|
Name |
|
Date |
Size |
#Lines |
LOC |
| .. | | - | - |
| BitWriter_2_9/ | | 22-Nov-2023 | - | 2,730 | 1,941 |
| BitWriter_2_9_func/ | | 22-Nov-2023 | - | 2,769 | 2,006 |
| BitWriter_3_2/ | | 22-Nov-2023 | - | 2,872 | 2,090 |
| lit-tests/ | | 22-Nov-2023 | - | 348 | 212 |
| tests/ | | 22-Nov-2023 | - | 59,059 | 57,999 |
| .clang-format | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 81 | 3 | 2 |
| .git | D | 01-Jan-1970 | 0 | | |
| Android.mk | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 4.9 KiB | 195 | 133 |
| MODULE_LICENSE_APACHE2 | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 0 | | |
| NOTICE | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 16.7 KiB | 340 | 272 |
| README.html | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 19.8 KiB | 627 | 543 |
| README.rst | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 12.2 KiB | 344 | 242 |
| RSCCOptions.td | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 5.8 KiB | 145 | 113 |
| legacy_bitcode.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.3 KiB | 33 | 10 |
| llvm-rs-as.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 4.6 KiB | 154 | 110 |
| llvm-rs-cc.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 9.9 KiB | 296 | 204 |
| os_sep.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.1 KiB | 34 | 10 |
| rs_cc_options.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 9.1 KiB | 270 | 200 |
| rs_cc_options.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 4.3 KiB | 140 | 60 |
| rs_version.mk | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 790 | 23 | 2 |
| slang.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 23.5 KiB | 767 | 554 |
| slang.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 8.9 KiB | 293 | 165 |
| slang_assert.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.5 KiB | 41 | 20 |
| slang_backend.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 28.1 KiB | 864 | 628 |
| slang_backend.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 5.6 KiB | 182 | 90 |
| slang_diagnostic_buffer.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 2.1 KiB | 82 | 52 |
| slang_diagnostic_buffer.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.9 KiB | 65 | 32 |
| slang_pragma_recorder.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 3.6 KiB | 115 | 77 |
| slang_pragma_recorder.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.6 KiB | 55 | 27 |
| slang_rs_ast_replace.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 4 KiB | 158 | 115 |
| slang_rs_ast_replace.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 2.4 KiB | 89 | 58 |
| slang_rs_check_ast.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 8.1 KiB | 296 | 223 |
| slang_rs_check_ast.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 2.4 KiB | 80 | 39 |
| slang_rs_context.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 7.6 KiB | 279 | 201 |
| slang_rs_context.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 8.9 KiB | 290 | 216 |
| slang_rs_export_element.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 5.8 KiB | 179 | 128 |
| slang_rs_export_element.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.9 KiB | 73 | 36 |
| slang_rs_export_foreach.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 24.8 KiB | 699 | 526 |
| slang_rs_export_foreach.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 6.3 KiB | 210 | 144 |
| slang_rs_export_func.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 5.1 KiB | 174 | 113 |
| slang_rs_export_func.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 3.2 KiB | 109 | 66 |
| slang_rs_export_type.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 54.3 KiB | 1,605 | 1,264 |
| slang_rs_export_type.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 18.7 KiB | 602 | 388 |
| slang_rs_export_var.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 3.7 KiB | 109 | 84 |
| slang_rs_export_var.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 2 KiB | 71 | 40 |
| slang_rs_exportable.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 941 | 34 | 12 |
| slang_rs_exportable.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.7 KiB | 64 | 31 |
| slang_rs_metadata.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.2 KiB | 37 | 12 |
| slang_rs_object_ref_count.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 55.1 KiB | 1,564 | 1,054 |
| slang_rs_object_ref_count.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 4.9 KiB | 157 | 92 |
