1 /*
2    ----------------------------------------------------------------
3 
4    Notice that the above BSD-style license applies to this one file
5    (helgrind.h) only.  The entire rest of Valgrind is licensed under
6    the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.  See the
7    COPYING file in the source distribution for details.
8 
9    ----------------------------------------------------------------
10 
11    This file is part of Helgrind, a Valgrind tool for detecting errors
12    in threaded programs.
13 
14    Copyright (C) 2007-2015 OpenWorks LLP
15       info@open-works.co.uk
16 
17    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
18    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
19    are met:
20 
21    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
22       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
23 
24    2. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must
25       not claim that you wrote the original software.  If you use this
26       software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product
27       documentation would be appreciated but is not required.
28 
29    3. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must
30       not be misrepresented as being the original software.
31 
32    4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote
33       products derived from this software without specific prior written
34       permission.
35 
36    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
37    OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
38    WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
39    ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY
40    DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
41    DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
42    GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
43    INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
44    WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
45    NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
46    SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
47 
48    ----------------------------------------------------------------
49 
50    Notice that the above BSD-style license applies to this one file
51    (helgrind.h) only.  The entire rest of Valgrind is licensed under
52    the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.  See the
53    COPYING file in the source distribution for details.
54 
55    ----------------------------------------------------------------
56 */
57 
58 #ifndef __HELGRIND_H
59 #define __HELGRIND_H
60 
61 #include "valgrind.h"
62 
63 /* !! ABIWARNING !! ABIWARNING !! ABIWARNING !! ABIWARNING !!
64    This enum comprises an ABI exported by Valgrind to programs
65    which use client requests.  DO NOT CHANGE THE ORDER OF THESE
66    ENTRIES, NOR DELETE ANY -- add new ones at the end. */
67 typedef
68    enum {
69       VG_USERREQ__HG_CLEAN_MEMORY = VG_USERREQ_TOOL_BASE('H','G'),
70 
71       /* The rest are for Helgrind's internal use.  Not for end-user
72          use.  Do not use them unless you are a Valgrind developer. */
73 
74       /* Notify the tool what this thread's pthread_t is. */
75       _VG_USERREQ__HG_SET_MY_PTHREAD_T = VG_USERREQ_TOOL_BASE('H','G')
76                                          + 256,
77       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTH_API_ERROR,              /* char*, int */
78       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_JOIN_POST,          /* pthread_t of quitter */
79       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_INIT_POST,    /* pth_mx_t*, long mbRec */
80       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_DESTROY_PRE,  /* pth_mx_t*, long isInit */
81       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_UNLOCK_PRE,   /* pth_mx_t* */
82       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_UNLOCK_POST,  /* pth_mx_t* */
83       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_ACQUIRE_PRE,  /* void*, long isTryLock */
84       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_ACQUIRE_POST, /* void* */
85       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_COND_SIGNAL_PRE,    /* pth_cond_t* */
86       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_COND_BROADCAST_PRE, /* pth_cond_t* */
87       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_COND_WAIT_PRE,     /* pth_cond_t*, pth_mx_t* */
88       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_COND_WAIT_POST,    /* pth_cond_t*, pth_mx_t* */
89       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_COND_DESTROY_PRE,   /* pth_cond_t*, long isInit */
90       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INIT_POST,   /* pth_rwlk_t* */
91       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_DESTROY_PRE, /* pth_rwlk_t* */
92       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_LOCK_PRE,    /* pth_rwlk_t*, long isW */
93       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_ACQUIRED,    /* void*, long isW */
