1 /*
2  *  Copyright (c) 2011 The WebRTC project authors. All Rights Reserved.
3  *
4  *  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
5  *  that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
6  *  tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
7  *  in the file PATENTS.  All contributing project authors may
8  *  be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
9  */
10 
11 #include "lpc_analysis.h"
12 #include "settings.h"
13 #include "codec.h"
14 #include "entropy_coding.h"
15 
16 #include <math.h>
17 #include <string.h>
18 
19 #define LEVINSON_EPS    1.0e-10
20 
21 
22 /* window */
23 /* Matlab generation code:
24  *  t = (1:256)/257; r = 1-(1-t).^.45; w = sin(r*pi).^3; w = w/sum(w); plot((1:256)/8, w); grid;
25  *  for k=1:16, fprintf(1, '%.8f, ', w(k*16 + (-15:0))); fprintf(1, '\n'); end
26  */
27 static const double kLpcCorrWindow[WINLEN] = {
28   0.00000000, 0.00000001, 0.00000004, 0.00000010, 0.00000020,
29   0.00000035, 0.00000055, 0.00000083, 0.00000118, 0.00000163,
30   0.00000218, 0.00000283, 0.00000361, 0.00000453, 0.00000558, 0.00000679,
31   0.00000817, 0.00000973, 0.00001147, 0.00001342, 0.00001558,
32   0.00001796, 0.00002058, 0.00002344, 0.00002657, 0.00002997,
33   0.00003365, 0.00003762, 0.00004190, 0.00004651, 0.00005144, 0.00005673,
34   0.00006236, 0.00006837, 0.00007476, 0.00008155, 0.00008875,
35   0.00009636, 0.00010441, 0.00011290, 0.00012186, 0.00013128,
36   0.00014119, 0.00015160, 0.00016252, 0.00017396, 0.00018594, 0.00019846,
37   0.00021155, 0.00022521, 0.00023946, 0.00025432, 0.00026978,
38   0.00028587, 0.00030260, 0.00031998, 0.00033802, 0.00035674,
39   0.00037615, 0.00039626, 0.00041708, 0.00043863, 0.00046092, 0.00048396,
40   0.00050775, 0.00053233, 0.00055768, 0.00058384, 0.00061080,
41   0.00063858, 0.00066720, 0.00069665, 0.00072696, 0.00075813,
42   0.00079017, 0.00082310, 0.00085692, 0.00089164, 0.00092728, 0.00096384,
43   0.00100133, 0.00103976, 0.00107914, 0.00111947, 0.00116077,
44   0.00120304, 0.00124630, 0.00129053, 0.00133577, 0.00138200,
45   0.00142924, 0.00147749, 0.00152676, 0.00157705, 0.00162836, 0.00168070,
46   0.00173408, 0.00178850, 0.00184395, 0.00190045, 0.00195799,
47   0.00201658, 0.00207621, 0.00213688, 0.00219860, 0.00226137,
48   0.00232518, 0.00239003, 0.00245591, 0.00252284, 0.00259079, 0.00265977,
49   0.00272977, 0.00280078, 0.00287280, 0.00294582, 0.00301984,
50   0.00309484, 0.00317081, 0.00324774, 0.00332563, 0.00340446,
51   0.00348421, 0.00356488, 0.00364644, 0.00372889, 0.00381220, 0.00389636,
52   0.00398135, 0.00406715, 0.00415374, 0.00424109, 0.00432920,
53   0.00441802, 0.00450754, 0.00459773, 0.00468857, 0.00478001,
54   0.00487205, 0.00496464, 0.00505775, 0.00515136, 0.00524542, 0.00533990,
55   0.00543476, 0.00552997, 0.00562548, 0.00572125, 0.00581725,
56   0.00591342, 0.00600973, 0.00610612, 0.00620254, 0.00629895,
57   0.00639530, 0.00649153, 0.00658758, 0.00668341, 0.00677894, 0.00687413,
58   0.00696891, 0.00706322, 0.00715699, 0.00725016, 0.00734266,
59   0.00743441, 0.00752535, 0.00761540, 0.00770449, 0.00779254,
60   0.00787947, 0.00796519, 0.00804963, 0.00813270, 0.00821431, 0.00829437,
61   0.00837280, 0.00844949, 0.00852436, 0.00859730, 0.00866822,
62   0.00873701, 0.00880358, 0.00886781, 0.00892960, 0.00898884,
63   0.00904542, 0.00909923, 0.00915014, 0.00919805, 0.00924283, 0.00928436,
64   0.00932252, 0.00935718, 0.00938821, 0.00941550, 0.00943890,
65   0.00945828, 0.00947351, 0.00948446, 0.00949098, 0.00949294,