| slang_rs_pragma_handler.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 11.6 KiB | 368 | 240 |
| slang_rs_pragma_handler.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 2.5 KiB | 79 | 40 |
| slang_rs_reflect_utils.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 12.5 KiB | 440 | 349 |
| slang_rs_reflect_utils.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 5.8 KiB | 152 | 54 |
| slang_rs_reflection.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 72.4 KiB | 2,127 | 1,662 |
| slang_rs_reflection.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 9.4 KiB | 259 | 165 |
| slang_rs_reflection_cpp.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 32.4 KiB | 1,013 | 824 |
| slang_rs_reflection_cpp.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 5 KiB | 140 | 75 |
| slang_version.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.9 KiB | 66 | 34 |
| strip_unknown_attributes.cpp | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.8 KiB | 64 | 35 |
| strip_unknown_attributes.h | D | 22-Nov-2023 | 1.4 KiB | 43 | 12 |
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306<body>
307<div class="document" id="llvm-rs-cc-compiler-for-renderscript-language">
308<h1 class="title">llvm-rs-cc: Compiler for Renderscript language</h1>
309
310<div class="section" id="introduction">
311<h1>Introduction</h1>
312<p>llvm-rs-cc compiles a program in the Renderscript language to generate the
313following files:</p>
314<ul class="simple">
315<li>Bitcode file. Note that the bitcode here denotes the LLVM (Low-Level
316Virtual Machine) bitcode representation, which will be consumed on
317an Android device by libbcc (in
318platform/frameworks/compile/libbcc.git) to generate device-specific
319executables.</li>
320<li>Reflected APIs for Java. As a result, Android's Java developers can
321invoke those APIs from their code.</li>
322</ul>
323<p>Note that although Renderscript is C99-like, we enhance it with several
324distinct, effective features for Android programming. We will use
325some examples to illustrate these features.</p>
326<p>llvm-rs-cc is run on the host and performs many aggressive optimizations.
327As a result, libbcc on the device can be lightweight and focus on
328machine-dependent code generation for some input bitcode.</p>
329<p>llvm-rs-cc is a driver on top of libslang. The architecture of
330libslang and libbcc is depicted in the following figure:</p>
331<pre class="literal-block">
332libslang libbcc
333 | \ |
334 | \ |
335 clang llvm
336</pre>
337</div>
338<div class="section" id="usage">
339<h1>Usage</h1>
340<ul>
341<li><p class="first"><em>-o $(PRIVATE_RS_OUTPUT_DIR)/res/raw</em></p>
342<p>This option specifies the directory for outputting a .bc file.</p>
343</li>
344<li><p class="first"><em>-p $(PRIVATE_RS_OUTPUT_DIR)/src</em></p>
345<p>The option <em>-p</em> denotes the directory for outputting the reflected Java files.</p>
346</li>
347<li><p class="first"><em>-d $(PRIVATE_RS_OUTPUT_DIR)</em></p>
348<p>This option <em>-d</em> sets the directory for writing dependence information.</p>
349</li>
350<li><p class="first"><em>-MD</em></p>
351<p>Note that <em>-MD</em> will tell llvm-rs-cc to output dependence information.</p>
352</li>
353<li><p class="first"><em>-a $(EXTRA_TARGETS)</em></p>
354<p>Specifies additional target dependencies.</p>
355</li>
356</ul>
357</div>
358<div class="section" id="example-command">
359<h1>Example Command</h1>
360<p>First:</p>
361<pre class="literal-block">
362$ cd <Android_Root_Directory>
363</pre>
364<p>Using frameworks/base/tests/RenderScriptTests/Fountain as a simple app in both
365Java and Renderscript, we can find the following command line in the build
366log:</p>
367<pre class="literal-block">
368$ out/host/linux-x86/bin/llvm-rs-cc \
369 -o out/target/common/obj/APPS/Fountain_intermediates/src/renderscript/res/raw \
370 -p out/target/common/obj/APPS/Fountain_intermediates/src/renderscript/src \
371 -d out/target/common/obj/APPS/Fountain_intermediates/src/renderscript \
372 -a out/target/common/obj/APPS/Fountain_intermediates/src/RenderScript.stamp \
373 -MD \
374 -I frameworks/base/libs/rs/scriptc \
375 -I external/clang/lib/Headers \
376 frameworks/base/libs/rs/java/Fountain/src/com/android/fountain/fountain.rs
377</pre>
378<p>This command will generate:</p>
379<ul class="simple">
380<li><strong>fountain.bc</strong></li>
381<li><strong>ScriptC_fountain.java</strong></li>
382<li><strong>ScriptField_Point.java</strong></li>
383</ul>
384<p>The <strong>Script*.java</strong> files above will be documented below.</p>
385</div>
