1 // Copyright 2014 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 
5 #ifndef PDFIUM_THIRD_PARTY_BASE_SAFE_MATH_H_
6 #define PDFIUM_THIRD_PARTY_BASE_SAFE_MATH_H_
7 
8 #include "safe_math_impl.h"
9 
10 namespace pdfium {
11 namespace base {
12 namespace internal {
13 
14 // CheckedNumeric implements all the logic and operators for detecting integer
15 // boundary conditions such as overflow, underflow, and invalid conversions.
16 // The CheckedNumeric type implicitly converts from floating point and integer
17 // data types, and contains overloads for basic arithmetic operations (i.e.: +,
18 // -, *, /, %).
19 //
20 // The following methods convert from CheckedNumeric to standard numeric values:
21 // IsValid() - Returns true if the underlying numeric value is valid (i.e. has
22 //             has not wrapped and is not the result of an invalid conversion).
23 // ValueOrDie() - Returns the underlying value. If the state is not valid this
24 //                call will crash on a CHECK.
25 // ValueOrDefault() - Returns the current value, or the supplied default if the
26 //                    state is not valid.
27 // ValueFloating() - Returns the underlying floating point value (valid only
28 //                   only for floating point CheckedNumeric types).
29 //
30 // Bitwise operations are explicitly not supported, because correct
31 // handling of some cases (e.g. sign manipulation) is ambiguous. Comparison
32 // operations are explicitly not supported because they could result in a crash
33 // on a CHECK condition. You should use patterns like the following for these
34 // operations:
35 // Bitwise operation:
36 //     CheckedNumeric<int> checked_int = untrusted_input_value;
37 //     int x = checked_int.ValueOrDefault(0) | kFlagValues;
38 // Comparison:
39 //   CheckedNumeric<size_t> checked_size;
40 //   CheckedNumeric<int> checked_size = untrusted_input_value;
41 //   checked_size = checked_size + HEADER LENGTH;
42 //   if (checked_size.IsValid() && checked_size.ValueOrDie() < buffer_size)
43 //     Do stuff...
44 template <typename T>
45 class CheckedNumeric {
46  public:
47   typedef T type;
48 
CheckedNumeric()49   CheckedNumeric() {}
50 
51   // Copy constructor.
52   template <typename Src>
CheckedNumeric(const CheckedNumeric<Src> & rhs)53   CheckedNumeric(const CheckedNumeric<Src>& rhs)
54       : state_(rhs.ValueUnsafe(), rhs.validity()) {}
55 
56   template <typename Src>
CheckedNumeric(Src value,RangeConstraint validity)57   CheckedNumeric(Src value, RangeConstraint validity)
58       : state_(value, validity) {}
59 
60   // This is not an explicit constructor because we implicitly upgrade regular
61   // numerics to CheckedNumerics to make them easier to use.
62   template <typename Src>
CheckedNumeric(Src value)63   CheckedNumeric(Src value)
64       : state_(value) {
65     COMPILE_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<Src>::is_specialized,
66                    argument_must_be_numeric);
67   }
68 
69   // IsValid() is the public API to test if a CheckedNumeric is currently valid.
IsValid()70   bool IsValid() const { return validity() == RANGE_VALID; }
71 
72   // ValueOrDie() The primary accessor for the underlying value. If the current
73   // state is not valid it will CHECK and crash.
ValueOrDie()74   T ValueOrDie() const {
75     CHECK(IsValid());
76     return state_.value();
77   }
78 
79   // ValueOrDefault(T default_value) A convenience method that returns the
80   // current value if the state is valid, and the supplied default_value for
81   // any other state.
ValueOrDefault(T default_value)82   T ValueOrDefault(T default_value) const {
83     return IsValid() ? state_.value() : default_value;
84   }
85 
86   // ValueFloating() - Since floating point values include their validity state,
87   // we provide an easy method for extracting them directly, without a risk of
88   // crashing on a CHECK.
ValueFloating()89   T ValueFloating() const {
90     COMPILE_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<T>::is_iec559, argument_must_be_float);
91     return CheckedNumeric<T>::cast(*this).ValueUnsafe();
92   }
93 
94   // validity() - DO NOT USE THIS IN EXTERNAL CODE - It is public right now for
95   // tests and to avoid a big matrix of friend operator overloads. But the
96   // values it returns are likely to change in the future.