94       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_RELEASED,    /* void* */
95       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_UNLOCK_POST, /* pth_rwlk_t* */
96       _VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_INIT_POST,        /* sem_t*, ulong value */
97       _VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_DESTROY_PRE,      /* sem_t* */
98       _VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_RELEASED,         /* void* */
99       _VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_ACQUIRED,         /* void* */
100       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_BARRIER_INIT_PRE,   /* pth_bar_t*, ulong, ulong */
101       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_BARRIER_WAIT_PRE,   /* pth_bar_t* */
102       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_BARRIER_DESTROY_PRE, /* pth_bar_t* */
103       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_SPIN_INIT_OR_UNLOCK_PRE,  /* pth_slk_t* */
104       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_SPIN_INIT_OR_UNLOCK_POST, /* pth_slk_t* */
105       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_SPIN_LOCK_PRE,      /* pth_slk_t* */
106       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_SPIN_LOCK_POST,     /* pth_slk_t* */
107       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_SPIN_DESTROY_PRE,   /* pth_slk_t* */
108       _VG_USERREQ__HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP,            /* char* */
109       _VG_USERREQ__HG_USERSO_SEND_PRE,        /* arbitrary UWord SO-tag */
110       _VG_USERREQ__HG_USERSO_RECV_POST,       /* arbitrary UWord SO-tag */
111       _VG_USERREQ__HG_USERSO_FORGET_ALL,      /* arbitrary UWord SO-tag */
112       _VG_USERREQ__HG_RESERVED2,              /* Do not use */
113       _VG_USERREQ__HG_RESERVED3,              /* Do not use */
114       _VG_USERREQ__HG_RESERVED4,              /* Do not use */
115       _VG_USERREQ__HG_ARANGE_MAKE_UNTRACKED, /* Addr a, ulong len */
116       _VG_USERREQ__HG_ARANGE_MAKE_TRACKED,   /* Addr a, ulong len */
117       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_BARRIER_RESIZE_PRE, /* pth_bar_t*, ulong */
118       _VG_USERREQ__HG_CLEAN_MEMORY_HEAPBLOCK, /* Addr start_of_block */
119       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_COND_INIT_POST,  /* pth_cond_t*, pth_cond_attr_t*/
120       _VG_USERREQ__HG_GNAT_MASTER_HOOK,       /* void*d,void*m,Word ml */
121       _VG_USERREQ__HG_GNAT_MASTER_COMPLETED_HOOK, /* void*s,Word ml */
122       _VG_USERREQ__HG_GET_ABITS,              /* Addr a,Addr abits, ulong len */
123       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_CREATE_BEGIN,
124       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_CREATE_END,
125       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_LOCK_PRE,     /* pth_mx_t*,long isTryLock */
126       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_LOCK_POST,    /* pth_mx_t *,long tookLock */
127       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_LOCK_POST,  /* pth_rwlk_t*,long isW,long */
128       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_UNLOCK_PRE,  /* pth_rwlk_t* */
129       _VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_POST_PRE,         /* sem_t* */
130       _VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_POST_POST,        /* sem_t* */
131       _VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_WAIT_PRE,         /* sem_t* */
132       _VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_WAIT_POST,        /* sem_t*, long tookLock */
133       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_COND_SIGNAL_POST,   /* pth_cond_t* */
134       _VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_COND_BROADCAST_POST,/* pth_cond_t* */
135       _VG_USERREQ__HG_RTLD_BIND_GUARD,            /* int flags */
136       _VG_USERREQ__HG_RTLD_BIND_CLEAR             /* int flags */
137    } Vg_TCheckClientRequest;
138 
139 
140 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
141 /*---                                                          ---*/
142 /*--- Implementation-only facilities.  Not for end-user use.   ---*/
143 /*--- For end-user facilities see below (the next section in   ---*/
144 /*--- this file.)                                              ---*/
145 /*---                                                          ---*/
146 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
147 
148 /* Do a client request.  These are macros rather than a functions so
149    as to avoid having an extra frame in stack traces.
150 
151    NB: these duplicate definitions in hg_intercepts.c.  But here, we
152    have to make do with weaker typing (no definition of Word etc) and
153    no assertions, whereas in helgrind.h we can use those facilities.
154    Obviously it's important the two sets of definitions are kept in
155    sync.
156 
157    The commented-out asserts should actually hold, but unfortunately
158    they can't be allowed to be visible here, because that would
159    require the end-user code to #include <assert.h>.