386<div class="section" id="example-program-fountain-rs">
387<h1>Example Program: fountain.rs</h1>
388<p>fountain.rs is in the Renderscript language, which is based on the standard
389C99. However, llvm-rs-cc goes beyond "clang -std=c99" and provides the
390following important features:</p>
391</div>
392<div class="section" id="pragma">
393<h1>1. Pragma</h1>
394<ul>
395<li><p class="first"><em>#pragma rs java_package_name([PACKAGE_NAME])</em></p>
396<p>The ScriptC_[SCRIPT_NAME].java has to be packaged so that Java
397developers can invoke those APIs.</p>
398<p>To do that, a Renderscript programmer should specify the package name, so
399that llvm-rs-cc knows the package expression and hence the directory
400for outputting ScriptC_[SCRIPT_NAME].java.</p>
401<p>In fountain.rs, we have:</p>
402<pre class="literal-block">
403#pragma rs java_package_name(com.android.fountain)
404</pre>
405<p>In ScriptC_fountain.java, we have:</p>
406<pre class="literal-block">
407package com.android.fountain
408</pre>
409<p>Note that the ScriptC_fountain.java will be generated inside
410./com/android/fountain/.</p>
411</li>
412<li><p class="first">#pragma version(1)</p>
413<p>This pragma is for evolving the language. Currently we are at
414version 1 of the language.</p>
415</li>
416</ul>
417</div>
418<div class="section" id="basic-reflection-export-variables-and-functions">
419<h1>2. Basic Reflection: Export Variables and Functions</h1>
420<p>llvm-rs-cc automatically exports the "externalizable and defined" functions and
421variables to Android's Java side. That is, scripts are accessible from
422Java.</p>
423<p>For instance, for:</p>
424<pre class="literal-block">
425int foo = 0;
426</pre>
427<p>In ScriptC_fountain.java, llvm-rs-cc will reflect the following methods:</p>
428<pre class="literal-block">
429void set_foo(int v)...
430
431int get_foo()...
432</pre>
433<p>This access takes the form of generated classes which provide access
434to the functions and global variables within a script. In summary,
435global variables and functions within a script that are not declared
436static will generate get, set, or invoke methods. This provides a way
437to set the data within a script and call its functions.</p>
438<p>Take the addParticles function in fountain.rs as an example:</p>
439<pre class="literal-block">
440void addParticles(int rate, float x, float y, int index, bool newColor) {
441 ...
442}
443</pre>
444<p>llvm-rs-cc will genearte ScriptC_fountain.java as follows:</p>
445<pre class="literal-block">
446void invoke_addParticles(int rate, float x, float y,
447 int index, bool newColor) {
448 ...
449}
450</pre>
451</div>
452<div class="section" id="export-user-defined-structs">
453<h1>3. Export User-Defined Structs</h1>
454<p>In fountain.rs, we have:</p>
455<pre class="literal-block">
456typedef struct __attribute__((packed, aligned(4))) Point {
457 float2 delta;
458 float2 position;
459 uchar4 color;
460} Point_t;
461
462Point_t *point;
463</pre>
464<p>llvm-rs-cc generates one ScriptField*.java file for each user-defined
465struct. In this case, llvm-rs-cc will reflect two files,
466ScriptC_fountain.java and ScriptField_Point.java.</p>
467<p>Note that when the type of an exportable variable is a structure, Renderscript
468developers should avoid using anonymous structs. This is because llvm-rs-cc
469uses the struct name to identify the file, instead of the typedef name.</p>
470<p>For the generated Java files, using ScriptC_fountain.java as an
471example we also have:</p>
472<pre class="literal-block">
473void bind_point(ScriptField_Point v)
474</pre>
475<p>This binds your object with the allocated memory.</p>
476<p>You can bind the struct(e.g., Point), using the setter and getter
477methods in ScriptField_Point.java.</p>
478<p>After binding, you can access the object with this method:</p>
479<pre class="literal-block">
480ScriptField_Point get_point()
481</pre>
482<p>In ScriptField_Point_s.java:</p>
483<pre class="literal-block">
484...
485// Copying the Item, which is the object that stores every
486// fields of struct, to the *index*\-th entry of byte array.
487//
488// In general, this method would not be invoked directly
489// but is used to implement the setter.
490void copyToArray(Item i, int index)
491
492// The setter of Item array,
493// index: the index of the Item array
494// copyNow: If true, it will be copied to the *index*\-th entry
495// of byte array.
496void set(Item i, int index, boolean copyNow)
497
498// The getter of Item array, which gets the *index*-th element
499// of byte array.