97   // Returns: current validity state (i.e. valid, overflow, underflow, nan).
98   // TODO(jschuh): crbug.com/332611 Figure out and implement semantics for
99   // saturation/wrapping so we can expose this state consistently and implement
100   // saturated arithmetic.
validity()101   RangeConstraint validity() const { return state_.validity(); }
102 
103   // ValueUnsafe() - DO NOT USE THIS IN EXTERNAL CODE - It is public right now
104   // for tests and to avoid a big matrix of friend operator overloads. But the
105   // values it returns are likely to change in the future.
106   // Returns: the raw numeric value, regardless of the current state.
107   // TODO(jschuh): crbug.com/332611 Figure out and implement semantics for
108   // saturation/wrapping so we can expose this state consistently and implement
109   // saturated arithmetic.
ValueUnsafe()110   T ValueUnsafe() const { return state_.value(); }
111 
112   // Prototypes for the supported arithmetic operator overloads.
113   template <typename Src> CheckedNumeric& operator+=(Src rhs);
114   template <typename Src> CheckedNumeric& operator-=(Src rhs);
115   template <typename Src> CheckedNumeric& operator*=(Src rhs);
116   template <typename Src> CheckedNumeric& operator/=(Src rhs);
117   template <typename Src> CheckedNumeric& operator%=(Src rhs);
118 
119   CheckedNumeric operator-() const {
120     RangeConstraint validity;
121     T value = CheckedNeg(state_.value(), &validity);
122     // Negation is always valid for floating point.
123     if (std::numeric_limits<T>::is_iec559)
124       return CheckedNumeric<T>(value);
125 
126     validity = GetRangeConstraint(state_.validity() | validity);
127     return CheckedNumeric<T>(value, validity);
128   }
129 
Abs()130   CheckedNumeric Abs() const {
131     RangeConstraint validity;
132     T value = CheckedAbs(state_.value(), &validity);
133     // Absolute value is always valid for floating point.
134     if (std::numeric_limits<T>::is_iec559)
135       return CheckedNumeric<T>(value);
136 
137     validity = GetRangeConstraint(state_.validity() | validity);
138     return CheckedNumeric<T>(value, validity);
139   }
140 
141   CheckedNumeric& operator++() {
142     *this += 1;
143     return *this;
144   }
145 
146   CheckedNumeric operator++(int) {
147     CheckedNumeric value = *this;
148     *this += 1;
149     return value;
150   }
151 
152   CheckedNumeric& operator--() {
153     *this -= 1;
154     return *this;
155   }
156 
157   CheckedNumeric operator--(int) {
158     CheckedNumeric value = *this;
159     *this -= 1;
160     return value;
161   }
162 
163   // These static methods behave like a convenience cast operator targeting
164   // the desired CheckedNumeric type. As an optimization, a reference is
165   // returned when Src is the same type as T.
166   template <typename Src>
167   static CheckedNumeric<T> cast(
168       Src u,
169       typename enable_if<std::numeric_limits<Src>::is_specialized, int>::type =
170           0) {
171     return u;
172   }
173 
174   template <typename Src>
175   static CheckedNumeric<T> cast(
176       const CheckedNumeric<Src>& u,
177       typename enable_if<!is_same<Src, T>::value, int>::type = 0) {
178     return u;
179   }
180 
cast(const CheckedNumeric<T> & u)181   static const CheckedNumeric<T>& cast(const CheckedNumeric<T>& u) { return u; }
182 
183  private:
184   CheckedNumericState<T> state_;
185 };
186 
187 // This is the boilerplate for the standard arithmetic operator overloads. A
188 // macro isn't the prettiest solution, but it beats rewriting these five times.
189 // Some details worth noting are:
190 //  * We apply the standard arithmetic promotions.
191 //  * We skip range checks for floating points.
192 //  * We skip range checks for destination integers with sufficient range.
193 // TODO(jschuh): extract these out into templates.