160 */
161 
162 #define DO_CREQ_v_W(_creqF, _ty1F,_arg1F)                \
163    do {                                                  \
164       long int _arg1;                                    \
165       /* assert(sizeof(_ty1F) == sizeof(long int)); */   \
166       _arg1 = (long int)(_arg1F);                        \
167       VALGRIND_DO_CLIENT_REQUEST_STMT(                   \
168                                  (_creqF),               \
169                                  _arg1, 0,0,0,0);        \
170    } while (0)
171 
172 #define DO_CREQ_W_W(_resF, _dfltF, _creqF, _ty1F,_arg1F) \
173    do {                                                  \
174       long int _arg1;                                    \
175       /* assert(sizeof(_ty1F) == sizeof(long int)); */   \
176       _arg1 = (long int)(_arg1F);                        \
177       _qzz_res = VALGRIND_DO_CLIENT_REQUEST_EXPR(        \
178                                  (_dfltF),               \
179                                  (_creqF),               \
180                                  _arg1, 0,0,0,0);        \
181       _resF = _qzz_res;                                  \
182    } while (0)
183 
184 #define DO_CREQ_v_WW(_creqF, _ty1F,_arg1F, _ty2F,_arg2F) \
185    do {                                                  \
186       long int _arg1, _arg2;                             \
187       /* assert(sizeof(_ty1F) == sizeof(long int)); */   \
188       /* assert(sizeof(_ty2F) == sizeof(long int)); */   \
189       _arg1 = (long int)(_arg1F);                        \
190       _arg2 = (long int)(_arg2F);                        \
191       VALGRIND_DO_CLIENT_REQUEST_STMT(                   \
192                                  (_creqF),               \
193                                  _arg1,_arg2,0,0,0);     \
194    } while (0)
195 
196 #define DO_CREQ_v_WWW(_creqF, _ty1F,_arg1F,              \
197                       _ty2F,_arg2F, _ty3F, _arg3F)       \
198    do {                                                  \
199       long int _arg1, _arg2, _arg3;                      \
200       /* assert(sizeof(_ty1F) == sizeof(long int)); */   \
201       /* assert(sizeof(_ty2F) == sizeof(long int)); */   \
202       /* assert(sizeof(_ty3F) == sizeof(long int)); */   \
203       _arg1 = (long int)(_arg1F);                        \
204       _arg2 = (long int)(_arg2F);                        \
205       _arg3 = (long int)(_arg3F);                        \
206       VALGRIND_DO_CLIENT_REQUEST_STMT(                   \
207                                  (_creqF),               \
208                                  _arg1,_arg2,_arg3,0,0); \
209    } while (0)
210 
211 #define DO_CREQ_W_WWW(_resF, _dfltF, _creqF, _ty1F,_arg1F, \
212                       _ty2F,_arg2F, _ty3F, _arg3F)       \
213    do {                                                  \
214       long int _qzz_res;                                 \
215       long int _arg1, _arg2, _arg3;                      \
216       /* assert(sizeof(_ty1F) == sizeof(long int)); */   \
217       _arg1 = (long int)(_arg1F);                        \
218       _arg2 = (long int)(_arg2F);                        \
219       _arg3 = (long int)(_arg3F);                        \
220       _qzz_res = VALGRIND_DO_CLIENT_REQUEST_EXPR(        \
221                                  (_dfltF),               \
222                                  (_creqF),               \
223                                  _arg1,_arg2,_arg3,0,0); \
224       _resF = _qzz_res;                                  \
225    } while (0)
226 
227 
228 
229 #define _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP(_qzz_str)                    \
230    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP,          \
231                (char*),(_qzz_str))
232 
233 
234 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
235 /*---                                                          ---*/
236 /*--- Helgrind-native requests.  These allow access to         ---*/
237 /*--- the same set of annotation primitives that are used      ---*/
238 /*--- to build the POSIX pthread wrappers.                     ---*/
239 /*---                                                          ---*/
240 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
241 
242 /* ----------------------------------------------------------
243    For describing ordinary mutexes (non-rwlocks).  For rwlock
244    descriptions see ANNOTATE_RWLOCK_* below.
245    ---------------------------------------------------------- */
246 
247 /* Notify here immediately after mutex creation.  _mbRec == 0 for a
248    non-recursive mutex, 1 for a recursive mutex. */
249 #define VALGRIND_HG_MUTEX_INIT_POST(_mutex, _mbRec)          \
250    DO_CREQ_v_WW(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_INIT_POST,     \
251                 void*,(_mutex), long,(_mbRec))
252 
253 /* Notify here immediately before mutex acquisition.  _isTryLock == 0
254    for a normal acquisition, 1 for a "try" style acquisition. */
255 #define VALGRIND_HG_MUTEX_LOCK_PRE(_mutex, _isTryLock)       \
256    DO_CREQ_v_WW(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_ACQUIRE_PRE,   \
257                 void*,(_mutex), long,(_isTryLock))
258 
259 /* Notify here immediately after a successful mutex acquisition. */
260 #define VALGRIND_HG_MUTEX_LOCK_POST(_mutex)                  \
261    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_ACQUIRE_POST,   \
262                void*,(_mutex))
263 
264 /* Notify here immediately before a mutex release. */
265 #define VALGRIND_HG_MUTEX_UNLOCK_PRE(_mutex)                 \
266    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_UNLOCK_PRE,     \
267                void*,(_mutex))
268 
269 /* Notify here immediately after a mutex release. */
270 #define VALGRIND_HG_MUTEX_UNLOCK_POST(_mutex)                \
271    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_UNLOCK_POST,    \
272                void*,(_mutex))
273 
274 /* Notify here immediately before mutex destruction. */
275 #define VALGRIND_HG_MUTEX_DESTROY_PRE(_mutex)                \
276    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_MUTEX_DESTROY_PRE,    \
277                void*,(_mutex))
