1 /* ls.c - list files
2  *
3  * Copyright 2012 Andre Renaud <andre@bluewatersys.com>
4  * Copyright 2012 Rob Landley <rob@landley.net>
5  *
6  * See http://opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/ls.html
7 
8 USE_LS(NEWTOY(ls, USE_LS_COLOR("(color):;")USE_LS_Z("Z")"goACFHLRSacdfiklmnpqrstux1[-Cxm1][-Cxml][-Cxmo][-Cxmg][-cu][-ftS][-HL]", TOYFLAG_BIN|TOYFLAG_LOCALE))
9 
10 config LS
11   bool "ls"
12   default y
13   help
14     usage: ls [-ACFHLRSacdfiklmnpqrstux1] [directory...]
15     list files
16 
17     what to show:
18     -a	all files including .hidden		-c  use ctime for timestamps
19     -d	directory, not contents			-i  inode number
20     -k	block sizes in kilobytes		-p  put a '/' after dir names
21     -q	unprintable chars as '?'		-s  size (in blocks)
22     -u	use access time for timestamps		-A  list all files but . and ..
23     -H	follow command line symlinks		-L  follow symlinks
24     -R	recursively list files in subdirs	-F  append /dir *exe @sym |FIFO
25 
26     output formats:
27     -1	list one file per line			-C  columns (sorted vertically)
28     -g	like -l but no owner			-l  long (show full details)
29     -m	comma separated				-n  like -l but numeric uid/gid
30     -o	like -l but no group			-x  columns (horizontal sort)
31 
32     sorting (default is alphabetical):
33     -f	unsorted	-r  reverse	-t  timestamp	-S  size
34 
35 config LS_Z
36   bool
37   default y
38   depends on LS && (TOYBOX_SELINUX || TOYBOX_SMACK)
39   help
40     usage: ls [-Z]
41 
42     -Z	security context
43 
44 config LS_COLOR
45   bool "ls --color"
46   default y
47   depends on LS
48   help
49     usage: ls --color[=auto]
50 
51     --color  device=yellow  symlink=turquoise/red  dir=blue  socket=purple
52              files: exe=green  suid=red  suidfile=redback  stickydir=greenback
53              =auto means detect if output is a tty.
54 */
55 
56 #define FOR_ls
57 #include "toys.h"
58 
59 // test sst output (suid/sticky in ls flaglist)
60 
61 // ls -lR starts .: then ./subdir:
62 
GLOBALS(char * color;struct dirtree * files;unsigned screen_width;int nl_title;char uid_buf[12],gid_buf[12];)63 GLOBALS(
64   char *color;
65 
66   struct dirtree *files;
67 
68   unsigned screen_width;
69   int nl_title;
70   char uid_buf[12], gid_buf[12];
71 )
72 
73 // Does two things: 1) Returns wcwidth(utf8) version of strlen,
74 // 2) replaces unprintable characters input string with '?' wildcard char.
75 int strwidth(char *s)
76 {
77   int total = 0, width, len;
78   wchar_t c;
79 
80   if (!CFG_TOYBOX_I18N) {
81     total = strlen(s);
82     if (toys.optflags & FLAG_q) for (; *s; s++) if (!isprint(*s)) *s = '?';
83   } else while (*s) {
84     len = mbrtowc(&c, s, MB_CUR_MAX, 0);
85     if (len < 1 || (width = wcwidth(c)) < 0) {
86       total++;
87       if (toys.optflags & FLAG_q) *s = '?';
88       s++;
89     } else {
90       s += len;
91       total += width;
92     }
93   }
94 
95   return total;
96 }
97 
endtype(struct stat * st)98 static char endtype(struct stat *st)
99 {
100   mode_t mode = st->st_mode;
101   if ((toys.optflags&(FLAG_F|FLAG_p)) && S_ISDIR(mode)) return '/';
102   if (toys.optflags & FLAG_F) {
103     if (S_ISLNK(mode)) return '@';
104     if (S_ISREG(mode) && (mode&0111)) return '*';
105     if (S_ISFIFO(mode)) return '|';
106     if (S_ISSOCK(mode)) return '=';
107   }
108   return 0;
109 }
110 
getusername(uid_t uid)111 static char *getusername(uid_t uid)
112 {
113   struct passwd *pw = getpwuid(uid);
114 
115   sprintf(TT.uid_buf, "%u", (unsigned)uid);
116   return pw ? pw->pw_name : TT.uid_buf;
117 }
118 
getgroupname(gid_t gid)119 static char *getgroupname(gid_t gid)
120 {
121   struct group *gr = getgrgid(gid);
122 
123   sprintf(TT.gid_buf, "%u", (unsigned)gid);
124   return gr ? gr->gr_name : TT.gid_buf;
125 }
126 
numlen(long long ll)127 static int numlen(long long ll)
128 {
129   return snprintf(0, 0, "%llu", ll);
130 }
131 
132 // measure/print SELinux/smack security label. (If pad=0, just measure.)