500Item get(int index)
501
502set_delta(int index, Float2 v, boolean copyNow)
503
504// The following is the individual setters and getters of
505// each field of a struct.
506public void set_delta(int index, Float2 v, boolean copyNow)
507public void set_position(int index, Float2 v, boolean copyNow)
508public void set_color(int index, Short4 v, boolean copyNow)
509public Float2 get_delta(int index)
510public Float2 get_position(int index)
511public Short4 get_color(int index)
512
513// Copying all Item array to byte array (i.e., memory allocation).
514void copyAll()
515...
516</pre>
517</div>
518<div class="section" id="summary-of-the-java-reflection-above">
519<h1>4. Summary of the Java Reflection above</h1>
520<p>This section summarizes the high-level design of Renderscript's reflection.</p>
521<ul>
522<li><p class="first">In terms of a script's global functions, they can be called from Java.
523These calls operate asynchronously and no assumptions should be made
524on whether a function called will have actually completed operation. If it
525is necessary to wait for a function to complete, the Java application
526may call the runtime finish() method, which will wait for all the script
527threads to complete pending operations. A few special functions can also
528exist:</p>
529<ul>
530<li><p class="first">The function <strong>init</strong> (if present) will be called once after the script
531is loaded. This is useful to initialize data or anything else the
532script may need before it can be used. The init function may not depend
533on globals initialized from Java as it will be called before these
534can be initialized. The function signature for init must be:</p>
535<pre class="literal-block">
536void init(void);
537</pre>
538</li>
539<li><p class="first">The function <strong>root</strong> is a special function for graphics. This function
540will be called when a script must redraw its contents. No
541assumptions should be made as to when this function will be
542called. It will only be called if the script is bound as a graphics root.
543Calls to this function will be synchronized with data updates and
544other invocations from Java. Thus the script will not change due
545to external influence in the middle of running <strong>root</strong>. The return value
546indicates to the runtime when the function should be called again to
547redraw in the future. A return value of 0 indicates that no
548redraw is necessary until something changes on the Java side. Any
549positive integer indicates a time in milliseconds that the runtime should
550wait before calling root again to render another frame. The function
551signature for a graphics root functions is as follows:</p>
552<pre class="literal-block">
553int root(void);
554</pre>
555</li>
556<li><p class="first">It is also possible to create a purely compute-based <strong>root</strong> function.
557Such a function has the following signature:</p>
558<pre class="literal-block">
559void root(const T1 *in, T2 *out, const T3 *usrData, uint32_t x, uint32_t y);
560</pre>
561<p>T1, T2, and T3 represent any supported Renderscript type. Any parameters
562above can be omitted, although at least one of in/out must be present.
563If both in and out are present, root must only be invoked with types of
564the same exact dimensionality (i.e. matching X and Y values for dimension).
565This root function is accessible through the Renderscript language
566construct <strong>forEach</strong>. We also reflect a Java version to access this
567function as <strong>forEach_root</strong> (for API levels of 14+). An example of this
568can be seen in the Android SDK sample for HelloCompute.</p>
569</li>
570<li><p class="first">The function <strong>.rs.dtor</strong> is a function that is sometimes generated by
571llvm-rs-cc. This function cleans up any global variable that contains
572(or is) a reference counted Renderscript object type (such as an
573rs_allocation, rs_font, or rs_script). This function will be invoked
574implicitly by the Renderscript runtime during script teardown.</p>
575</li>
576</ul>
577</li>
578<li><p class="first">In terms of a script's global data, global variables can be written
579from Java. The Java instance will cache the value or object set and
580provide return methods to retrieve this value. If a script updates
581the value, this update will not propagate back to the Java class.
582Initializers, if present, will also initialize the cached Java value.
583This provides a convenient way to declare constants within a script and
584make them accessible to the Java runtime. If the script declares a
585variable const, only the get methods will be generated.</p>
586<p>Globals within a script are considered local to the script. They
587cannot be accessed by other scripts and are in effect always 'static'
588in the traditional C sense. Static here is used to control if
589accessors are generated. Static continues to mean <em>not
590externally visible</em> and thus prevents the generation of
591accessors. Globals are persistent across invocations of a script and
592thus may be used to hold data from run to run.</p>
593<p>Globals of two types may be reflected into the Java class. The first
594type is basic non-pointer types. Types defined in rs_types.rsh may also be
595used. For the non-pointer class, get and set methods are generated for
596Java. Globals of single pointer types behave differently. These may
597use more complex types. Simple structures composed of the types in
598rs_types.rsh may also be used. These globals generate bind points in
599Java. If the type is a structure they also generate an appropriate
600<strong>Field</strong> class that is used to pack and unpack the contents of the
601structure. Binding an allocation in Java effectively sets the
602pointer in the script. Bind points marked const indicate to the
603runtime that the script will not modify the contents of an allocation.