194 #define BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(NAME, OP, COMPOUND_OP)              \
195   /* Binary arithmetic operator for CheckedNumerics of the same type. */      \
196   template <typename T>                                                       \
197   CheckedNumeric<typename ArithmeticPromotion<T>::type> operator OP(          \
198       const CheckedNumeric<T>& lhs, const CheckedNumeric<T>& rhs) {           \
199     typedef typename ArithmeticPromotion<T>::type Promotion;                  \
200     /* Floating point always takes the fast path */                           \
201     if (std::numeric_limits<T>::is_iec559)                                    \
202       return CheckedNumeric<T>(lhs.ValueUnsafe() OP rhs.ValueUnsafe());       \
203     if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<Promotion, T, T>::value)                      \
204       return CheckedNumeric<Promotion>(                                       \
205           lhs.ValueUnsafe() OP rhs.ValueUnsafe(),                             \
206           GetRangeConstraint(rhs.validity() | lhs.validity()));               \
207     RangeConstraint validity = RANGE_VALID;                                   \
208     T result = Checked##NAME(static_cast<Promotion>(lhs.ValueUnsafe()),       \
209                              static_cast<Promotion>(rhs.ValueUnsafe()),       \
210                              &validity);                                      \
211     return CheckedNumeric<Promotion>(                                         \
212         result,                                                               \
213         GetRangeConstraint(validity | lhs.validity() | rhs.validity()));      \
214   }                                                                           \
215   /* Assignment arithmetic operator implementation from CheckedNumeric. */    \
216   template <typename T>                                                       \
217   template <typename Src>                                                     \
218   CheckedNumeric<T>& CheckedNumeric<T>::operator COMPOUND_OP(Src rhs) {       \
219     *this = CheckedNumeric<T>::cast(*this) OP CheckedNumeric<Src>::cast(rhs); \
220     return *this;                                                             \
221   }                                                                           \
222   /* Binary arithmetic operator for CheckedNumeric of different type. */      \
223   template <typename T, typename Src>                                         \
224   CheckedNumeric<typename ArithmeticPromotion<T, Src>::type> operator OP(     \
225       const CheckedNumeric<Src>& lhs, const CheckedNumeric<T>& rhs) {         \
226     typedef typename ArithmeticPromotion<T, Src>::type Promotion;             \
227     if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<Promotion, T, Src>::value)                    \
228       return CheckedNumeric<Promotion>(                                       \
229           lhs.ValueUnsafe() OP rhs.ValueUnsafe(),                             \
230           GetRangeConstraint(rhs.validity() | lhs.validity()));               \
231     return CheckedNumeric<Promotion>::cast(lhs)                               \
232         OP CheckedNumeric<Promotion>::cast(rhs);                              \
233   }                                                                           \
234   /* Binary arithmetic operator for left CheckedNumeric and right numeric. */ \
235   template <typename T, typename Src>                                         \
236   CheckedNumeric<typename ArithmeticPromotion<T, Src>::type> operator OP(     \
237       const CheckedNumeric<T>& lhs, Src rhs) {                                \
238     typedef typename ArithmeticPromotion<T, Src>::type Promotion;             \
239     if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<Promotion, T, Src>::value)                    \
240       return CheckedNumeric<Promotion>(lhs.ValueUnsafe() OP rhs,              \
241                                        lhs.validity());                       \
242     return CheckedNumeric<Promotion>::cast(lhs)                               \
243         OP CheckedNumeric<Promotion>::cast(rhs);                              \
244   }                                                                           \
245   /* Binary arithmetic operator for right numeric and left CheckedNumeric. */ \
246   template <typename T, typename Src>                                         \
247   CheckedNumeric<typename ArithmeticPromotion<T, Src>::type> operator OP(     \
248       Src lhs, const CheckedNumeric<T>& rhs) {                                \
249     typedef typename ArithmeticPromotion<T, Src>::type Promotion;             \
250     if (IsIntegerArithmeticSafe<Promotion, T, Src>::value)                    \
251       return CheckedNumeric<Promotion>(lhs OP rhs.ValueUnsafe(),              \
252                                        rhs.validity());                       \
253     return CheckedNumeric<Promotion>::cast(lhs)                               \
254         OP CheckedNumeric<Promotion>::cast(rhs);                              \
255   }
256 
257 BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Add, +, += )
258 BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Sub, -, -= )
259 BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Mul, *, *= )
260 BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Div, /, /= )
261 BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS(Mod, %, %= )
262 
263 #undef BASE_NUMERIC_ARITHMETIC_OPERATORS
264 
265 }  // namespace internal
266 
267 using internal::CheckedNumeric;
268 
269 }  // namespace base
270 }  // namespace pdfium
271 
272 #endif  // PDFIUM_THIRD_PARTY_BASE_SAFE_MATH_H_
273