seclabel(struct dirtree * dt,int pad)133 static unsigned seclabel(struct dirtree *dt, int pad)
134 {
135   if (CFG_TOYBOX_SELINUX) {
136     char* path = dirtree_path(dt, 0);
137     char* label = 0;
138     size_t len;
139 
140     lgetfilecon(path, &label);
141     if (!label) {
142       label = strdup("?");
143     }
144 
145     len = strlen(label);
146     if (pad) printf(" %*s "+(pad>0), pad, label);
147 
148     free(label);
149     free(path);
150     return len;
151   } else if (CFG_TOYBOX_SMACK) {
152     int fd = openat(dirtree_parentfd(dt), dt->name, O_PATH|O_NOFOLLOW);
153     char buf[SMACK_LABEL_LEN+1];
154     ssize_t len = 1;
155 
156     strcpy(buf, "?");
157     if (fd != -1) {
158       len = fgetxattr(fd, XATTR_NAME_SMACK, pad?buf:0, pad?SMACK_LABEL_LEN:0);
159       close(fd);
160 
161       if (len<1 || len>SMACK_LABEL_LEN) len = 0;
162       else buf[len] = 0;
163     }
164     if (pad) printf(" %*s "+(pad>0), pad, buf);
165 
166     return len;
167   }
168 }
169 
170 // Figure out size of printable entry fields for display indent/wrap
171 
entrylen(struct dirtree * dt,unsigned * len)172 static void entrylen(struct dirtree *dt, unsigned *len)
173 {
174   struct stat *st = &(dt->st);
175   unsigned flags = toys.optflags;
176 
177   *len = strwidth(dt->name);
178   if (endtype(st)) ++*len;
179   if (flags & FLAG_m) ++*len;
180 
181   len[1] = (flags & FLAG_i) ? numlen(st->st_ino) : 0;
182   if (flags & (FLAG_l|FLAG_o|FLAG_n|FLAG_g)) {
183     unsigned fn = flags & FLAG_n;
184     len[2] = numlen(st->st_nlink);
185     len[3] = fn ? numlen(st->st_uid) : strwidth(getusername(st->st_uid));
186     len[4] = fn ? numlen(st->st_gid) : strwidth(getgroupname(st->st_gid));
187     if (S_ISBLK(st->st_mode) || S_ISCHR(st->st_mode)) {
188       // cheating slightly here: assuming minor is always 3 digits to avoid
189       // tracking another column
190       len[5] = numlen(major(st->st_rdev))+5;
191     } else len[5] = numlen(st->st_size);
192   }
193 
194   len[6] = (flags & FLAG_s) ? numlen(st->st_blocks) : 0;
195   len[7] = (CFG_LS_Z && (flags & FLAG_Z)) ? seclabel(dt, 0) : 0;
196 }
197 
compare(void * a,void * b)198 static int compare(void *a, void *b)
199 {
200   struct dirtree *dta = *(struct dirtree **)a;
201   struct dirtree *dtb = *(struct dirtree **)b;
202   int ret = 0, reverse = (toys.optflags & FLAG_r) ? -1 : 1;
203 
204   if (toys.optflags & FLAG_S) {
205     if (dta->st.st_size > dtb->st.st_size) ret = -1;
206     else if (dta->st.st_size < dtb->st.st_size) ret = 1;
207   }
208   if (toys.optflags & FLAG_t) {
209     if (dta->st.st_mtime > dtb->st.st_mtime) ret = -1;
210     else if (dta->st.st_mtime < dtb->st.st_mtime) ret = 1;
211   }
212   if (!ret) ret = strcmp(dta->name, dtb->name);
213   return ret * reverse;
214 }
215 
216 // callback from dirtree_recurse() determining how to handle this entry.
217 
filter(struct dirtree * new)218 static int filter(struct dirtree *new)
219 {
220   int flags = toys.optflags;
221 
222   // Special case to handle enormous dirs without running out of memory.
