1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 package android.os;
18 
19 import android.net.LocalSocket;
20 import android.net.LocalSocketAddress;
21 import android.system.Os;
22 import android.util.Log;
23 import com.android.internal.os.Zygote;
24 import dalvik.system.VMRuntime;
25 import java.io.BufferedWriter;
26 import java.io.DataInputStream;
27 import java.io.IOException;
28 import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
29 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
30 import java.util.ArrayList;
31 import java.util.Arrays;
32 import java.util.List;
33 
34 /*package*/ class ZygoteStartFailedEx extends Exception {
ZygoteStartFailedEx(String s)35     ZygoteStartFailedEx(String s) {
36         super(s);
37     }
38 
ZygoteStartFailedEx(Throwable cause)39     ZygoteStartFailedEx(Throwable cause) {
40         super(cause);
41     }
42 
ZygoteStartFailedEx(String s, Throwable cause)43     ZygoteStartFailedEx(String s, Throwable cause) {
44         super(s, cause);
45     }
46 }
47 
48 /**
49  * Tools for managing OS processes.
50  */
51 public class Process {
52     private static final String LOG_TAG = "Process";
53 
54     /**
55      * @hide for internal use only.
56      */
57     public static final String ZYGOTE_SOCKET = "zygote";
58 
59     /**
60      * @hide for internal use only.
61      */
62     public static final String SECONDARY_ZYGOTE_SOCKET = "zygote_secondary";
63 
64     /**
65      * Defines the root UID.
66      * @hide
67      */
68     public static final int ROOT_UID = 0;
69 
70     /**
71      * Defines the UID/GID under which system code runs.
72      */
73     public static final int SYSTEM_UID = 1000;
74 
75     /**
76      * Defines the UID/GID under which the telephony code runs.
77      */
78     public static final int PHONE_UID = 1001;
79 
80     /**
81      * Defines the UID/GID for the user shell.
82      * @hide
83      */
84     public static final int SHELL_UID = 2000;
85 
86     /**
87      * Defines the UID/GID for the log group.
88      * @hide
89      */
90     public static final int LOG_UID = 1007;
91 
92     /**
93      * Defines the UID/GID for the WIFI supplicant process.
94      * @hide
95      */
96     public static final int WIFI_UID = 1010;
97 
98     /**
99      * Defines the UID/GID for the mediaserver process.
100      * @hide
101      */
102     public static final int MEDIA_UID = 1013;
103 
104     /**
105      * Defines the UID/GID for the DRM process.
106      * @hide
107      */
108     public static final int DRM_UID = 1019;
109 
110     /**
111      * Defines the UID/GID for the group that controls VPN services.
112      * @hide
113      */
114     public static final int VPN_UID = 1016;
115 
116     /**
117      * Defines the UID/GID for the NFC service process.
118      * @hide
119      */
120     public static final int NFC_UID = 1027;
121 
122     /**
123      * Defines the UID/GID for the Bluetooth service process.
124      * @hide
125      */
126     public static final int BLUETOOTH_UID = 1002;
127 
128     /**
129      * Defines the GID for the group that allows write access to the internal media storage.
130      * @hide
131      */
132     public static final int MEDIA_RW_GID = 1023;
133 
134     /**
135      * Access to installed package details
136      * @hide
137      */
138     public static final int PACKAGE_INFO_GID = 1032;
139 
140     /**
141      * Defines the UID/GID for the shared RELRO file updater process.
142      * @hide
143      */
144     public static final int SHARED_RELRO_UID = 1037;
145 
146     /**
147      * Defines the UID/GID for the audioserver process.
148      * @hide
149      */
150     public static final int AUDIOSERVER_UID = 1041;
151 
152     /**
153      * Defines the UID/GID for the cameraserver process
154      * @hide
155      */
156     public static final int CAMERASERVER_UID = 1047;
157 
158     /**
159      * Defines the start of a range of UIDs (and GIDs), going from this
160      * number to {@link #LAST_APPLICATION_UID} that are reserved for assigning
161      * to applications.
162      */
163     public static final int FIRST_APPLICATION_UID = 10000;
164 
165     /**
166      * Last of application-specific UIDs starting at
167      * {@link #FIRST_APPLICATION_UID}.
168      */
169     public static final int LAST_APPLICATION_UID = 19999;
170 
171     /**
172      * First uid used for fully isolated sandboxed processes (with no permissions of their own)
173      * @hide
174      */
175     public static final int FIRST_ISOLATED_UID = 99000;
176 
177     /**
178      * Last uid used for fully isolated sandboxed processes (with no permissions of their own)
179      * @hide
180      */
181     public static final int LAST_ISOLATED_UID = 99999;
182 
183     /**
184      * Defines the gid shared by all applications running under the same profile.
185      * @hide
186      */
187     public static final int SHARED_USER_GID = 9997;
188 
189     /**
190      * First gid for applications to share resources. Used when forward-locking
191      * is enabled but all UserHandles need to be able to read the resources.
192      * @hide
193      */
194     public static final int FIRST_SHARED_APPLICATION_GID = 50000;
195 
196     /**
197      * Last gid for applications to share resources. Used when forward-locking
198      * is enabled but all UserHandles need to be able to read the resources.
199      * @hide
200      */
201     public static final int LAST_SHARED_APPLICATION_GID = 59999;
202 
203     /**
204      * Standard priority of application threads.
205      * Use with {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} and
206      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}, <b>not</b> with the normal
207      * {@link java.lang.Thread} class.
