201    }
1202 
1203    // Finalise the output fds: and the XML fd ..
1204 
1205    if (tmp_xml_fd >= 0) {
1206       // Move xml_fd into the safe range, so it doesn't conflict with
1207       // any app fds.
1208       tmp_xml_fd = VG_(fcntl)(tmp_xml_fd, VKI_F_DUPFD, VG_(fd_hard_limit));
1209       if (tmp_xml_fd < 0) {
1210          VG_(message)(Vg_UserMsg, "valgrind: failed to move XML file fd "
1211                                   "into safe range, using stderr\n");
1212          VG_(xml_output_sink).fd = 2;   // stderr
1213          VG_(xml_output_sink).is_socket = False;
1214       } else {
1215          VG_(xml_output_sink).fd = tmp_xml_fd;
1216          VG_(fcntl)(VG_(xml_output_sink).fd, VKI_F_SETFD, VKI_FD_CLOEXEC);
1217       }
1218    } else {
1219       // If they said --xml-fd=-1, don't print anything.  Plausible for use in
1220       // regression testing suites that use client requests to count errors.
1221       VG_(xml_output_sink).fd = -1;
1222       VG_(xml_output_sink).is_socket = False;
1223    }
1224 
1225    // Suppressions related stuff
1226 
1227    if (VG_(clo_default_supp) &&
1228        (VG_(needs).core_errors || VG_(needs).tool_errors)) {
1229       /* If we haven't reached the max number of suppressions, load
1230          the default one. */
1231       static const HChar default_supp[] = "default.supp";
1232       Int len = VG_(strlen)(VG_(libdir)) + 1 + sizeof(default_supp);
1233       HChar *buf = VG_(malloc)("main.mpclo.3", len);
1234       VG_(sprintf)(buf, "%s/%s", VG_(libdir), default_supp);
1235       VG_(addToXA)(VG_(clo_suppressions), &buf);
1236    }
1237 
1238    *logging_to_fd = log_to == VgLogTo_Fd || log_to == VgLogTo_Socket;
1239 }
1240 
1241 // Write the name and value of log file qualifiers to the xml file.
1242 // We can safely assume here that the format string is well-formed.
1243 // It has been checked earlier in VG_(expand_file_name) when processing
1244 // command line options.
print_file_vars(const HChar * format)1245 static void print_file_vars(const HChar* format)
1246 {
1247    Int i = 0;
1248 
1249    while (format[i]) {
1250       if (format[i] == '%') {
1251          // We saw a '%'.  What's next...
1252          i++;
1253 	 if ('q' == format[i]) {
1254             i++;
1255             if ('{' == format[i]) {
1256 	       // Get the env var name, print its contents.
1257                HChar* qual;
1258                Int begin_qualname = ++i;
1259                while (True) {
1260 		  if ('}' == format[i]) {
1261                      Int qualname_len = i - begin_qualname;
1262                      HChar qualname[qualname_len + 1];
1263                      VG_(strncpy)(qualname, format + begin_qualname,
1264                                   qualname_len);
1265                      qualname[qualname_len] = '\0';
1266                      qual = VG_(getenv)(qualname);
1267                      i++;
1268                      VG_(printf_xml)("<logfilequalifier> <var>%pS</var> "
1269                                      "<value>%pS</value> </logfilequalifier>\n",
1270                                      qualname, qual);
1271 		     break;
1272                   }
1273                   i++;
1274                }
1275 	    }
1276          }
1277       } else {
1278 	 i++;
1279       }
1280    }
1281 }
1282 
1283 
1284 /*====================================================================*/
1285 /*=== Printing the preamble                                        ===*/
1286 /*====================================================================*/
1287 
1288 // Print the argument, escaping any chars that require it.
umsg_arg(const HChar * arg)1289 static void umsg_arg(const HChar* arg)
1290 {
1291    SizeT len = VG_(strlen)(arg);
1292    const HChar* special = " \\<>";
1293    Int i;
1294    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1295       if (VG_(strchr)(special, arg[i])) {
1296          VG_(umsg)("\\");   // escape with a backslash if necessary
1297       }
1298       VG_(umsg)("%c", arg[i]);
1299    }
1300 }
1301 
1302 // Send output to the XML-stream and escape any XML meta-characters.
xml_arg(const HChar * arg)1303 static void xml_arg(const HChar* arg)
1304 {
1305    VG_(printf_xml)("%pS", arg);
1306 }
1307 
1308 /* Ok, the logging sink is running now.  Print a suitable preamble.
1309    If logging to file or a socket, write details of parent PID and
1310    command line args, to help people trying to interpret the
1311    results of a run which encompasses multiple processes. */
print_preamble(Bool logging_to_fd,const HChar * xml_fname_unexpanded,const HChar * toolname)1312 static void print_preamble ( Bool logging_to_fd,
1313                              const HChar* xml_fname_unexpanded,
1314                              const HChar* toolname )
1315 {
1316    Int    i;
1317    const HChar* xpre  = VG_(clo_xml) ? "  <line>" : "";
1318    const HChar* xpost = VG_(clo_xml) ? "</line>" : "";
1319    UInt (*umsg_or_xml)( const HChar*, ... )
1320       = VG_(clo_xml) ? VG_(printf_xml) : VG_(umsg);
1321 
1322    void (*umsg_or_xml_arg)( const HChar* )
1323       = VG_(clo_xml) ? xml_arg : umsg_arg;
1324 
1325    vg_assert( VG_(args_for_client) );
1326    vg_assert( VG_(args_for_valgrind) );
1327    vg_assert( toolname );
1328 
1329    if (VG_(clo_xml)) {
1330       VG_(printf_xml)("<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n");
1331       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
1332       VG_(printf_xml)("<valgrindoutput>\n");
1333       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
1334       VG_(printf_xml)("<protocolversion>4</protocolversion>\n");
1335       VG_(printf_xml)("<protocoltool>%s</protocoltool>\n", toolname);
1336       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
1337    }
1338 
1339    if (VG_(clo_xml) || VG_(clo_verbosity > 0)) {
1340 
1341       if (VG_(clo_xml))
1342          VG_(printf_xml)("<preamble>\n");
1343 
1344       /* Tool details */
1345       umsg_or_xml( VG_(clo_xml) ? "%s%pS%pS%pS, %pS%s\n" : "%s%s%s%s, %s%s\n",
1346                    xpre,
1347                    VG_(details).name,
1348                    NULL == VG_(details).version ? "" : "-",
1349                    NULL == VG_(details).version
1350                       ? "" : VG_(details).version,
1351                    VG_(details).description,
1352                    xpost );
1353 
1354       if (VG_(strlen)(toolname) >= 4 && VG_STREQN(4, toolname, "exp-")) {
1355          umsg_or_xml(
1356             "%sNOTE: This is an Experimental-Class Valgrind Tool%s\n",
1357             xpre, xpost
1358          );
1359       }
1360 
1361       umsg_or_xml( VG_(clo_xml) ? "%s%pS%s\n" : "%s%s%s\n",
1362                    xpre, VG_(details).copyright_author, xpost );
1363 
1364       /* Core details */
1365       umsg_or_xml(
1366          "%sUsing Valgrind-%s and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info%s\n",
1367          xpre, VERSION, xpost
1368       );
1369 
1370       // Print the command line.  At one point we wrapped at 80 chars and
1371       // printed a '\' as a line joiner, but that makes it hard to cut and
1372       // paste the command line (because of the "==pid==" prefixes), so we now
1373       // favour utility and simplicity over aesthetics.
1374       umsg_or_xml("%sCommand: ", xpre);
1375       umsg_or_xml_arg(VG_(args_the_exename));
1376 
1377       for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_client) ); i++) {
1378          HChar* s = *(HChar**)VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_client), i );
1379          umsg_or_xml(" ");
1380          umsg_or_xml_arg(s);
1381       }
1382       umsg_or_xml("%s\n", xpost);
1383 
1384       if (VG_(clo_xml))
1385          VG_(printf_xml)("</preamble>\n");
1386    }
1387 
1388    // Print the parent PID, and other stuff, if necessary.
1389    if (!VG_(clo_xml) && VG_(clo_verbosity) > 0 && !logging_to_fd) {
1390       VG_(umsg)("Parent PID: %d\n", VG_(getppid)());
1391    }
1392    else
1393    if (VG_(clo_xml)) {
1394       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
1395       VG_(printf_xml)("<pid>%d</pid>\n", VG_(getpid)());
1396       VG_(printf_xml)("<ppid>%d</ppid>\n", VG_(getppid)());
1397       VG_(printf_xml)("<tool>%pS</tool>\n", toolname);
1398       if (xml_fname_unexpanded)
1399          print_file_vars(xml_fname_unexpanded);
1400       if (VG_(clo_xml_user_comment)) {
1401          /* Note: the user comment itself is XML and is therefore to
1402             be passed through verbatim (%s) rather than escaped
1403             (%pS). */
1404          VG_(printf_xml)("<usercomment>%s</usercomment>\n",
1405                          VG_(clo_xml_user_comment));
1406       }
1407       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
1408       VG_(printf_xml)("<args>\n");
1409 
1410       VG_(printf_xml)("  <vargv>\n");
1411       if (VG_(name_of_launcher))
1412          VG_(printf_xml)("    <exe>%pS</exe>\n",
1413                                 VG_(name_of_launcher));
1414       else
1415          VG_(printf_xml)("    <exe>%pS</exe>\n",
1416                                 "(launcher name unknown)");
1417       for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind) ); i++) {
1418          VG_(printf_xml)(
1419             "    <arg>%pS</arg>\n",
1420             * (HChar**) VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind), i )
1421          );
1422       }
1423       VG_(printf_xml)("  </vargv>\n");
1424 
1425       VG_(printf_xml)("  <argv>\n");
1426       VG_(printf_xml)("    <exe>%pS</exe>\n",
1427                                 VG_(args_the_exename));
1428       for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_client) ); i++) {
1429          VG_(printf_xml)(
1430             "    <arg>%pS</arg>\n",
1431             * (HChar**) VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_client), i )
1432          );
1433       }
1434       VG_(printf_xml)("  </argv>\n");
1435 
1436       VG_(printf_xml)("</args>\n");
1437    }
1438 
1439    // Last thing in the preamble is a blank line.
1440    if (VG_(clo_xml))
1441       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
1442    else if (VG_(clo_verbosity) > 0)
1443       VG_(umsg)("\n");
1444 
1445    if (VG_(clo_verbosity) > 1) {
1446 # if !defined(VGO_darwin)
1447       SysRes fd;
1448 # endif
1449       VexArch vex_arch;
1450       VexArchInfo vex_archinfo;
1451       if (!logging_to_fd)
1452          VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "\n");
1453       VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "Valgrind options:\n");
1454       for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind) ); i++) {
1455          VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg,
1456                      "   %s\n",
1457                      * (HChar**) VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind), i ));
1458       }
1459 
1460 # if !defined(VGO_darwin)
1461       VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "Contents of /proc/version:\n");
1462       fd = VG_(open) ( "/proc/version", VKI_O_RDONLY, 0 );
1463       if (sr_isError(fd)) {
1464          VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "  can't open /proc/version\n");
1465       } else {
1466          const SizeT bufsiz = 255;
1467          HChar version_buf[bufsiz+1];
1468          VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "  ");
1469          Int n, fdno = sr_Res(fd);
1470          do {
1471             n = VG_(read)(fdno, version_buf, bufsiz);
1472             if (n < 0) {
1473                VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "  error reading /proc/version\n");
1474                break;
1475             }
1476             version_buf[n] = '\0';
1477             VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "%s", version_buf);
1478          } while (n == bufsiz);
1479          VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "\n");
1480          VG_(close)(fdno);
1481       }
1482 # else
1483       VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "Output from sysctl({CTL_KERN,KERN_VERSION}):\n");
1484       /* Note: preferable to use sysctlbyname("kern.version", kernelVersion, &len, NULL, 0)
1485          however that syscall is OS X 10.10+ only. */
1486       Int mib[] = {CTL_KERN, KERN_VERSION};
1487       SizeT len;
1488       VG_(sysctl)(mib, sizeof(mib)/sizeof(Int), NULL, &len, NULL, 0);
1489       HChar *kernelVersion = VG_(malloc)("main.pp.1", len);
1490       VG_(sysctl)(mib, sizeof(mib)/sizeof(Int), kernelVersion, &len, NULL, 0);
1491       VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg, "  %s\n", kernelVersion);
1492       VG_(free)( kernelVersion );
1493 # endif
1494 
1495       VG_(machine_get_VexArchInfo)( &vex_arch, &vex_archinfo );
1496       VG_(message)(
1497          Vg_DebugMsg,
1498          "Arch and hwcaps: %s, %s, %s\n",
1499          LibVEX_ppVexArch    ( vex_arch ),
1500          LibVEX_ppVexEndness ( vex_archinfo.endness ),
1501          LibVEX_ppVexHwCaps  ( vex_arch, vex_archinfo.hwcaps )
1502       );
1503       VG_(message)(
1504          Vg_DebugMsg,
1505          "Page sizes: currently %d, max supported %d\n",
1506          (Int)VKI_PAGE_SIZE, (Int)VKI_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
1507       );
1508       VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg,
1509                    "Valgrind library directory: %s\n", VG_(libdir));
1510    }
1511 }
1512 
1513 
1514 /*====================================================================*/
1515 /*=== File descriptor setup                                        ===*/
1516 /*====================================================================*/
1517 
1518 /* Number of file descriptors that Valgrind tries to reserve for
1519    it's own use - just a small constant. */
1520 #define N_RESERVED_FDS (10)
1521 
setup_file_descriptors(void)1522 static void setup_file_descriptors(void)
1523 {
1524    struct vki_rlimit rl;
1525    Bool show = False;
1526 
1527    /* Get the current file descriptor limits. */
1528    if (VG_(getrlimit)(VKI_RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl) < 0) {
1529       rl.rlim_cur = 1024;
1530       rl.rlim_max = 1024;
1531    }
1532 
1533 #  if defined(VGO_darwin)
1534    /* Darwin lies. It reports file max as RLIM_INFINITY but
1535       silently disallows anything bigger than 10240. */
1536    if (rl.rlim_cur >= 10240  &&  rl.rlim_max == 0x7fffffffffffffffULL) {
1537       rl.rlim_max = 10240;
1538    }
1539 #  endif
1540 
1541    if (show)
1542       VG_(printf)("fd limits: host, before: cur %lu max %lu\n",
1543                   (UWord)rl.rlim_cur, (UWord)rl.rlim_max);
1544 
1545    /* Work out where to move the soft limit to. */
1546    if (rl.rlim_cur + N_RESERVED_FDS <= rl.rlim_max) {
1547       rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_cur + N_RESERVED_FDS;
1548    } else {
1549       rl.rlim_cur = rl.rlim_max;
1550    }
1551 
1552    /* Reserve some file descriptors for our use. */
1553    VG_(fd_soft_limit) = rl.rlim_cur - N_RESERVED_FDS;
1554    VG_(fd_hard_limit) = rl.rlim_cur - N_RESERVED_FDS;
1555 
1556    /* Update the soft limit. */
1557    VG_(setrlimit)(VKI_RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl);
1558 
1559    if (show) {
1560       VG_(printf)("fd limits: host,  after: cur %lu max %lu\n",
1561                   (UWord)rl.rlim_cur, (UWord)rl.rlim_max);
1562       VG_(printf)("fd limits: guest       : cur %u max %u\n",
1563                   VG_(fd_soft_limit), VG_(fd_hard_limit));
1564    }
1565 
1566    if (VG_(cl_exec_fd) != -1)
1567       VG_(cl_exec_fd) = VG_(safe_fd)( VG_(cl_exec_fd) );
1568 }
1569 
1570 
1571 /*====================================================================*/
1572 /*=== main()                                                       ===*/
1573 /*====================================================================*/
1574 
1575 /* When main() is entered, we should be on the following stack, not
1576    the one the kernel gave us.  We will run on this stack until
1577    simulation of the root thread is started, at which point a transfer
1578    is made to a dynamically allocated stack.  This is for the sake of
1579    uniform overflow detection for all Valgrind threads.  This is
1580    marked global even though it isn't, because assembly code below
1581    needs to reference the name. */
1582 
1583 /*static*/ struct {
1584    HChar bytes [VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB + VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB + VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB];
1585 } VG_(interim_stack);
1586 
1587 /* These are the structures used to hold info for creating the initial
1588    client image.
