1 // Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 
5 #include "base/files/important_file_writer.h"
6 
7 #include <stddef.h>
8 #include <stdint.h>
9 #include <stdio.h>
10 #include <string>
11 #include <utility>
12 
13 #include "base/bind.h"
14 #include "base/critical_closure.h"
15 #include "base/debug/alias.h"
16 #include "base/files/file.h"
17 #include "base/files/file_path.h"
18 #include "base/files/file_util.h"
19 #include "base/logging.h"
20 #include "base/macros.h"
21 #include "base/metrics/histogram.h"
22 #include "base/numerics/safe_conversions.h"
23 #include "base/strings/string_number_conversions.h"
24 #include "base/strings/string_util.h"
25 #include "base/task_runner.h"
26 #include "base/task_runner_util.h"
27 #include "base/threading/thread.h"
28 #include "base/time/time.h"
29 #include "build/build_config.h"
30 
31 namespace base {
32 
33 namespace {
34 
35 const int kDefaultCommitIntervalMs = 10000;
36 
37 // This enum is used to define the buckets for an enumerated UMA histogram.
38 // Hence,
39 //   (a) existing enumerated constants should never be deleted or reordered, and
40 //   (b) new constants should only be appended at the end of the enumeration.
41 enum TempFileFailure {
42   FAILED_CREATING,
43   FAILED_OPENING,
44   FAILED_CLOSING,  // Unused.
45   FAILED_WRITING,
46   FAILED_RENAMING,
47   FAILED_FLUSHING,
48   TEMP_FILE_FAILURE_MAX
49 };
50 
LogFailure(const FilePath & path,TempFileFailure failure_code,const std::string & message)51 void LogFailure(const FilePath& path, TempFileFailure failure_code,
52                 const std::string& message) {
53   UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION("ImportantFile.TempFileFailures", failure_code,
54                             TEMP_FILE_FAILURE_MAX);
55   DPLOG(WARNING) << "temp file failure: " << path.value() << " : " << message;
56 }
57 
58 // Helper function to call WriteFileAtomically() with a scoped_ptr<std::string>.
WriteScopedStringToFileAtomically(const FilePath & path,scoped_ptr<std::string> data)59 bool WriteScopedStringToFileAtomically(const FilePath& path,
60                                        scoped_ptr<std::string> data) {
61   return ImportantFileWriter::WriteFileAtomically(path, *data);
62 }
63 
64 }  // namespace
65 
66 // static
WriteFileAtomically(const FilePath & path,const std::string & data)67 bool ImportantFileWriter::WriteFileAtomically(const FilePath& path,
68                                               const std::string& data) {
69 #if defined(OS_CHROMEOS)
70   // On Chrome OS, chrome gets killed when it cannot finish shutdown quickly,
71   // and this function seems to be one of the slowest shutdown steps.
72   // Include some info to the report for investigation. crbug.com/418627
73   // TODO(hashimoto): Remove this.
74   struct {
75     size_t data_size;
76     char path[128];
77   } file_info;
78   file_info.data_size = data.size();
79   strlcpy(file_info.path, path.value().c_str(), arraysize(file_info.path));
80   debug::Alias(&file_info);
81 #endif
82 
83   // Write the data to a temp file then rename to avoid data loss if we crash
84   // while writing the file. Ensure that the temp file is on the same volume
85   // as target file, so it can be moved in one step, and that the temp file
86   // is securely created.
87   FilePath tmp_file_path;
88   if (!CreateTemporaryFileInDir(path.DirName(), &tmp_file_path)) {
89     LogFailure(path, FAILED_CREATING, "could not create temporary file");
90     return false;
91   }
92 
93   File tmp_file(tmp_file_path, File::FLAG_OPEN | File::FLAG_WRITE);
94   if (!tmp_file.IsValid()) {
95     LogFailure(path, FAILED_OPENING, "could not open temporary file");
96     return false;
97   }
98 
99   // If this fails in the wild, something really bad is going on.
