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29 //
30 // Author: wan@google.com (Zhanyong Wan)
31 
32 // Google Mock - a framework for writing C++ mock classes.
33 //
34 // This file defines some utilities useful for implementing Google
35 // Mock.  They are subject to change without notice, so please DO NOT
36 // USE THEM IN USER CODE.
37 
38 #ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
39 #define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
40 
41 #include <stdio.h>
42 #include <ostream>  // NOLINT
43 #include <string>
44 
45 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-generated-internal-utils.h"
46 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
47 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
48 
49 namespace testing {
50 namespace internal {
51 
52 // Converts an identifier name to a space-separated list of lower-case
53 // words.  Each maximum substring of the form [A-Za-z][a-z]*|\d+ is
54 // treated as one word.  For example, both "FooBar123" and
55 // "foo_bar_123" are converted to "foo bar 123".
56 GTEST_API_ string ConvertIdentifierNameToWords(const char* id_name);
57 
58 // PointeeOf<Pointer>::type is the type of a value pointed to by a
59 // Pointer, which can be either a smart pointer or a raw pointer.  The
60 // following default implementation is for the case where Pointer is a
61 // smart pointer.
62 template <typename Pointer>
63 struct PointeeOf {
64   // Smart pointer classes define type element_type as the type of
65   // their pointees.
66   typedef typename Pointer::element_type type;
67 };
68 // This specialization is for the raw pointer case.
69 template <typename T>
70 struct PointeeOf<T*> { typedef T type; };  // NOLINT
71 
72 // GetRawPointer(p) returns the raw pointer underlying p when p is a
73 // smart pointer, or returns p itself when p is already a raw pointer.
74 // The following default implementation is for the smart pointer case.
75 template <typename Pointer>
76 inline const typename Pointer::element_type* GetRawPointer(const Pointer& p) {
77   return p.get();
78 }
79 // This overloaded version is for the raw pointer case.
80 template <typename Element>
81 inline Element* GetRawPointer(Element* p) { return p; }
82 
83 // This comparator allows linked_ptr to be stored in sets.
84 template <typename T>
85 struct LinkedPtrLessThan {
86   bool operator()(const ::testing::internal::linked_ptr<T>& lhs,
87                   const ::testing::internal::linked_ptr<T>& rhs) const {
88     return lhs.get() < rhs.get();
89   }
90 };
91 
92 // Symbian compilation can be done with wchar_t being either a native
93 // type or a typedef.  Using Google Mock with OpenC without wchar_t
94 // should require the definition of _STLP_NO_WCHAR_T.
95 //
96 // MSVC treats wchar_t as a native type usually, but treats it as the
97 // same as unsigned short when the compiler option /Zc:wchar_t- is
98 // specified.  It defines _NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED symbol when wchar_t
99 // is a native type.
100 #if (GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN && defined(_STLP_NO_WCHAR_T)) || \
101     (defined(_MSC_VER) && !defined(_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED))
102 // wchar_t is a typedef.
103 #else
104 # define GMOCK_WCHAR_T_IS_NATIVE_ 1
105 #endif
106 
107 // signed wchar_t and unsigned wchar_t are NOT in the C++ standard.
108 // Using them is a bad practice and not portable.  So DON'T use them.
109 //
110 // Still, Google Mock is designed to work even if the user uses signed
111 // wchar_t or unsigned wchar_t (obviously, assuming the compiler
112 // supports them).
113 //
114 // To gcc,
115 //   wchar_t == signed wchar_t != unsigned wchar_t == unsigned int
116 #ifdef __GNUC__
117 // signed/unsigned wchar_t are valid types.
118 # define GMOCK_HAS_SIGNED_WCHAR_T_ 1
119 #endif
120 
121 // In what follows, we use the term "kind" to indicate whether a type
122 // is bool, an integer type (excluding bool), a floating-point type,
123 // or none of them.  This categorization is useful for determining
124 // when a matcher argument type can be safely converted to another
125 // type in the implementation of SafeMatcherCast.
126 enum TypeKind {
127   kBool, kInteger, kFloatingPoint, kOther
128 };
129 
130 // KindOf<T>::value is the kind of type T.
131 template <typename T> struct KindOf {
132   enum { value = kOther };  // The default kind.
133 };
134 
135 // This macro declares that the kind of 'type' is 'kind'.
136 #define GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(type, kind) \
137   template <> struct KindOf<type> { enum { value = kind }; }
138 
139 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(bool, kBool);
140 
141 // All standard integer types.
