1 // Copyright (c) 2006, Google Inc.
2 // All rights reserved.
3 //
4 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5 // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
6 // met:
7 //
8 //     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 //     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
11 // copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
12 // in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
13 // distribution.
14 //     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
15 // contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
16 // this software without specific prior written permission.
17 //
18 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
19 // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
20 // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
21 // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
22 // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
23 // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
24 // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
25 // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
26 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
27 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
28 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
29 //
30 // file_id.cc: Return a unique identifier for a file
31 //
32 // See file_id.h for documentation
33 //
34 
35 #include "common/linux/file_id.h"
36 
37 #include <arpa/inet.h>
38 #include <assert.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 
41 #include <algorithm>
42 
43 #include "common/linux/elf_gnu_compat.h"
44 #include "common/linux/elfutils.h"
45 #include "common/linux/linux_libc_support.h"
46 #include "common/linux/memory_mapped_file.h"
47 #include "third_party/lss/linux_syscall_support.h"
48 
49 namespace google_breakpad {
50 
FileID(const char * path)51 FileID::FileID(const char* path) : path_(path) {}
52 
53 // ELF note name and desc are 32-bits word padded.
54 #define NOTE_PADDING(a) ((a + 3) & ~3)
55 
56 // These functions are also used inside the crashed process, so be safe
57 // and use the syscall/libc wrappers instead of direct syscalls or libc.
58 
59 template<typename ElfClass>
ElfClassBuildIDNoteIdentifier(const void * section,size_t length,uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize])60 static bool ElfClassBuildIDNoteIdentifier(const void *section, size_t length,
61                                           uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize]) {
62   typedef typename ElfClass::Nhdr Nhdr;
63 
64   const void* section_end = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(section) + length;
65   const Nhdr* note_header = reinterpret_cast<const Nhdr*>(section);
66   while (reinterpret_cast<const void *>(note_header) < section_end) {
67     if (note_header->n_type == NT_GNU_BUILD_ID)
68       break;
69     note_header = reinterpret_cast<const Nhdr*>(
70                   reinterpret_cast<const char*>(note_header) + sizeof(Nhdr) +
71                   NOTE_PADDING(note_header->n_namesz) +
72                   NOTE_PADDING(note_header->n_descsz));
73   }
74   if (reinterpret_cast<const void *>(note_header) >= section_end ||
75       note_header->n_descsz == 0) {
76     return false;
77   }
78 
79   const char* build_id = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(note_header) +
80     sizeof(Nhdr) + NOTE_PADDING(note_header->n_namesz);
81   // Copy as many bits of the build ID as will fit
82   // into the GUID space.
83   my_memset(identifier, 0, kMDGUIDSize);
84   memcpy(identifier, build_id,
85          std::min(kMDGUIDSize, (size_t)note_header->n_descsz));
86 
87   return true;
88 }
89 
90 // Attempt to locate a .note.gnu.build-id section in an ELF binary
91 // and copy as many bytes of it as will fit into |identifier|.
FindElfBuildIDNote(const void * elf_mapped_base,uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize])92 static bool FindElfBuildIDNote(const void *elf_mapped_base,
93                                uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize]) {
94   void* note_section;
95   size_t note_size;
96   int elfclass;
97   if ((!FindElfSegment(elf_mapped_base, PT_NOTE,
98                        (const void**)&note_section, &note_size, &elfclass) ||
99       note_size == 0)  &&
100       (!FindElfSection(elf_mapped_base, ".note.gnu.build-id", SHT_NOTE,
101                        (const void**)&note_section, &note_size, &elfclass) ||
102       note_size == 0)) {
103     return false;
104   }
105 
106   if (elfclass == ELFCLASS32) {
107     return ElfClassBuildIDNoteIdentifier<ElfClass32>(note_section, note_size,
108                                                      identifier);
109   } else if (elfclass == ELFCLASS64) {
110     return ElfClassBuildIDNoteIdentifier<ElfClass64>(note_section, note_size,
111                                                      identifier);
112   }
113 
114   return false;
115 }
116 
117 // Attempt to locate the .text section of an ELF binary and generate
118 // a simple hash by XORing the first page worth of bytes into |identifier|.
HashElfTextSection(const void * elf_mapped_base,uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize])119 static bool HashElfTextSection(const void *elf_mapped_base,
120                                uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize]) {
121   void* text_section;
122   size_t text_size;
123   if (!FindElfSection(elf_mapped_base, ".text", SHT_PROGBITS,
124                       (const void**)&text_section, &text_size, NULL) ||
125       text_size == 0) {
126     return false;
127   }
128 
129   my_memset(identifier, 0, kMDGUIDSize);
130   const uint8_t* ptr = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(text_section);
131   const uint8_t* ptr_end = ptr + std::min(text_size, static_cast<size_t>(4096));
132   while (ptr < ptr_end) {
133     for (unsigned i = 0; i < kMDGUIDSize; i++)
134       identifier[i] ^= ptr[i];
135     ptr += kMDGUIDSize;
136   }
137   return true;
138 }
139 
140 // static
ElfFileIdentifierFromMappedFile(const void * base,uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize])141 bool FileID::ElfFileIdentifierFromMappedFile(const void* base,
142                                              uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize]) {
143   // Look for a build id note first.
144   if (FindElfBuildIDNote(base, identifier))
145     return true;
146 
147   // Fall back on hashing the first page of the text section.
148   return HashElfTextSection(base, identifier);
149 }
150 
ElfFileIdentifier(uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize])151 bool FileID::ElfFileIdentifier(uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize]) {
152   MemoryMappedFile mapped_file(path_.c_str(), 0);
153   if (!mapped_file.data())  // Should probably check if size >= ElfW(Ehdr)?
154     return false;
155 
156   return ElfFileIdentifierFromMappedFile(mapped_file.data(), identifier);
157 }
158 
159 // static
ConvertIdentifierToString(const uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize],char * buffer,int buffer_length)160 void FileID::ConvertIdentifierToString(const uint8_t identifier[kMDGUIDSize],
161                                        char* buffer, int buffer_length) {
162   uint8_t identifier_swapped[kMDGUIDSize];
163 
164   // Endian-ness swap to match dump processor expectation.
165   memcpy(identifier_swapped, identifier, kMDGUIDSize);
166   uint32_t* data1 = reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(identifier_swapped);
167   *data1 = htonl(*data1);
168   uint16_t* data2 = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(identifier_swapped + 4);
169   *data2 = htons(*data2);
170   uint16_t* data3 = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(identifier_swapped + 6);
171   *data3 = htons(*data3);
172 
173   int buffer_idx = 0;
174   for (unsigned int idx = 0;
175        (buffer_idx < buffer_length) && (idx < kMDGUIDSize);
176        ++idx) {
177     int hi = (identifier_swapped[idx] >> 4) & 0x0F;
178     int lo = (identifier_swapped[idx]) & 0x0F;
179 
180     if (idx == 4 || idx == 6 || idx == 8 || idx == 10)
181       buffer[buffer_idx++] = '-';
182 
183     buffer[buffer_idx++] = (hi >= 10) ? 'A' + hi - 10 : '0' + hi;
184     buffer[buffer_idx++] = (lo >= 10) ? 'A' + lo - 10 : '0' + lo;
185   }
186 
187   // NULL terminate
188   buffer[(buffer_idx < buffer_length) ? buffer_idx : buffer_idx - 1] = 0;
189 }
190 
191 }  // namespace google_breakpad
192