1589 
1590    'iicii' mostly holds important register state present at system
1591    startup (_start_valgrind).  valgrind_main() then fills in the rest
1592    of it and passes it to VG_(ii_create_image)().  That produces
1593    'iifii', which is later handed to VG_(ii_finalise_image). */
1594 
1595 /* In all OS-instantiations, the_iicii has a field .sp_at_startup.
1596    This should get some address inside the stack on which we gained
1597    control (eg, it could be the SP at startup).  It doesn't matter
1598    exactly where in the stack it is.  This value is passed to the
1599    address space manager at startup.  On Linux, aspacem then uses it
1600    to identify the initial stack segment and hence the upper end of
1601    the usable address space. */
1602 
1603 static IICreateImageInfo   the_iicii;
1604 static IIFinaliseImageInfo the_iifii;
1605 
1606 
1607 /* A simple pair structure, used for conveying debuginfo handles to
1608    calls to VG_TRACK(new_mem_startup, ...). */
1609 typedef  struct { Addr a; ULong ull; }  Addr_n_ULong;
1610 
1611 
1612 /* --- Forwards decls to do with shutdown --- */
1613 
1614 static void final_tidyup(ThreadId tid);
1615 
1616 /* Do everything which needs doing when the last thread exits */
1617 static
1618 void shutdown_actions_NORETURN( ThreadId tid,
1619                                 VgSchedReturnCode tids_schedretcode );
1620 
1621 /* --- end of Forwards decls to do with shutdown --- */
1622 
1623 
1624 /* By the time we get to valgrind_main, the_iicii should already have
1625    been filled in with any important details as required by whatever
1626    OS we have been built for.
1627 */
1628 static
valgrind_main(Int argc,HChar ** argv,HChar ** envp)1629 Int valgrind_main ( Int argc, HChar **argv, HChar **envp )
1630 {
1631    const HChar* toolname      = "memcheck";    // default to Memcheck
1632    Int     need_help          = 0; // 0 = no, 1 = --help, 2 = --help-debug
1633    ThreadId tid_main          = VG_INVALID_THREADID;
1634    Bool    logging_to_fd      = False;
1635    const HChar* xml_fname_unexpanded = NULL;
1636    Int     loglevel, i;
1637    struct vki_rlimit zero = { 0, 0 };
1638    XArray* addr2dihandle = NULL;
1639 
1640    //============================================================
1641    //
1642    // Nb: startup is complex.  Prerequisites are shown at every step.
1643    // *** Be very careful when messing with the order ***
1644    //
1645    // The first order of business is to get debug logging, the address
1646    // space manager and the dynamic memory manager up and running.
1647    // Once that's done, we can relax a bit.
1648    //
1649    //============================================================
1650 
1651    /* This is needed to make VG_(getenv) usable early. */
1652    VG_(client_envp) = (HChar**)envp;
1653 
1654    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1655    // Start up Mach kernel interface, if any
1656    //   p: none
1657    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1658 #  if defined(VGO_darwin)
1659    VG_(mach_init)();
1660 #  endif
1661 
1662    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1663    // Start up the logging mechanism
1664    //   p: none
1665    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1666    /* Start the debugging-log system ASAP.  First find out how many
1667       "-d"s were specified.  This is a pre-scan of the command line.  Also
1668       get --profile-heap=yes, --core-redzone-size, --redzone-size
1669       --aspace-minaddr which are needed by the time we start up dynamic
1670       memory management.  */
1671    loglevel = 0;
1672    for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
1673       const HChar* tmp_str;
1674       if (argv[i][0] != '-') break;
1675       if VG_STREQ(argv[i], "--") break;
1676       if VG_STREQ(argv[i], "-d") loglevel++;
1677       if VG_BOOL_CLO(argv[i], "--profile-heap", VG_(clo_profile_heap)) {}
1678       if VG_BINT_CLO(argv[i], "--core-redzone-size", VG_(clo_core_redzone_size),
1679                      0, MAX_CLO_REDZONE_SZB) {}
1680       if VG_BINT_CLO(argv[i], "--redzone-size", VG_(clo_redzone_size),
1681                      0, MAX_CLO_REDZONE_SZB) {}
1682       if VG_STR_CLO(argv[i], "--aspace-minaddr", tmp_str) {
1683          Bool ok = VG_(parse_Addr) (&tmp_str, &VG_(clo_aspacem_minAddr));
1684          if (!ok)
1685             VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(argv[i], "Invalid address\n");
1686          const HChar *errmsg;
1687          if (!VG_(am_is_valid_for_aspacem_minAddr)(VG_(clo_aspacem_minAddr),
1688                                                    &errmsg))
1689             VG_(fmsg_bad_option)(argv[i], "%s\n", errmsg);
1690       }
1691    }
1692 
1693    /* ... and start the debug logger.  Now we can safely emit logging
1694       messages all through startup. */
1695    VG_(debugLog_startup)(loglevel, "Stage 2 (main)");
1696    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Welcome to Valgrind version "
1697                             VERSION " debug logging\n");
1698 
1699    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1700    // Ensure we're on a plausible stack.
1701    //   p: logging
1702    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1703    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Checking current stack is plausible\n");
1704    { HChar* limLo  = (HChar*)(&VG_(interim_stack).bytes[0]);
1705      HChar* limHi  = limLo + sizeof(VG_(interim_stack));
1706      HChar* volatile
1707             aLocal = (HChar*)&limLo; /* any auto local will do */
1708      /* Re "volatile": Apple clang version 4.0
1709         (tags/Apple/clang-421.0.57) (based on LLVM 3.1svn)" appeared
1710         to miscompile the following check, causing run to abort at
1711         this point (in 64-bit mode) even though aLocal is within limLo
1712         .. limHi.  But in fact clang is within its rights to do
1713         strange things here.  "The reason is that the comparisons
1714         aLocal < limLo and aLocal >= limHi cause undefined behaviour
1715         (according to c99 6.5.8) because they compare pointers that do
1716         not point into the same aggregate."  Adding "volatile" appears
1717         to fix it because "The compiler would have to prove that there
1718         is undefined behavior in order to exploit it.  But as a
1719         volatile variable can change its value in ways invisible to
1720         the compiler, the compiler must make the conservative
1721         assumption that it points into the same aggregate as the other
1722         pointer its compared against.  I.e. the behaviour is possibly
1723         defined." (Analysis by Florian Krohm). */
1724      if (aLocal < limLo || aLocal >= limHi) {
1725         /* something's wrong.  Stop. */
1726         VG_(debugLog)(0, "main", "Root stack %p to %p, a local %p\n",
1727                           limLo, limHi, aLocal );
1728         VG_(debugLog)(0, "main", "Valgrind: FATAL: "
1729                                  "Initial stack switched failed.\n");
1730         VG_(debugLog)(0, "main", "   Cannot continue.  Sorry.\n");
1731         VG_(exit)(1);
1732      }
1733    }
1734 
1735    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1736    // Ensure we have a plausible pointer to the stack on which
1737    // we gained control (not the current stack!)
1738    //   p: logging
1739    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1740    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Checking initial stack was noted\n");
1741    if (the_iicii.sp_at_startup == 0) {
1742       VG_(debugLog)(0, "main", "Valgrind: FATAL: "
1743                                "Initial stack was not noted.\n");
1744       VG_(debugLog)(0, "main", "   Cannot continue.  Sorry.\n");
1745       VG_(exit)(1);
1746    }
1747 
1748    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1749    // Start up the address space manager, and determine the
1750    // approximate location of the client's stack
1751    //   p: logging, plausible-stack
1752    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1753    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Starting the address space manager\n");
1754    vg_assert(VKI_PAGE_SIZE     == 4096 || VKI_PAGE_SIZE     == 65536
1755              || VKI_PAGE_SIZE     == 16384);
1756    vg_assert(VKI_MAX_PAGE_SIZE == 4096 || VKI_MAX_PAGE_SIZE == 65536
1757              || VKI_MAX_PAGE_SIZE == 16384);
1758    vg_assert(VKI_PAGE_SIZE <= VKI_MAX_PAGE_SIZE);
1759    vg_assert(VKI_PAGE_SIZE     == (1 << VKI_PAGE_SHIFT));
1760    vg_assert(VKI_MAX_PAGE_SIZE == (1 << VKI_MAX_PAGE_SHIFT));
1761    the_iicii.clstack_end = VG_(am_startup)( the_iicii.sp_at_startup );
1762    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Address space manager is running\n");
1763 
1764    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1765    // Start up the dynamic memory manager
1766    //   p: address space management
1767    //   p: getting --profile-heap,--core-redzone-size,--redzone-size
1768    //   In fact m_mallocfree is self-initialising, so there's no
1769    //   initialisation call to do.  Instead, try a simple malloc/
1770    //   free pair right now to check that nothing is broken.
1771    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1772    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Starting the dynamic memory manager\n");
1773    { void* p = VG_(malloc)( "main.vm.1", 12345 );
1774      VG_(free)( p );
1775    }
1776    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Dynamic memory manager is running\n");
1777 
1778    //============================================================
1779    //
1780    // Dynamic memory management is now available.
1781    //
1782    //============================================================
1783 
1784    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1785    // Initialise m_debuginfo
1786    //  p: dynamic memory allocation
1787    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Initialise m_debuginfo\n");
1788    VG_(di_initialise)();
1789 
1790    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1791    // Look for alternative libdir
1792    { HChar *cp = VG_(getenv)(VALGRIND_LIB);
1793      if (cp != NULL)
1794         VG_(libdir) = cp;
1795      VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "VG_(libdir) = %s\n", VG_(libdir));
1796    }
1797 
1798    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1799    // Extract the launcher name from the environment.
1800    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Getting launcher's name ...\n");
1801    VG_(name_of_launcher) = VG_(getenv)(VALGRIND_LAUNCHER);
1802    if (VG_(name_of_launcher) == NULL) {
1803       VG_(printf)("valgrind: You cannot run '%s' directly.\n", argv[0]);
1804       VG_(printf)("valgrind: You should use $prefix/bin/valgrind.\n");
1805       VG_(exit)(1);
1806    }
1807    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "... %s\n", VG_(name_of_launcher));
1808 
1809    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1810    // Get the current process datasize rlimit, and set it to zero.
1811    // This prevents any internal uses of brk() from having any effect.
1812    // We remember the old value so we can restore it on exec, so that
1813    // child processes will have a reasonable brk value.
1814    VG_(getrlimit)(VKI_RLIMIT_DATA, &VG_(client_rlimit_data));
1815    zero.rlim_max = VG_(client_rlimit_data).rlim_max;
1816    VG_(setrlimit)(VKI_RLIMIT_DATA, &zero);
1817 
1818    // Get the current process stack rlimit.
1819    VG_(getrlimit)(VKI_RLIMIT_STACK, &VG_(client_rlimit_stack));
1820 
1821    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1822    // Figure out what sort of CPU we're on, and whether it is
1823    // able to run V.
1824    /* The vex_archinfo structure is passed down later to the client
1825     * to verify the HW info settings are consistent.
1826     */
1827    VexArchInfo vex_archinfo;
1828    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Get hardware capabilities ...\n");
1829    { VexArch     vex_arch;
1830      Bool ok = VG_(machine_get_hwcaps)();
1831      if (!ok) {
1832         VG_(printf)("\n");
1833         VG_(printf)("valgrind: fatal error: unsupported CPU.\n");
1834         VG_(printf)("   Supported CPUs are:\n");
1835         VG_(printf)("   * x86 (practically any; Pentium-I or above), "
1836                     "AMD Athlon or above)\n");
1837         VG_(printf)("   * AMD Athlon64/Opteron\n");
1838         VG_(printf)("   * ARM (armv7)\n");
1839         VG_(printf)("   * PowerPC (most; ppc405 and above)\n");
1840         VG_(printf)("   * System z (64bit only - s390x; z990 and above)\n");
1841         VG_(printf)("\n");
1842         VG_(exit)(1);
1843      }
1844      VG_(machine_get_VexArchInfo)( &vex_arch, &vex_archinfo );
1845      VG_(debugLog)(
1846         1, "main", "... arch = %s, hwcaps = %s\n",
1847            LibVEX_ppVexArch   ( vex_arch ),
1848            LibVEX_ppVexHwCaps ( vex_arch, vex_archinfo.hwcaps )
1849      );
1850    }
1851 
1852    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1853    // Record the working directory at startup
1854    //   p: none
1855    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Getting the working directory at startup\n");
1856    { Bool ok = VG_(record_startup_wd)();
1857      if (!ok)
1858         VG_(err_config_error)( "Can't establish current working "
1859                                "directory at startup\n");
1860    }
1861    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "... %s\n", VG_(get_startup_wd)() );
1862 
1863    //============================================================
1864    // Command line argument handling order:
1865    // * If --help/--help-debug are present, show usage message
1866    //   (including the tool-specific usage)
1867    // * (If no --tool option given, default to Memcheck)
1868    // * Then, if client is missing, abort with error msg
1869    // * Then, if any cmdline args are bad, abort with error msg
1870    //============================================================
1871 
1872    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1873    // Split up argv into: C args, V args, V extra args, and exename.