278 
279 /* ----------------------------------------------------------
280    For describing semaphores.
281    ---------------------------------------------------------- */
282 
283 /* Notify here immediately after semaphore creation. */
284 #define VALGRIND_HG_SEM_INIT_POST(_sem, _value)              \
285    DO_CREQ_v_WW(_VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_INIT_POST,         \
286                 void*, (_sem), unsigned long, (_value))
287 
288 /* Notify here immediately after a semaphore wait (an acquire-style
289    operation) */
290 #define VALGRIND_HG_SEM_WAIT_POST(_sem)                      \
291    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_ACQUIRED,           \
292                void*,(_sem))
293 
294 /* Notify here immediately before semaphore post (a release-style
295    operation) */
296 #define VALGRIND_HG_SEM_POST_PRE(_sem)                       \
297    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_RELEASED,           \
298                void*,(_sem))
299 
300 /* Notify here immediately before semaphore destruction. */
301 #define VALGRIND_HG_SEM_DESTROY_PRE(_sem)                    \
302    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_POSIX_SEM_DESTROY_PRE,        \
303                void*, (_sem))
304 
305 /* ----------------------------------------------------------
306    For describing barriers.
307    ---------------------------------------------------------- */
308 
309 /* Notify here immediately before barrier creation.  _count is the
310    capacity.  _resizable == 0 means the barrier may not be resized, 1
311    means it may be. */
312 #define VALGRIND_HG_BARRIER_INIT_PRE(_bar, _count, _resizable) \
313    DO_CREQ_v_WWW(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_BARRIER_INIT_PRE,   \
314                  void*,(_bar),                               \
315                  unsigned long,(_count),                     \
316                  unsigned long,(_resizable))
317 
318 /* Notify here immediately before arrival at a barrier. */
319 #define VALGRIND_HG_BARRIER_WAIT_PRE(_bar)                   \
320    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_BARRIER_WAIT_PRE,     \
321                void*,(_bar))
322 
323 /* Notify here immediately before a resize (change of barrier
324    capacity).  If _newcount >= the existing capacity, then there is no
325    change in the state of any threads waiting at the barrier.  If
326    _newcount < the existing capacity, and >= _newcount threads are
327    currently waiting at the barrier, then this notification is
328    considered to also have the effect of telling the checker that all
329    waiting threads have now moved past the barrier.  (I can't think of
330    any other sane semantics.) */
331 #define VALGRIND_HG_BARRIER_RESIZE_PRE(_bar, _newcount)      \
332    DO_CREQ_v_WW(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_BARRIER_RESIZE_PRE,  \
333                 void*,(_bar),                                \
334                 unsigned long,(_newcount))
335 
336 /* Notify here immediately before barrier destruction. */
337 #define VALGRIND_HG_BARRIER_DESTROY_PRE(_bar)                \
338    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_BARRIER_DESTROY_PRE,  \
339                void*,(_bar))
340 
341 /* ----------------------------------------------------------
342    For describing memory ownership changes.
343    ---------------------------------------------------------- */
344 
345 /* Clean memory state.  This makes Helgrind forget everything it knew
346    about the specified memory range.  Effectively this announces that
347    the specified memory range now "belongs" to the calling thread, so
348    that: (1) the calling thread can access it safely without
349    synchronisation, and (2) all other threads must sync with this one
350    to access it safely.  This is particularly useful for memory
351    allocators that wish to recycle memory. */
352 #define VALGRIND_HG_CLEAN_MEMORY(_qzz_start, _qzz_len)       \
353    DO_CREQ_v_WW(VG_USERREQ__HG_CLEAN_MEMORY,                 \
354                 void*,(_qzz_start),                          \
355                 unsigned long,(_qzz_len))
356 
357 /* The same, but for the heap block starting at _qzz_blockstart.  This
358    allows painting when we only know the address of an object, but not
359    its size, which is sometimes the case in C++ code involving
360    inheritance, and in which RTTI is not, for whatever reason,
361    available.  Returns the number of bytes painted, which can be zero
362    for a zero-sized block.  Hence, return values >= 0 indicate success
363    (the block was found), and the value -1 indicates block not
364    found, and -2 is returned when not running on Helgrind. */
365 #define VALGRIND_HG_CLEAN_MEMORY_HEAPBLOCK(_qzz_blockstart)  \
366    (__extension__                                            \
367    ({long int _npainted;                                     \
368      DO_CREQ_W_W(_npainted, (-2)/*default*/,                 \
369                  _VG_USERREQ__HG_CLEAN_MEMORY_HEAPBLOCK,     \
370                             void*,(_qzz_blockstart));        \
371      _npainted;                                              \
372    }))