100   const int data_length = checked_cast<int32_t>(data.length());
101   int bytes_written = tmp_file.Write(0, data.data(), data_length);
102   bool flush_success = tmp_file.Flush();
103   tmp_file.Close();
104 
105   if (bytes_written < data_length) {
106     LogFailure(path, FAILED_WRITING, "error writing, bytes_written=" +
107                IntToString(bytes_written));
108     DeleteFile(tmp_file_path, false);
109     return false;
110   }
111 
112   if (!flush_success) {
113     LogFailure(path, FAILED_FLUSHING, "error flushing");
114     DeleteFile(tmp_file_path, false);
115     return false;
116   }
117 
118   if (!ReplaceFile(tmp_file_path, path, nullptr)) {
119     LogFailure(path, FAILED_RENAMING, "could not rename temporary file");
120     DeleteFile(tmp_file_path, false);
121     return false;
122   }
123 
124   return true;
125 }
126 
ImportantFileWriter(const FilePath & path,const scoped_refptr<SequencedTaskRunner> & task_runner)127 ImportantFileWriter::ImportantFileWriter(
128     const FilePath& path,
129     const scoped_refptr<SequencedTaskRunner>& task_runner)
130     : ImportantFileWriter(
131         path,
132         task_runner,
133         TimeDelta::FromMilliseconds(kDefaultCommitIntervalMs)) {
134 }
135 
ImportantFileWriter(const FilePath & path,const scoped_refptr<SequencedTaskRunner> & task_runner,TimeDelta interval)136 ImportantFileWriter::ImportantFileWriter(
137     const FilePath& path,
138     const scoped_refptr<SequencedTaskRunner>& task_runner,
139     TimeDelta interval)
140     : path_(path),
141       task_runner_(task_runner),
142       serializer_(nullptr),
143       commit_interval_(interval),
144       weak_factory_(this) {
145   DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
146   DCHECK(task_runner_);
147 }
148 
~ImportantFileWriter()149 ImportantFileWriter::~ImportantFileWriter() {
150   // We're usually a member variable of some other object, which also tends
151   // to be our serializer. It may not be safe to call back to the parent object
152   // being destructed.
153   DCHECK(!HasPendingWrite());
154 }
155 
HasPendingWrite() const156 bool ImportantFileWriter::HasPendingWrite() const {
157   DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
158   return timer_.IsRunning();
159 }
160 
WriteNow(scoped_ptr<std::string> data)161 void ImportantFileWriter::WriteNow(scoped_ptr<std::string> data) {
162   DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
163   if (!IsValueInRangeForNumericType<int32_t>(data->length())) {
164     NOTREACHED();
165     return;
166   }
167 
168   if (HasPendingWrite())
169     timer_.Stop();
170 
171   auto task = Bind(&WriteScopedStringToFileAtomically, path_, Passed(&data));
172   if (!PostWriteTask(task)) {
173     // Posting the task to background message loop is not expected
174     // to fail, but if it does, avoid losing data and just hit the disk
175     // on the current thread.
176     NOTREACHED();
177 
178     task.Run();
179   }
180 }
181 
ScheduleWrite(DataSerializer * serializer)182 void ImportantFileWriter::ScheduleWrite(DataSerializer* serializer) {
183   DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
184 
185   DCHECK(serializer);
186   serializer_ = serializer;
187 
188   if (!timer_.IsRunning()) {
189     timer_.Start(FROM_HERE, commit_interval_, this,
190                  &ImportantFileWriter::DoScheduledWrite);
191   }
192 }
193 
DoScheduledWrite()194 void ImportantFileWriter::DoScheduledWrite() {
195   DCHECK(serializer_);
196   scoped_ptr<std::string> data(new std::string);
197   if (serializer_->SerializeData(data.get())) {
198     WriteNow(std::move(data));
199   } else {
200     DLOG(WARNING) << "failed to serialize data to be saved in "
201                   << path_.value();
202   }
203   serializer_ = nullptr;
204 }
205 
RegisterOnNextSuccessfulWriteCallback(const Closure & on_next_successful_write)206 void ImportantFileWriter::RegisterOnNextSuccessfulWriteCallback(
207     const Closure& on_next_successful_write) {
208   DCHECK(on_next_successful_write_.is_null());
209   on_next_successful_write_ = on_next_successful_write;
210 }
211 
PostWriteTask(const Callback<bool ()> & task)212 bool ImportantFileWriter::PostWriteTask(const Callback<bool()>& task) {
213   // TODO(gab): This code could always use PostTaskAndReplyWithResult and let
214   // ForwardSuccessfulWrite() no-op if |on_next_successful_write_| is null, but
215   // PostTaskAndReply causes memory leaks in tests (crbug.com/371974) and
216   // suppressing all of those is unrealistic hence we avoid most of them by
217   // using PostTask() in the typical scenario below.
218   if (!on_next_successful_write_.is_null()) {
219     return PostTaskAndReplyWithResult(
220         task_runner_.get(),
221         FROM_HERE,
222         MakeCriticalClosure(task),
223         Bind(&ImportantFileWriter::ForwardSuccessfulWrite,
224              weak_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
225   }
226   return task_runner_->PostTask(
227       FROM_HERE,
228       MakeCriticalClosure(Bind(IgnoreResult(task))));
229 }
230 
ForwardSuccessfulWrite(bool result)231 void ImportantFileWriter::ForwardSuccessfulWrite(bool result) {
232   DCHECK(CalledOnValidThread());
233   if (result && !on_next_successful_write_.is_null()) {
234     on_next_successful_write_.Run();
235     on_next_successful_write_.Reset();
236   }
237 }
238 
239 }  // namespace base
240