1874    //   p: dynamic memory allocation
1875    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1876    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Split up command line\n");
1877    VG_(split_up_argv)( argc, argv );
1878    vg_assert( VG_(args_for_valgrind) );
1879    vg_assert( VG_(args_for_client) );
1880    if (0) {
1881       for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind) ); i++)
1882          VG_(printf)(
1883             "varg %s\n",
1884             * (HChar**) VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_valgrind), i )
1885          );
1886       VG_(printf)(" exe %s\n", VG_(args_the_exename));
1887       for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_client) ); i++)
1888          VG_(printf)(
1889             "carg %s\n",
1890             * (HChar**) VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_client), i )
1891          );
1892    }
1893 
1894    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1895    // Extract tool name and whether help has been requested.
1896    // Note we can't print the help message yet, even if requested,
1897    // because the tool has not been initialised.
1898    //   p: split_up_argv [for VG_(args_for_valgrind)]
1899    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1900    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main",
1901                     "(early_) Process Valgrind's command line options\n");
1902    early_process_cmd_line_options(&need_help, &toolname);
1903 
1904    // BEGIN HACK
1905    vg_assert(toolname != NULL);
1906    vg_assert(VG_(clo_read_inline_info) == False);
1907 #  if !defined(VGO_darwin)
1908    if (0 == VG_(strcmp)(toolname, "memcheck")
1909        || 0 == VG_(strcmp)(toolname, "helgrind")
1910        || 0 == VG_(strcmp)(toolname, "drd")) {
1911       /* Change the default setting.  Later on (just below)
1912          main_process_cmd_line_options should pick up any
1913          user-supplied setting for it and will override the default
1914          set here. */
1915       VG_(clo_read_inline_info) = True;
1916    }
1917 #  endif
1918    // END HACK
1919 
1920    // Set default vex control params.
1921    LibVEX_default_VexControl(& VG_(clo_vex_control));
1922 
1923    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1924    // Load client executable, finding in $PATH if necessary
1925    //   p: early_process_cmd_line_options()  [for 'exec', 'need_help',
1926    //                                         clo_max_stackframe,
1927    //                                         clo_main_stacksize]
1928    //   p: layout_remaining_space            [so there's space]
1929    //
1930    // Set up client's environment
1931    //   p: set-libdir                     [for VG_(libdir)]
1932    //   p: early_process_cmd_line_options [for toolname]
1933    //
1934    // Setup client stack, eip, and VG_(client_arg[cv])
1935    //   p: load_client()     [for 'info']
1936    //   p: fix_environment() [for 'env']
1937    //
1938    // Setup client data (brk) segment.  Initially a 1-page segment
1939    // which abuts a shrinkable reservation.
1940    //     p: load_client()     [for 'info' and hence VG_(brk_base)]
1941    //
1942    // p: _start_in_C (for zeroing out the_iicii and putting some
1943    //    initial values into it)
1944    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1945    if (!need_help) {
1946       VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Create initial image\n");
1947 
1948 #     if defined(VGO_linux) || defined(VGO_darwin)
1949       the_iicii.argv              = argv;
1950       the_iicii.envp              = envp;
1951       the_iicii.toolname          = toolname;
1952 #     else
1953 #       error "Unknown platform"
1954 #     endif
1955 
1956       /* NOTE: this call reads VG_(clo_main_stacksize). */
1957       the_iifii = VG_(ii_create_image)( the_iicii, &vex_archinfo );
1958    }
1959 
1960    //==============================================================
1961    //
1962    // Finished loading/setting up the client address space.
1963    //
1964    //==============================================================
1965 
1966    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1967    // setup file descriptors
1968    //   p: n/a
1969    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1970    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Setup file descriptors\n");
1971    setup_file_descriptors();
1972 
1973    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1974    // create fake /proc/<pid>/cmdline and /proc/<pid>/auxv files
1975    // and then unlink them, but hold onto the fds, so we can handr
1976    // them out to the client when it tries to open
1977    // /proc/<pid>/cmdline or /proc/<pid>/auxv for itself.
1978    //   p: setup file descriptors
1979    //   p: ii_create_image for VG_(client_auxv) setup.
1980    //--------------------------------------------------------------
1981 #if !defined(VGO_linux)
1982    // client shouldn't be using /proc!
1983    VG_(cl_cmdline_fd) = -1;
1984    VG_(cl_auxv_fd) = -1;
1985 #else
1986    if (!need_help) {
1987       HChar  buf[50];   // large enough
1988       HChar  buf2[VG_(mkstemp_fullname_bufsz)(sizeof buf - 1)];
1989       HChar  nul[1];
1990       Int    fd, r;
1991       const HChar* exename;
1992 
1993       VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Create fake /proc/<pid>/cmdline\n");
1994 
1995       VG_(sprintf)(buf, "proc_%d_cmdline", VG_(getpid)());
1996       fd = VG_(mkstemp)( buf, buf2 );
1997       if (fd == -1)
1998          VG_(err_config_error)("Can't create client cmdline file in %s\n", buf2);
1999 
2000       nul[0] = 0;
2001       exename = VG_(args_the_exename);
2002       VG_(write)(fd, exename, VG_(strlen)( exename ));
2003       VG_(write)(fd, nul, 1);
2004 
2005       for (i = 0; i < VG_(sizeXA)( VG_(args_for_client) ); i++) {
2006          HChar* arg = * (HChar**) VG_(indexXA)( VG_(args_for_client), i );
2007          VG_(write)(fd, arg, VG_(strlen)( arg ));
2008          VG_(write)(fd, nul, 1);
2009       }
2010 
2011       /* Don't bother to seek the file back to the start; instead do
2012 	 it every time a copy of it is given out (by PRE(sys_open)).
2013 	 That is probably more robust across fork() etc. */
2014 
2015       /* Now delete it, but hang on to the fd. */
2016       r = VG_(unlink)( buf2 );
2017       if (r)
2018          VG_(err_config_error)("Can't delete client cmdline file in %s\n", buf2);
2019 
2020       VG_(cl_cmdline_fd) = fd;
2021 
2022       VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Create fake /proc/<pid>/auxv\n");
2023 
2024       VG_(sprintf)(buf, "proc_%d_auxv", VG_(getpid)());
2025       fd = VG_(mkstemp)( buf, buf2 );
2026       if (fd == -1)
2027          VG_(err_config_error)("Can't create client auxv file in %s\n", buf2);
2028 
2029       UWord *client_auxv = VG_(client_auxv);
2030       unsigned int client_auxv_len = 0;
2031       while (*client_auxv != 0) {
2032          client_auxv++;
2033          client_auxv++;
2034          client_auxv_len += 2 * sizeof(UWord);
2035       }
2036       client_auxv_len += 2 * sizeof(UWord);
2037 
2038       VG_(write)(fd, VG_(client_auxv), client_auxv_len);
2039 
2040       /* Don't bother to seek the file back to the start; instead do
2041 	 it every time a copy of it is given out (by PRE(sys_open)).
2042 	 That is probably more robust across fork() etc. */
2043 
2044       /* Now delete it, but hang on to the fd. */
2045       r = VG_(unlink)( buf2 );
2046       if (r)
2047          VG_(err_config_error)("Can't delete client auxv file in %s\n", buf2);
2048 
2049       VG_(cl_auxv_fd) = fd;
2050    }
2051 #endif
2052 
2053    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2054    // Init tool part 1: pre_clo_init
2055    //   p: setup_client_stack()      [for 'VG_(client_arg[cv]']
2056    //   p: setup_file_descriptors()  [for 'VG_(fd_xxx_limit)']
2057    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2058    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Initialise the tool part 1 (pre_clo_init)\n");
2059    VG_(tl_pre_clo_init)();
2060    // Activate var info readers, if the tool asked for it:
2061    if (VG_(needs).var_info)
2062       VG_(clo_read_var_info) = True;
2063 
2064    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2065    // If --tool and --help/--help-debug was given, now give the core+tool
2066    // help message
2067    //   p: early_process_cmd_line_options() [for 'need_help']
2068    //   p: tl_pre_clo_init                  [for 'VG_(tdict).usage']
2069    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2070    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Print help and quit, if requested\n");
2071    if (need_help) {
2072       usage_NORETURN(/*--help-debug?*/need_help >= 2);
2073    }
2074 
2075    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2076    // Process command line options to Valgrind + tool
2077    //   p: setup_client_stack()      [for 'VG_(client_arg[cv]']
2078    //   p: setup_file_descriptors()  [for 'VG_(fd_xxx_limit)']
2079    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2080    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main",
2081                     "(main_) Process Valgrind's command line options, "
2082                     "setup logging\n");
2083    main_process_cmd_line_options ( &logging_to_fd, &xml_fname_unexpanded,
2084                                    toolname );
2085 
2086    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2087    // Zeroise the millisecond counter by doing a first read of it.
2088    //   p: none
2089    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2090    (void) VG_(read_millisecond_timer)();
2091 
2092    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2093    // Print the preamble
2094    //   p: tl_pre_clo_init            [for 'VG_(details).name' and friends]
2095    //   p: main_process_cmd_line_options()
2096    //         [for VG_(clo_verbosity), VG_(clo_xml),
2097    //          logging_to_fd, xml_fname_unexpanded]
2098    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2099    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Print the preamble...\n");
2100    print_preamble(logging_to_fd, xml_fname_unexpanded, toolname);
2101    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "...finished the preamble\n");
2102 
2103    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2104    // Init tool part 2: post_clo_init
2105    //   p: setup_client_stack()      [for 'VG_(client_arg[cv]']
2106    //   p: setup_file_descriptors()  [for 'VG_(fd_xxx_limit)']
2107    //   p: print_preamble()          [so any warnings printed in post_clo_init
2108    //                                 are shown after the preamble]
2109    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2110    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Initialise the tool part 2 (post_clo_init)\n");
2111    VG_TDICT_CALL(tool_post_clo_init);
2112    {
2113       /* The tool's "needs" will by now be finalised, since it has no
2114          further opportunity to specify them.  So now sanity check
2115          them. */
2116       const HChar* s;
2117       Bool  ok;
2118       ok = VG_(sanity_check_needs)( &s );
2119       if (!ok) {
2120          VG_(core_panic)(s);
2121       }
2122    }
2123 
2124    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2125    // Initialise translation table and translation cache
2126    //   p: aspacem         [??]
2127    //   p: tl_pre_clo_init [for 'VG_(details).avg_translation_sizeB']
2128    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2129    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Initialise TT/TC\n");
2130    VG_(init_tt_tc)();
2131 
2132    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2133    // Initialise the redirect table.
2134    //   p: init_tt_tc [so it can call VG_(search_transtab) safely]
2135    //   p: aspacem [so can change ownership of sysinfo pages]
2136    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2137    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Initialise redirects\n");
2138    VG_(redir_initialise)();
2139 
2140    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2141    // Allow GDB attach
2142    //   p: main_process_cmd_line_options()  [for VG_(clo_wait_for_gdb)]
2143    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2144    /* Hook to delay things long enough so we can get the pid and
2145       attach GDB in another shell. */
2146    if (VG_(clo_wait_for_gdb)) {
2147       ULong iters, q;
2148       VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Wait for GDB\n");
2149       VG_(printf)("pid=%d, entering delay loop\n", VG_(getpid)());
2150 
2151 #     if defined(VGP_x86_linux)
2152       iters = 10;
2153 #     elif defined(VGP_amd64_linux) || defined(VGP_ppc64be_linux) \
2154          || defined(VGP_ppc64le_linux) || defined(VGP_tilegx_linux)
2155       iters = 10;
2156 #     elif defined(VGP_ppc32_linux)
2157       iters = 5;
2158 #     elif defined(VGP_arm_linux)
2159       iters = 5;
2160 #     elif defined(VGP_arm64_linux)
2161       iters = 5;
2162 #     elif defined(VGP_s390x_linux)
2163       iters = 10;
2164 #     elif defined(VGP_mips32_linux) || defined(VGP_mips64_linux)
2165       iters = 10;
2166 #     elif defined(VGO_darwin)
2167       iters = 3;
2168 #     else
2169 #       error "Unknown plat"
2170 #     endif
2171 
2172       iters *= 1000ULL * 1000 * 1000;
2173       for (q = 0; q < iters; q++)
2174          __asm__ __volatile__("" ::: "memory","cc");
2175    }
2176 
2177    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2178    // Search for file descriptors that are inherited from our parent
2179    //   p: main_process_cmd_line_options  [for VG_(clo_track_fds)]
2180    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2181    if (VG_(clo_track_fds)) {
2182       VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Init preopened fds\n");
2183       VG_(init_preopened_fds)();
2184    }
2185 
2186    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2187    // Load debug info for the existing segments.
2188    //   p: setup_code_redirect_table [so that redirs can be recorded]
2189    //   p: mallocfree
2190    //   p: probably: setup fds and process CLOs, so that logging works
2191    //   p: initialise m_debuginfo
2192    //
2193    // While doing this, make a note of the debuginfo-handles that
2194    // come back from VG_(di_notify_mmap).
2195    // Later, in "Tell the tool about the initial client memory permissions"
2196    // (just below) we can then hand these handles off to the tool in
2197    // calls to VG_TRACK(new_mem_startup, ...).  This gives the tool the
2198    // opportunity to make further queries to m_debuginfo before the
2199    // client is started, if it wants.  We put this information into an
2200    // XArray, each handle along with the associated segment start address,
2201    // and search the XArray for the handles later, when calling
2202    // VG_TRACK(new_mem_startup, ...).