604This may allow the runtime to make more effective use of threads.</p>
605</li>
606</ul>
607</div>
608<div class="section" id="vector-types">
609<h1>5. Vector Types</h1>
610<p>Vector types such as float2, float4, and uint4 are included to support
611vector processing in environments where the processors provide vector
612instructions.</p>
613<p>On non-vector systems the same code will continue to run but without
614the performance advantage. Function overloading is also supported.
615This allows the runtime to support vector version of the basic math
616routines without the need for special naming. For instance,</p>
617<ul class="simple">
618<li><em>float sin(float);</em></li>
619<li><em>float2 sin(float2);</em></li>
620<li><em>float3 sin(float3);</em></li>
621<li><em>float4 sin(float4);</em></li>
622</ul>
623</div>
624</div>
625</body>
626</html>
627
README.rst
1==============================================
2llvm-rs-cc: Compiler for Renderscript language
3==============================================
4
5
6Introduction
7------------
8
9llvm-rs-cc compiles a program in the Renderscript language to generate the
10following files:
11
12* Bitcode file. Note that the bitcode here denotes the LLVM (Low-Level
13 Virtual Machine) bitcode representation, which will be consumed on
14 an Android device by libbcc (in
15 platform/frameworks/compile/libbcc.git) to generate device-specific
16 executables.
17
18* Reflected APIs for Java. As a result, Android's Java developers can
19 invoke those APIs from their code.
20
21Note that although Renderscript is C99-like, we enhance it with several
22distinct, effective features for Android programming. We will use
23some examples to illustrate these features.
24
25llvm-rs-cc is run on the host and performs many aggressive optimizations.
26As a result, libbcc on the device can be lightweight and focus on
27machine-dependent code generation for some input bitcode.
28
29llvm-rs-cc is a driver on top of libslang. The architecture of
30libslang and libbcc is depicted in the following figure::
31
32 libslang libbcc
33 | \ |
34 | \ |
35 clang llvm
36
37
38Usage
39-----
40
41* *-o $(PRIVATE_RS_OUTPUT_DIR)/res/raw*
42
43 This option specifies the directory for outputting a .bc file.
44
45* *-p $(PRIVATE_RS_OUTPUT_DIR)/src*
46
47 The option *-p* denotes the directory for outputting the reflected Java files.
48
49* *-d $(PRIVATE_RS_OUTPUT_DIR)*
50
51 This option *-d* sets the directory for writing dependence information.
52
53* *-MD*
54
55 Note that *-MD* will tell llvm-rs-cc to output dependence information.
56
57* *-a $(EXTRA_TARGETS)*
58
59 Specifies additional target dependencies.
60
61Example Command
62---------------
63
64First::
65
66 $ cd <Android_Root_Directory>
67
68Using frameworks/base/tests/RenderScriptTests/Fountain as a simple app in both
69Java and Renderscript, we can find the following command line in the build
70log::
71
72 $ out/host/linux-x86/bin/llvm-rs-cc \
73 -o out/target/common/obj/APPS/Fountain_intermediates/src/renderscript/res/raw \
74 -p out/target/common/obj/APPS/Fountain_intermediates/src/renderscript/src \
75 -d out/target/common/obj/APPS/Fountain_intermediates/src/renderscript \
76 -a out/target/common/obj/APPS/Fountain_intermediates/src/RenderScript.stamp \
77 -MD \
78 -I frameworks/base/libs/rs/scriptc \
79 -I external/clang/lib/Headers \
80 frameworks/base/libs/rs/java/Fountain/src/com/android/fountain/fountain.rs
81
82This command will generate:
83
84* **fountain.bc**
85
86* **ScriptC_fountain.java**
87
88* **ScriptField_Point.java**
89
90The **Script\*.java** files above will be documented below.