66   0.00949020, 0.00948262, 0.00947005, 0.00945235, 0.00942938, 0.00940099,
67   0.00936704, 0.00932738, 0.00928186, 0.00923034, 0.00917268,
68   0.00910872, 0.00903832, 0.00896134, 0.00887763, 0.00878706,
69   0.00868949, 0.00858478, 0.00847280, 0.00835343, 0.00822653, 0.00809199,
70   0.00794970, 0.00779956, 0.00764145, 0.00747530, 0.00730103,
71   0.00711857, 0.00692787, 0.00672888, 0.00652158, 0.00630597,
72   0.00608208, 0.00584994, 0.00560962, 0.00536124, 0.00510493, 0.00484089,
73   0.00456935, 0.00429062, 0.00400505, 0.00371310, 0.00341532,
74   0.00311238, 0.00280511, 0.00249452, 0.00218184, 0.00186864,
75   0.00155690, 0.00124918, 0.00094895, 0.00066112, 0.00039320, 0.00015881
76 };
77 
WebRtcIsac_LevDurb(double * a,double * k,double * r,int order)78 double WebRtcIsac_LevDurb(double *a, double *k, double *r, int order)
79 {
80 
81   double  sum, alpha;
82   int     m, m_h, i;
83   alpha = 0; //warning -DH
84   a[0] = 1.0;
85   if (r[0] < LEVINSON_EPS) { /* if r[0] <= 0, set LPC coeff. to zero */
86     for (i = 0; i < order; i++) {
87       k[i] = 0;
88       a[i+1] = 0;
89     }
90   } else {
91     a[1] = k[0] = -r[1]/r[0];
92     alpha = r[0] + r[1] * k[0];
93     for (m = 1; m < order; m++){
94       sum = r[m + 1];
95       for (i = 0; i < m; i++){
96         sum += a[i+1] * r[m - i];
97       }
98       k[m] = -sum / alpha;
99       alpha += k[m] * sum;
100       m_h = (m + 1) >> 1;
101       for (i = 0; i < m_h; i++){
102         sum = a[i+1] + k[m] * a[m - i];
103         a[m - i] += k[m] * a[i+1];
104         a[i+1] = sum;
105       }
106       a[m+1] = k[m];
107     }
108   }
109   return alpha;
110 }
111 
112 
113 //was static before, but didn't work with MEX file
WebRtcIsac_GetVars(const double * input,const WebRtc_Word16 * pitchGains_Q12,double * oldEnergy,double * varscale)114 void WebRtcIsac_GetVars(const double *input, const WebRtc_Word16 *pitchGains_Q12,
115                        double *oldEnergy, double *varscale)
116 {
117   double nrg[4], chng, pg;
118   int k;
119 
120   double pitchGains[4]={0,0,0,0};;
121 
122   /* Calculate energies of first and second frame halfs */
123   nrg[0] = 0.0001;
124   for (k = QLOOKAHEAD/2; k < (FRAMESAMPLES_QUARTER + QLOOKAHEAD) / 2; k++) {
125     nrg[0] += input[k]*input[k];
126   }
127   nrg[1] = 0.0001;
128   for ( ; k < (FRAMESAMPLES_HALF + QLOOKAHEAD) / 2; k++) {
129     nrg[1] += input[k]*input[k];
130   }
131   nrg[2] = 0.0001;
132   for ( ; k < (FRAMESAMPLES*3/4 + QLOOKAHEAD) / 2; k++) {
133     nrg[2] += input[k]*input[k];
134   }
135   nrg[3] = 0.0001;
136   for ( ; k < (FRAMESAMPLES + QLOOKAHEAD) / 2; k++) {
137     nrg[3] += input[k]*input[k];
138   }
139 
140   /* Calculate average level change */
141   chng = 0.25 * (fabs(10.0 * log10(nrg[3] / nrg[2])) +
142                  fabs(10.0 * log10(nrg[2] / nrg[1])) +
143                  fabs(10.0 * log10(nrg[1] / nrg[0])) +
144                  fabs(10.0 * log10(nrg[0] / *oldEnergy)));
145 
146 
147   /* Find average pitch gain */
148   pg = 0.0;
149   for (k=0; k<4; k++)
150   {
151     pitchGains[k] = ((float)pitchGains_Q12[k])/4096;
152     pg += pitchGains[k];
153   }
154   pg *= 0.25;
155 
156   /* If pitch gain is low and energy constant - increase noise level*/
157   /* Matlab code:
158      pg = 0:.01:.45; plot(pg, 0.0 + 1.0 * exp( -1.0 * exp(-200.0 * pg.*pg.*pg) / (1.0 + 0.4 * 0) ))
159   */
160   *varscale = 0.0 + 1.0 * exp( -1.4 * exp(-200.0 * pg*pg*pg) / (1.0 + 0.4 * chng) );
161 
162   *oldEnergy = nrg[3];
163 }
164 
165 void