2203    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2204    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Load initial debug info\n");
2205 
2206    vg_assert(!addr2dihandle);
2207    addr2dihandle = VG_(newXA)( VG_(malloc), "main.vm.2",
2208                                VG_(free), sizeof(Addr_n_ULong) );
2209 
2210 #  if defined(VGO_linux)
2211    { Addr* seg_starts;
2212      Int   n_seg_starts;
2213      Addr_n_ULong anu;
2214 
2215      seg_starts = VG_(get_segment_starts)( SkFileC | SkFileV, &n_seg_starts );
2216      vg_assert(seg_starts && n_seg_starts >= 0);
2217 
2218      /* show them all to the debug info reader.  allow_SkFileV has to
2219         be True here so that we read info from the valgrind executable
2220         itself. */
2221      for (i = 0; i < n_seg_starts; i++) {
2222         anu.ull = VG_(di_notify_mmap)( seg_starts[i], True/*allow_SkFileV*/,
2223                                        -1/*Don't use_fd*/);
2224         /* anu.ull holds the debuginfo handle returned by di_notify_mmap,
2225            if any. */
2226         if (anu.ull > 0) {
2227            anu.a = seg_starts[i];
2228            VG_(addToXA)( addr2dihandle, &anu );
2229         }
2230      }
2231 
2232      VG_(free)( seg_starts );
2233    }
2234 #  elif defined(VGO_darwin)
2235    { Addr* seg_starts;
2236      Int   n_seg_starts;
2237      seg_starts = VG_(get_segment_starts)( SkFileC, &n_seg_starts );
2238      vg_assert(seg_starts && n_seg_starts >= 0);
2239 
2240      /* show them all to the debug info reader.
2241         Don't read from V segments (unlike Linux) */
2242      // GrP fixme really?
2243      for (i = 0; i < n_seg_starts; i++) {
2244         VG_(di_notify_mmap)( seg_starts[i], False/*don't allow_SkFileV*/,
2245                              -1/*don't use_fd*/);
2246      }
2247 
2248      VG_(free)( seg_starts );
2249    }
2250 #  else
2251 #    error Unknown OS
2252 #  endif
2253 
2254    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2255    // Tell aspacem of ownership change of the asm helpers, so that
2256    // m_translate allows them to be translated.  However, only do this
2257    // after the initial debug info read, since making a hole in the
2258    // address range for the stage2 binary confuses the debug info reader.
2259    //   p: aspacem
2260    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2261    { Bool change_ownership_v_c_OK;
2262      Addr co_start   = VG_PGROUNDDN( (Addr)&VG_(trampoline_stuff_start) );
2263      Addr co_endPlus = VG_PGROUNDUP( (Addr)&VG_(trampoline_stuff_end) );
2264      VG_(debugLog)(1,"redir",
2265                      "transfer ownership V -> C of 0x%llx .. 0x%llx\n",
2266                      (ULong)co_start, (ULong)co_endPlus-1 );
2267 
2268      change_ownership_v_c_OK
2269         = VG_(am_change_ownership_v_to_c)( co_start, co_endPlus - co_start );
2270      vg_assert(change_ownership_v_c_OK);
2271    }
2272 
2273    if (VG_(clo_xml)) {
2274       HChar buf[50];    // large enough
2275       VG_(elapsed_wallclock_time)(buf, sizeof buf);
2276       VG_(printf_xml)( "<status>\n"
2277                        "  <state>RUNNING</state>\n"
2278                        "  <time>%pS</time>\n"
2279                        "</status>\n",
2280                        buf );
2281       VG_(printf_xml)( "\n" );
2282    }
2283 
2284    VG_(init_Threads)();
2285 
2286    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2287    // Initialise the scheduler (phase 1) [generates tid_main]
2288    //   p: none, afaics
2289    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2290    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Initialise scheduler (phase 1)\n");
2291    tid_main = VG_(scheduler_init_phase1)();
2292    vg_assert(tid_main >= 0 && tid_main < VG_N_THREADS
2293              && tid_main != VG_INVALID_THREADID);
2294    /* Tell the tool about tid_main */
2295    VG_TRACK( pre_thread_ll_create, VG_INVALID_THREADID, tid_main );
2296 
2297    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2298    // Tell the tool about the initial client memory permissions
2299    //   p: aspacem
2300    //   p: mallocfree
2301    //   p: setup_client_stack
2302    //   p: setup_client_dataseg
2303    //
2304    // For each segment we tell the client about, look up in
2305    // addr2dihandle as created above, to see if there's a debuginfo
2306    // handle associated with the segment, that we can hand along
2307    // to the tool, to be helpful.
2308    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2309    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Tell tool about initial permissions\n");
2310    { Addr*     seg_starts;
2311      Int       n_seg_starts;
2312 
2313      vg_assert(addr2dihandle);
2314 
2315      /* Mark the main thread as running while we tell the tool about
2316         the client memory so that the tool can associate that memory
2317         with the main thread. */
2318      vg_assert(VG_(running_tid) == VG_INVALID_THREADID);
2319      VG_(running_tid) = tid_main;
2320 
2321      seg_starts = VG_(get_segment_starts)( SkFileC | SkAnonC | SkShmC,
2322                                            &n_seg_starts );
2323      vg_assert(seg_starts && n_seg_starts >= 0);
2324 
2325      /* Show client segments to the tool */
2326      for (i = 0; i < n_seg_starts; i++) {
2327         Word j, n;
2328         NSegment const* seg
2329            = VG_(am_find_nsegment)( seg_starts[i] );
2330         vg_assert(seg);
2331         vg_assert(seg->kind == SkFileC || seg->kind == SkAnonC ||
2332                   seg->kind == SkShmC);
2333         vg_assert(seg->start == seg_starts[i]);
2334         {
2335            VG_(debugLog)(2, "main",
2336                             "tell tool about %010lx-%010lx %c%c%c\n",
2337                              seg->start, seg->end,
2338                              seg->hasR ? 'r' : '-',
2339                              seg->hasW ? 'w' : '-',
2340                              seg->hasX ? 'x' : '-' );
2341            /* search addr2dihandle to see if we have an entry
2342               matching seg->start. */
2343            n = VG_(sizeXA)( addr2dihandle );
2344            for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
2345               Addr_n_ULong* anl = VG_(indexXA)( addr2dihandle, j );
2346               if (anl->a == seg->start) {
2347                   vg_assert(anl->ull > 0); /* check it's a valid handle */
2348                   break;
2349               }
2350            }
2351            vg_assert(j >= 0 && j <= n);
2352            VG_TRACK( new_mem_startup, seg->start, seg->end+1-seg->start,
2353                      seg->hasR, seg->hasW, seg->hasX,
2354                      /* and the retrieved debuginfo handle, if any */
2355                      j < n
2356                      ? ((Addr_n_ULong*)VG_(indexXA)( addr2dihandle, j ))->ull
2357                         : 0 );
2358         }
2359      }
2360 
2361      VG_(free)( seg_starts );
2362      VG_(deleteXA)( addr2dihandle );
2363 
2364      /* Also do the initial stack permissions. */
2365      {
2366        SSizeT inaccessible_len;
2367        NSegment const* seg
2368           = VG_(am_find_nsegment)( the_iifii.initial_client_SP );
2369        vg_assert(seg);
2370        vg_assert(seg->kind == SkAnonC);
2371        vg_assert(the_iifii.initial_client_SP >= seg->start);
2372        vg_assert(the_iifii.initial_client_SP <= seg->end);
2373 
2374        /* Stuff below the initial SP is unaddressable.  Take into
2375 	  account any ABI-mandated space below the stack pointer that
2376 	  is required (VG_STACK_REDZONE_SZB).  setup_client_stack()
2377 	  will have allocated an extra page if a red zone is required,
2378 	  to be on the safe side. */
2379        inaccessible_len = the_iifii.initial_client_SP - VG_STACK_REDZONE_SZB
2380                           - seg->start;
2381        vg_assert(inaccessible_len >= 0);
2382        if (inaccessible_len > 0)
2383           VG_TRACK( die_mem_stack,
2384                     seg->start,
2385                     inaccessible_len );
2386        VG_(debugLog)(2, "main", "mark stack inaccessible %010lx-%010lx\n",
2387                         seg->start,
2388                         the_iifii.initial_client_SP-1 - VG_STACK_REDZONE_SZB);
2389      }
2390 
2391      /* Also the assembly helpers. */
2392      VG_TRACK( new_mem_startup,
2393                (Addr)&VG_(trampoline_stuff_start),
2394                (Addr)&VG_(trampoline_stuff_end)
2395                   - (Addr)&VG_(trampoline_stuff_start),
2396                False, /* readable? */
2397                False, /* writable? */
2398                True   /* executable? */,
2399                0 /* di_handle: no associated debug info */ );
2400 
2401      /* Clear the running thread indicator */
2402      VG_(running_tid) = VG_INVALID_THREADID;
2403      vg_assert(VG_(running_tid) == VG_INVALID_THREADID);
2404 
2405      /* Darwin only: tell the tools where the client's kernel commpage
2406         is.  It would be better to do this by telling aspacemgr about
2407         it -- see the now disused record_system_memory() in
2408         initimg-darwin.c -- but that causes the sync checker to fail,
2409         since the mapping doesn't appear in the kernel-supplied
2410         process map.  So do it here instead. */
2411 #    if defined(VGP_amd64_darwin)
2412      VG_TRACK( new_mem_startup,
2413                0x7fffffe00000, 0x7ffffffff000-0x7fffffe00000,
2414                True, False, True, /* r-x */
2415                0 /* di_handle: no associated debug info */ );
2416 #    elif defined(VGP_x86_darwin)
2417      VG_TRACK( new_mem_startup,
2418                0xfffec000, 0xfffff000-0xfffec000,
2419                True, False, True, /* r-x */
2420                0 /* di_handle: no associated debug info */ );
2421 #    endif
2422    }
2423 
2424    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2425    // Initialise the scheduler (phase 2)
2426    //   p: Initialise the scheduler (phase 1) [for tid_main]
2427    //   p: setup_file_descriptors() [else VG_(safe_fd)() breaks]
2428    //   p: setup_client_stack
2429    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2430    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Initialise scheduler (phase 2)\n");
2431    { NSegment const* seg
2432         = VG_(am_find_nsegment)( the_iifii.initial_client_SP );
2433      vg_assert(seg);
2434      vg_assert(seg->kind == SkAnonC);
2435      vg_assert(the_iifii.initial_client_SP >= seg->start);
2436      vg_assert(the_iifii.initial_client_SP <= seg->end);
2437      VG_(scheduler_init_phase2)( tid_main,
2438                                  seg->end, the_iifii.clstack_max_size );
2439    }
2440 
2441    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2442    // Set up state for the root thread
2443    //   p: ?
2444    //      setup_scheduler()      [for sched-specific thread 1 stuff]
2445    //      VG_(ii_create_image)   [for 'the_iicii' initial info]
2446    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2447    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Finalise initial image\n");
2448    VG_(ii_finalise_image)( the_iifii );
2449 
2450    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2451    // Initialise the signal handling subsystem
2452    //   p: n/a
2453    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2454    // Nb: temporarily parks the saved blocking-mask in saved_sigmask.
2455    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Initialise signal management\n");
2456    /* Check that the kernel-interface signal definitions look sane */
2457    VG_(vki_do_initial_consistency_checks)();
2458    /* .. and go on to use them. */
2459    VG_(sigstartup_actions)();
2460 
2461    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2462    // Read suppression file
2463    //   p: main_process_cmd_line_options()  [for VG_(clo_suppressions)]
2464    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2465    if (VG_(needs).core_errors || VG_(needs).tool_errors) {
2466       VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Load suppressions\n");
2467       VG_(load_suppressions)();
2468    }
2469 
2470    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2471    // register client stack
2472    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2473    VG_(clstk_id) = VG_(register_stack)(VG_(clstk_start_base), VG_(clstk_end));
2474 
2475    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2476    // Show the address space state so far
2477    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2478    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "\n");
2479    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "\n");
2480    VG_(am_show_nsegments)(1,"Memory layout at client startup");
2481    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "\n");
2482    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "\n");
2483 
2484    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2485    // Run!
2486    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2487    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "Running thread 1\n");
2488 
2489    /* As a result of the following call, the last thread standing
2490       eventually winds up running shutdown_actions_NORETURN
2491       just below.  Unfortunately, simply exporting said function
2492       causes m_main to be part of a module cycle, which is pretty
2493       nonsensical.  So instead of doing that, the address of said
2494       function is stored in a global variable 'owned' by m_syswrap,
2495       and it uses that function pointer to get back here when it needs
2496       to. */
2497 
2498    /* Set continuation address. */
2499    VG_(address_of_m_main_shutdown_actions_NORETURN)
2500       = & shutdown_actions_NORETURN;
2501 
2502    /* Run the first thread, eventually ending up at the continuation
2503       address. */
2504    VG_(main_thread_wrapper_NORETURN)(1);
2505 
2506    /*NOTREACHED*/
2507    vg_assert(0);
2508 }
2509 
2510 /* Do everything which needs doing when the last thread exits or when
2511    a thread exits requesting a complete process exit.
2512 
2513    We enter here holding The Lock.  For the case VgSrc_ExitProcess we
2514    must never release it, because to do so would allow other threads
2515    to continue after the system is ostensibly shut down.  So we must
2516    go to our grave, so to speak, holding the lock.
2517 
2518    In fact, there is never any point in releasing the lock at this
2519    point - we have it, we're shutting down the entire system, and
2520    for the case VgSrc_ExitProcess doing so positively causes trouble.
2521    So don't.
2522 
2523    The final_tidyup call makes a bit of a nonsense of the ExitProcess
2524    case, since it will run the libc_freeres function, thus allowing
2525    other lurking threads to run again.  Hmm. */
2526 
2527 static
shutdown_actions_NORETURN(ThreadId tid,VgSchedReturnCode tids_schedretcode)2528 void shutdown_actions_NORETURN( ThreadId tid,
2529                                 VgSchedReturnCode tids_schedretcode )
2530 {
2531    VG_(debugLog)(1, "main", "entering VG_(shutdown_actions_NORETURN)\n");
2532    VG_(am_show_nsegments)(1,"Memory layout at client shutdown");
2533 
2534    vg_assert(VG_(is_running_thread)(tid));
2535    vg_assert(tids_schedretcode == VgSrc_ExitThread
2536 	     || tids_schedretcode == VgSrc_ExitProcess
2537              || tids_schedretcode == VgSrc_FatalSig );
2538 
2539    if (tids_schedretcode == VgSrc_ExitThread) {
2540 
2541       // We are the last surviving thread.  Right?
2542       vg_assert( VG_(count_living_threads)() == 1 );
2543 
2544       // Wait for all other threads to exit.
2545       // jrs: Huh?  but they surely are already gone
2546       VG_(reap_threads)(tid);
2547 
2548       // Clean the client up before the final report
2549       // this causes the libc_freeres function to run
2550       final_tidyup(tid);
2551 
2552       /* be paranoid */
2553       vg_assert(VG_(is_running_thread)(tid));
2554       vg_assert(VG_(count_living_threads)() == 1);
2555 
2556    } else {
2557 
2558       // We may not be the last surviving thread.  However, we
2559       // want to shut down the entire process.  We hold the lock
2560       // and we need to keep hold of it all the way out, in order
2561       // that none of the other threads ever run again.