208      */
209     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_DEFAULT = 0;
210 
211     /*
212      * ***************************************
213      * ** Keep in sync with utils/threads.h **
214      * ***************************************
215      */
216 
217     /**
218      * Lowest available thread priority.  Only for those who really, really
219      * don't want to run if anything else is happening.
220      * Use with {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} and
221      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}, <b>not</b> with the normal
222      * {@link java.lang.Thread} class.
223      */
224     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST = 19;
225 
226     /**
227      * Standard priority background threads.  This gives your thread a slightly
228      * lower than normal priority, so that it will have less chance of impacting
229      * the responsiveness of the user interface.
230      * Use with {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} and
231      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}, <b>not</b> with the normal
232      * {@link java.lang.Thread} class.
233      */
234     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND = 10;
235 
236     /**
237      * Standard priority of threads that are currently running a user interface
238      * that the user is interacting with.  Applications can not normally
239      * change to this priority; the system will automatically adjust your
240      * application threads as the user moves through the UI.
241      * Use with {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} and
242      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}, <b>not</b> with the normal
243      * {@link java.lang.Thread} class.
244      */
245     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_FOREGROUND = -2;
246 
247     /**
248      * Standard priority of system display threads, involved in updating
249      * the user interface.  Applications can not
250      * normally change to this priority.
251      * Use with {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} and
252      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}, <b>not</b> with the normal
253      * {@link java.lang.Thread} class.
254      */
255     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_DISPLAY = -4;
256 
257     /**
258      * Standard priority of the most important display threads, for compositing
259      * the screen and retrieving input events.  Applications can not normally
260      * change to this priority.
261      * Use with {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} and
262      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}, <b>not</b> with the normal
263      * {@link java.lang.Thread} class.
264      */
265     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_URGENT_DISPLAY = -8;
266 
267     /**
268      * Standard priority of audio threads.  Applications can not normally
269      * change to this priority.
270      * Use with {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} and
271      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}, <b>not</b> with the normal
272      * {@link java.lang.Thread} class.
273      */
274     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_AUDIO = -16;
275 
276     /**
277      * Standard priority of the most important audio threads.
278      * Applications can not normally change to this priority.
279      * Use with {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} and
280      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}, <b>not</b> with the normal
281      * {@link java.lang.Thread} class.
282      */
283     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_URGENT_AUDIO = -19;
284 
285     /**
286      * Minimum increment to make a priority more favorable.
287      */
288     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_MORE_FAVORABLE = -1;
289 
290     /**
291      * Minimum increment to make a priority less favorable.
292      */
293     public static final int THREAD_PRIORITY_LESS_FAVORABLE = +1;
294 
295     /**
296      * Default scheduling policy
297      * @hide
298      */
299     public static final int SCHED_OTHER = 0;
300 
301     /**
302      * First-In First-Out scheduling policy
303      * @hide
304      */
305     public static final int SCHED_FIFO = 1;
306 
307     /**
308      * Round-Robin scheduling policy
309      * @hide
310      */
311     public static final int SCHED_RR = 2;
312 
313     /**
314      * Batch scheduling policy
315      * @hide
316      */
317     public static final int SCHED_BATCH = 3;
318 
319     /**
320      * Idle scheduling policy
321      * @hide
322      */
323     public static final int SCHED_IDLE = 5;
324 
325     // Keep in sync with SP_* constants of enum type SchedPolicy
326     // declared in system/core/include/cutils/sched_policy.h,
327     // except THREAD_GROUP_DEFAULT does not correspond to any SP_* value.
328 
329     /**
330      * Default thread group -
331      * has meaning with setProcessGroup() only, cannot be used with setThreadGroup().
332      * When used with setProcessGroup(), the group of each thread in the process
333      * is conditionally changed based on that thread's current priority, as follows:
334      * threads with priority numerically less than THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND
335      * are moved to foreground thread group.  All other threads are left unchanged.
336      * @hide
337      */
338     public static final int THREAD_GROUP_DEFAULT = -1;
339 
340     /**
341      * Background thread group - All threads in
342      * this group are scheduled with a reduced share of the CPU.
343      * Value is same as constant SP_BACKGROUND of enum SchedPolicy.
344      * FIXME rename to THREAD_GROUP_BACKGROUND.
345      * @hide
346      */
347     public static final int THREAD_GROUP_BG_NONINTERACTIVE = 0;
348 
349     /**
350      * Foreground thread group - All threads in
351      * this group are scheduled with a normal share of the CPU.
352      * Value is same as constant SP_FOREGROUND of enum SchedPolicy.
353      * Not used at this level.
354      * @hide
355      **/
356     private static final int THREAD_GROUP_FOREGROUND = 1;
357 
358     /**
359      * System thread group.
360      * @hide
361      **/
362     public static final int THREAD_GROUP_SYSTEM = 2;
363 
364     /**
365      * Application audio thread group.
366      * @hide
367      **/
368     public static final int THREAD_GROUP_AUDIO_APP = 3;
369 
370     /**
371      * System audio thread group.
372      * @hide
373      **/
374     public static final int THREAD_GROUP_AUDIO_SYS = 4;
375 
376     /**
377      * Thread group for top foreground app.
378      * @hide
379      **/
380     public static final int THREAD_GROUP_TOP_APP = 5;
381 
382     public static final int SIGNAL_QUIT = 3;
383     public static final int SIGNAL_KILL = 9;
384     public static final int SIGNAL_USR1 = 10;
385 
386     private static long sStartElapsedRealtime;
387     private static long sStartUptimeMillis;
388 
389     /**
390      * State for communicating with the zygote process.