WebRtcIsac_GetVarsUB(const double * input,double * oldEnergy,double * varscale)166 WebRtcIsac_GetVarsUB(
167     const double* input,
168     double*       oldEnergy,
169     double*       varscale)
170 {
171   double nrg[4], chng;
172   int k;
173 
174   /* Calculate energies of first and second frame halfs */
175   nrg[0] = 0.0001;
176   for (k = 0; k < (FRAMESAMPLES_QUARTER) / 2; k++) {
177     nrg[0] += input[k]*input[k];
178   }
179   nrg[1] = 0.0001;
180   for ( ; k < (FRAMESAMPLES_HALF) / 2; k++) {
181     nrg[1] += input[k]*input[k];
182   }
183   nrg[2] = 0.0001;
184   for ( ; k < (FRAMESAMPLES*3/4) / 2; k++) {
185     nrg[2] += input[k]*input[k];
186   }
187   nrg[3] = 0.0001;
188   for ( ; k < (FRAMESAMPLES) / 2; k++) {
189     nrg[3] += input[k]*input[k];
190   }
191 
192   /* Calculate average level change */
193   chng = 0.25 * (fabs(10.0 * log10(nrg[3] / nrg[2])) +
194                  fabs(10.0 * log10(nrg[2] / nrg[1])) +
195                  fabs(10.0 * log10(nrg[1] / nrg[0])) +
196                  fabs(10.0 * log10(nrg[0] / *oldEnergy)));
197 
198 
199   /* If pitch gain is low and energy constant - increase noise level*/
200   /* Matlab code:
201      pg = 0:.01:.45; plot(pg, 0.0 + 1.0 * exp( -1.0 * exp(-200.0 * pg.*pg.*pg) / (1.0 + 0.4 * 0) ))
202   */
203   *varscale = exp( -1.4 / (1.0 + 0.4 * chng) );
204 
205   *oldEnergy = nrg[3];
206 }
207 
WebRtcIsac_GetLpcCoefLb(double * inLo,double * inHi,MaskFiltstr * maskdata,double signal_noise_ratio,const WebRtc_Word16 * pitchGains_Q12,double * lo_coeff,double * hi_coeff)208 void WebRtcIsac_GetLpcCoefLb(double *inLo, double *inHi, MaskFiltstr *maskdata,
209                              double signal_noise_ratio, const WebRtc_Word16 *pitchGains_Q12,
210                              double *lo_coeff, double *hi_coeff)
211 {
212   int k, n, j, pos1, pos2;
213   double varscale;
214 
215   double DataLo[WINLEN], DataHi[WINLEN];
216   double corrlo[ORDERLO+2], corrlo2[ORDERLO+1];
217   double corrhi[ORDERHI+1];
218   double k_veclo[ORDERLO], k_vechi[ORDERHI];
219 
220   double a_LO[ORDERLO+1], a_HI[ORDERHI+1];
221   double tmp, res_nrg;
222 
223   double FwdA, FwdB;
224 
225   /* hearing threshold level in dB; higher value gives more noise */
226   const double HearThresOffset = -28.0;
227 
228   /* bandwdith expansion factors for low- and high band */
229   const double gammaLo = 0.9;
230   const double gammaHi = 0.8;
231 
232   /* less-noise-at-low-frequencies factor */
233   double aa;
234 
235 
236   /* convert from dB to signal level */
237   const double H_T_H = pow(10.0, 0.05 * HearThresOffset);
238   double S_N_R = pow(10.0, 0.05 * signal_noise_ratio) / 3.46;    /* divide by sqrt(12) */
239 
240   /* change quallevel depending on pitch gains and level fluctuations */
241   WebRtcIsac_GetVars(inLo, pitchGains_Q12, &(maskdata->OldEnergy), &varscale);
242 
243   /* less-noise-at-low-frequencies factor */
244   aa = 0.35 * (0.5 + 0.5 * varscale);
245 
246   /* replace data in buffer by new look-ahead data */
247   for (pos1 = 0; pos1 < QLOOKAHEAD; pos1++)
248     maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1 + WINLEN - QLOOKAHEAD] = inLo[pos1];
249 
250   for (k = 0; k < SUBFRAMES; k++) {
251 
252     /* Update input buffer and multiply signal with window */
253     for (pos1 = 0; pos1 < WINLEN - UPDATE/2; pos1++) {
254       maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1 + UPDATE/2];
255       maskdata->DataBufferHi[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferHi[pos1 + UPDATE/2];