2562       vg_assert( VG_(count_living_threads)() >= 1 );
2563 
2564       // Clean the client up before the final report
2565       // this causes the libc_freeres function to run
2566       // perhaps this is unsafe, as per comment above
2567       final_tidyup(tid);
2568 
2569       /* be paranoid */
2570       vg_assert(VG_(is_running_thread)(tid));
2571       vg_assert(VG_(count_living_threads)() >= 1);
2572    }
2573 
2574    /* Final call to gdbserver, if requested. */
2575    if (VG_(gdbserver_stop_at) (VgdbStopAt_Exit)) {
2576       VG_(umsg)("(action at exit) vgdb me ... \n");
2577       VG_(gdbserver) (tid);
2578    }
2579    VG_(threads)[tid].status = VgTs_Empty;
2580 
2581    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2582    // Finalisation: cleanup, messages, etc.  Order not so important, only
2583    // affects what order the messages come.
2584    //--------------------------------------------------------------
2585    // First thing in the post-amble is a blank line.
2586    if (VG_(clo_xml))
2587       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
2588    else if (VG_(clo_verbosity) > 0)
2589       VG_(message)(Vg_UserMsg, "\n");
2590 
2591    if (VG_(clo_xml)) {
2592       HChar buf[50];    // large enough
2593       VG_(elapsed_wallclock_time)(buf, sizeof buf);
2594       VG_(printf_xml)( "<status>\n"
2595                               "  <state>FINISHED</state>\n"
2596                               "  <time>%pS</time>\n"
2597                               "</status>\n"
2598                               "\n",
2599                               buf);
2600    }
2601 
2602    /* Print out file descriptor summary and stats. */
2603    if (VG_(clo_track_fds))
2604       VG_(show_open_fds)("at exit");
2605 
2606    /* Call the tool's finalisation function.  This makes Memcheck's
2607       leak checker run, and possibly chuck a bunch of leak errors into
2608       the error management machinery. */
2609    VG_TDICT_CALL(tool_fini, 0/*exitcode*/);
2610 
2611    /* Show the error counts. */
2612    if (VG_(clo_xml)
2613        && (VG_(needs).core_errors || VG_(needs).tool_errors)) {
2614       VG_(show_error_counts_as_XML)();
2615    }
2616 
2617    /* In XML mode, this merely prints the used suppressions. */
2618    if (VG_(needs).core_errors || VG_(needs).tool_errors)
2619       VG_(show_all_errors)(VG_(clo_verbosity), VG_(clo_xml));
2620 
2621    if (VG_(clo_xml)) {
2622       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
2623       VG_(printf_xml)("</valgrindoutput>\n");
2624       VG_(printf_xml)("\n");
2625    }
2626 
2627    VG_(sanity_check_general)( True /*include expensive checks*/ );
2628 
2629    if (VG_(clo_stats))
2630       VG_(print_all_stats)(VG_(clo_verbosity) >= 1, /* Memory stats */
2631                            False /* tool prints stats in the tool fini */);
2632 
2633    /* Show a profile of the heap(s) at shutdown.  Optionally, first
2634       throw away all the debug info, as that makes it easy to spot
2635       leaks in the debuginfo reader. */
2636    if (VG_(clo_profile_heap)) {
2637       if (0) VG_(di_discard_ALL_debuginfo)();
2638       VG_(print_arena_cc_analysis)();
2639    }
2640 
2641    /* If profiling has been requested, but with zero interval, it
2642       means "profile at the end of the run only".  In which case we
2643       need to dump the profile now. */
2644    if (VG_(clo_profyle_sbs) && VG_(clo_profyle_interval) == 0) {
2645       VG_(get_and_show_SB_profile)(0/*denoting end-of-run*/);
2646    }
2647 
2648    /* Print Vex storage stats */
2649    if (0)
2650        LibVEX_ShowAllocStats();
2651 
2652    /* Flush any output cached by previous calls to VG_(message). */
2653    VG_(message_flush)();
2654 
2655    /* Terminate gdbserver if ever it was started. We terminate it here
2656       so that it get the output above if output was redirected to
2657       gdb */
2658    VG_(gdbserver_exit) (tid, tids_schedretcode);
2659 
2660    /* Ok, finally exit in the os-specific way, according to the scheduler's
2661       return code.  In short, if the (last) thread exited by calling
2662       sys_exit, do likewise; if the (last) thread stopped due to a fatal
2663       signal, terminate the entire system with that same fatal signal. */
2664    VG_(debugLog)(1, "core_os",
2665                     "VG_(terminate_NORETURN)(tid=%lld)\n", (ULong)tid);
2666 
2667    switch (tids_schedretcode) {
2668    case VgSrc_ExitThread:  /* the normal way out (Linux) */
2669    case VgSrc_ExitProcess: /* the normal way out (Darwin) */
2670       /* Change the application return code to user's return code,
2671          if an error was found */
2672       if (VG_(clo_error_exitcode) > 0
2673           && VG_(get_n_errs_found)() > 0) {
2674          VG_(client_exit)( VG_(clo_error_exitcode) );
2675       } else {
2676          /* otherwise, return the client's exit code, in the normal
2677             way. */
2678          VG_(client_exit)( VG_(threads)[tid].os_state.exitcode );
2679       }
2680       /* NOT ALIVE HERE! */
2681       VG_(core_panic)("entered the afterlife in main() -- ExitT/P");
2682       break; /* what the hell :) */
2683 
2684    case VgSrc_FatalSig:
2685       /* We were killed by a fatal signal, so replicate the effect */
2686       vg_assert(VG_(threads)[tid].os_state.fatalsig != 0);
2687       VG_(kill_self)(VG_(threads)[tid].os_state.fatalsig);
2688       /* we shouldn't be alive at this point.  But VG_(kill_self)
2689          sometimes fails with EPERM on Darwin, for unclear reasons. */
2690 #     if defined(VGO_darwin)
2691       VG_(debugLog)(0, "main", "VG_(kill_self) failed.  Exiting normally.\n");
2692       VG_(exit)(0); /* bogus, but we really need to exit now */
2693       /* fall through .. */
2694 #     endif
2695       VG_(core_panic)("main(): signal was supposed to be fatal");
2696       break;
2697 
2698    default:
2699       VG_(core_panic)("main(): unexpected scheduler return code");
2700    }
2701 }
2702 
2703 /* -------------------- */
2704 
2705 /* Final clean-up before terminating the process.
2706    Clean up the client by calling __libc_freeres() (if requested)
2707    This is Linux-specific?
2708    GrP fixme glibc-specific, anyway
2709 */
final_tidyup(ThreadId tid)2710 static void final_tidyup(ThreadId tid)
2711 {
2712 #if !defined(VGO_darwin)
2713    Addr __libc_freeres_wrapper = VG_(client___libc_freeres_wrapper);
2714 
2715    vg_assert(VG_(is_running_thread)(tid));
2716 
2717    if ( !VG_(needs).libc_freeres ||
2718         !VG_(clo_run_libc_freeres) ||
2719         0 == __libc_freeres_wrapper )
2720       return;			/* can't/won't do it */
2721 
2722 #  if defined(VGP_ppc64be_linux)
2723    Addr r2 = VG_(get_tocptr)( __libc_freeres_wrapper );
2724    if (r2 == 0) {
2725       VG_(message)(Vg_UserMsg,
2726                    "Caught __NR_exit, but can't run __libc_freeres()\n");
2727       VG_(message)(Vg_UserMsg,
2728                    "   since cannot establish TOC pointer for it.\n");
2729       return;
2730    }
2731 #  endif
2732 
2733    if (VG_(clo_verbosity) > 2  ||
2734        VG_(clo_trace_syscalls) ||
2735        VG_(clo_trace_sched))
2736       VG_(message)(Vg_DebugMsg,
2737 		   "Caught __NR_exit; running __libc_freeres()\n");
2738 
2739    /* set thread context to point to libc_freeres_wrapper */
2740    /* ppc64be-linux note: __libc_freeres_wrapper gives us the real
2741       function entry point, not a fn descriptor, so can use it
2742       directly.  However, we need to set R2 (the toc pointer)
2743       appropriately. */
2744    VG_(set_IP)(tid, __libc_freeres_wrapper);
2745 #  if defined(VGP_ppc64be_linux)
2746    VG_(threads)[tid].arch.vex.guest_GPR2 = r2;
2747 #  elif  defined(VGP_ppc64le_linux)
2748    /* setting GPR2 but not really needed, GPR12 is needed */
2749    VG_(threads)[tid].arch.vex.guest_GPR2  = __libc_freeres_wrapper;
2750    VG_(threads)[tid].arch.vex.guest_GPR12 = __libc_freeres_wrapper;
2751 #  endif
2752    /* mips-linux note: we need to set t9 */
2753 #  if defined(VGP_mips32_linux) || defined(VGP_mips64_linux)
2754    VG_(threads)[tid].arch.vex.guest_r25 = __libc_freeres_wrapper;
2755 #  endif
2756 
2757    /* Block all blockable signals by copying the real block state into
2758       the thread's block state*/
2759    VG_(sigprocmask)(VKI_SIG_BLOCK, NULL, &VG_(threads)[tid].sig_mask);
2760    VG_(threads)[tid].tmp_sig_mask = VG_(threads)[tid].sig_mask;
2761 
2762    /* and restore handlers to default */
2763    VG_(set_default_handler)(VKI_SIGSEGV);
2764    VG_(set_default_handler)(VKI_SIGBUS);
2765    VG_(set_default_handler)(VKI_SIGILL);
2766    VG_(set_default_handler)(VKI_SIGFPE);
2767 
2768    // We were exiting, so assert that...
2769    vg_assert(VG_(is_exiting)(tid));
2770    // ...but now we're not again
2771    VG_(threads)[tid].exitreason = VgSrc_None;
2772 
2773    // run until client thread exits - ideally with LIBC_FREERES_DONE,
2774    // but exit/exitgroup/signal will do
2775    VG_(scheduler)(tid);
2776 
2777    vg_assert(VG_(is_exiting)(tid));
2778 #endif
2779 }
2780 
2781 
2782 /*====================================================================*/
2783 /*=== Getting to main() alive: LINUX                               ===*/
2784 /*====================================================================*/
2785 
2786 #if defined(VGO_linux)
2787 
2788 /* If linking of the final executables is done with glibc present,
2789    then Valgrind starts at main() above as usual, and all of the
2790    following code is irrelevant.
2791 
2792    However, this is not the intended mode of use.  The plan is to
2793    avoid linking against glibc, by giving gcc the flags
2794    -nodefaultlibs -lgcc -nostartfiles at startup.
2795 
2796    From this derive two requirements:
2797 
2798    1. gcc may emit calls to memcpy, memmove and memset to deal with
2799       structure assignments etc.  Since we have chosen to ignore all the
2800       "normal" supporting libraries, we have to provide our own
2801       implementations of them.  No problem.
2802 
2803    2. We have to provide a symbol "_start", to which the kernel
2804       hands control at startup.  Hence the code below.
2805 */
2806 
2807 /* ---------------- Requirement 1 ---------------- */
2808 
2809 void* memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, SizeT n);
memcpy(void * dest,const void * src,SizeT n)2810 void* memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, SizeT n) {
2811    return VG_(memcpy)(dest,src,n);
2812 }
2813 void* memmove(void *dest, const void *src, SizeT n);
memmove(void * dest,const void * src,SizeT n)2814 void* memmove(void *dest, const void *src, SizeT n) {
2815    return VG_(memmove)(dest,src,n);
2816 }
2817 void* memset(void *s, int c, SizeT n);
memset(void * s,int c,SizeT n)2818 void* memset(void *s, int c, SizeT n) {
2819   return VG_(memset)(s,c,n);
2820 }
2821 
2822 /* BVA: abort() for those platforms that need it (PPC and ARM). */
2823 void abort(void);
abort(void)2824 void abort(void){
2825    VG_(printf)("Something called raise().\n");
2826    vg_assert(0);
2827 }
2828 
2829 /* EAZG: ARM's EABI will call floating point exception handlers in
2830    libgcc which boil down to an abort or raise, that's usually defined
2831    in libc. Instead, define them here. */
2832 #if defined(VGP_arm_linux)
2833 void raise(void);
raise(void)2834 void raise(void){
2835    VG_(printf)("Something called raise().\n");
2836    vg_assert(0);
2837 }
2838 
2839 void __aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr0(void);
__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr0(void)2840 void __aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr0(void){
2841    VG_(printf)("Something called __aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr0()\n");
2842    vg_assert(0);
2843 }
2844 
2845 void __aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr1(void);
__aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr1(void)2846 void __aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr1(void){
2847    VG_(printf)("Something called __aeabi_unwind_cpp_pr1()\n");
2848    vg_assert(0);
2849 }
2850 #endif
2851 
2852 /* ---------------- Requirement 2 ---------------- */
2853 
2854 /* Glibc's sysdeps/i386/elf/start.S has the following gem of a
2855    comment, which explains how the stack looks right at process start
2856    (when _start is jumped to).  Hence _start passes %esp to
2857    _start_in_C_linux, which extracts argc/argv/envp and starts up
2858    correctly. */
2859 
2860 /* This is the canonical entry point, usually the first thing in the text
2861    segment.  The SVR4/i386 ABI (pages 3-31, 3-32) says that when the entry
2862    point runs, most registers' values are unspecified, except for:
2863 
2864    %edx         Contains a function pointer to be registered with `atexit'.
2865                 This is how the dynamic linker arranges to have DT_FINI
2866                 functions called for shared libraries that have been loaded
2867                 before this code runs.
2868 
2869    %esp         The stack contains the arguments and environment:
2870                 0(%esp)                 argc
2871                 4(%esp)                 argv[0]
2872                 ...
2873                 (4*argc)(%esp)          NULL
2874                 (4*(argc+1))(%esp)      envp[0]
2875                 ...
