1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2011 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #ifndef ART_RUNTIME_TRACE_H_
18 #define ART_RUNTIME_TRACE_H_
19 
20 #include <bitset>
21 #include <map>
22 #include <memory>
23 #include <ostream>
24 #include <set>
25 #include <string>
26 #include <unordered_map>
27 #include <vector>
28 
29 #include "atomic.h"
30 #include "base/macros.h"
31 #include "globals.h"
32 #include "instrumentation.h"
33 #include "os.h"
34 #include "safe_map.h"
35 
36 namespace art {
37 
38 class ArtField;
39 class ArtMethod;
40 class DexFile;
41 class Thread;
42 
43 using DexIndexBitSet = std::bitset<65536>;
44 using ThreadIDBitSet = std::bitset<65536>;
45 
46 enum TracingMode {
47   kTracingInactive,
48   kMethodTracingActive,
49   kSampleProfilingActive,
50 };
51 
52 // File format:
53 //     header
54 //     record 0
55 //     record 1
56 //     ...
57 //
58 // Header format:
59 //     u4  magic ('SLOW')
60 //     u2  version
61 //     u2  offset to data
62 //     u8  start date/time in usec
63 //     u2  record size in bytes (version >= 2 only)
64 //     ... padding to 32 bytes
65 //
66 // Record format v1:
67 //     u1  thread ID
68 //     u4  method ID | method action
69 //     u4  time delta since start, in usec
70 //
71 // Record format v2:
72 //     u2  thread ID
73 //     u4  method ID | method action
74 //     u4  time delta since start, in usec
75 //
76 // Record format v3:
77 //     u2  thread ID
78 //     u4  method ID | method action
79 //     u4  time delta since start, in usec
80 //     u4  wall time since start, in usec (when clock == "dual" only)
81 //
82 // 32 bits of microseconds is 70 minutes.
83 //
84 // All values are stored in little-endian order.
85 
86 enum TraceAction {
87     kTraceMethodEnter = 0x00,       // method entry
88     kTraceMethodExit = 0x01,        // method exit
89     kTraceUnroll = 0x02,            // method exited by exception unrolling
90     // 0x03 currently unused
91     kTraceMethodActionMask = 0x03,  // two bits
92 };
93 
94 class Trace FINAL : public instrumentation::InstrumentationListener {
95  public:
96   enum TraceFlag {
97     kTraceCountAllocs = 1,
98   };
99 
100   enum class TraceOutputMode {
101     kFile,
102     kDDMS,
103     kStreaming
104   };
105 
106   enum class TraceMode {
107     kMethodTracing,
108     kSampling
109   };
110 
111   ~Trace();
112 
113   static void SetDefaultClockSource(TraceClockSource clock_source);
114 
115   static void Start(const char* trace_filename, int trace_fd, size_t buffer_size, int flags,
116                     TraceOutputMode output_mode, TraceMode trace_mode, int interval_us)
117       REQUIRES(!Locks::mutator_lock_, !Locks::thread_list_lock_, !Locks::thread_suspend_count_lock_,
118                !Locks::trace_lock_);
119   static void Pause() REQUIRES(!Locks::trace_lock_, !Locks::thread_list_lock_);
120   static void Resume() REQUIRES(!Locks::trace_lock_);
121 
122   // Stop tracing. This will finish the trace and write it to file/send it via DDMS.
123   static void Stop()
124       REQUIRES(!Locks::mutator_lock_, !Locks::thread_list_lock_, !Locks::trace_lock_);
125   // Abort tracing. This will just stop tracing and *not* write/send the collected data.
126   static void Abort()
127       REQUIRES(!Locks::mutator_lock_, !Locks::thread_list_lock_, !Locks::trace_lock_);
128   static void Shutdown()
129       REQUIRES(!Locks::mutator_lock_, !Locks::thread_list_lock_, !Locks::trace_lock_);
130   static TracingMode GetMethodTracingMode() REQUIRES(!Locks::trace_lock_);
131 
132   bool UseWallClock();
133   bool UseThreadCpuClock();
134   void MeasureClockOverhead();
135   uint32_t GetClockOverheadNanoSeconds();
136 
137   void CompareAndUpdateStackTrace(Thread* thread, std::vector<ArtMethod*>* stack_trace)
138       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_, !*streaming_lock_);
139 
140   // InstrumentationListener implementation.