373 
374 /* ----------------------------------------------------------
375    For error control.
376    ---------------------------------------------------------- */
377 
378 /* Tell H that an address range is not to be "tracked" until further
379    notice.  This puts it in the NOACCESS state, in which case we
380    ignore all reads and writes to it.  Useful for ignoring ranges of
381    memory where there might be races we don't want to see.  If the
382    memory is subsequently reallocated via malloc/new/stack allocation,
383    then it is put back in the trackable state.  Hence it is safe in
384    the situation where checking is disabled, the containing area is
385    deallocated and later reallocated for some other purpose. */
386 #define VALGRIND_HG_DISABLE_CHECKING(_qzz_start, _qzz_len)   \
387    DO_CREQ_v_WW(_VG_USERREQ__HG_ARANGE_MAKE_UNTRACKED,       \
388                  void*,(_qzz_start),                         \
389                  unsigned long,(_qzz_len))
390 
391 /* And put it back into the normal "tracked" state, that is, make it
392    once again subject to the normal race-checking machinery.  This
393    puts it in the same state as new memory allocated by this thread --
394    that is, basically owned exclusively by this thread. */
395 #define VALGRIND_HG_ENABLE_CHECKING(_qzz_start, _qzz_len)    \
396    DO_CREQ_v_WW(_VG_USERREQ__HG_ARANGE_MAKE_TRACKED,         \
397                  void*,(_qzz_start),                         \
398                  unsigned long,(_qzz_len))
399 
400 
401 /*  Checks the accessibility bits for addresses [zza..zza+zznbytes-1].
402     If zzabits array is provided, copy the accessibility bits in zzabits.
403    Return values:
404      -2   if not running on helgrind
405      -1   if any parts of zzabits is not addressable
406      >= 0 : success.
407    When success, it returns the nr of addressable bytes found.
408       So, to check that a whole range is addressable, check
409          VALGRIND_HG_GET_ABITS(addr,NULL,len) == len
410       In addition, if you want to examine the addressability of each
411       byte of the range, you need to provide a non NULL ptr as
412       second argument, pointing to an array of unsigned char
413       of length len.
414       Addressable bytes are indicated with 0xff.
415       Non-addressable bytes are indicated with 0x00.
416 */
417 #define VALGRIND_HG_GET_ABITS(zza,zzabits,zznbytes)          \
418    (__extension__                                            \
419    ({long int _res;                                          \
420       DO_CREQ_W_WWW(_res, (-2)/*default*/,                   \
421                     _VG_USERREQ__HG_GET_ABITS,               \
422                     void*,(zza), void*,(zzabits),            \
423                     unsigned long,(zznbytes));               \
424       _res;                                                  \
425    }))
426 
427 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
428 /*---                                                          ---*/
429 /*--- ThreadSanitizer-compatible requests                      ---*/
430 /*--- (mostly unimplemented)                                   ---*/
431 /*---                                                          ---*/
432 /*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
433 
434 /* A quite-broad set of annotations, as used in the ThreadSanitizer
435    project.  This implementation aims to be a (source-level)
436    compatible implementation of the macros defined in:
437 
438    http://code.google.com/p/data-race-test/source
439           /browse/trunk/dynamic_annotations/dynamic_annotations.h
440 
441    (some of the comments below are taken from the above file)
442 
443    The implementation here is very incomplete, and intended as a
444    starting point.  Many of the macros are unimplemented.  Rather than
445    allowing unimplemented macros to silently do nothing, they cause an
446    assertion.  Intention is to implement them on demand.
447 
448    The major use of these macros is to make visible to race detectors,
449    the behaviour (effects) of user-implemented synchronisation
450    primitives, that the detectors could not otherwise deduce from the
451    normal observation of pthread etc calls.
452 
453    Some of the macros are no-ops in Helgrind.  That's because Helgrind
454    is a pure happens-before detector, whereas ThreadSanitizer uses a
455    hybrid lockset and happens-before scheme, which requires more
456    accurate annotations for correct operation.
457 
458    The macros are listed in the same order as in dynamic_annotations.h
459    (URL just above).
460 
461    I should point out that I am less than clear about the intended
462    semantics of quite a number of them.  Comments and clarifications
463    welcomed!