391      *
392      * @hide for internal use only.
393      */
394     public static class ZygoteState {
395         final LocalSocket socket;
396         final DataInputStream inputStream;
397         final BufferedWriter writer;
398         final List<String> abiList;
399 
400         boolean mClosed;
401 
ZygoteState(LocalSocket socket, DataInputStream inputStream, BufferedWriter writer, List<String> abiList)402         private ZygoteState(LocalSocket socket, DataInputStream inputStream,
403                 BufferedWriter writer, List<String> abiList) {
404             this.socket = socket;
405             this.inputStream = inputStream;
406             this.writer = writer;
407             this.abiList = abiList;
408         }
409 
connect(String socketAddress)410         public static ZygoteState connect(String socketAddress) throws IOException {
411             DataInputStream zygoteInputStream = null;
412             BufferedWriter zygoteWriter = null;
413             final LocalSocket zygoteSocket = new LocalSocket();
414 
415             try {
416                 zygoteSocket.connect(new LocalSocketAddress(socketAddress,
417                         LocalSocketAddress.Namespace.RESERVED));
418 
419                 zygoteInputStream = new DataInputStream(zygoteSocket.getInputStream());
420 
421                 zygoteWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
422                         zygoteSocket.getOutputStream()), 256);
423             } catch (IOException ex) {
424                 try {
425                     zygoteSocket.close();
426                 } catch (IOException ignore) {
427                 }
428 
429                 throw ex;
430             }
431 
432             String abiListString = getAbiList(zygoteWriter, zygoteInputStream);
433             Log.i("Zygote", "Process: zygote socket opened, supported ABIS: " + abiListString);
434 
435             return new ZygoteState(zygoteSocket, zygoteInputStream, zygoteWriter,
436                     Arrays.asList(abiListString.split(",")));
437         }
438 
matches(String abi)439         boolean matches(String abi) {
440             return abiList.contains(abi);
441         }
442 
close()443         public void close() {
444             try {
445                 socket.close();
446             } catch (IOException ex) {
447                 Log.e(LOG_TAG,"I/O exception on routine close", ex);
448             }
449 
450             mClosed = true;
451         }
452 
isClosed()453         boolean isClosed() {
454             return mClosed;
455         }
456     }
457 
458     /**
459      * The state of the connection to the primary zygote.
460      */
461     static ZygoteState primaryZygoteState;
462 
463     /**
464      * The state of the connection to the secondary zygote.
465      */
466     static ZygoteState secondaryZygoteState;
467 
468     /**
469      * Start a new process.
470      *
471      * <p>If processes are enabled, a new process is created and the
472      * static main() function of a <var>processClass</var> is executed there.
473      * The process will continue running after this function returns.
474      *
475      * <p>If processes are not enabled, a new thread in the caller's
476      * process is created and main() of <var>processClass</var> called there.
477      *
478      * <p>The niceName parameter, if not an empty string, is a custom name to
479      * give to the process instead of using processClass.  This allows you to
480      * make easily identifyable processes even if you are using the same base
481      * <var>processClass</var> to start them.
482      *
483      * @param processClass The class to use as the process's main entry
484      *                     point.
485      * @param niceName A more readable name to use for the process.
486      * @param uid The user-id under which the process will run.
487      * @param gid The group-id under which the process will run.
488      * @param gids Additional group-ids associated with the process.
489      * @param debugFlags Additional flags.
490      * @param targetSdkVersion The target SDK version for the app.
491      * @param seInfo null-ok SELinux information for the new process.
492      * @param abi non-null the ABI this app should be started with.
493      * @param instructionSet null-ok the instruction set to use.
494      * @param appDataDir null-ok the data directory of the app.
495      * @param zygoteArgs Additional arguments to supply to the zygote process.
496      *
497      * @return An object that describes the result of the attempt to start the process.
498      * @throws RuntimeException on fatal start failure
499      *
500      * {@hide}
501      */
start(final String processClass, final String niceName, int uid, int gid, int[] gids, int debugFlags, int mountExternal, int targetSdkVersion, String seInfo, String abi, String instructionSet, String appDataDir, String[] zygoteArgs)502     public static final ProcessStartResult start(final String processClass,
503                                   final String niceName,
504                                   int uid, int gid, int[] gids,
505                                   int debugFlags, int mountExternal,
506                                   int targetSdkVersion,
507                                   String seInfo,
508                                   String abi,
509                                   String instructionSet,
510                                   String appDataDir,
511                                   String[] zygoteArgs) {
512         try {
513             return startViaZygote(processClass, niceName, uid, gid, gids,
514                     debugFlags, mountExternal, targetSdkVersion, seInfo,
515                     abi, instructionSet, appDataDir, zygoteArgs);
516         } catch (ZygoteStartFailedEx ex) {
517             Log.e(LOG_TAG,
518                     "Starting VM process through Zygote failed");
519             throw new RuntimeException(
520                     "Starting VM process through Zygote failed", ex);
521         }
522     }
523 
524     /** retry interval for opening a zygote socket */
525     static final int ZYGOTE_RETRY_MILLIS = 500;
526 
527     /**
528      * Queries the zygote for the list of ABIS it supports.
529      *
530      * @throws ZygoteStartFailedEx if the query failed.
531      */
getAbiList(BufferedWriter writer, DataInputStream inputStream)532     private static String getAbiList(BufferedWriter writer, DataInputStream inputStream)
533             throws IOException {
534         // Each query starts with the argument count (1 in this case)
535         writer.write("1");
536         // ... followed by a new-line.