142 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(char, kInteger);
143 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(signed char, kInteger);
144 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(unsigned char, kInteger);
145 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(short, kInteger);  // NOLINT
146 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(unsigned short, kInteger);  // NOLINT
147 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(int, kInteger);
148 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(unsigned int, kInteger);
149 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(long, kInteger);  // NOLINT
150 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(unsigned long, kInteger);  // NOLINT
151 
152 #if GMOCK_WCHAR_T_IS_NATIVE_
153 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(wchar_t, kInteger);
154 #endif
155 
156 // Non-standard integer types.
157 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(Int64, kInteger);
158 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(UInt64, kInteger);
159 
160 // All standard floating-point types.
161 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(float, kFloatingPoint);
162 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(double, kFloatingPoint);
163 GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_(long double, kFloatingPoint);
164 
165 #undef GMOCK_DECLARE_KIND_
166 
167 // Evaluates to the kind of 'type'.
168 #define GMOCK_KIND_OF_(type) \
169   static_cast< ::testing::internal::TypeKind>( \
170       ::testing::internal::KindOf<type>::value)
171 
172 // Evaluates to true iff integer type T is signed.
173 #define GMOCK_IS_SIGNED_(T) (static_cast<T>(-1) < 0)
174 
175 // LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kFromKind, From, kToKind, To>::value
176 // is true iff arithmetic type From can be losslessly converted to
177 // arithmetic type To.
178 //
179 // It's the user's responsibility to ensure that both From and To are
180 // raw (i.e. has no CV modifier, is not a pointer, and is not a
181 // reference) built-in arithmetic types, kFromKind is the kind of
182 // From, and kToKind is the kind of To; the value is
183 // implementation-defined when the above pre-condition is violated.
184 template <TypeKind kFromKind, typename From, TypeKind kToKind, typename To>
185 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl : public false_type {};
186 
187 // Converting bool to bool is lossless.
188 template <>
189 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kBool, bool, kBool, bool>
190     : public true_type {};  // NOLINT
191 
192 // Converting bool to any integer type is lossless.
193 template <typename To>
194 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kBool, bool, kInteger, To>
195     : public true_type {};  // NOLINT
196 
197 // Converting bool to any floating-point type is lossless.
198 template <typename To>
199 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kBool, bool, kFloatingPoint, To>
200     : public true_type {};  // NOLINT
201 
202 // Converting an integer to bool is lossy.
203 template <typename From>
204 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kInteger, From, kBool, bool>
205     : public false_type {};  // NOLINT
206 
207 // Converting an integer to another non-bool integer is lossless iff
208 // the target type's range encloses the source type's range.
209 template <typename From, typename To>
210 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kInteger, From, kInteger, To>
211     : public bool_constant<
212       // When converting from a smaller size to a larger size, we are
213       // fine as long as we are not converting from signed to unsigned.
214       ((sizeof(From) < sizeof(To)) &&
215        (!GMOCK_IS_SIGNED_(From) || GMOCK_IS_SIGNED_(To))) ||
216       // When converting between the same size, the signedness must match.
217       ((sizeof(From) == sizeof(To)) &&
218        (GMOCK_IS_SIGNED_(From) == GMOCK_IS_SIGNED_(To)))> {};  // NOLINT
219 
220 #undef GMOCK_IS_SIGNED_
221 
222 // Converting an integer to a floating-point type may be lossy, since
223 // the format of a floating-point number is implementation-defined.
224 template <typename From, typename To>
225 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kInteger, From, kFloatingPoint, To>
226     : public false_type {};  // NOLINT
227 
228 // Converting a floating-point to bool is lossy.
229 template <typename From>
230 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kFloatingPoint, From, kBool, bool>
231     : public false_type {};  // NOLINT
232 
233 // Converting a floating-point to an integer is lossy.
234 template <typename From, typename To>
235 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<kFloatingPoint, From, kInteger, To>
236     : public false_type {};  // NOLINT
237 
238 // Converting a floating-point to another floating-point is lossless
239 // iff the target type is at least as big as the source type.
240 template <typename From, typename To>
241 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<
242   kFloatingPoint, From, kFloatingPoint, To>
243     : public bool_constant<sizeof(From) <= sizeof(To)> {};  // NOLINT
244 
245 // LosslessArithmeticConvertible<From, To>::value is true iff arithmetic
246 // type From can be losslessly converted to arithmetic type To.
247 //
248 // It's the user's responsibility to ensure that both From and To are
249 // raw (i.e. has no CV modifier, is not a pointer, and is not a
250 // reference) built-in arithmetic types; the value is
251 // implementation-defined when the above pre-condition is violated.