141   void MethodEntered(Thread* thread, mirror::Object* this_object,
142                      ArtMethod* method, uint32_t dex_pc)
143       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_, !*streaming_lock_)
144       OVERRIDE;
145   void MethodExited(Thread* thread, mirror::Object* this_object,
146                     ArtMethod* method, uint32_t dex_pc,
147                     const JValue& return_value)
148       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_, !*streaming_lock_)
149       OVERRIDE;
150   void MethodUnwind(Thread* thread, mirror::Object* this_object,
151                     ArtMethod* method, uint32_t dex_pc)
152       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_, !*streaming_lock_)
153       OVERRIDE;
154   void DexPcMoved(Thread* thread, mirror::Object* this_object,
155                   ArtMethod* method, uint32_t new_dex_pc)
156       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_, !*streaming_lock_)
157       OVERRIDE;
158   void FieldRead(Thread* thread, mirror::Object* this_object,
159                  ArtMethod* method, uint32_t dex_pc, ArtField* field)
160       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_) OVERRIDE;
161   void FieldWritten(Thread* thread, mirror::Object* this_object,
162                     ArtMethod* method, uint32_t dex_pc, ArtField* field,
163                     const JValue& field_value)
164       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_) OVERRIDE;
165   void ExceptionCaught(Thread* thread, mirror::Throwable* exception_object)
166       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_) OVERRIDE;
167   void Branch(Thread* thread, ArtMethod* method, uint32_t dex_pc, int32_t dex_pc_offset)
168       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_) OVERRIDE;
169   void InvokeVirtualOrInterface(Thread* thread,
170                                 mirror::Object* this_object,
171                                 ArtMethod* caller,
172                                 uint32_t dex_pc,
173                                 ArtMethod* callee)
174       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_) OVERRIDE;
175   // Reuse an old stack trace if it exists, otherwise allocate a new one.
176   static std::vector<ArtMethod*>* AllocStackTrace();
177   // Clear and store an old stack trace for later use.
178   static void FreeStackTrace(std::vector<ArtMethod*>* stack_trace);
179   // Save id and name of a thread before it exits.
180   static void StoreExitingThreadInfo(Thread* thread);
181 
182   static TraceOutputMode GetOutputMode() REQUIRES(!Locks::trace_lock_);
183   static TraceMode GetMode() REQUIRES(!Locks::trace_lock_);
184   static size_t GetBufferSize() REQUIRES(!Locks::trace_lock_);
185 
186   // Used by class linker to prevent class unloading.
187   static bool IsTracingEnabled() REQUIRES(!Locks::trace_lock_);
188 
189  private:
190   Trace(File* trace_file, const char* trace_name, size_t buffer_size, int flags,
191         TraceOutputMode output_mode, TraceMode trace_mode);
192 
193   // The sampling interval in microseconds is passed as an argument.
194   static void* RunSamplingThread(void* arg) REQUIRES(!Locks::trace_lock_);
195 
196   static void StopTracing(bool finish_tracing, bool flush_file)
197       REQUIRES(!Locks::mutator_lock_, !Locks::thread_list_lock_, !Locks::trace_lock_)
198       // There is an annoying issue with static functions that create a new object and call into
199       // that object that causes them to not be able to tell that we don't currently hold the lock.
200       // This causes the negative annotations to incorrectly have a false positive. TODO: Figure out
201       // how to annotate this.
202       NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
203   void FinishTracing() SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_);
204 
205   void ReadClocks(Thread* thread, uint32_t* thread_clock_diff, uint32_t* wall_clock_diff);
206 
207   void LogMethodTraceEvent(Thread* thread, ArtMethod* method,
208                            instrumentation::Instrumentation::InstrumentationEvent event,
209                            uint32_t thread_clock_diff, uint32_t wall_clock_diff)
210       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_, !*streaming_lock_);
211 
212   // Methods to output traced methods and threads.