91
92
93Example Program: fountain.rs
94----------------------------
95
96fountain.rs is in the Renderscript language, which is based on the standard
97C99. However, llvm-rs-cc goes beyond "clang -std=c99" and provides the
98following important features:
99
1001. Pragma
101---------
102
103* *#pragma rs java_package_name([PACKAGE_NAME])*
104
105 The ScriptC_[SCRIPT_NAME].java has to be packaged so that Java
106 developers can invoke those APIs.
107
108 To do that, a Renderscript programmer should specify the package name, so
109 that llvm-rs-cc knows the package expression and hence the directory
110 for outputting ScriptC_[SCRIPT_NAME].java.
111
112 In fountain.rs, we have::
113
114 #pragma rs java_package_name(com.android.fountain)
115
116 In ScriptC_fountain.java, we have::
117
118 package com.android.fountain
119
120 Note that the ScriptC_fountain.java will be generated inside
121 ./com/android/fountain/.
122
123* #pragma version(1)
124
125 This pragma is for evolving the language. Currently we are at
126 version 1 of the language.
127
128
1292. Basic Reflection: Export Variables and Functions
130---------------------------------------------------
131
132llvm-rs-cc automatically exports the "externalizable and defined" functions and
133variables to Android's Java side. That is, scripts are accessible from
134Java.
135
136For instance, for::
137
138 int foo = 0;
139
140In ScriptC_fountain.java, llvm-rs-cc will reflect the following methods::
141
142 void set_foo(int v)...
143
144 int get_foo()...
145
146This access takes the form of generated classes which provide access
147to the functions and global variables within a script. In summary,
148global variables and functions within a script that are not declared
149static will generate get, set, or invoke methods. This provides a way
150to set the data within a script and call its functions.
151
152Take the addParticles function in fountain.rs as an example::
153
154 void addParticles(int rate, float x, float y, int index, bool newColor) {
155 ...
156 }
157
158llvm-rs-cc will genearte ScriptC_fountain.java as follows::
159
160 void invoke_addParticles(int rate, float x, float y,
161 int index, bool newColor) {
162 ...
163 }
164
165
1663. Export User-Defined Structs
167------------------------------
168
169In fountain.rs, we have::
170
171 typedef struct __attribute__((packed, aligned(4))) Point {
172 float2 delta;
173 float2 position;
174 uchar4 color;
175 } Point_t;
176
177 Point_t *point;
178
179llvm-rs-cc generates one ScriptField*.java file for each user-defined
180struct. In this case, llvm-rs-cc will reflect two files,
181ScriptC_fountain.java and ScriptField_Point.java.
182
183Note that when the type of an exportable variable is a structure, Renderscript
184developers should avoid using anonymous structs. This is because llvm-rs-cc
185uses the struct name to identify the file, instead of the typedef name.
186
187For the generated Java files, using ScriptC_fountain.java as an
188example we also have::
189
190 void bind_point(ScriptField_Point v)
191
192This binds your object with the allocated memory.
193
194You can bind the struct(e.g., Point), using the setter and getter
195methods in ScriptField_Point.java.
196
197After binding, you can access the object with this method::
198
199 ScriptField_Point get_point()
200
201In ScriptField_Point_s.java::
202
203 ...
204 // Copying the Item, which is the object that stores every
205 // fields of struct, to the *index*\-th entry of byte array.
206 //
207 // In general, this method would not be invoked directly
208 // but is used to implement the setter.
209 void copyToArray(Item i, int index)
210
211 // The setter of Item array,
212 // index: the index of the Item array
213 // copyNow: If true, it will be copied to the *index*\-th entry
214 // of byte array.
215 void set(Item i, int index, boolean copyNow)
216
217 // The getter of Item array, which gets the *index*-th element
218 // of byte array.
219 Item get(int index)
220
221 set_delta(int index, Float2 v, boolean copyNow)
222
223 // The following is the individual setters and getters of
224 // each field of a struct.
225 public void set_delta(int index, Float2 v, boolean copyNow)
226 public void set_position(int index, Float2 v, boolean copyNow)
227 public void set_color(int index, Short4 v, boolean copyNow)
228 public Float2 get_delta(int index)
229 public Float2 get_position(int index)
230 public Short4 get_color(int index)
231
232 // Copying all Item array to byte array (i.e., memory allocation).
233 void copyAll()
234 ...
235
236
2374. Summary of the Java Reflection above
238---------------------------------------
239
240This section summarizes the high-level design of Renderscript's reflection.