2876                                         NULL
2877 */
2878 
2879 /* The kernel hands control to _start, which extracts the initial
2880    stack pointer and calls onwards to _start_in_C_linux.  This also switches
2881    the new stack.  */
2882 #if defined(VGP_x86_linux)
2883 asm("\n"
2884     ".text\n"
2885     "\t.globl _start\n"
2886     "\t.type _start,@function\n"
2887     "_start:\n"
2888     /* set up the new stack in %eax */
2889     "\tmovl  $vgPlain_interim_stack, %eax\n"
2890     "\taddl  $"VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)", %eax\n"
2891     "\taddl  $"VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)", %eax\n"
2892     "\tsubl  $16, %eax\n"
2893     "\tandl  $~15, %eax\n"
2894     /* install it, and collect the original one */
2895     "\txchgl %eax, %esp\n"
2896     /* call _start_in_C_linux, passing it the startup %esp */
2897     "\tpushl %eax\n"
2898     "\tcall  _start_in_C_linux\n"
2899     "\thlt\n"
2900     ".previous\n"
2901 );
2902 #elif defined(VGP_amd64_linux)
2903 asm("\n"
2904     ".text\n"
2905     "\t.globl _start\n"
2906     "\t.type _start,@function\n"
2907     "_start:\n"
2908     /* set up the new stack in %rdi */
2909     "\tmovq  $vgPlain_interim_stack, %rdi\n"
2910     "\taddq  $"VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)", %rdi\n"
2911     "\taddq  $"VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)", %rdi\n"
2912     "\tandq  $~15, %rdi\n"
2913     /* install it, and collect the original one */
2914     "\txchgq %rdi, %rsp\n"
2915     /* call _start_in_C_linux, passing it the startup %rsp */
2916     "\tcall  _start_in_C_linux\n"
2917     "\thlt\n"
2918     ".previous\n"
2919 );
2920 #elif defined(VGP_ppc32_linux)
2921 asm("\n"
2922     ".text\n"
2923     "\t.globl _start\n"
2924     "\t.type _start,@function\n"
2925     "_start:\n"
2926     /* set up the new stack in r16 */
2927     "\tlis 16,vgPlain_interim_stack@ha\n"
2928     "\tla  16,vgPlain_interim_stack@l(16)\n"
2929     "\tlis    17,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)" >> 16)\n"
2930     "\tori 17,17,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)" & 0xFFFF)\n"
2931     "\tlis    18,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)" >> 16)\n"
2932     "\tori 18,18,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)" & 0xFFFF)\n"
2933     "\tadd 16,17,16\n"
2934     "\tadd 16,18,16\n"
2935     "\trlwinm 16,16,0,0,27\n"
2936     /* now r16 = &vgPlain_interim_stack + VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB +
2937        VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB rounded down to the nearest 16-byte
2938        boundary.  And r1 is the original SP.  Set the SP to r16 and
2939        call _start_in_C_linux, passing it the initial SP. */
2940     "\tmr 3,1\n"
2941     "\tmr 1,16\n"
2942     "\tbl _start_in_C_linux\n"
2943     "\ttrap\n"
2944     ".previous\n"
2945 );
2946 #elif defined(VGP_ppc64be_linux)
2947 asm("\n"
2948     /* PPC64 ELF ABI says '_start' points to a function descriptor.
2949        So we must have one, and that is what goes into the .opd section. */
2950     "\t.align 2\n"
2951     "\t.global _start\n"
2952     "\t.section \".opd\",\"aw\"\n"
2953     "\t.align 3\n"
2954     "_start:\n"
2955     "\t.quad ._start,.TOC.@tocbase,0\n"
2956     "\t.previous\n"
2957     "\t.type ._start,@function\n"
2958     "\t.global  ._start\n"
2959     "._start:\n"
2960     /* set up the new stack in r16 */
2961     "\tlis  16,   vgPlain_interim_stack@highest\n"
2962     "\tori  16,16,vgPlain_interim_stack@higher\n"
2963     "\tsldi 16,16,32\n"
2964     "\toris 16,16,vgPlain_interim_stack@h\n"
2965     "\tori  16,16,vgPlain_interim_stack@l\n"
2966     "\txor  17,17,17\n"
2967     "\tlis    17,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)" >> 16)\n"
2968     "\tori 17,17,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)" & 0xFFFF)\n"
2969     "\txor 18,18,18\n"
2970     "\tlis    18,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)" >> 16)\n"
2971     "\tori 18,18,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)" & 0xFFFF)\n"
2972     "\tadd 16,17,16\n"
2973     "\tadd 16,18,16\n"
2974     "\trldicr 16,16,0,59\n"
2975     /* now r16 = &vgPlain_interim_stack + VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB +
2976        VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB rounded down to the nearest 16-byte
2977        boundary.  And r1 is the original SP.  Set the SP to r16 and
2978        call _start_in_C_linux, passing it the initial SP. */
2979     "\tmr 3,1\n"
2980     "\tmr 1,16\n"
2981     "\tlis  14,   _start_in_C_linux@highest\n"
2982     "\tori  14,14,_start_in_C_linux@higher\n"
2983     "\tsldi 14,14,32\n"
2984     "\toris 14,14,_start_in_C_linux@h\n"
2985     "\tori  14,14,_start_in_C_linux@l\n"
2986     "\tld 14,0(14)\n"
2987     "\tmtctr 14\n"
2988     "\tbctrl\n"
2989     "\tnop\n"
2990     "\ttrap\n"
2991 );
2992 #elif defined(VGP_ppc64le_linux)
2993 /* Little Endian uses ELF version 2 but in the future may also
2994  * support other ELF versions.
2995  */
2996 asm("\n"
2997     "\t.align 2\n"
2998     "\t.global _start\n"
2999     "\t.type _start,@function\n"
3000     "_start:\n"
3001     "#if _CALL_ELF == 2    \n"
3002     "0:  addis        2,12,.TOC.-0b@ha\n"
3003     "    addi         2,2,.TOC.-0b@l\n"
3004     "    .localentry  _start, .-_start\n"
3005     "#endif \n"
3006     /* set up the new stack in r16 */
3007     "\tlis  16,   vgPlain_interim_stack@highest\n"
3008     "\tori  16,16,vgPlain_interim_stack@higher\n"
3009     "\tsldi 16,16,32\n"
3010     "\toris 16,16,vgPlain_interim_stack@h\n"
3011     "\tori  16,16,vgPlain_interim_stack@l\n"
3012     "\txor  17,17,17\n"
3013     "\tlis    17,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)" >> 16)\n"
3014     "\tori 17,17,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)" & 0xFFFF)\n"
3015     "\txor 18,18,18\n"
3016     "\tlis    18,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)" >> 16)\n"
3017     "\tori 18,18,("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)" & 0xFFFF)\n"
3018     "\tadd 16,17,16\n"
3019     "\tadd 16,18,16\n"
3020     "\trldicr 16,16,0,59\n"
3021     /* now r16 = &vgPlain_interim_stack + VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB +
3022        VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB rounded down to the nearest 16-byte
3023        boundary.  And r1 is the original SP.  Set the SP to r16 and
3024        call _start_in_C_linux, passing it the initial SP. */
3025     "\tmr 3,1\n"
3026     "\tmr 1,16\n"
3027     "\tlis  14,   _start_in_C_linux@highest\n"
3028     "\tori  14,14,_start_in_C_linux@higher\n"
3029     "\tsldi 14,14,32\n"
3030     "\toris 14,14,_start_in_C_linux@h\n"
3031     "\tori  14,14,_start_in_C_linux@l\n"
3032     "\tmtctr 14\n"
3033     "\tbctrl\n"
3034     "\tnop\n"
3035     "\ttrap\n"
3036 );
3037 #elif defined(VGP_s390x_linux)
3038 /*
3039     This is the canonical entry point, usually the first thing in the text
3040     segment. Most registers' values are unspecified, except for:
3041 
3042     %r14         Contains a function pointer to be registered with `atexit'.
3043                  This is how the dynamic linker arranges to have DT_FINI
3044                  functions called for shared libraries that have been loaded
3045                  before this code runs.
3046 
3047     %r15         The stack contains the arguments and environment:
3048                  0(%r15)              argc
3049                  8(%r15)              argv[0]
3050                  ...
3051                  (8*argc)(%r15)       NULL
3052                  (8*(argc+1))(%r15)   envp[0]
3053                  ...
3054                                       NULL
3055 */
3056 asm("\n\t"
3057     ".text\n\t"
3058     ".globl _start\n\t"
3059     ".type  _start,@function\n\t"
3060     "_start:\n\t"
3061     /* set up the new stack in %r1 */
3062     "larl   %r1,  vgPlain_interim_stack\n\t"
3063     "larl   %r5,  1f\n\t"
3064     "ag     %r1,  0(%r5)\n\t"
3065     "ag     %r1,  2f-1f(%r5)\n\t"
3066     "nill   %r1,  0xFFF0\n\t"
3067     /* install it, and collect the original one */
3068     "lgr    %r2,  %r15\n\t"
3069     "lgr    %r15, %r1\n\t"
3070     /* call _start_in_C_linux, passing it the startup %r15 */
3071     "brasl  %r14, _start_in_C_linux\n\t"
3072     /* trigger execution of an invalid opcode -> halt machine */
3073     "j      .+2\n\t"
3074     "1:   .quad "VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)"\n\t"
3075     "2:   .quad "VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)"\n\t"
3076     ".previous\n"
3077 );
3078 #elif defined(VGP_arm_linux)
3079 asm("\n"
3080     "\t.text\n"
3081     "\t.align 4\n"
3082     "\t.type _start,#function\n"
3083     "\t.global _start\n"
3084     "_start:\n"
3085     "\tldr  r0, [pc, #36]\n"
3086     "\tldr  r1, [pc, #36]\n"
3087     "\tadd  r0, r1, r0\n"
3088     "\tldr  r1, [pc, #32]\n"
3089     "\tadd  r0, r1, r0\n"
3090     "\tmvn  r1, #15\n"
3091     "\tand  r0, r0, r1\n"
3092     "\tmov  r1, sp\n"
3093     "\tmov  sp, r0\n"
3094     "\tmov  r0, r1\n"
3095     "\tb _start_in_C_linux\n"
3096     "\t.word vgPlain_interim_stack\n"
3097     "\t.word "VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)"\n"
3098     "\t.word "VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)"\n"
3099 );
3100 #elif defined(VGP_arm64_linux)
3101 asm("\n"
3102     "\t.text\n"
3103     "\t.align 2\n"
3104     "\t.type _start,#function\n"
3105     "\t.global _start\n"
3106     "_start:\n"
3107     "\tadrp x0, vgPlain_interim_stack\n"
3108     "\tadd  x0, x0, :lo12:vgPlain_interim_stack\n"
3109     // The next 2 assume that VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB fits in 32 bits
3110     "\tmov  x1, (("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)") >> 0) & 0xFFFF\n"
3111     "\tmovk x1, (("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)") >> 16) & 0xFFFF,"
3112                 " lsl 16\n"
3113     "\tadd  x0, x0, x1\n"
3114     // The next 2 assume that VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB fits in 32 bits
3115     "\tmov  x1, (("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)") >> 0) & 0xFFFF\n"
3116     "\tmovk x1, (("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)") >> 16) & 0xFFFF,"
3117                 " lsl 16\n"
3118     "\tadd  x0, x0, x1\n"
3119     "\tand  x0, x0, -16\n"
3120     "\tmov  x1, sp\n"
3121     "\tmov  sp, x0\n"
3122     "\tmov  x0, x1\n"
3123     "\tb _start_in_C_linux\n"
3124 );
3125 #elif defined(VGP_mips32_linux)
3126 asm("\n"
3127     "\t.type _gp_disp,@object\n"
3128     ".text\n"
3129     "\t.globl __start\n"
3130     "\t.type __start,@function\n"
3131     "__start:\n"
3132 
3133     "\tbal 1f\n"
3134     "\tnop\n"
3135 
3136     "1:\n"
3137 
3138     "\tlui      $28, %hi(_gp_disp)\n"
3139     "\taddiu    $28, $28, %lo(_gp_disp)\n"
3140     "\taddu     $28, $28, $31\n"
3141     /* t1/$9 <- Addr(interim_stack) */
3142     "\tlui      $9, %hi(vgPlain_interim_stack)\n"
3143     /* t1/$9 <- Addr(interim_stack) */
3144     "\taddiu    $9, %lo(vgPlain_interim_stack)\n"
3145 
3146 
3147     "\tli    $10, "VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)"\n"
3148     "\tli    $11, "VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)"\n"
3149 
3150     "\taddu     $9, $9, $10\n"
3151     "\taddu     $9, $9, $11\n"
3152     "\tli       $12, 0xFFFFFFF0\n"
3153     "\tand      $9, $9, $12\n"
3154     /* now t1/$9 = &vgPlain_interim_stack + VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB +
3155        VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB rounded down to the nearest 16-byte
3156        boundary.  And $29 is the original SP.  Set the SP to t1 and
3157        call _start_in_C, passing it the initial SP. */
3158 
3159     "\tmove    $4, $29\n"     // a0 <- $sp (_start_in_C first arg)
3160     "\tmove    $29, $9\n"     // $sp <- t1 (new sp)
3161 
3162     "\tlui     $25, %hi(_start_in_C_linux)\n"
3163     "\taddiu   $25, %lo(_start_in_C_linux)\n"
3164 
3165     "\tbal  _start_in_C_linux\n"
3166     "\tbreak  0x7\n"
3167     ".previous\n"
3168 );
3169 #elif defined(VGP_mips64_linux)
3170 asm(
3171 ".text\n"
3172 ".globl __start\n"
3173 ".type __start,@function\n"
3174 "__start:\n"
3175     "\t.set noreorder\n"
3176     "\t.cpload $25\n"
3177     "\t.set reorder\n"
3178     "\t.cprestore 16\n"
3179     "\tlui    $9, %hi(vgPlain_interim_stack)\n"
3180     /* t1/$9 <- Addr(interim_stack) */
3181     "\tdaddiu $9, %lo(vgPlain_interim_stack)\n"
3182 
3183     "\tli     $10, "VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)"\n"
3184     "\tli     $11, "VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)"\n"
3185 
3186     "\tdaddu  $9, $9, $10\n"
3187     "\tdaddu  $9, $9, $11\n"
3188     "\tli     $12, 0xFFFFFF00\n"
3189     "\tand    $9, $9, $12\n"
3190     /* now t1/$9 = &vgPlain_interim_stack + VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB +
3191        VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB rounded down to the nearest 16-byte
3192        boundary.  And $29 is the original SP.  Set the SP to t1 and
3193        call _start_in_C, passing it the initial SP. */
3194 
3195     "\tmove   $4, $29\n"     // a0 <- $sp (_start_in_C first arg)
3196     "\tmove   $29, $9\n"     // $sp <- t1 (new sp)
3197 
3198     "\tlui    $9, %highest(_start_in_C_linux)\n"
3199     "\tori    $9, %higher(_start_in_C_linux)\n"
3200     "\tdsll32 $9, $9, 0x0\n"
3201     "\tlui    $10, %hi(_start_in_C_linux)\n"
3202     "\tdaddiu $10, %lo(_start_in_C_linux)\n"
3203     "\tdaddu  $25, $9, $10\n"
3204     "\tjalr   $25\n"
3205     "\tnop\n"
3206 ".previous\n"
3207 );
3208 #elif defined(VGP_tilegx_linux)
3209 asm("\n"
3210     ".text\n"
3211     "\t.align 8\n"
3212     "\t.globl _start\n"
3213     "\t.type _start,@function\n"
3214     "_start:\n"
3215 
3216     "\tjal 1f\n"
3217     "1:\n"
3218 
3219     /* --FIXME, bundle them :) */
3220     /* r19 <- Addr(interim_stack) */
3221     "\tmoveli r19, hw2_last(vgPlain_interim_stack)\n"
3222     "\tshl16insli r19, r19, hw1(vgPlain_interim_stack)\n"
3223     "\tshl16insli r19, r19, hw0(vgPlain_interim_stack)\n"
3224 
3225     "\tmoveli r20, hw1("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)")\n"
3226     "\tshl16insli r20, r20, hw0("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)")\n"
3227     "\tmoveli r21, hw1("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)")\n"
3228     "\tshl16insli r21, r21, hw0("VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)")\n"
3229     "\tadd     r19, r19, r20\n"
3230     "\tadd     r19, r19, r21\n"
3231 
3232     "\tmovei    r12, 0x0F\n"
3233     "\tnor      r12, zero, r12\n"
3234 
3235     "\tand      r19, r19, r12\n"
3236 
3237     /* now r19 = &vgPlain_interim_stack + VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB +
3238        VG_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB rounded down to the nearest 16-byte
3239        boundary.  And $54 is the original SP.  Set the SP to r0 and
3240        call _start_in_C, passing it the initial SP. */
3241 
3242     "\tmove    r0,  r54\n"    // r0  <- $sp (_start_in_C first arg)
3243     "\tmove    r54, r19\n"    // $sp <- r19 (new sp)
3244 
3245     "\tjal  _start_in_C_linux\n"
3246 );
3247 #else
3248 #  error "Unknown linux platform"
3249 #endif
3250 
3251 /* --- !!! --- EXTERNAL HEADERS start --- !!! --- */
3252 #define _GNU_SOURCE
3253 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
3254 /* This is in order to get AT_NULL and AT_PAGESIZE. */
3255 #include <elf.h>
3256 /* --- !!! --- EXTERNAL HEADERS end --- !!! --- */
3257 
3258 /* Avoid compiler warnings: this fn _is_ used, but labelling it
3259    'static' causes gcc to complain it isn't.