252 template <typename From, typename To>
253 struct LosslessArithmeticConvertible
254     : public LosslessArithmeticConvertibleImpl<
255   GMOCK_KIND_OF_(From), From, GMOCK_KIND_OF_(To), To> {};  // NOLINT
256 
257 // This interface knows how to report a Google Mock failure (either
258 // non-fatal or fatal).
259 class FailureReporterInterface {
260  public:
261   // The type of a failure (either non-fatal or fatal).
262   enum FailureType {
263     kNonfatal, kFatal
264   };
265 
266   virtual ~FailureReporterInterface() {}
267 
268   // Reports a failure that occurred at the given source file location.
269   virtual void ReportFailure(FailureType type, const char* file, int line,
270                              const string& message) = 0;
271 };
272 
273 // Returns the failure reporter used by Google Mock.
274 GTEST_API_ FailureReporterInterface* GetFailureReporter();
275 
276 // Asserts that condition is true; aborts the process with the given
277 // message if condition is false.  We cannot use LOG(FATAL) or CHECK()
278 // as Google Mock might be used to mock the log sink itself.  We
279 // inline this function to prevent it from showing up in the stack
280 // trace.
281 inline void Assert(bool condition, const char* file, int line,
282                    const string& msg) {
283   if (!condition) {
284     GetFailureReporter()->ReportFailure(FailureReporterInterface::kFatal,
285                                         file, line, msg);
286   }
287 }
288 inline void Assert(bool condition, const char* file, int line) {
289   Assert(condition, file, line, "Assertion failed.");
290 }
291 
292 // Verifies that condition is true; generates a non-fatal failure if
293 // condition is false.
294 inline void Expect(bool condition, const char* file, int line,
295                    const string& msg) {
296   if (!condition) {
297     GetFailureReporter()->ReportFailure(FailureReporterInterface::kNonfatal,
298                                         file, line, msg);
299   }
300 }
301 inline void Expect(bool condition, const char* file, int line) {
302   Expect(condition, file, line, "Expectation failed.");
303 }
304 
305 // Severity level of a log.
306 enum LogSeverity {
307   kInfo = 0,
308   kWarning = 1
309 };
310 
311 // Valid values for the --gmock_verbose flag.
312 
313 // All logs (informational and warnings) are printed.
314 const char kInfoVerbosity[] = "info";
315 // Only warnings are printed.
316 const char kWarningVerbosity[] = "warning";
317 // No logs are printed.
318 const char kErrorVerbosity[] = "error";
319 
320 // Returns true iff a log with the given severity is visible according
321 // to the --gmock_verbose flag.
322 GTEST_API_ bool LogIsVisible(LogSeverity severity);
323 
324 // Prints the given message to stdout iff 'severity' >= the level
325 // specified by the --gmock_verbose flag.  If stack_frames_to_skip >=
326 // 0, also prints the stack trace excluding the top
327 // stack_frames_to_skip frames.  In opt mode, any positive
328 // stack_frames_to_skip is treated as 0, since we don't know which
329 // function calls will be inlined by the compiler and need to be
330 // conservative.
331 GTEST_API_ void Log(LogSeverity severity,
332                     const string& message,
333                     int stack_frames_to_skip);
334 
335 // TODO(wan@google.com): group all type utilities together.
336 
337 // Type traits.
338 
339 // is_reference<T>::value is non-zero iff T is a reference type.
340 template <typename T> struct is_reference : public false_type {};
341 template <typename T> struct is_reference<T&> : public true_type {};
342 
343 // type_equals<T1, T2>::value is non-zero iff T1 and T2 are the same type.
344 template <typename T1, typename T2> struct type_equals : public false_type {};
345 template <typename T> struct type_equals<T, T> : public true_type {};
346 
347 // remove_reference<T>::type removes the reference from type T, if any.
348 template <typename T> struct remove_reference { typedef T type; };  // NOLINT
349 template <typename T> struct remove_reference<T&> { typedef T type; }; // NOLINT
350 
351 // Invalid<T>() returns an invalid value of type T.  This is useful
352 // when a value of type T is needed for compilation, but the statement
353 // will not really be executed (or we don't care if the statement
354 // crashes).