537         writer.newLine();
538         // ... followed by our only argument.
539         writer.write("--query-abi-list");
540         writer.newLine();
541         writer.flush();
542 
543         // The response is a length prefixed stream of ASCII bytes.
544         int numBytes = inputStream.readInt();
545         byte[] bytes = new byte[numBytes];
546         inputStream.readFully(bytes);
547 
548         return new String(bytes, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII);
549     }
550 
551     /**
552      * Sends an argument list to the zygote process, which starts a new child
553      * and returns the child's pid. Please note: the present implementation
554      * replaces newlines in the argument list with spaces.
555      *
556      * @throws ZygoteStartFailedEx if process start failed for any reason
557      */
zygoteSendArgsAndGetResult( ZygoteState zygoteState, ArrayList<String> args)558     private static ProcessStartResult zygoteSendArgsAndGetResult(
559             ZygoteState zygoteState, ArrayList<String> args)
560             throws ZygoteStartFailedEx {
561         try {
562             /**
563              * See com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.readArgumentList()
564              * Presently the wire format to the zygote process is:
565              * a) a count of arguments (argc, in essence)
566              * b) a number of newline-separated argument strings equal to count
567              *
568              * After the zygote process reads these it will write the pid of
569              * the child or -1 on failure, followed by boolean to
570              * indicate whether a wrapper process was used.
571              */
572             final BufferedWriter writer = zygoteState.writer;
573             final DataInputStream inputStream = zygoteState.inputStream;
574 
575             writer.write(Integer.toString(args.size()));
576             writer.newLine();
577 
578             int sz = args.size();
579             for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
580                 String arg = args.get(i);
581                 if (arg.indexOf('\n') >= 0) {
582                     throw new ZygoteStartFailedEx(
583                             "embedded newlines not allowed");
584                 }
585                 writer.write(arg);
586                 writer.newLine();
587             }
588 
589             writer.flush();
590 
591             // Should there be a timeout on this?
592             ProcessStartResult result = new ProcessStartResult();
593             result.pid = inputStream.readInt();
594             if (result.pid < 0) {
595                 throw new ZygoteStartFailedEx("fork() failed");
596             }
597             result.usingWrapper = inputStream.readBoolean();
598             return result;
599         } catch (IOException ex) {
600             zygoteState.close();
601             throw new ZygoteStartFailedEx(ex);
602         }
603     }
604 
605     /**
606      * Starts a new process via the zygote mechanism.
607      *
608      * @param processClass Class name whose static main() to run
609      * @param niceName 'nice' process name to appear in ps
610      * @param uid a POSIX uid that the new process should setuid() to
611      * @param gid a POSIX gid that the new process shuold setgid() to
612      * @param gids null-ok; a list of supplementary group IDs that the
613      * new process should setgroup() to.
614      * @param debugFlags Additional flags.
615      * @param targetSdkVersion The target SDK version for the app.
616      * @param seInfo null-ok SELinux information for the new process.
617      * @param abi the ABI the process should use.
618      * @param instructionSet null-ok the instruction set to use.
619      * @param appDataDir null-ok the data directory of the app.
620      * @param extraArgs Additional arguments to supply to the zygote process.
621      * @return An object that describes the result of the attempt to start the process.
622      * @throws ZygoteStartFailedEx if process start failed for any reason
623      */
startViaZygote(final String processClass, final String niceName, final int uid, final int gid, final int[] gids, int debugFlags, int mountExternal, int targetSdkVersion, String seInfo, String abi, String instructionSet, String appDataDir, String[] extraArgs)624     private static ProcessStartResult startViaZygote(final String processClass,
625                                   final String niceName,
626                                   final int uid, final int gid,
627                                   final int[] gids,
628                                   int debugFlags, int mountExternal,
629                                   int targetSdkVersion,
630                                   String seInfo,
631                                   String abi,
632                                   String instructionSet,
633                                   String appDataDir,
634                                   String[] extraArgs)
635                                   throws ZygoteStartFailedEx {
636         synchronized(Process.class) {
637             ArrayList<String> argsForZygote = new ArrayList<String>();
638 
639             // --runtime-args, --setuid=, --setgid=,
640             // and --setgroups= must go first
641             argsForZygote.add("--runtime-args");
642             argsForZygote.add("--setuid=" + uid);
643             argsForZygote.add("--setgid=" + gid);
644             if ((debugFlags & Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_JNI_LOGGING) != 0) {
645                 argsForZygote.add("--enable-jni-logging");
646             }
647             if ((debugFlags & Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_SAFEMODE) != 0) {
648                 argsForZygote.add("--enable-safemode");
649             }
650             if ((debugFlags & Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_DEBUGGER) != 0) {
651                 argsForZygote.add("--enable-debugger");
652             }
653             if ((debugFlags & Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_CHECKJNI) != 0) {
654                 argsForZygote.add("--enable-checkjni");
655             }
656             if ((debugFlags & Zygote.DEBUG_GENERATE_DEBUG_INFO) != 0) {
657                 argsForZygote.add("--generate-debug-info");
658             }
659             if ((debugFlags & Zygote.DEBUG_ALWAYS_JIT) != 0) {