3260    attribute 'used' also ensures the code is not eliminated at link
3261    time */
3262 __attribute__ ((used))
3263 void _start_in_C_linux ( UWord* pArgc );
3264 __attribute__ ((used))
_start_in_C_linux(UWord * pArgc)3265 void _start_in_C_linux ( UWord* pArgc )
3266 {
3267    Int     r;
3268    Word    argc = pArgc[0];
3269    HChar** argv = (HChar**)&pArgc[1];
3270    HChar** envp = (HChar**)&pArgc[1+argc+1];
3271 
3272    // For an inner Valgrind, register the interim stack asap.
3273    // This is needed to allow the outer valgrind to do stacktraces during init.
3274    // Note that this stack is not unregistered when the main thread
3275    // is switching to the (real) stack. Unregistering this would imply
3276    // to save the stack id in a global variable, and have a "if"
3277    // in run_a_thread_NORETURN to do the unregistration only for the
3278    // main thread. This unregistration is not worth this complexity.
3279    INNER_REQUEST
3280       ((void) VALGRIND_STACK_REGISTER
3281        (&VG_(interim_stack).bytes[0],
3282         &VG_(interim_stack).bytes[0] + sizeof(VG_(interim_stack))));
3283 
3284    VG_(memset)( &the_iicii, 0, sizeof(the_iicii) );
3285    VG_(memset)( &the_iifii, 0, sizeof(the_iifii) );
3286 
3287    the_iicii.sp_at_startup = (Addr)pArgc;
3288 
3289 #  if defined(VGP_ppc32_linux) || defined(VGP_ppc64be_linux) \
3290       || defined(VGP_ppc64le_linux) || defined(VGP_arm64_linux)
3291    {
3292       /* ppc32/ppc64 can be configured with different page sizes.
3293          Determine this early.  This is an ugly hack and really should
3294          be moved into valgrind_main. */
3295       UWord *sp = &pArgc[1+argc+1];
3296       while (*sp++ != 0)
3297          ;
3298       for (; *sp != AT_NULL && *sp != AT_PAGESZ; sp += 2);
3299       if (*sp == AT_PAGESZ) {
3300          VKI_PAGE_SIZE = sp[1];
3301          for (VKI_PAGE_SHIFT = 12;
3302               VKI_PAGE_SHIFT <= VKI_MAX_PAGE_SHIFT; VKI_PAGE_SHIFT++)
3303             if (VKI_PAGE_SIZE == (1UL << VKI_PAGE_SHIFT))
3304          break;
3305       }
3306    }
3307 #  endif
3308 
3309    r = valgrind_main( (Int)argc, argv, envp );
3310    /* NOTREACHED */
3311    VG_(exit)(r);
3312 }
3313 
3314 
3315 /*====================================================================*/
3316 /*=== Getting to main() alive: darwin                              ===*/
3317 /*====================================================================*/
3318 
3319 #elif defined(VGO_darwin)
3320 
3321 /*
3322    Memory layout established by kernel:
3323 
3324    0(%esp)   argc
3325    4(%esp)   argv[0]
3326              ...
3327              argv[argc-1]
3328              NULL
3329              envp[0]
3330              ...
3331              envp[n]
3332              NULL
3333              executable name (presumably, a pointer to it)
3334              NULL
3335 
3336    Ditto in the 64-bit case, except all offsets from SP are obviously
3337    twice as large.
3338 */
3339 
3340 /* The kernel hands control to _start, which extracts the initial
3341    stack pointer and calls onwards to _start_in_C_darwin.  This also
3342    switches to the new stack.  */
3343 #if defined(VGP_x86_darwin)
3344 asm("\n"
3345     ".text\n"
3346     ".align 2,0x90\n"
3347     "\t.globl __start\n"
3348     "__start:\n"
3349     /* set up the new stack in %eax */
3350     "\tmovl  $_vgPlain_interim_stack, %eax\n"
3351     "\taddl  $"VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)", %eax\n"
3352     "\taddl  $"VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)", %eax\n"
3353     "\tsubl  $16, %eax\n"
3354     "\tandl  $~15, %eax\n"
3355     /* install it, and collect the original one */
3356     "\txchgl %eax, %esp\n"
3357     "\tsubl  $12, %esp\n"  // keep stack 16 aligned; see #295428
3358     /* call _start_in_C_darwin, passing it the startup %esp */
3359     "\tpushl %eax\n"
3360     "\tcall  __start_in_C_darwin\n"
3361     "\tint $3\n"
3362     "\tint $3\n"
3363 );
3364 #elif defined(VGP_amd64_darwin)
3365 asm("\n"
3366     ".text\n"
3367     "\t.globl __start\n"
3368     ".align 3,0x90\n"
3369     "__start:\n"
3370     /* set up the new stack in %rdi */
3371     "\tmovabsq $_vgPlain_interim_stack, %rdi\n"
3372     "\taddq    $"VG_STRINGIFY(VG_STACK_GUARD_SZB)", %rdi\n"
3373     "\taddq    $"VG_STRINGIFY(VG_DEFAULT_STACK_ACTIVE_SZB)", %rdi\n"
3374     "\tandq    $~15, %rdi\n"
3375     /* install it, and collect the original one */
3376     "\txchgq %rdi, %rsp\n"
3377     /* call _start_in_C_darwin, passing it the startup %rsp */
3378     "\tcall  __start_in_C_darwin\n"
3379     "\tint $3\n"
3380     "\tint $3\n"
3381 );
3382 #endif
3383 
3384 void* __memcpy_chk(void *dest, const void *src, SizeT n, SizeT n2);
__memcpy_chk(void * dest,const void * src,SizeT n,SizeT n2)3385 void* __memcpy_chk(void *dest, const void *src, SizeT n, SizeT n2) {
3386     // skip check
3387    return VG_(memcpy)(dest,src,n);
3388 }
3389 void* __memset_chk(void *s, int c, SizeT n, SizeT n2);
__memset_chk(void * s,int c,SizeT n,SizeT n2)3390 void* __memset_chk(void *s, int c, SizeT n, SizeT n2) {
3391     // skip check
3392   return VG_(memset)(s,c,n);
3393 }
3394 void bzero(void *s, SizeT n);
bzero(void * s,SizeT n)3395 void bzero(void *s, SizeT n) {
3396     VG_(memset)(s,0,n);
3397 }
3398 
3399 void* memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, SizeT n);
memcpy(void * dest,const void * src,SizeT n)3400 void* memcpy(void *dest, const void *src, SizeT n) {
3401    return VG_(memcpy)(dest,src,n);
3402 }
3403 void* memset(void *s, int c, SizeT n);
memset(void * s,int c,SizeT n)3404 void* memset(void *s, int c, SizeT n) {
3405   return VG_(memset)(s,c,n);
3406 }
3407 
3408 /* Avoid compiler warnings: this fn _is_ used, but labelling it
3409    'static' causes gcc to complain it isn't. */
3410 void _start_in_C_darwin ( UWord* pArgc );
_start_in_C_darwin(UWord * pArgc)3411 void _start_in_C_darwin ( UWord* pArgc )
3412 {
3413    Int     r;
3414    Int     argc = *(Int *)pArgc;  // not pArgc[0] on LP64
3415    HChar** argv = (HChar**)&pArgc[1];
3416    HChar** envp = (HChar**)&pArgc[1+argc+1];
3417 
3418    // See _start_in_C_linux
3419    INNER_REQUEST
3420       ((void) VALGRIND_STACK_REGISTER
3421        (&VG_(interim_stack).bytes[0],
3422         &VG_(interim_stack).bytes[0] + sizeof(VG_(interim_stack))));
3423 
3424    VG_(memset)( &the_iicii, 0, sizeof(the_iicii) );
3425    VG_(memset)( &the_iifii, 0, sizeof(the_iifii) );
3426 
3427    the_iicii.sp_at_startup = (Addr)pArgc;
3428 
3429    r = valgrind_main( (Int)argc, argv, envp );
3430    /* NOTREACHED */
3431    VG_(exit)(r);
3432 }
3433 
3434 
3435 #else
3436 
3437 #  error "Unknown OS"
3438 #endif
3439 
3440 
3441 /*====================================================================*/
3442 /*=== {u,}{div,mod}di3 replacements                                ===*/
3443 /*====================================================================*/
3444 
3445 /* For static linking on x86-darwin, we need to supply our own 64-bit
3446    integer division code, else the link dies thusly:
3447 
3448    ld_classic: Undefined symbols:
3449      ___udivdi3
3450      ___umoddi3
3451 */
3452 #if defined(VGP_x86_darwin)
3453 
3454 /* Routines for doing signed/unsigned 64 x 64 ==> 64 div and mod
3455    (udivdi3, umoddi3, divdi3, moddi3) using only 32 x 32 ==> 32
3456    division.  Cobbled together from
3457 
3458    http://www.hackersdelight.org/HDcode/divlu.c
3459    http://www.hackersdelight.org/HDcode/divls.c
3460    http://www.hackersdelight.org/HDcode/newCode/divDouble.c
3461 
3462    The code from those three files is covered by the following license,
3463    as it appears at:
3464 
3465    http://www.hackersdelight.org/permissions.htm
3466 
3467       You are free to use, copy, and distribute any of the code on
3468       this web site, whether modified by you or not. You need not give
3469       attribution. This includes the algorithms (some of which appear
3470       in Hacker's Delight), the Hacker's Assistant, and any code
3471       submitted by readers. Submitters implicitly agree to this.
3472 */
3473 
3474 /* Long division, unsigned (64/32 ==> 32).
3475    This procedure performs unsigned "long division" i.e., division of a
3476 64-bit unsigned dividend by a 32-bit unsigned divisor, producing a
3477 32-bit quotient.  In the overflow cases (divide by 0, or quotient
3478 exceeds 32 bits), it returns a remainder of 0xFFFFFFFF (an impossible
3479 value).
3480    The dividend is u1 and u0, with u1 being the most significant word.
3481 The divisor is parameter v. The value returned is the quotient.
3482    Max line length is 57, to fit in hacker.book. */
3483 
nlz32(UInt x)3484 static Int nlz32(UInt x)
3485 {
3486    Int n;
3487    if (x == 0) return(32);
3488    n = 0;
3489    if (x <= 0x0000FFFF) {n = n +16; x = x <<16;}
3490    if (x <= 0x00FFFFFF) {n = n + 8; x = x << 8;}
3491    if (x <= 0x0FFFFFFF) {n = n + 4; x = x << 4;}
3492    if (x <= 0x3FFFFFFF) {n = n + 2; x = x << 2;}
3493    if (x <= 0x7FFFFFFF) {n = n + 1;}
3494    return n;
3495 }
3496 
3497 /* 64 x 32 ==> 32 unsigned division, using only 32 x 32 ==> 32
3498    division as a primitive. */
divlu2(UInt u1,UInt u0,UInt v,UInt * r)3499 static UInt divlu2(UInt u1, UInt u0, UInt v, UInt *r)
3500 {
3501    const UInt b = 65536;     // Number base (16 bits).
3502    UInt un1, un0,            // Norm. dividend LSD's.
3503         vn1, vn0,            // Norm. divisor digits.
3504         q1, q0,              // Quotient digits.
3505         un32, un21, un10,    // Dividend digit pairs.
3506         rhat;                // A remainder.
3507    Int s;                    // Shift amount for norm.
3508 
3509    if (u1 >= v) {            // If overflow, set rem.
3510       if (r != NULL)         // to an impossible value,
3511          *r = 0xFFFFFFFF;    // and return the largest
3512       return 0xFFFFFFFF;}    // possible quotient.
3513 
3514    s = nlz32(v);             // 0 <= s <= 31.
3515    v = v << s;               // Normalize divisor.
3516    vn1 = v >> 16;            // Break divisor up into
3517    vn0 = v & 0xFFFF;         // two 16-bit digits.
3518 
3519    un32 = (u1 << s) | ((u0 >> (32 - s)) & (-s >> 31));
3520    un10 = u0 << s;           // Shift dividend left.