256       DataLo[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1] * kLpcCorrWindow[pos1];
257       DataHi[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferHi[pos1] * kLpcCorrWindow[pos1];
258     }
259     pos2 = k * UPDATE/2;
260     for (n = 0; n < UPDATE/2; n++, pos1++) {
261       maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1] = inLo[QLOOKAHEAD + pos2];
262       maskdata->DataBufferHi[pos1] = inHi[pos2++];
263       DataLo[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1] * kLpcCorrWindow[pos1];
264       DataHi[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferHi[pos1] * kLpcCorrWindow[pos1];
265     }
266 
267     /* Get correlation coefficients */
268     WebRtcIsac_AutoCorr(corrlo, DataLo, WINLEN, ORDERLO+1); /* computing autocorrelation */
269     WebRtcIsac_AutoCorr(corrhi, DataHi, WINLEN, ORDERHI);
270 
271 
272     /* less noise for lower frequencies, by filtering/scaling autocorrelation sequences */
273     corrlo2[0] = (1.0+aa*aa) * corrlo[0] - 2.0*aa * corrlo[1];
274     tmp = (1.0 + aa*aa);
275     for (n = 1; n <= ORDERLO; n++) {
276       corrlo2[n] = tmp * corrlo[n] - aa * (corrlo[n-1] + corrlo[n+1]);
277     }
278     tmp = (1.0+aa) * (1.0+aa);
279     for (n = 0; n <= ORDERHI; n++) {
280       corrhi[n] = tmp * corrhi[n];
281     }
282 
283     /* add white noise floor */
284     corrlo2[0] += 1e-6;
285     corrhi[0] += 1e-6;
286 
287 
288     FwdA = 0.01;
289     FwdB = 0.01;
290 
291     /* recursive filtering of correlation over subframes */
292     for (n = 0; n <= ORDERLO; n++) {
293       maskdata->CorrBufLo[n] = FwdA * maskdata->CorrBufLo[n] + corrlo2[n];
294       corrlo2[n] = ((1.0-FwdA)*FwdB) * maskdata->CorrBufLo[n] + (1.0-FwdB) * corrlo2[n];
295     }
296     for (n = 0; n <= ORDERHI; n++) {
297       maskdata->CorrBufHi[n] = FwdA * maskdata->CorrBufHi[n] + corrhi[n];
298       corrhi[n] = ((1.0-FwdA)*FwdB) * maskdata->CorrBufHi[n] + (1.0-FwdB) * corrhi[n];
299     }
300 
301     /* compute prediction coefficients */
302     WebRtcIsac_LevDurb(a_LO, k_veclo, corrlo2, ORDERLO);
303     WebRtcIsac_LevDurb(a_HI, k_vechi, corrhi, ORDERHI);
304 
305     /* bandwidth expansion */
306     tmp = gammaLo;
307     for (n = 1; n <= ORDERLO; n++) {
308       a_LO[n] *= tmp;
309       tmp *= gammaLo;
310     }
311 
312     /* residual energy */
313     res_nrg = 0.0;
314     for (j = 0; j <= ORDERLO; j++) {
315       for (n = 0; n <= j; n++) {
316         res_nrg += a_LO[j] * corrlo2[j-n] * a_LO[n];
317       }
318       for (n = j+1; n <= ORDERLO; n++) {
319         res_nrg += a_LO[j] * corrlo2[n-j] * a_LO[n];
320       }
321     }
322 
323     /* add hearing threshold and compute the gain */
324     *lo_coeff++ = S_N_R / (sqrt(res_nrg) / varscale + H_T_H);
325 
326     /* copy coefficients to output array */
327     for (n = 1; n <= ORDERLO; n++) {
328       *lo_coeff++ = a_LO[n];
329     }
330 
331 
332     /* bandwidth expansion */
333     tmp = gammaHi;
334     for (n = 1; n <= ORDERHI; n++) {
335       a_HI[n] *= tmp;
336       tmp *= gammaHi;
337     }
338 
339     /* residual energy */
340     res_nrg = 0.0;
341     for (j = 0; j <= ORDERHI; j++) {
342       for (n = 0; n <= j; n++) {
343         res_nrg += a_HI[j] * corrhi[j-n] * a_HI[n];
344       }
345       for (n = j+1; n <= ORDERHI; n++) {
346         res_nrg += a_HI[j] * corrhi[n-j] * a_HI[n];
347       }
348     }
349 
350     /* add hearing threshold and compute of the gain */
351     *hi_coeff++ = S_N_R / (sqrt(res_nrg) / varscale + H_T_H);