223   if (flags == (FLAG_1|FLAG_f)) {
224     xprintf("%s\n", new->name);
225     return 0;
226   }
227 
228   if (flags & FLAG_u) new->st.st_mtime = new->st.st_atime;
229   if (flags & FLAG_c) new->st.st_mtime = new->st.st_ctime;
230   if (flags & FLAG_k) new->st.st_blocks = (new->st.st_blocks + 1) / 2;
231 
232   if (flags & (FLAG_a|FLAG_f)) return DIRTREE_SAVE;
233   if (!(flags & FLAG_A) && new->name[0]=='.') return 0;
234 
235   return dirtree_notdotdot(new) & DIRTREE_SAVE;
236 }
237 
238 // For column view, calculate horizontal position (for padding) and return
239 // index of next entry to display.
240 
next_column(unsigned long ul,unsigned long dtlen,unsigned columns,unsigned * xpos)241 static unsigned long next_column(unsigned long ul, unsigned long dtlen,
242   unsigned columns, unsigned *xpos)
243 {
244   unsigned long transition;
245   unsigned height, widecols;
246 
247   // Horizontal sort is easy
248   if (!(toys.optflags & FLAG_C)) {
249     *xpos = ul % columns;
250     return ul;
251   }
252 
253   // vertical sort
254 
255   // For -x, calculate height of display, rounded up
256   height = (dtlen+columns-1)/columns;
257 
258   // Sanity check: does wrapping render this column count impossible
259   // due to the right edge wrapping eating a whole row?
260   if (height*columns - dtlen >= height) {
261     *xpos = columns;
262     return 0;
263   }
264 
265   // Uneven rounding goes along right edge
266   widecols = dtlen % height;
267   if (!widecols) widecols = height;
268   transition = widecols * columns;
269   if (ul < transition) {
270     *xpos =  ul % columns;
271     return (*xpos*height) + (ul/columns);
272   }
273 
274   ul -= transition;
275   *xpos = ul % (columns-1);
276 
277   return (*xpos*height) + widecols + (ul/(columns-1));
278 }
279 
color_from_mode(mode_t mode)280 int color_from_mode(mode_t mode)
281 {
282   int color = 0;
283 
284   if (S_ISDIR(mode)) color = 256+34;
285   else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) color = 256+36;
286   else if (S_ISBLK(mode) || S_ISCHR(mode)) color = 256+33;
287   else if (S_ISREG(mode) && (mode&0111)) color = 256+32;
288   else if (S_ISFIFO(mode)) color = 33;
289   else if (S_ISSOCK(mode)) color = 256+35;
290 
291   return color;
292 }
293 
294 // Display a list of dirtree entries, according to current format
295 // Output types -1, -l, -C, or stream
296 
listfiles(int dirfd,struct dirtree * indir)297 static void listfiles(int dirfd, struct dirtree *indir)
298 {
299   struct dirtree *dt, **sort;
300   unsigned long dtlen, ul = 0;
301   unsigned width, flags = toys.optflags, totals[8], len[8], totpad = 0,
302     *colsizes = (unsigned *)(toybuf+260), columns = (sizeof(toybuf)-260)/4;
303 
304   memset(totals, 0, sizeof(totals));
305 
306   // Silently descend into single directory listed by itself on command line.
307   // In this case only show dirname/total header when given -R.
308   if (!indir->parent) {
309     if (!(dt = indir->child)) return;
310     if (S_ISDIR(dt->st.st_mode) && !dt->next && !(flags & FLAG_d)) {
311       dt->extra = 1;
312       listfiles(open(dt->name, 0), dt);
313 
314       return;
315     }
316   } else {
317     // Read directory contents. We dup() the fd because this will close it.
318     indir->data = dup(dirfd);
319     dirtree_recurse(indir, filter, DIRTREE_SYMFOLLOW*!!(flags&FLAG_L));
320   }
321 
322   // Copy linked list to array and sort it. Directories go in array because
323   // we visit them in sorted order too. (The nested loops let us measure and
324   // fill with the same inner loop.)