213   void GetVisitedMethods(size_t end_offset, std::set<ArtMethod*>* visited_methods)
214       REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_);
215   void DumpMethodList(std::ostream& os, const std::set<ArtMethod*>& visited_methods)
216       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_);
217   void DumpThreadList(std::ostream& os) REQUIRES(!Locks::thread_list_lock_);
218 
219   // Methods to register seen entitites in streaming mode. The methods return true if the entity
220   // is newly discovered.
221   bool RegisterMethod(ArtMethod* method)
222       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(streaming_lock_);
223   bool RegisterThread(Thread* thread)
224       REQUIRES(streaming_lock_);
225 
226   // Copy a temporary buffer to the main buffer. Used for streaming. Exposed here for lock
227   // annotation.
228   void WriteToBuf(const uint8_t* src, size_t src_size)
229       REQUIRES(streaming_lock_);
230 
231   uint32_t EncodeTraceMethod(ArtMethod* method) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_);
232   uint32_t EncodeTraceMethodAndAction(ArtMethod* method, TraceAction action)
233       REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_);
234   ArtMethod* DecodeTraceMethod(uint32_t tmid) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_);
235   std::string GetMethodLine(ArtMethod* method) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_)
236       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_);
237 
238   void DumpBuf(uint8_t* buf, size_t buf_size, TraceClockSource clock_source)
239       SHARED_REQUIRES(Locks::mutator_lock_) REQUIRES(!*unique_methods_lock_);
240 
241   // Singleton instance of the Trace or null when no method tracing is active.
242   static Trace* volatile the_trace_ GUARDED_BY(Locks::trace_lock_);
243 
244   // The default profiler clock source.
245   static TraceClockSource default_clock_source_;
246 
247   // Sampling thread, non-zero when sampling.
248   static pthread_t sampling_pthread_;
249 
250   // Used to remember an unused stack trace to avoid re-allocation during sampling.
251   static std::unique_ptr<std::vector<ArtMethod*>> temp_stack_trace_;
252 
253   // File to write trace data out to, null if direct to ddms.
254   std::unique_ptr<File> trace_file_;
255 
256   // Buffer to store trace data.
257   std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> buf_;
258 
259   // Flags enabling extra tracing of things such as alloc counts.
260   const int flags_;
261 
262   // The kind of output for this tracing.
263   const TraceOutputMode trace_output_mode_;
264 
265   // The tracing method.
266   const TraceMode trace_mode_;
267 
268   const TraceClockSource clock_source_;
269 
270   // Size of buf_.
271   const size_t buffer_size_;
272 
273   // Time trace was created.
274   const uint64_t start_time_;
275 
276   // Clock overhead.
277   const uint32_t clock_overhead_ns_;
278 
279   // Offset into buf_.
280   AtomicInteger cur_offset_;
281 
282   // Did we overflow the buffer recording traces?
283   bool overflow_;
284 
285   // Map of thread ids and names that have already exited.
286   SafeMap<pid_t, std::string> exited_threads_;
287 
288   // Sampling profiler sampling interval.
289   int interval_us_;
290 
291   // Streaming mode data.
292   std::string streaming_file_name_;
293   Mutex* streaming_lock_;
294   std::map<const DexFile*, DexIndexBitSet*> seen_methods_;
295   std::unique_ptr<ThreadIDBitSet> seen_threads_;
296 
297   // Bijective map from ArtMethod* to index.
298   // Map from ArtMethod* to index in unique_methods_;
299   Mutex* unique_methods_lock_ ACQUIRED_AFTER(streaming_lock_);
300   std::unordered_map<ArtMethod*, uint32_t> art_method_id_map_ GUARDED_BY(unique_methods_lock_);
301   std::vector<ArtMethod*> unique_methods_ GUARDED_BY(unique_methods_lock_);
302 
303   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Trace);
304 };
305 
306 }  // namespace art
307 
308 #endif  // ART_RUNTIME_TRACE_H_
309