660                 argsForZygote.add("--always-jit");
661             }
662             if ((debugFlags & Zygote.DEBUG_NATIVE_DEBUGGABLE) != 0) {
663                 argsForZygote.add("--native-debuggable");
664             }
665             if ((debugFlags & Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_ASSERT) != 0) {
666                 argsForZygote.add("--enable-assert");
667             }
668             if (mountExternal == Zygote.MOUNT_EXTERNAL_DEFAULT) {
669                 argsForZygote.add("--mount-external-default");
670             } else if (mountExternal == Zygote.MOUNT_EXTERNAL_READ) {
671                 argsForZygote.add("--mount-external-read");
672             } else if (mountExternal == Zygote.MOUNT_EXTERNAL_WRITE) {
673                 argsForZygote.add("--mount-external-write");
674             }
675             argsForZygote.add("--target-sdk-version=" + targetSdkVersion);
676 
677             //TODO optionally enable debuger
678             //argsForZygote.add("--enable-debugger");
679 
680             // --setgroups is a comma-separated list
681             if (gids != null && gids.length > 0) {
682                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
683                 sb.append("--setgroups=");
684 
685                 int sz = gids.length;
686                 for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
687                     if (i != 0) {
688                         sb.append(',');
689                     }
690                     sb.append(gids[i]);
691                 }
692 
693                 argsForZygote.add(sb.toString());
694             }
695 
696             if (niceName != null) {
697                 argsForZygote.add("--nice-name=" + niceName);
698             }
699 
700             if (seInfo != null) {
701                 argsForZygote.add("--seinfo=" + seInfo);
702             }
703 
704             if (instructionSet != null) {
705                 argsForZygote.add("--instruction-set=" + instructionSet);
706             }
707 
708             if (appDataDir != null) {
709                 argsForZygote.add("--app-data-dir=" + appDataDir);
710             }
711 
712             argsForZygote.add(processClass);
713 
714             if (extraArgs != null) {
715                 for (String arg : extraArgs) {
716                     argsForZygote.add(arg);
717                 }
718             }
719 
720             return zygoteSendArgsAndGetResult(openZygoteSocketIfNeeded(abi), argsForZygote);
721         }
722     }
723 
724     /**
725      * Tries to establish a connection to the zygote that handles a given {@code abi}. Might block and retry if the
726      * zygote is unresponsive. This method is a no-op if a connection is already open.
727      *
728      * @hide
729      */
establishZygoteConnectionForAbi(String abi)730     public static void establishZygoteConnectionForAbi(String abi) {
731         try {
732             openZygoteSocketIfNeeded(abi);
733         } catch (ZygoteStartFailedEx ex) {
734             throw new RuntimeException("Unable to connect to zygote for abi: " + abi, ex);
735         }
736     }
737 
738     /**
739      * Tries to open socket to Zygote process if not already open. If
740      * already open, does nothing.  May block and retry.
741      */
openZygoteSocketIfNeeded(String abi)742     private static ZygoteState openZygoteSocketIfNeeded(String abi) throws ZygoteStartFailedEx {
743         if (primaryZygoteState == null || primaryZygoteState.isClosed()) {
744             try {
745                 primaryZygoteState = ZygoteState.connect(ZYGOTE_SOCKET);
746             } catch (IOException ioe) {
747                 throw new ZygoteStartFailedEx("Error connecting to primary zygote", ioe);
748             }
749         }
750 
751         if (primaryZygoteState.matches(abi)) {
752             return primaryZygoteState;
753         }
754 
755         // The primary zygote didn't match. Try the secondary.
756         if (secondaryZygoteState == null || secondaryZygoteState.isClosed()) {
757             try {
758             secondaryZygoteState = ZygoteState.connect(SECONDARY_ZYGOTE_SOCKET);
759             } catch (IOException ioe) {
760                 throw new ZygoteStartFailedEx("Error connecting to secondary zygote", ioe);
761             }
762         }
763 
764         if (secondaryZygoteState.matches(abi)) {
765             return secondaryZygoteState;
766         }
767 
768         throw new ZygoteStartFailedEx("Unsupported zygote ABI: " + abi);
769     }
770 
771     /**
772      * Returns elapsed milliseconds of the time this process has run.
773      * @return  Returns the number of milliseconds this process has return.
774      */
getElapsedCpuTime()775     public static final native long getElapsedCpuTime();
776 
777     /**
778      * Return the {@link SystemClock#elapsedRealtime()} at which this process was started.
779      */
getStartElapsedRealtime()780     public static final long getStartElapsedRealtime() {
781         return sStartElapsedRealtime;
782     }
783 
784     /**
785      * Return the {@link SystemClock#uptimeMillis()} at which this process was started.
786      */
getStartUptimeMillis()787     public static final long getStartUptimeMillis() {
788         return sStartUptimeMillis;
789     }
790 
791     /** @hide */
setStartTimes(long elapsedRealtime, long uptimeMillis)792     public static final void setStartTimes(long elapsedRealtime, long uptimeMillis) {
793         sStartElapsedRealtime = elapsedRealtime;
794         sStartUptimeMillis = uptimeMillis;
795     }
796 
797     /**
798      * Returns true if the current process is a 64-bit runtime.
799      */
is64Bit()800     public static final boolean is64Bit() {
801         return VMRuntime.getRuntime().is64Bit();
802     }
803 
804     /**
805      * Returns the identifier of this process, which can be used with
806      * {@link #killProcess} and {@link #sendSignal}.
807      */
myPid()808     public static final int myPid() {
809         return Os.getpid();
810     }
811 
812     /**
813      * Returns the identifier of this process' parent.
814      * @hide
815      */
myPpid()816     public static final int myPpid() {
817         return Os.getppid();
818     }
819 
820     /**
821      * Returns the identifier of the calling thread, which be used with
822      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)}.