464 */
465 
466 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
467    These four allow description of user-level condition variables,
468    apparently in the style of POSIX's pthread_cond_t.  Currently
469    unimplemented and will assert.
470    ----------------------------------------------------------------
471 */
472 /* Report that wait on the condition variable at address CV has
473    succeeded and the lock at address LOCK is now held.  CV and LOCK
474    are completely arbitrary memory addresses which presumably mean
475    something to the application, but are meaningless to Helgrind. */
476 #define ANNOTATE_CONDVAR_LOCK_WAIT(cv, lock) \
477    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_CONDVAR_LOCK_WAIT")
478 
479 /* Report that wait on the condition variable at CV has succeeded.
480    Variant w/o lock. */
481 #define ANNOTATE_CONDVAR_WAIT(cv) \
482    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_CONDVAR_WAIT")
483 
484 /* Report that we are about to signal on the condition variable at
485    address CV. */
486 #define ANNOTATE_CONDVAR_SIGNAL(cv) \
487    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_CONDVAR_SIGNAL")
488 
489 /* Report that we are about to signal_all on the condition variable at
490    CV. */
491 #define ANNOTATE_CONDVAR_SIGNAL_ALL(cv) \
492    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_CONDVAR_SIGNAL_ALL")
493 
494 
495 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
496    Create completely arbitrary happens-before edges between threads.
497 
498    If threads T1 .. Tn all do ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE(obj) and later
499    (w.r.t. some notional global clock for the computation) thread Tm
500    does ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_AFTER(obj), then Helgrind will regard all
501    memory accesses done by T1 .. Tn before the ..BEFORE.. call as
502    happening-before all memory accesses done by Tm after the
503    ..AFTER.. call.  Hence Helgrind won't complain about races if Tm's
504    accesses afterwards are to the same locations as accesses before by
505    any of T1 .. Tn.
506 
507    OBJ is a machine word (unsigned long, or void*), is completely
508    arbitrary, and denotes the identity of some synchronisation object
509    you're modelling.
510 
511    You must do the _BEFORE call just before the real sync event on the
512    signaller's side, and _AFTER just after the real sync event on the
513    waiter's side.
514 
515    If none of the rest of these macros make sense to you, at least
516    take the time to understand these two.  They form the very essence
517    of describing arbitrary inter-thread synchronisation events to
518    Helgrind.  You can get a long way just with them alone.
519 
520    See also, extensive discussion on semantics of this in
521    https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=243935
522 
523    ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE_FORGET_ALL(obj) is interim until such time
524    as bug 243935 is fully resolved.  It instructs Helgrind to forget
525    about any ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE calls on the specified object, in
526    effect putting it back in its original state.  Once in that state,
527    a use of ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_AFTER on it has no effect on the calling
528    thread.
529 
530    An implementation may optionally release resources it has
531    associated with 'obj' when ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE_FORGET_ALL(obj)
532    happens.  Users are recommended to use
533    ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE_FORGET_ALL to indicate when a
534    synchronisation object is no longer needed, so as to avoid
535    potential indefinite resource leaks.
536    ----------------------------------------------------------------
537 */
538 #define ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE(obj) \
539    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_USERSO_SEND_PRE, void*,(obj))
540 
541 #define ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_AFTER(obj) \
542    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_USERSO_RECV_POST, void*,(obj))
543 
544 #define ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE_FORGET_ALL(obj) \
545    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_USERSO_FORGET_ALL, void*,(obj))
546 
547 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
548    Memory publishing.  The TSan sources say:
549 
550      Report that the bytes in the range [pointer, pointer+size) are about
551      to be published safely. The race checker will create a happens-before
552      arc from the call ANNOTATE_PUBLISH_MEMORY_RANGE(pointer, size) to
553      subsequent accesses to this memory.
554 
555    I'm not sure I understand what this means exactly, nor whether it
556    is relevant for a pure h-b detector.  Leaving unimplemented for
557    now.
558    ----------------------------------------------------------------
559 */
560 #define ANNOTATE_PUBLISH_MEMORY_RANGE(pointer, size) \
561    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_PUBLISH_MEMORY_RANGE")
562 
563 /* DEPRECATED. Don't use it. */
564 /* #define ANNOTATE_UNPUBLISH_MEMORY_RANGE(pointer, size) */
565 
566 /* DEPRECATED. Don't use it. */
567 /* #define ANNOTATE_SWAP_MEMORY_RANGE(pointer, size) */
568 
569 
570 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
571    TSan sources say:
572 
573      Instruct the tool to create a happens-before arc between
574      MU->Unlock() and MU->Lock().  This annotation may slow down the
575      race detector; normally it is used only when it would be
576      difficult to annotate each of the mutex's critical sections
577      individually using the annotations above.