352 
353     /* copy coefficients to output array */
354     for (n = 1; n <= ORDERHI; n++) {
355       *hi_coeff++ = a_HI[n];
356     }
357   }
358 }
359 
360 
361 
362 /******************************************************************************
363  * WebRtcIsac_GetLpcCoefUb()
364  *
365  * Compute LP coefficients and correlation coefficients. At 12 kHz LP
366  * coefficients of the first and the last sub-frame is computed. At 16 kHz
367  * LP coefficients of 4th, 8th and 12th sub-frames are computed. We always
368  * compute correlation coefficients of all sub-frames.
369  *
370  * Inputs:
371  *       -inSignal           : Input signal
372  *       -maskdata           : a structure keeping signal from previous frame.
373  *       -bandwidth          : specifies if the codec is in 0-16 kHz mode or
374  *                             0-12 kHz mode.
375  *
376  * Outputs:
377  *       -lpCoeff            : pointer to a buffer where A-polynomials are
378  *                             written to (first coeff is 1 and it is not
379  *                             written)
380  *       -corrMat            : a matrix where correlation coefficients of each
381  *                             sub-frame are written to one row.
382  *       -varscale           : a scale used to compute LPC gains.
383  */
384 void
WebRtcIsac_GetLpcCoefUb(double * inSignal,MaskFiltstr * maskdata,double * lpCoeff,double corrMat[][UB_LPC_ORDER+1],double * varscale,WebRtc_Word16 bandwidth)385 WebRtcIsac_GetLpcCoefUb(
386     double*      inSignal,
387     MaskFiltstr* maskdata,
388     double*      lpCoeff,
389     double       corrMat[][UB_LPC_ORDER + 1],
390     double*      varscale,
391     WebRtc_Word16  bandwidth)
392 {
393   int frameCntr, activeFrameCntr, n, pos1, pos2;
394   WebRtc_Word16 criterion1;
395   WebRtc_Word16 criterion2;
396   WebRtc_Word16 numSubFrames = SUBFRAMES * (1 + (bandwidth == isac16kHz));
397   double data[WINLEN];
398   double corrSubFrame[UB_LPC_ORDER+2];
399   double reflecCoeff[UB_LPC_ORDER];
400 
401   double aPolynom[UB_LPC_ORDER+1];
402   double tmp;
403 
404   /* bandwdith expansion factors */
405   const double gamma = 0.9;
406 
407   /* change quallevel depending on pitch gains and level fluctuations */
408   WebRtcIsac_GetVarsUB(inSignal, &(maskdata->OldEnergy), varscale);
409 
410   /* replace data in buffer by new look-ahead data */
411   for(frameCntr = 0, activeFrameCntr = 0; frameCntr < numSubFrames;
412       frameCntr++)
413   {
414     if(frameCntr == SUBFRAMES)
415     {
416       // we are in 16 kHz
417       varscale++;
418       WebRtcIsac_GetVarsUB(&inSignal[FRAMESAMPLES_HALF],
419                           &(maskdata->OldEnergy), varscale);
420     }
421     /* Update input buffer and multiply signal with window */
422     for(pos1 = 0; pos1 < WINLEN - UPDATE/2; pos1++)
423     {
424       maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1 +
425                                                             UPDATE/2];
426       data[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1] * kLpcCorrWindow[pos1];
427     }
428     pos2 = frameCntr * UPDATE/2;
429     for(n = 0; n < UPDATE/2; n++, pos1++, pos2++)
430     {
431       maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1] = inSignal[pos2];
432       data[pos1] = maskdata->DataBufferLo[pos1] * kLpcCorrWindow[pos1];
433     }
434 
435     /* Get correlation coefficients */
436     /* computing autocorrelation    */
