1 //== ObjCContainersASTChecker.cpp - CoreFoundation containers API *- C++ -*-==//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // An AST checker that looks for common pitfalls when using 'CFArray',
11 // 'CFDictionary', 'CFSet' APIs.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 #include "ClangSACheckers.h"
15 #include "clang/AST/StmtVisitor.h"
16 #include "clang/Analysis/AnalysisContext.h"
17 #include "clang/Basic/TargetInfo.h"
18 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/BugReporter/BugReporter.h"
19 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/Checker.h"
20 #include "clang/StaticAnalyzer/Core/PathSensitive/AnalysisManager.h"
21 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
22 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
23 
24 using namespace clang;
25 using namespace ento;
26 
27 namespace {
28 class WalkAST : public StmtVisitor<WalkAST> {
29   BugReporter &BR;
30   const CheckerBase *Checker;
31   AnalysisDeclContext* AC;
32   ASTContext &ASTC;
33   uint64_t PtrWidth;
34 
35   /// Check if the type has pointer size (very conservative).
isPointerSize(const Type * T)36   inline bool isPointerSize(const Type *T) {
37     if (!T)
38       return true;
39     if (T->isIncompleteType())
40       return true;
41     return (ASTC.getTypeSize(T) == PtrWidth);
42   }
43 
44   /// Check if the type is a pointer/array to pointer sized values.
hasPointerToPointerSizedType(const Expr * E)45   inline bool hasPointerToPointerSizedType(const Expr *E) {
46     QualType T = E->getType();
47 
48     // The type could be either a pointer or array.
49     const Type *TP = T.getTypePtr();
50     QualType PointeeT = TP->getPointeeType();
51     if (!PointeeT.isNull()) {
52       // If the type is a pointer to an array, check the size of the array
53       // elements. To avoid false positives coming from assumption that the
54       // values x and &x are equal when x is an array.
55       if (const Type *TElem = PointeeT->getArrayElementTypeNoTypeQual())
56         if (isPointerSize(TElem))
57           return true;
58 
59       // Else, check the pointee size.
60       return isPointerSize(PointeeT.getTypePtr());
61     }
62 
63     if (const Type *TElem = TP->getArrayElementTypeNoTypeQual())
64       return isPointerSize(TElem);
65 
66     // The type must be an array/pointer type.
67 
68     // This could be a null constant, which is allowed.
69     if (E->isNullPointerConstant(ASTC, Expr::NPC_ValueDependentIsNull))
70       return true;
71     return false;
72   }
73 
74 public:
WalkAST(BugReporter & br,const CheckerBase * checker,AnalysisDeclContext * ac)75   WalkAST(BugReporter &br, const CheckerBase *checker, AnalysisDeclContext *ac)
76       : BR(br), Checker(checker), AC(ac), ASTC(AC->getASTContext()),
77         PtrWidth(ASTC.getTargetInfo().getPointerWidth(0)) {}
78 
79   // Statement visitor methods.
80   void VisitChildren(Stmt *S);
VisitStmt(Stmt * S)81   void VisitStmt(Stmt *S) { VisitChildren(S); }
82   void VisitCallExpr(CallExpr *CE);
83 };
84 } // end anonymous namespace
85 
getCalleeName(CallExpr * CE)86 static StringRef getCalleeName(CallExpr *CE) {
87   const FunctionDecl *FD = CE->getDirectCallee();
88   if (!FD)
89     return StringRef();
90 
91   IdentifierInfo *II = FD->getIdentifier();
92   if (!II)   // if no identifier, not a simple C function
93     return StringRef();
94 
95   return II->getName();
96 }
97 
VisitCallExpr(CallExpr * CE)98 void WalkAST::VisitCallExpr(CallExpr *CE) {
99   StringRef Name = getCalleeName(CE);
100   if (Name.empty())
101     return;
102 
103   const Expr *Arg = nullptr;
104   unsigned ArgNum;
105 
106   if (Name.equals("CFArrayCreate") || Name.equals("CFSetCreate")) {
107     if (CE->getNumArgs() != 4)
108       return;
109     ArgNum = 1;
110     Arg = CE->getArg(ArgNum)->IgnoreParenCasts();
111     if (hasPointerToPointerSizedType(Arg))
112         return;
113   } else if (Name.equals("CFDictionaryCreate")) {
114     if (CE->getNumArgs() != 6)
115       return;
116     // Check first argument.
117     ArgNum = 1;
118     Arg = CE->getArg(ArgNum)->IgnoreParenCasts();
119     if (hasPointerToPointerSizedType(Arg)) {
120       // Check second argument.
121       ArgNum = 2;
122       Arg = CE->getArg(ArgNum)->IgnoreParenCasts();
123       if (hasPointerToPointerSizedType(Arg))
124         // Both are good, return.
125         return;
126     }
127   }
128 
129   if (Arg) {
130     assert(ArgNum == 1 || ArgNum == 2);
131 
132     SmallString<64> BufName;
133     llvm::raw_svector_ostream OsName(BufName);
134     OsName << " Invalid use of '" << Name << "'" ;
135 
136     SmallString<256> Buf;
137     llvm::raw_svector_ostream Os(Buf);
138     // Use "second" and "third" since users will expect 1-based indexing
139     // for parameter names when mentioned in prose.
140     Os << " The "<< ((ArgNum == 1) ? "second" : "third") << " argument to '"
141         << Name << "' must be a C array of pointer-sized values, not '"
142         << Arg->getType().getAsString() << "'";
143 
144     PathDiagnosticLocation CELoc =
145         PathDiagnosticLocation::createBegin(CE, BR.getSourceManager(), AC);
146     BR.EmitBasicReport(AC->getDecl(), Checker, OsName.str(),
147                        categories::CoreFoundationObjectiveC, Os.str(), CELoc,
148                        Arg->getSourceRange());
149   }
150 
151   // Recurse and check children.
152   VisitChildren(CE);
153 }
154 
VisitChildren(Stmt * S)155 void WalkAST::VisitChildren(Stmt *S) {
156   for (Stmt *Child : S->children())
157     if (Child)
158       Visit(Child);
159 }
160 
161 namespace {
162 class ObjCContainersASTChecker : public Checker<check::ASTCodeBody> {
163 public:
164 
checkASTCodeBody(const Decl * D,AnalysisManager & Mgr,BugReporter & BR) const165   void checkASTCodeBody(const Decl *D, AnalysisManager& Mgr,
166                         BugReporter &BR) const {
167     WalkAST walker(BR, this, Mgr.getAnalysisDeclContext(D));
168     walker.Visit(D->getBody());
169   }
170 };
171 }
172 
registerObjCContainersASTChecker(CheckerManager & mgr)173 void ento::registerObjCContainersASTChecker(CheckerManager &mgr) {
174   mgr.registerChecker<ObjCContainersASTChecker>();
175 }
176