325   for (sort = 0;;sort = xmalloc(dtlen*sizeof(void *))) {
326     for (dtlen = 0, dt = indir->child; dt; dt = dt->next, dtlen++)
327       if (sort) sort[dtlen] = dt;
328     if (sort) break;
329   }
330 
331   // Label directory if not top of tree, or if -R
332   if (indir->parent && (!indir->extra || (flags & FLAG_R)))
333   {
334     char *path = dirtree_path(indir, 0);
335 
336     if (TT.nl_title++) xputc('\n');
337     xprintf("%s:\n", path);
338     free(path);
339   }
340 
341   // Measure each entry to work out whitespace padding and total blocks
342   if (!(flags & FLAG_f)) {
343     unsigned long long blocks = 0;
344 
345     qsort(sort, dtlen, sizeof(void *), (void *)compare);
346     for (ul = 0; ul<dtlen; ul++) {
347       entrylen(sort[ul], len);
348       for (width = 0; width<8; width++)
349         if (len[width]>totals[width]) totals[width] = len[width];
350       blocks += sort[ul]->st.st_blocks;
351     }
352     totpad = totals[1]+!!totals[1]+totals[6]+!!totals[6]+totals[7]+!!totals[7];
353     if (flags & (FLAG_l|FLAG_o|FLAG_n|FLAG_g|FLAG_s) && indir->parent)
354       xprintf("total %llu\n", blocks);
355   }
356 
357   // Find largest entry in each field for display alignment
358   if (flags & (FLAG_C|FLAG_x)) {
359 
360     // columns can't be more than toybuf can hold, or more than files,
361     // or > 1/2 screen width (one char filename, one space).
362     if (columns > TT.screen_width/2) columns = TT.screen_width/2;
363     if (columns > dtlen) columns = dtlen;
364 
365     // Try to fit as many columns as we can, dropping down by one each time
366     for (;columns > 1; columns--) {
367       unsigned c, totlen = columns;
368 
369       memset(colsizes, 0, columns*sizeof(unsigned));
370       for (ul=0; ul<dtlen; ul++) {
371         entrylen(sort[next_column(ul, dtlen, columns, &c)], len);
372         *len += totpad;
373         if (c == columns) break;
374         // Expand this column if necessary, break if that puts us over budget
375         if (*len > colsizes[c]) {
376           totlen += (*len)-colsizes[c];
377           colsizes[c] = *len;
378           if (totlen > TT.screen_width) break;
379         }
380       }
381       // If everything fit, stop here
382       if (ul == dtlen) break;
383     }
384   }
385 
386   // Loop through again to produce output.
387   memset(toybuf, ' ', 256);
388   width = 0;
389   for (ul = 0; ul<dtlen; ul++) {
390     unsigned curcol, color = 0;
391     unsigned long next = next_column(ul, dtlen, columns, &curcol);
392     struct stat *st = &(sort[next]->st);
393     mode_t mode = st->st_mode;
394     char et = endtype(st);
395 
396     // Skip directories at the top of the tree when -d isn't set
397     if (S_ISDIR(mode) && !indir->parent && !(flags & FLAG_d)) continue;
398     TT.nl_title=1;
399 
400     // Handle padding and wrapping for display purposes
401     entrylen(sort[next], len);
402     if (ul) {
403       if (flags & FLAG_m) xputc(',');
404       if (flags & (FLAG_C|FLAG_x)) {
405         if (!curcol) xputc('\n');
406       } else if ((flags & FLAG_1) || width+1+*len > TT.screen_width) {
407         xputc('\n');
408         width = 0;
409       } else {
410         xputc(' ');
411         width++;
412       }
413     }
414     width += *len;
415 
416     if (flags & FLAG_i)
417       xprintf("%*lu ", totals[1], (unsigned long)st->st_ino);
418     if (flags & FLAG_s)
419       xprintf("%*lu ", totals[6], (unsigned long)st->st_blocks);
420 
421     if (flags & (FLAG_l|FLAG_o|FLAG_n|FLAG_g)) {
422       struct tm *tm;
423       char perm[11], thyme[64], *usr, *upad, *grp, *grpad;
424 
425       mode_to_string(mode, perm);
426 
427       if (flags&FLAG_o) grp = grpad = toybuf+256;
428       else {
429         if (flags&FLAG_n) sprintf(grp = thyme, "%u", (unsigned)st->st_gid);
430         else strwidth(grp = getgroupname(st->st_gid));
431         grpad = toybuf+256-(totals[4]-len[4]);
432       }
433 
434       if (flags&FLAG_g) usr = upad = toybuf+256;
435       else {
436         upad = toybuf+255-(totals[3]-len[3]);
437         if (flags&FLAG_n) sprintf(usr = TT.uid_buf, "%u", (unsigned)st->st_uid);
438         else strwidth(usr = getusername(st->st_uid));
439       }
440 
441       // Coerce the st types into something we know we can print.
