1 //===-- SpillPlacement.h - Optimal Spill Code Placement --------*- C++ -*--===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This analysis computes the optimal spill code placement between basic blocks.
11 //
12 // The runOnMachineFunction() method only precomputes some profiling information
13 // about the CFG. The real work is done by prepare(), addConstraints(), and
14 // finish() which are called by the register allocator.
15 //
16 // Given a variable that is live across multiple basic blocks, and given
17 // constraints on the basic blocks where the variable is live, determine which
18 // edge bundles should have the variable in a register and which edge bundles
19 // should have the variable in a stack slot.
20 //
21 // The returned bit vector can be used to place optimal spill code at basic
22 // block entries and exits. Spill code placement inside a basic block is not
23 // considered.
24 //
25 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
26 
27 #ifndef LLVM_LIB_CODEGEN_SPILLPLACEMENT_H
28 #define LLVM_LIB_CODEGEN_SPILLPLACEMENT_H
29 
30 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
31 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
32 #include "llvm/CodeGen/MachineFunctionPass.h"
33 #include "llvm/Support/BlockFrequency.h"
34 
35 namespace llvm {
36 
37 class BitVector;
38 class EdgeBundles;
39 class MachineBasicBlock;
40 class MachineLoopInfo;
41 class MachineBlockFrequencyInfo;
42 
43 class SpillPlacement : public MachineFunctionPass {
44   struct Node;
45   const MachineFunction *MF;
46   const EdgeBundles *bundles;
47   const MachineLoopInfo *loops;
48   const MachineBlockFrequencyInfo *MBFI;
49   Node *nodes;
50 
51   // Nodes that are active in the current computation. Owned by the prepare()
52   // caller.
53   BitVector *ActiveNodes;
54 
55   // Nodes with active links. Populated by scanActiveBundles.
56   SmallVector<unsigned, 8> Linked;
57 
58   // Nodes that went positive during the last call to scanActiveBundles or
59   // iterate.
60   SmallVector<unsigned, 8> RecentPositive;
61 
62   // Block frequencies are computed once. Indexed by block number.
63   SmallVector<BlockFrequency, 8> BlockFrequencies;
64 
65   /// Decision threshold. A node gets the output value 0 if the weighted sum of
66   /// its inputs falls in the open interval (-Threshold;Threshold).
67   BlockFrequency Threshold;
68 
69 public:
70   static char ID; // Pass identification, replacement for typeid.
71 
SpillPlacement()72   SpillPlacement() : MachineFunctionPass(ID), nodes(nullptr) {}
~SpillPlacement()73   ~SpillPlacement() override { releaseMemory(); }
74 
75   /// BorderConstraint - A basic block has separate constraints for entry and
76   /// exit.
77   enum BorderConstraint {
78     DontCare,  ///< Block doesn't care / variable not live.
79     PrefReg,   ///< Block entry/exit prefers a register.
80     PrefSpill, ///< Block entry/exit prefers a stack slot.
81     PrefBoth,  ///< Block entry prefers both register and stack.
82     MustSpill  ///< A register is impossible, variable must be spilled.
83   };
84 
85   /// BlockConstraint - Entry and exit constraints for a basic block.
86   struct BlockConstraint {
87     unsigned Number;            ///< Basic block number (from MBB::getNumber()).
88     BorderConstraint Entry : 8; ///< Constraint on block entry.
89     BorderConstraint Exit : 8;  ///< Constraint on block exit.
90 
91     /// True when this block changes the value of the live range. This means
92     /// the block has a non-PHI def.  When this is false, a live-in value on
93     /// the stack can be live-out on the stack without inserting a spill.
94     bool ChangesValue;
95   };
96 
97   /// prepare - Reset state and prepare for a new spill placement computation.
98   /// @param RegBundles Bit vector to receive the edge bundles where the
99   ///                   variable should be kept in a register. Each bit
100   ///                   corresponds to an edge bundle, a set bit means the
101   ///                   variable should be kept in a register through the
102   ///                   bundle. A clear bit means the variable should be
103   ///                   spilled. This vector is retained.
104   void prepare(BitVector &RegBundles);
105 
106   /// addConstraints - Add constraints and biases. This method may be called
107   /// more than once to accumulate constraints.
108   /// @param LiveBlocks Constraints for blocks that have the variable live in or
109   ///                   live out.
110   void addConstraints(ArrayRef<BlockConstraint> LiveBlocks);
111 
112   /// addPrefSpill - Add PrefSpill constraints to all blocks listed.  This is
113   /// equivalent to calling addConstraint with identical BlockConstraints with
114   /// Entry = Exit = PrefSpill, and ChangesValue = false.
115   ///
116   /// @param Blocks Array of block numbers that prefer to spill in and out.
117   /// @param Strong When true, double the negative bias for these blocks.
118   void addPrefSpill(ArrayRef<unsigned> Blocks, bool Strong);
119 
120   /// addLinks - Add transparent blocks with the given numbers.
121   void addLinks(ArrayRef<unsigned> Links);
122 
123   /// scanActiveBundles - Perform an initial scan of all bundles activated by
124   /// addConstraints and addLinks, updating their state. Add all the bundles
125   /// that now prefer a register to RecentPositive.
126   /// Prepare internal data structures for iterate.
127   /// Return true is there are any positive nodes.
128   bool scanActiveBundles();
129 
130   /// iterate - Update the network iteratively until convergence, or new bundles
131   /// are found.
132   void iterate();
133 
134   /// getRecentPositive - Return an array of bundles that became positive during
135   /// the previous call to scanActiveBundles or iterate.
getRecentPositive()136   ArrayRef<unsigned> getRecentPositive() { return RecentPositive; }
137 
138   /// finish - Compute the optimal spill code placement given the
139   /// constraints. No MustSpill constraints will be violated, and the smallest
140   /// possible number of PrefX constraints will be violated, weighted by
141   /// expected execution frequencies.
142   /// The selected bundles are returned in the bitvector passed to prepare().
143   /// @return True if a perfect solution was found, allowing the variable to be
144   ///         in a register through all relevant bundles.
145   bool finish();
146 
147   /// getBlockFrequency - Return the estimated block execution frequency per
148   /// function invocation.
getBlockFrequency(unsigned Number)149   BlockFrequency getBlockFrequency(unsigned Number) const {
150     return BlockFrequencies[Number];
151   }
152 
153 private:
154   bool runOnMachineFunction(MachineFunction&) override;
155   void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage&) const override;
156   void releaseMemory() override;
157 
158   void activate(unsigned);
159   void setThreshold(const BlockFrequency &Entry);
160 };
161 
162 } // end namespace llvm
163 
164 #endif
165