578 
579    If MU is a posix pthread_mutex_t then Helgrind will do this anyway.
580    In any case, leave as unimp for now.  I'm unsure about the intended
581    behaviour.
582    ----------------------------------------------------------------
583 */
584 #define ANNOTATE_PURE_HAPPENS_BEFORE_MUTEX(mu) \
585    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_PURE_HAPPENS_BEFORE_MUTEX")
586 
587 /* Deprecated. Use ANNOTATE_PURE_HAPPENS_BEFORE_MUTEX. */
588 /* #define ANNOTATE_MUTEX_IS_USED_AS_CONDVAR(mu) */
589 
590 
591 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
592    TSan sources say:
593 
594      Annotations useful when defining memory allocators, or when
595      memory that was protected in one way starts to be protected in
596      another.
597 
598      Report that a new memory at "address" of size "size" has been
599      allocated.  This might be used when the memory has been retrieved
600      from a free list and is about to be reused, or when a the locking
601      discipline for a variable changes.
602 
603    AFAICS this is the same as VALGRIND_HG_CLEAN_MEMORY.
604    ----------------------------------------------------------------
605 */
606 #define ANNOTATE_NEW_MEMORY(address, size) \
607    VALGRIND_HG_CLEAN_MEMORY((address), (size))
608 
609 
610 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
611    TSan sources say:
612 
613      Annotations useful when defining FIFO queues that transfer data
614      between threads.
615 
616    All unimplemented.  Am not claiming to understand this (yet).
617    ----------------------------------------------------------------
618 */
619 
620 /* Report that the producer-consumer queue object at address PCQ has
621    been created.  The ANNOTATE_PCQ_* annotations should be used only
622    for FIFO queues.  For non-FIFO queues use ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE
623    (for put) and ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_AFTER (for get). */
624 #define ANNOTATE_PCQ_CREATE(pcq) \
625    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_PCQ_CREATE")
626 
627 /* Report that the queue at address PCQ is about to be destroyed. */
628 #define ANNOTATE_PCQ_DESTROY(pcq) \
629    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_PCQ_DESTROY")
630 
631 /* Report that we are about to put an element into a FIFO queue at
632    address PCQ. */
633 #define ANNOTATE_PCQ_PUT(pcq) \
634    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_PCQ_PUT")
635 
636 /* Report that we've just got an element from a FIFO queue at address
637    PCQ. */
638 #define ANNOTATE_PCQ_GET(pcq) \
639    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_PCQ_GET")
640 
641 
642 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
643    Annotations that suppress errors.  It is usually better to express
644    the program's synchronization using the other annotations, but
645    these can be used when all else fails.
646 
647    Currently these are all unimplemented.  I can't think of a simple
648    way to implement them without at least some performance overhead.
649    ----------------------------------------------------------------
650 */
651 
652 /* Report that we may have a benign race at "pointer", with size
653    "sizeof(*(pointer))". "pointer" must be a non-void* pointer.  Insert at the
654    point where "pointer" has been allocated, preferably close to the point
655    where the race happens.  See also ANNOTATE_BENIGN_RACE_STATIC.
656 
657    XXX: what's this actually supposed to do?  And what's the type of
658    DESCRIPTION?  When does the annotation stop having an effect?
659 */
660 #define ANNOTATE_BENIGN_RACE(pointer, description) \
661    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_BENIGN_RACE")
662 
663 /* Same as ANNOTATE_BENIGN_RACE(address, description), but applies to
664    the memory range [address, address+size). */
665 #define ANNOTATE_BENIGN_RACE_SIZED(address, size, description) \
666    VALGRIND_HG_DISABLE_CHECKING(address, size)
667 
668 /* Request the analysis tool to ignore all reads in the current thread
669    until ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_END is called.  Useful to ignore
670    intentional racey reads, while still checking other reads and all
671    writes. */
672 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_BEGIN() \
673    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_BEGIN")
674 
675 /* Stop ignoring reads. */
676 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_END() \
677    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_END")
678 
679 /* Similar to ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_BEGIN, but ignore writes. */
680 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_WRITES_BEGIN() \
681    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_IGNORE_WRITES_BEGIN")
682 
683 /* Stop ignoring writes. */
684 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_WRITES_END() \
685    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_IGNORE_WRITES_END")
686 
687 /* Start ignoring all memory accesses (reads and writes). */
688 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_AND_WRITES_BEGIN() \
689    do { \
690       ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_BEGIN(); \
691       ANNOTATE_IGNORE_WRITES_BEGIN(); \
692    } while (0)
693 
694 /* Stop ignoring all memory accesses. */
695 #define ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_AND_WRITES_END() \
696    do { \
697       ANNOTATE_IGNORE_WRITES_END(); \
698       ANNOTATE_IGNORE_READS_END(); \
699    } while (0)