355 template <typename T>
356 inline T Invalid() {
357   return const_cast<typename remove_reference<T>::type&>(
358       *static_cast<volatile typename remove_reference<T>::type*>(NULL));
359 }
360 template <>
361 inline void Invalid<void>() {}
362 
363 // Given a raw type (i.e. having no top-level reference or const
364 // modifier) RawContainer that's either an STL-style container or a
365 // native array, class StlContainerView<RawContainer> has the
366 // following members:
367 //
368 //   - type is a type that provides an STL-style container view to
369 //     (i.e. implements the STL container concept for) RawContainer;
370 //   - const_reference is a type that provides a reference to a const
371 //     RawContainer;
372 //   - ConstReference(raw_container) returns a const reference to an STL-style
373 //     container view to raw_container, which is a RawContainer.
374 //   - Copy(raw_container) returns an STL-style container view of a
375 //     copy of raw_container, which is a RawContainer.
376 //
377 // This generic version is used when RawContainer itself is already an
378 // STL-style container.
379 template <class RawContainer>
380 class StlContainerView {
381  public:
382   typedef RawContainer type;
383   typedef const type& const_reference;
384 
385   static const_reference ConstReference(const RawContainer& container) {
386     // Ensures that RawContainer is not a const type.
387     testing::StaticAssertTypeEq<RawContainer,
388         GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(RawContainer)>();
389     return container;
390   }
391   static type Copy(const RawContainer& container) { return container; }
392 };
393 
394 // This specialization is used when RawContainer is a native array type.
395 template <typename Element, size_t N>
396 class StlContainerView<Element[N]> {
397  public:
398   typedef GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(Element) RawElement;
399   typedef internal::NativeArray<RawElement> type;
400   // NativeArray<T> can represent a native array either by value or by
401   // reference (selected by a constructor argument), so 'const type'
402   // can be used to reference a const native array.  We cannot
403   // 'typedef const type& const_reference' here, as that would mean
404   // ConstReference() has to return a reference to a local variable.
405   typedef const type const_reference;
406 
407   static const_reference ConstReference(const Element (&array)[N]) {
408     // Ensures that Element is not a const type.
409     testing::StaticAssertTypeEq<Element, RawElement>();
410 #if GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
411     // The Nokia Symbian compiler confuses itself in template instantiation
412     // for this call without the cast to Element*:
413     // function call '[testing::internal::NativeArray<char *>].NativeArray(
414     //     {lval} const char *[4], long, testing::internal::RelationToSource)'
415     //     does not match
416     // 'testing::internal::NativeArray<char *>::NativeArray(
417     //     char *const *, unsigned int, testing::internal::RelationToSource)'
418     // (instantiating: 'testing::internal::ContainsMatcherImpl
419     //     <const char * (&)[4]>::Matches(const char * (&)[4]) const')
420     // (instantiating: 'testing::internal::StlContainerView<char *[4]>::
421     //     ConstReference(const char * (&)[4])')
422     // (and though the N parameter type is mismatched in the above explicit
423     // conversion of it doesn't help - only the conversion of the array).
424     return type(const_cast<Element*>(&array[0]), N, kReference);
425 #else
426     return type(array, N, kReference);
427 #endif  // GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
428   }
429   static type Copy(const Element (&array)[N]) {
430 #if GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
431     return type(const_cast<Element*>(&array[0]), N, kCopy);
432 #else
433     return type(array, N, kCopy);
434 #endif  // GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
435   }
436 };
437 
438 // This specialization is used when RawContainer is a native array
439 // represented as a (pointer, size) tuple.
440 template <typename ElementPointer, typename Size>
441 class StlContainerView< ::std::tr1::tuple<ElementPointer, Size> > {
442  public:
443   typedef GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(
444       typename internal::PointeeOf<ElementPointer>::type) RawElement;
445   typedef internal::NativeArray<RawElement> type;
446   typedef const type const_reference;
447 
448   static const_reference ConstReference(
449       const ::std::tr1::tuple<ElementPointer, Size>& array) {
450     using ::std::tr1::get;
451     return type(get<0>(array), get<1>(array), kReference);
452   }
453   static type Copy(const ::std::tr1::tuple<ElementPointer, Size>& array) {
454     using ::std::tr1::get;
455     return type(get<0>(array), get<1>(array), kCopy);
456   }
457 };
458 
459 // The following specialization prevents the user from instantiating
460 // StlContainer with a reference type.
461 template <typename T> class StlContainerView<T&>;
462 
463 // Mapping from booleans to types. Similar to boost::bool_<kValue> and
464 // std::integral_constant<bool, kValue>.
465 template <bool kValue>
466 struct BooleanConstant {};
467 
468 }  // namespace internal
469 }  // namespace testing
470 
471 #endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
472