442       printf("%s% *ld %s%s%s%s", perm, totals[2]+1, (long)st->st_nlink,
443              usr, upad, grp, grpad);
444 
445       if (CFG_LS_Z && (flags & FLAG_Z)) seclabel(sort[next], -(int)totals[7]);
446 
447       if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode))
448         printf("% *d,% 4d", totals[5]-4, major(st->st_rdev),minor(st->st_rdev));
449       else printf("% *lld", totals[5]+1, (long long)st->st_size);
450 
451       tm = localtime(&(st->st_mtime));
452       strftime(thyme, sizeof(thyme), "%F %H:%M", tm);
453       xprintf(" %s ", thyme);
454     } else if (CFG_LS_Z && (flags & FLAG_Z)) seclabel(sort[next], totals[7]);
455 
456     if (flags & FLAG_color) {
457       color = color_from_mode(st->st_mode);
458       if (color) printf("\033[%d;%dm", color>>8, color&255);
459     }
460 
461     if (flags & FLAG_q) {
462       char *p;
463       for (p=sort[next]->name; *p; p++) fputc(isprint(*p) ? *p : '?', stdout);
464     } else xprintf("%s", sort[next]->name);
465     if (color) xprintf("\033[0m");
466 
467     if ((flags & (FLAG_l|FLAG_o|FLAG_n|FLAG_g)) && S_ISLNK(mode)) {
468       printf(" -> ");
469       if (flags & FLAG_color) {
470         struct stat st2;
471 
472         if (fstatat(dirfd, sort[next]->symlink, &st2, 0)) color = 256+31;
473         else color = color_from_mode(st2.st_mode);
474 
475         if (color) printf("\033[%d;%dm", color>>8, color&255);
476       }
477 
478       printf("%s", sort[next]->symlink);
479       if (color) printf("\033[0m");
480     }
481 
482     if (et) xputc(et);
483 
484     // Pad columns
485     if (flags & (FLAG_C|FLAG_x)) {
486       curcol = colsizes[curcol]-(*len)-totpad;
487       if (curcol < 255) xprintf("%s", toybuf+255-curcol);
488     }
489   }
490 
491   if (width) xputc('\n');
492 
493   // Free directory entries, recursing first if necessary.
494 
495   for (ul = 0; ul<dtlen; free(sort[ul++])) {
496     if ((flags & FLAG_d) || !S_ISDIR(sort[ul]->st.st_mode)
497       || !dirtree_notdotdot(sort[ul])) continue;
498 
499     // Recurse into dirs if at top of the tree or given -R
500     if (!indir->parent || (flags & FLAG_R))
501       listfiles(openat(dirfd, sort[ul]->name, 0), sort[ul]);
502   }
503   free(sort);
504   if (dirfd != AT_FDCWD) close(dirfd);
505 }
506 
ls_main(void)507 void ls_main(void)
508 {
509   char **s, *noargs[] = {".", 0};
510   struct dirtree *dt;
511 
512   TT.screen_width = 80;
513   terminal_size(&TT.screen_width, NULL);
514   if (TT.screen_width<2) TT.screen_width = 2;
515 
516   // Do we have an implied -1
517   if (!isatty(1)) {
518     toys.optflags |= FLAG_1;
519     if (TT.color) toys.optflags ^= FLAG_color;
520   } else if (toys.optflags&(FLAG_l|FLAG_o|FLAG_n|FLAG_g))
521     toys.optflags |= FLAG_1;
522   else if (!(toys.optflags&(FLAG_1|FLAG_x|FLAG_m))) toys.optflags |= FLAG_C;
523   // The optflags parsing infrastructure should really do this for us,
524   // but currently it has "switch off when this is set", so "-dR" and "-Rd"
525   // behave differently
526   if (toys.optflags & FLAG_d) toys.optflags &= ~FLAG_R;
527 
528   // Iterate through command line arguments, collecting directories and files.
529   // Non-absolute paths are relative to current directory.
530   TT.files = dirtree_start(0, 0);
531   for (s = *toys.optargs ? toys.optargs : noargs; *s; s++) {
532     dt = dirtree_start(*s, !(toys.optflags&(FLAG_l|FLAG_d|FLAG_F)) ||
533                             (toys.optflags&(FLAG_L|FLAG_H)));
534 
535     // note: double_list->prev temporarirly goes in dirtree->parent
536     if (dt) dlist_add_nomalloc((void *)&TT.files->child, (void *)dt);
537     else toys.exitval = 1;
538   }
539 
540   // Convert double_list into dirtree.
541   dlist_terminate(TT.files->child);
542   for (dt = TT.files->child; dt; dt = dt->next) dt->parent = TT.files;
543 
544   // Display the files we collected
545   listfiles(AT_FDCWD, TT.files);
546 
547   if (CFG_TOYBOX_FREE) free(TT.files);
548 }
549