3521 
3522    un1 = un10 >> 16;         // Break right half of
3523    un0 = un10 & 0xFFFF;      // dividend into two digits.
3524 
3525    q1 = un32/vn1;            // Compute the first
3526    rhat = un32 - q1*vn1;     // quotient digit, q1.
3527  again1:
3528    if (q1 >= b || q1*vn0 > b*rhat + un1) {
3529      q1 = q1 - 1;
3530      rhat = rhat + vn1;
3531      if (rhat < b) goto again1;}
3532 
3533    un21 = un32*b + un1 - q1*v;  // Multiply and subtract.
3534 
3535    q0 = un21/vn1;            // Compute the second
3536    rhat = un21 - q0*vn1;     // quotient digit, q0.
3537  again2:
3538    if (q0 >= b || q0*vn0 > b*rhat + un0) {
3539      q0 = q0 - 1;
3540      rhat = rhat + vn1;
3541      if (rhat < b) goto again2;}
3542 
3543    if (r != NULL)            // If remainder is wanted,
3544       *r = (un21*b + un0 - q0*v) >> s;     // return it.
3545    return q1*b + q0;
3546 }
3547 
3548 
3549 /* 64 x 32 ==> 32 signed division, using only 32 x 32 ==> 32 division
3550    as a primitive. */
divls(Int u1,UInt u0,Int v,Int * r)3551 static Int divls(Int u1, UInt u0, Int v, Int *r)
3552 {
3553    Int q, uneg, vneg, diff, borrow;
3554 
3555    uneg = u1 >> 31;          // -1 if u < 0.
3556    if (uneg) {               // Compute the absolute
3557       u0 = -u0;              // value of the dividend u.
3558       borrow = (u0 != 0);
3559       u1 = -u1 - borrow;}
3560 
3561    vneg = v >> 31;           // -1 if v < 0.
3562    v = (v ^ vneg) - vneg;    // Absolute value of v.
3563 
3564    if ((UInt)u1 >= (UInt)v) goto overflow;
3565 
3566    q = divlu2(u1, u0, v, (UInt *)r);
3567 
3568    diff = uneg ^ vneg;       // Negate q if signs of
3569    q = (q ^ diff) - diff;    // u and v differed.
3570    if (uneg && r != NULL)
3571       *r = -*r;
3572 
3573    if ((diff ^ q) < 0 && q != 0) {  // If overflow,
3574  overflow:                    // set remainder
3575       if (r != NULL)         // to an impossible value,
3576          *r = 0x80000000;    // and return the largest
3577       q = 0x80000000;}       // possible neg. quotient.
3578    return q;
3579 }
3580 
3581 
3582 
3583 /* This file contains a program for doing 64/64 ==> 64 division, on a
3584 machine that does not have that instruction but that does have
3585 instructions for "long division" (64/32 ==> 32). Code for unsigned
3586 division is given first, followed by a simple program for doing the
3587 signed version by using the unsigned version.
3588    These programs are useful in implementing "long long" (64-bit)
3589 arithmetic on a machine that has the long division instruction. It will
3590 work on 64- and 32-bit machines, provided the compiler implements long
3591 long's (64-bit integers). It is desirable that the machine have the
3592 Count Leading Zeros instruction.
3593    In the GNU world, these programs are known as __divdi3 and __udivdi3,
3594 and similar names are used here.
3595    This material is not in HD, but may be in a future edition.
3596 Max line length is 57, to fit in hacker.book. */
3597 
3598 
nlz64(ULong x)3599 static Int nlz64(ULong x)
3600 {
3601    Int n;
3602    if (x == 0) return(64);
3603    n = 0;
3604    if (x <= 0x00000000FFFFFFFFULL) {n = n + 32; x = x << 32;}
3605    if (x <= 0x0000FFFFFFFFFFFFULL) {n = n + 16; x = x << 16;}
3606    if (x <= 0x00FFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL) {n = n +  8; x = x <<  8;}
3607    if (x <= 0x0FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL) {n = n +  4; x = x <<  4;}
3608    if (x <= 0x3FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL) {n = n +  2; x = x <<  2;}
3609    if (x <= 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFULL) {n = n +  1;}
3610    return n;
3611 }
3612 
3613 // ---------------------------- udivdi3 --------------------------------
3614 
3615    /* The variables u0, u1, etc. take on only 32-bit values, but they
3616    are declared long long to avoid some compiler warning messages and to
3617    avoid some unnecessary EXTRs that the compiler would put in, to
3618    convert long longs to ints.
3619 
3620    First the procedure takes care of the case in which the divisor is a
3621    32-bit quantity. There are two subcases: (1) If the left half of the
3622    dividend is less than the divisor, one execution of DIVU is all that
3623    is required (overflow is not possible). (2) Otherwise it does two
3624    divisions, using the grade school method, with variables used as
3625    suggested below.
3626 
3627        q1 q0
3628     ________
3629    v)  u1 u0
3630      q1*v
3631      ____
3632         k u0   */
3633 
3634 /* These macros must be used with arguments of the appropriate type
3635 (unsigned long long for DIVU and long long for DIVS. They are
3636 simulations of the presumed machines ops. I.e., they look at only the
3637 low-order 32 bits of the divisor, they return garbage if the division
3638 overflows, and they return garbage in the high-order half of the
3639 quotient doubleword.
3640    In practice, these would be replaced with uses of the machine's DIVU
3641 and DIVS instructions (e.g., by using the GNU "asm" facility). */
3642 
DIVU(ULong u,UInt v)3643 static UInt DIVU ( ULong u, UInt v )
3644 {
3645   UInt uHi = (UInt)(u >> 32);
3646   UInt uLo = (UInt)u;
3647   return divlu2(uHi, uLo, v, NULL);
3648 }
3649 
DIVS(Long u,Int v)3650 static Int DIVS ( Long u, Int v )
3651 {
3652   Int  uHi = (Int)(u >> 32);
3653   UInt uLo = (UInt)u;
3654   return divls(uHi, uLo, v, NULL);
3655 }
3656 
3657 /* 64 x 64 ==> 64 unsigned division, using only 32 x 32 ==> 32
3658    division as a primitive. */
udivdi3(ULong u,ULong v)3659 static ULong udivdi3(ULong u, ULong v)
3660 {
3661    ULong u0, u1, v1, q0, q1, k, n;
3662 
3663    if (v >> 32 == 0) {          // If v < 2**32:
3664       if (u >> 32 < v)          // If u/v cannot overflow,
3665          return DIVU(u, v)      // just do one division.
3666             & 0xFFFFFFFF;
3667       else {                    // If u/v would overflow:
3668          u1 = u >> 32;          // Break u up into two
3669          u0 = u & 0xFFFFFFFF;   // halves.
3670          q1 = DIVU(u1, v)       // First quotient digit.
3671             & 0xFFFFFFFF;
3672          k = u1 - q1*v;         // First remainder, < v.
3673          q0 = DIVU((k << 32) + u0, v) // 2nd quot. digit.
3674             & 0xFFFFFFFF;
3675          return (q1 << 32) + q0;
3676       }
3677    }
3678                                 // Here v >= 2**32.
3679    n = nlz64(v);                // 0 <= n <= 31.
3680    v1 = (v << n) >> 32;         // Normalize the divisor
3681                                 // so its MSB is 1.
3682    u1 = u >> 1;                 // To ensure no overflow.
3683    q1 = DIVU(u1, v1)            // Get quotient from
3684        & 0xFFFFFFFF;            // divide unsigned insn.
3685    q0 = (q1 << n) >> 31;        // Undo normalization and
3686                                 // division of u by 2.
3687    if (q0 != 0)                 // Make q0 correct or
3688       q0 = q0 - 1;              // too small by 1.
3689    if ((u - q0*v) >= v)
3690       q0 = q0 + 1;              // Now q0 is correct.
3691    return q0;
3692 }
3693 
3694 
3695 // ----------------------------- divdi3 --------------------------------
3696 
3697 /* This routine presumes that smallish cases (those which can be done in
3698 one execution of DIVS) are common. If this is not the case, the test for
3699 this case should be deleted.
3700    Note that the test for when DIVS can be used is not entirely
3701 accurate. For example, DIVS is not used if v = 0xFFFFFFFF8000000,
3702 whereas if could be (if u is sufficiently small in magnitude). */
3703 
3704 // ------------------------------ cut ----------------------------------
3705 
my_llabs(Long x)3706 static ULong my_llabs ( Long x )
3707 {
3708    ULong t = x >> 63;
3709    return (x ^ t) - t;
3710 }
3711 
3712 /* 64 x 64 ==> 64 signed division, using only 32 x 32 ==> 32 division
3713    as a primitive. */
divdi3(Long u,Long v)3714 static Long divdi3(Long u, Long v)
3715 {
3716    ULong au, av;
3717    Long q, t;
3718    au = my_llabs(u);
3719    av = my_llabs(v);
3720    if (av >> 31 == 0) {         // If |v| < 2**31 and
3721    // if (v << 32 >> 32 == v) { // If v is in range and
3722       if (au < av << 31) {      // |u|/|v| cannot
3723          q = DIVS(u, v);        // overflow, use DIVS.
3724          return (q << 32) >> 32;
3725       }
3726    }
3727    q = udivdi3(au,av);          // Invoke udivdi3.
3728    t = (u ^ v) >> 63;           // If u, v have different
3729    return (q ^ t) - t;          // signs, negate q.
3730 }
3731 
3732 // ---------------------------- end cut --------------------------------
3733 
3734 ULong __udivdi3 (ULong u, ULong v);
__udivdi3(ULong u,ULong v)3735 ULong __udivdi3 (ULong u, ULong v)
3736 {
3737   return udivdi3(u,v);
3738 }
3739 
3740 Long __divdi3 (Long u, Long v);
__divdi3(Long u,Long v)3741 Long __divdi3 (Long u, Long v)
3742 {
3743   return divdi3(u,v);
3744 }
3745 
3746 ULong __umoddi3 (ULong u, ULong v);
__umoddi3(ULong u,ULong v)3747 ULong __umoddi3 (ULong u, ULong v)
3748 {
3749   ULong q = __udivdi3(u, v);
3750   ULong r = u - q * v;
3751   return r;
3752 }
3753 
3754 Long __moddi3 (Long u, Long v);
__moddi3(Long u,Long v)3755 Long __moddi3 (Long u, Long v)
3756 {
3757   Long q = __divdi3(u, v);
3758   Long r = u - q * v;
3759   return r;
3760 }
3761 
3762 /* ------------------------------------------------
3763    ld_classic: Undefined symbols:
3764       ___fixunsdfdi
3765    ------------------------------------------------
3766 */
3767 
3768 /* ===-- fixunsdfdi.c - Implement __fixunsdfdi -----------------------------===
3769  *
3770  *                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
3771  *
3772  * This file is dual licensed under the MIT and the University of Illinois Open
3773  * Source Licenses. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
3774  *
3775  * ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===
3776  *
3777  * This file implements __fixunsdfdi for the compiler_rt library.
3778  *
3779  * ===----------------------------------------------------------------------===
3780  */
3781 
3782 /* As per http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#GPLCompatibleLicenses,
3783 
3784    the "NCSA/University of Illinois Open Source License" is compatible
3785    with the GPL (both version 2 and 3).  What is claimed to be
3786    compatible is this
3787 
3788    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/UoI-NCSA.php
3789 
3790    and the LLVM documentation at
3791 
3792    http://www.llvm.org/docs/DeveloperPolicy.html#license
3793 
3794    says all the code in LLVM is available under the University of
3795    Illinois/NCSA Open Source License, at this URL
3796 
3797    http://www.opensource.org/licenses/UoI-NCSA.php
3798 
3799    viz, the same one that the FSF pages claim is compatible.  So I
3800    think it's OK to include it.
3801 */
3802 
3803 /* Returns: convert a to a unsigned long long, rounding toward zero.
3804  *          Negative values all become zero.
3805  */
3806 
3807 /* Assumption: double is a IEEE 64 bit floating point type
3808  *             du_int is a 64 bit integral type
3809  *             value in double is representable in du_int or is negative
3810  *                 (no range checking performed)
3811  */
3812 
3813 /* seee eeee eeee mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm | mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm mmmm */
3814 
3815 typedef unsigned long long du_int;
3816 typedef unsigned su_int;
3817 
3818 typedef union
3819 {
3820     du_int all;
3821     struct
3822     {
3823 #if VG_LITTLEENDIAN
3824         su_int low;
3825         su_int high;
3826 #else
3827         su_int high;
3828         su_int low;
3829 #endif /* VG_LITTLEENDIAN */
3830     }s;
3831 } udwords;
3832 
3833 typedef union
3834 {
3835     udwords u;
3836     double  f;
3837 } double_bits;
3838 
3839 du_int __fixunsdfdi(double a);
3840 
3841 du_int
__fixunsdfdi(double a)3842 __fixunsdfdi(double a)
3843 {
3844     double_bits fb;
3845     fb.f = a;
3846     int e = ((fb.u.s.high & 0x7FF00000) >> 20) - 1023;
3847     if (e < 0 || (fb.u.s.high & 0x80000000))
3848         return 0;
3849     udwords r;
3850     r.s.high = (fb.u.s.high & 0x000FFFFF) | 0x00100000;
3851     r.s.low = fb.u.s.low;
3852     if (e > 52)
3853         r.all <<= (e - 52);
3854     else
3855         r.all >>= (52 - e);
3856     return r.all;
3857 }
3858 
3859 
3860 #endif
3861 
3862 
3863 /*====================================================================*/
3864 /*=== Dummy _voucher_mach_msg_set for OSX 10.10                    ===*/
3865 /*====================================================================*/
3866 
3867 #if defined(VGO_darwin) && DARWIN_VERS == DARWIN_10_10
3868 
3869 /* Builds on MacOSX 10.10 seem to need this for some reason. */
3870 /* extern boolean_t voucher_mach_msg_set(mach_msg_header_t *msg)
3871                     __attribute__((weak_import));
3872    I haven't a clue what the return value means, so just return 0.
3873    Looks like none of the generated uses in the tree look at the
3874    return value anyway.
3875 */
3876 UWord voucher_mach_msg_set ( UWord arg1 );
voucher_mach_msg_set(UWord arg1)3877 UWord voucher_mach_msg_set ( UWord arg1 )
3878 {
3879    return 0;
3880 }
3881 
3882 #endif
3883 
3884 
3885 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
3886 /*--- end                                                          ---*/
3887 /*--------------------------------------------------------------------*/
3888