437     WebRtcIsac_AutoCorr(corrSubFrame, data, WINLEN, UB_LPC_ORDER+1);
438     memcpy(corrMat[frameCntr], corrSubFrame,
439            (UB_LPC_ORDER+1)*sizeof(double));
440 
441     criterion1 = ((frameCntr == 0) || (frameCntr == (SUBFRAMES - 1))) &&
442         (bandwidth == isac12kHz);
443     criterion2 = (((frameCntr+1) % 4) == 0) &&
444         (bandwidth == isac16kHz);
445     if(criterion1 || criterion2)
446     {
447       /* add noise */
448       corrSubFrame[0] += 1e-6;
449       /* compute prediction coefficients */
450       WebRtcIsac_LevDurb(aPolynom, reflecCoeff, corrSubFrame,
451                         UB_LPC_ORDER);
452 
453       /* bandwidth expansion */
454       tmp = gamma;
455       for (n = 1; n <= UB_LPC_ORDER; n++)
456       {
457         *lpCoeff++ = aPolynom[n] * tmp;
458         tmp *= gamma;
459       }
460       activeFrameCntr++;
461     }
462   }
463 }
464 
465 
466 
467 /******************************************************************************
468  * WebRtcIsac_GetLpcGain()
469  *
470  * Compute the LPC gains for each sub-frame, given the LPC of each sub-frame
471  * and the corresponding correlation coefficients.
472  *
473  * Inputs:
474  *       -signal_noise_ratio : the desired SNR in dB.
475  *       -numVecs            : number of sub-frames
476  *       -corrMat             : a matrix of correlation coefficients where
477  *                             each row is a set of correlation coefficients of
478  *                             one sub-frame.
479  *       -varscale           : a scale computed when WebRtcIsac_GetLpcCoefUb()
480  *                             is called.
481  *
482  * Outputs:
483  *       -gain               : pointer to a buffer where LP gains are written.
484  *
485  */
486 void
WebRtcIsac_GetLpcGain(double signal_noise_ratio,const double * filtCoeffVecs,int numVecs,double * gain,double corrMat[][UB_LPC_ORDER+1],const double * varscale)487 WebRtcIsac_GetLpcGain(
488     double        signal_noise_ratio,
489     const double* filtCoeffVecs,
490     int           numVecs,
491     double*       gain,
492     double        corrMat[][UB_LPC_ORDER + 1],
493     const double* varscale)
494 {
495   WebRtc_Word16 j, n;
496   WebRtc_Word16 subFrameCntr;
497   double aPolynom[ORDERLO + 1];
498   double res_nrg;
499 
500   const double HearThresOffset = -28.0;
501   const double H_T_H = pow(10.0, 0.05 * HearThresOffset);
502   /* divide by sqrt(12) = 3.46 */
503   const double S_N_R = pow(10.0, 0.05 * signal_noise_ratio) / 3.46;
504 
505   aPolynom[0] = 1;
506   for(subFrameCntr = 0; subFrameCntr < numVecs; subFrameCntr++)
507   {
508     if(subFrameCntr == SUBFRAMES)
509     {
510       // we are in second half of a SWB frame. use new varscale
511       varscale++;
512     }
513     memcpy(&aPolynom[1], &filtCoeffVecs[(subFrameCntr * (UB_LPC_ORDER + 1)) +
514                                         1], sizeof(double) * UB_LPC_ORDER);
515 
516     /* residual energy */
517     res_nrg = 0.0;
518     for(j = 0; j <= UB_LPC_ORDER; j++)
519     {
520       for(n = 0; n <= j; n++)
521       {
522         res_nrg += aPolynom[j] * corrMat[subFrameCntr][j-n] *
523             aPolynom[n];
524       }
525       for(n = j+1; n <= UB_LPC_ORDER; n++)
526       {
527         res_nrg += aPolynom[j] * corrMat[subFrameCntr][n-j] *
528             aPolynom[n];
529       }
530     }
531 
532     /* add hearing threshold and compute the gain */
533     gain[subFrameCntr] = S_N_R / (sqrt(res_nrg) / *varscale + H_T_H);
534   }
535 }
536