241
242* In terms of a script's global functions, they can be called from Java.
243 These calls operate asynchronously and no assumptions should be made
244 on whether a function called will have actually completed operation. If it
245 is necessary to wait for a function to complete, the Java application
246 may call the runtime finish() method, which will wait for all the script
247 threads to complete pending operations. A few special functions can also
248 exist:
249
250 * The function **init** (if present) will be called once after the script
251 is loaded. This is useful to initialize data or anything else the
252 script may need before it can be used. The init function may not depend
253 on globals initialized from Java as it will be called before these
254 can be initialized. The function signature for init must be::
255
256 void init(void);
257
258 * The function **root** is a special function for graphics. This function
259 will be called when a script must redraw its contents. No
260 assumptions should be made as to when this function will be
261 called. It will only be called if the script is bound as a graphics root.
262 Calls to this function will be synchronized with data updates and
263 other invocations from Java. Thus the script will not change due
264 to external influence in the middle of running **root**. The return value
265 indicates to the runtime when the function should be called again to
266 redraw in the future. A return value of 0 indicates that no
267 redraw is necessary until something changes on the Java side. Any
268 positive integer indicates a time in milliseconds that the runtime should
269 wait before calling root again to render another frame. The function
270 signature for a graphics root functions is as follows::
271
272 int root(void);
273
274 * It is also possible to create a purely compute-based **root** function.
275 Such a function has the following signature::
276
277 void root(const T1 *in, T2 *out, const T3 *usrData, uint32_t x, uint32_t y);
278
279 T1, T2, and T3 represent any supported Renderscript type. Any parameters
280 above can be omitted, although at least one of in/out must be present.
281 If both in and out are present, root must only be invoked with types of
282 the same exact dimensionality (i.e. matching X and Y values for dimension).
283 This root function is accessible through the Renderscript language
284 construct **forEach**. We also reflect a Java version to access this
285 function as **forEach_root** (for API levels of 14+). An example of this
286 can be seen in the Android SDK sample for HelloCompute.
287
288 * The function **.rs.dtor** is a function that is sometimes generated by
289 llvm-rs-cc. This function cleans up any global variable that contains
290 (or is) a reference counted Renderscript object type (such as an
291 rs_allocation, rs_font, or rs_script). This function will be invoked
292 implicitly by the Renderscript runtime during script teardown.
293
294* In terms of a script's global data, global variables can be written
295 from Java. The Java instance will cache the value or object set and
296 provide return methods to retrieve this value. If a script updates
297 the value, this update will not propagate back to the Java class.
298 Initializers, if present, will also initialize the cached Java value.
299 This provides a convenient way to declare constants within a script and
300 make them accessible to the Java runtime. If the script declares a
301 variable const, only the get methods will be generated.
302
303 Globals within a script are considered local to the script. They
304 cannot be accessed by other scripts and are in effect always 'static'
305 in the traditional C sense. Static here is used to control if
306 accessors are generated. Static continues to mean *not
307 externally visible* and thus prevents the generation of
308 accessors. Globals are persistent across invocations of a script and
309 thus may be used to hold data from run to run.
310
311 Globals of two types may be reflected into the Java class. The first
312 type is basic non-pointer types. Types defined in rs_types.rsh may also be
313 used. For the non-pointer class, get and set methods are generated for
314 Java. Globals of single pointer types behave differently. These may
315 use more complex types. Simple structures composed of the types in
316 rs_types.rsh may also be used. These globals generate bind points in
317 Java. If the type is a structure they also generate an appropriate
318 **Field** class that is used to pack and unpack the contents of the
319 structure. Binding an allocation in Java effectively sets the
320 pointer in the script. Bind points marked const indicate to the
321 runtime that the script will not modify the contents of an allocation.
322 This may allow the runtime to make more effective use of threads.
323
324
3255. Vector Types
326---------------
327
328Vector types such as float2, float4, and uint4 are included to support
329vector processing in environments where the processors provide vector
330instructions.
331
332On non-vector systems the same code will continue to run but without
333the performance advantage. Function overloading is also supported.
334This allows the runtime to support vector version of the basic math
335routines without the need for special naming. For instance,
336
337* *float sin(float);*
338
339* *float2 sin(float2);*
340
341* *float3 sin(float3);*
342
343* *float4 sin(float4);*
344