823      */
myTid()824     public static final int myTid() {
825         return Os.gettid();
826     }
827 
828     /**
829      * Returns the identifier of this process's uid.  This is the kernel uid
830      * that the process is running under, which is the identity of its
831      * app-specific sandbox.  It is different from {@link #myUserHandle} in that
832      * a uid identifies a specific app sandbox in a specific user.
833      */
myUid()834     public static final int myUid() {
835         return Os.getuid();
836     }
837 
838     /**
839      * Returns this process's user handle.  This is the
840      * user the process is running under.  It is distinct from
841      * {@link #myUid()} in that a particular user will have multiple
842      * distinct apps running under it each with their own uid.
843      */
myUserHandle()844     public static UserHandle myUserHandle() {
845         return UserHandle.of(UserHandle.getUserId(myUid()));
846     }
847 
848     /**
849      * Returns whether the given uid belongs to an application.
850      * @param uid A kernel uid.
851      * @return Whether the uid corresponds to an application sandbox running in
852      *     a specific user.
853      */
isApplicationUid(int uid)854     public static boolean isApplicationUid(int uid) {
855         return UserHandle.isApp(uid);
856     }
857 
858     /**
859      * Returns whether the current process is in an isolated sandbox.
860      * @hide
861      */
isIsolated()862     public static final boolean isIsolated() {
863         return isIsolated(myUid());
864     }
865 
866     /** {@hide} */
isIsolated(int uid)867     public static final boolean isIsolated(int uid) {
868         uid = UserHandle.getAppId(uid);
869         return uid >= FIRST_ISOLATED_UID && uid <= LAST_ISOLATED_UID;
870     }
871 
872     /**
873      * Returns the UID assigned to a particular user name, or -1 if there is
874      * none.  If the given string consists of only numbers, it is converted
875      * directly to a uid.
876      */
getUidForName(String name)877     public static final native int getUidForName(String name);
878 
879     /**
880      * Returns the GID assigned to a particular user name, or -1 if there is
881      * none.  If the given string consists of only numbers, it is converted
882      * directly to a gid.
883      */
getGidForName(String name)884     public static final native int getGidForName(String name);
885 
886     /**
887      * Returns a uid for a currently running process.
888      * @param pid the process id
889      * @return the uid of the process, or -1 if the process is not running.
890      * @hide pending API council review
891      */
getUidForPid(int pid)892     public static final int getUidForPid(int pid) {
893         String[] procStatusLabels = { "Uid:" };
894         long[] procStatusValues = new long[1];
895         procStatusValues[0] = -1;
896         Process.readProcLines("/proc/" + pid + "/status", procStatusLabels, procStatusValues);
897         return (int) procStatusValues[0];
898     }
899 
900     /**
901      * Returns the parent process id for a currently running process.
902      * @param pid the process id
903      * @return the parent process id of the process, or -1 if the process is not running.
904      * @hide
905      */
getParentPid(int pid)906     public static final int getParentPid(int pid) {
907         String[] procStatusLabels = { "PPid:" };
908         long[] procStatusValues = new long[1];
909         procStatusValues[0] = -1;
910         Process.readProcLines("/proc/" + pid + "/status", procStatusLabels, procStatusValues);
911         return (int) procStatusValues[0];
912     }
913 
914     /**
915      * Returns the thread group leader id for a currently running thread.
916      * @param tid the thread id
917      * @return the thread group leader id of the thread, or -1 if the thread is not running.
918      *         This is same as what getpid(2) would return if called by tid.
919      * @hide
920      */
getThreadGroupLeader(int tid)921     public static final int getThreadGroupLeader(int tid) {
922         String[] procStatusLabels = { "Tgid:" };
923         long[] procStatusValues = new long[1];
924         procStatusValues[0] = -1;
925         Process.readProcLines("/proc/" + tid + "/status", procStatusLabels, procStatusValues);
926         return (int) procStatusValues[0];
927     }
928 
929     /**
930      * Set the priority of a thread, based on Linux priorities.
931      *
932      * @param tid The identifier of the thread/process to change.
933      * @param priority A Linux priority level, from -20 for highest scheduling
934      * priority to 19 for lowest scheduling priority.
935      *
936      * @throws IllegalArgumentException Throws IllegalArgumentException if
937      * <var>tid</var> does not exist.
938      * @throws SecurityException Throws SecurityException if your process does
939      * not have permission to modify the given thread, or to use the given
940      * priority.
941      */
setThreadPriority(int tid, int priority)942     public static final native void setThreadPriority(int tid, int priority)
943             throws IllegalArgumentException, SecurityException;
944 
945     /**
946      * Call with 'false' to cause future calls to {@link #setThreadPriority(int)} to
947      * throw an exception if passed a background-level thread priority.  This is only
948      * effective if the JNI layer is built with GUARD_THREAD_PRIORITY defined to 1.
949      *
950      * @hide
951      */
setCanSelfBackground(boolean backgroundOk)952     public static final native void setCanSelfBackground(boolean backgroundOk);
953 
954     /**
955      * Sets the scheduling group for a thread.
956      * @hide
957      * @param tid The identifier of the thread to change.
958      * @param group The target group for this thread from THREAD_GROUP_*.
959      *
960      * @throws IllegalArgumentException Throws IllegalArgumentException if
961      * <var>tid</var> does not exist.
962      * @throws SecurityException Throws SecurityException if your process does
963      * not have permission to modify the given thread, or to use the given
964      * priority.
965      * If the thread is a thread group leader, that is it's gettid() == getpid(),
966      * then the other threads in the same thread group are _not_ affected.
967      */
setThreadGroup(int tid, int group)968     public static final native void setThreadGroup(int tid, int group)
969             throws IllegalArgumentException, SecurityException;
970 
971     /**
972      * Sets the scheduling group for a process and all child threads
973      * @hide
974      * @param pid The identifier of the process to change.
975      * @param group The target group for this process from THREAD_GROUP_*.
976      *
977      * @throws IllegalArgumentException Throws IllegalArgumentException if
978      * <var>tid</var> does not exist.
979      * @throws SecurityException Throws SecurityException if your process does
980      * not have permission to modify the given thread, or to use the given
981      * priority.
982      *
983      * group == THREAD_GROUP_DEFAULT means to move all non-background priority
984      * threads to the foreground scheduling group, but to leave background
985      * priority threads alone.  group == THREAD_GROUP_BG_NONINTERACTIVE moves all
986      * threads, regardless of priority, to the background scheduling group.
987      * group == THREAD_GROUP_FOREGROUND is not allowed.
988      */
setProcessGroup(int pid, int group)989     public static final native void setProcessGroup(int pid, int group)
990             throws IllegalArgumentException, SecurityException;
991 
992     /**
993      * Return the scheduling group of requested process.
994      *
995      * @hide
996      */
getProcessGroup(int pid)997     public static final native int getProcessGroup(int pid)
998             throws IllegalArgumentException, SecurityException;
999 
1000     /**
1001      * On some devices, the foreground process may have one or more CPU
1002      * cores exclusively reserved for it. This method can be used to
1003      * retrieve which cores that are (if any), so the calling process
1004      * can then use sched_setaffinity() to lock a thread to these cores.
1005      * Note that the calling process must currently be running in the
1006      * foreground for this method to return any cores.
1007      *
1008      * The CPU core(s) exclusively reserved for the foreground process will
1009      * stay reserved for as long as the process stays in the foreground.
1010      *
1011      * As soon as a process leaves the foreground, those CPU cores will
1012      * no longer be reserved for it, and will most likely be reserved for
1013      * the new foreground process. It's not necessary to change the affinity
1014      * of your process when it leaves the foreground (if you had previously
1015      * set it to use a reserved core); the OS will automatically take care
1016      * of resetting the affinity at that point.
1017      *
1018      * @return an array of integers, indicating the CPU cores exclusively
1019      * reserved for this process. The array will have length zero if no
1020      * CPU cores are exclusively reserved for this process at this point
1021      * in time.
1022      */
getExclusiveCores()1023     public static final native int[] getExclusiveCores();
1024 
1025     /**
1026      * Set the priority of the calling thread, based on Linux priorities.  See
1027      * {@link #setThreadPriority(int, int)} for more information.
1028      *
1029      * @param priority A Linux priority level, from -20 for highest scheduling
1030      * priority to 19 for lowest scheduling priority.
1031      *
1032      * @throws IllegalArgumentException Throws IllegalArgumentException if
1033      * <var>tid</var> does not exist.
1034      * @throws SecurityException Throws SecurityException if your process does
1035      * not have permission to modify the given thread, or to use the given
1036      * priority.
1037      *
1038      * @see #setThreadPriority(int, int)
1039      */
setThreadPriority(int priority)1040     public static final native void setThreadPriority(int priority)
1041             throws IllegalArgumentException, SecurityException;
1042 
1043     /**
1044      * Return the current priority of a thread, based on Linux priorities.
1045      *
1046      * @param tid The identifier of the thread/process to change.
1047      *
1048      * @return Returns the current priority, as a Linux priority level,
1049      * from -20 for highest scheduling priority to 19 for lowest scheduling
1050      * priority.
1051      *
1052      * @throws IllegalArgumentException Throws IllegalArgumentException if
1053      * <var>tid</var> does not exist.
1054      */
getThreadPriority(int tid)1055     public static final native int getThreadPriority(int tid)
1056             throws IllegalArgumentException;
1057 
1058     /**
1059      * Set the scheduling policy and priority of a thread, based on Linux.
1060      *
1061      * @param tid The identifier of the thread/process to change.
1062      * @param policy A Linux scheduling policy such as SCHED_OTHER etc.
1063      * @param priority A Linux priority level in a range appropriate for the given policy.
1064      *
1065      * @throws IllegalArgumentException Throws IllegalArgumentException if
1066      * <var>tid</var> does not exist, or if <var>priority</var> is out of range for the policy.
1067      * @throws SecurityException Throws SecurityException if your process does
1068      * not have permission to modify the given thread, or to use the given
1069      * scheduling policy or priority.
1070      *
1071      * {@hide}
1072      */
setThreadScheduler(int tid, int policy, int priority)1073     public static final native void setThreadScheduler(int tid, int policy, int priority)
1074             throws IllegalArgumentException;
1075 
1076     /**
1077      * Determine whether the current environment supports multiple processes.
1078      *
1079      * @return Returns true if the system can run in multiple processes, else
1080      * false if everything is running in a single process.
1081      *
1082      * @deprecated This method always returns true.  Do not use.
1083      */
1084     @Deprecated
supportsProcesses()1085     public static final boolean supportsProcesses() {
1086         return true;
1087     }
1088 
1089     /**
1090      * Adjust the swappiness level for a process.
1091      *
1092      * @param pid The process identifier to set.
1093      * @param is_increased Whether swappiness should be increased or default.
1094      *
1095      * @return Returns true if the underlying system supports this
1096      *         feature, else false.
1097      *
1098      * {@hide}
1099      */
setSwappiness(int pid, boolean is_increased)1100     public static final native boolean setSwappiness(int pid, boolean is_increased);
1101 
1102     /**
1103      * Change this process's argv[0] parameter.  This can be useful to show
1104      * more descriptive information in things like the 'ps' command.
1105      *
1106      * @param text The new name of this process.
1107      *
1108      * {@hide}
1109      */
setArgV0(String text)1110     public static final native void setArgV0(String text);
1111 
1112     /**
1113      * Kill the process with the given PID.
1114      * Note that, though this API allows us to request to
1115      * kill any process based on its PID, the kernel will
1116      * still impose standard restrictions on which PIDs you
1117      * are actually able to kill.  Typically this means only
1118      * the process running the caller's packages/application
1119      * and any additional processes created by that app; packages
1120      * sharing a common UID will also be able to kill each
1121      * other's processes.
1122      */
killProcess(int pid)1123     public static final void killProcess(int pid) {
1124         sendSignal(pid, SIGNAL_KILL);
1125     }
1126 
1127     /** @hide */
setUid(int uid)1128     public static final native int setUid(int uid);
1129 
1130     /** @hide */
setGid(int uid)1131     public static final native int setGid(int uid);
1132 
1133     /**
1134      * Send a signal to the given process.
1135      *
1136      * @param pid The pid of the target process.
1137      * @param signal The signal to send.
1138      */
sendSignal(int pid, int signal)1139     public static final native void sendSignal(int pid, int signal);
1140 
1141     /**
1142      * @hide
1143      * Private impl for avoiding a log message...  DO NOT USE without doing
1144      * your own log, or the Android Illuminati will find you some night and
1145      * beat you up.
1146      */
killProcessQuiet(int pid)1147     public static final void killProcessQuiet(int pid) {
1148         sendSignalQuiet(pid, SIGNAL_KILL);
1149     }
1150 
1151     /**
1152      * @hide
1153      * Private impl for avoiding a log message...  DO NOT USE without doing
1154      * your own log, or the Android Illuminati will find you some night and
1155      * beat you up.
1156      */
sendSignalQuiet(int pid, int signal)1157     public static final native void sendSignalQuiet(int pid, int signal);
1158 
1159     /** @hide */
getFreeMemory()1160     public static final native long getFreeMemory();
1161 
1162     /** @hide */
getTotalMemory()1163     public static final native long getTotalMemory();
1164 
1165     /** @hide */
readProcLines(String path, String[] reqFields, long[] outSizes)1166     public static final native void readProcLines(String path,
1167             String[] reqFields, long[] outSizes);
1168 
1169     /** @hide */
getPids(String path, int[] lastArray)1170     public static final native int[] getPids(String path, int[] lastArray);
1171 
1172     /** @hide */
1173     public static final int PROC_TERM_MASK = 0xff;
1174     /** @hide */
1175     public static final int PROC_ZERO_TERM = 0;
1176     /** @hide */
1177     public static final int PROC_SPACE_TERM = (int)' ';
1178     /** @hide */
1179     public static final int PROC_TAB_TERM = (int)'\t';
1180     /** @hide */
1181     public static final int PROC_COMBINE = 0x100;
1182     /** @hide */
1183     public static final int PROC_PARENS = 0x200;
1184     /** @hide */
1185     public static final int PROC_QUOTES = 0x400;
1186     /** @hide */
1187     public static final int PROC_CHAR = 0x800;
1188     /** @hide */
1189     public static final int PROC_OUT_STRING = 0x1000;
1190     /** @hide */
1191     public static final int PROC_OUT_LONG = 0x2000;
1192     /** @hide */
1193     public static final int PROC_OUT_FLOAT = 0x4000;
1194 
1195     /** @hide */
readProcFile(String file, int[] format, String[] outStrings, long[] outLongs, float[] outFloats)1196     public static final native boolean readProcFile(String file, int[] format,
1197             String[] outStrings, long[] outLongs, float[] outFloats);
1198 
1199     /** @hide */
parseProcLine(byte[] buffer, int startIndex, int endIndex, int[] format, String[] outStrings, long[] outLongs, float[] outFloats)1200     public static final native boolean parseProcLine(byte[] buffer, int startIndex,
1201             int endIndex, int[] format, String[] outStrings, long[] outLongs, float[] outFloats);
1202 
1203     /** @hide */
getPidsForCommands(String[] cmds)1204     public static final native int[] getPidsForCommands(String[] cmds);
1205 
1206     /**
1207      * Gets the total Pss value for a given process, in bytes.
1208      *
1209      * @param pid the process to the Pss for
1210      * @return the total Pss value for the given process in bytes,
1211      *  or -1 if the value cannot be determined
1212      * @hide
1213      */
getPss(int pid)1214     public static final native long getPss(int pid);
1215 
1216     /**
1217      * Specifies the outcome of having started a process.
1218      * @hide
1219      */
1220     public static final class ProcessStartResult {
1221         /**
1222          * The PID of the newly started process.
1223          * Always >= 0.  (If the start failed, an exception will have been thrown instead.)
1224          */
1225         public int pid;
1226 
1227         /**
1228          * True if the process was started with a wrapper attached.
1229          */
1230         public boolean usingWrapper;
1231     }
1232 
1233     /**
1234      * Kill all processes in a process group started for the given
1235      * pid.
1236      * @hide
1237      */
killProcessGroup(int uid, int pid)1238     public static final native int killProcessGroup(int uid, int pid);
1239 
1240     /**
1241      * Remove all process groups.  Expected to be called when ActivityManager
1242      * is restarted.
1243      * @hide
1244      */
removeAllProcessGroups()1245     public static final native void removeAllProcessGroups();
1246 }
1247