700 
701 
702 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
703    Annotations useful for debugging.
704 
705    Again, so for unimplemented, partly for performance reasons.
706    ----------------------------------------------------------------
707 */
708 
709 /* Request to trace every access to ADDRESS. */
710 #define ANNOTATE_TRACE_MEMORY(address) \
711    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_TRACE_MEMORY")
712 
713 /* Report the current thread name to a race detector. */
714 #define ANNOTATE_THREAD_NAME(name) \
715    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_THREAD_NAME")
716 
717 
718 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
719    Annotations for describing behaviour of user-implemented lock
720    primitives.  In all cases, the LOCK argument is a completely
721    arbitrary machine word (unsigned long, or void*) and can be any
722    value which gives a unique identity to the lock objects being
723    modelled.
724 
725    We just pretend they're ordinary posix rwlocks.  That'll probably
726    give some rather confusing wording in error messages, claiming that
727    the arbitrary LOCK values are pthread_rwlock_t*'s, when in fact
728    they are not.  Ah well.
729    ----------------------------------------------------------------
730 */
731 /* Report that a lock has just been created at address LOCK. */
732 #define ANNOTATE_RWLOCK_CREATE(lock)                         \
733    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_INIT_POST,     \
734                void*,(lock))
735 
736 /* Report that the lock at address LOCK is about to be destroyed. */
737 #define ANNOTATE_RWLOCK_DESTROY(lock)                        \
738    DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_DESTROY_PRE,   \
739                void*,(lock))
740 
741 /* Report that the lock at address LOCK has just been acquired.
742    is_w=1 for writer lock, is_w=0 for reader lock. */
743 #define ANNOTATE_RWLOCK_ACQUIRED(lock, is_w)                 \
744   DO_CREQ_v_WW(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_ACQUIRED,      \
745                void*,(lock), unsigned long,(is_w))
746 
747 /* Report that the lock at address LOCK is about to be released. */
748 #define ANNOTATE_RWLOCK_RELEASED(lock, is_w)                 \
749   DO_CREQ_v_W(_VG_USERREQ__HG_PTHREAD_RWLOCK_RELEASED,       \
750               void*,(lock)) /* is_w is ignored */
751 
752 
753 /* -------------------------------------------------------------
754    Annotations useful when implementing barriers.  They are not
755    normally needed by modules that merely use barriers.
756    The "barrier" argument is a pointer to the barrier object.
757    ----------------------------------------------------------------
758 */
759 
760 /* Report that the "barrier" has been initialized with initial
761    "count".  If 'reinitialization_allowed' is true, initialization is
762    allowed to happen multiple times w/o calling barrier_destroy() */
763 #define ANNOTATE_BARRIER_INIT(barrier, count, reinitialization_allowed) \
764    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_BARRIER_INIT")
765 
766 /* Report that we are about to enter barrier_wait("barrier"). */
767 #define ANNOTATE_BARRIER_WAIT_BEFORE(barrier) \
768    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_BARRIER_DESTROY")
769 
770 /* Report that we just exited barrier_wait("barrier"). */
771 #define ANNOTATE_BARRIER_WAIT_AFTER(barrier) \
772    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_BARRIER_DESTROY")
773 
774 /* Report that the "barrier" has been destroyed. */
775 #define ANNOTATE_BARRIER_DESTROY(barrier) \
776    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_BARRIER_DESTROY")
777 
778 
779 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
780    Annotations useful for testing race detectors.
781    ----------------------------------------------------------------
782 */
783 
784 /* Report that we expect a race on the variable at ADDRESS.  Use only
785    in unit tests for a race detector. */
786 #define ANNOTATE_EXPECT_RACE(address, description) \
787    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_EXPECT_RACE")
788 
789 /* A no-op. Insert where you like to test the interceptors. */
790 #define ANNOTATE_NO_OP(arg) \
791    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_NO_OP")
792 
793 /* Force the race detector to flush its state. The actual effect depends on
794  * the implementation of the detector. */
795 #define ANNOTATE_FLUSH_STATE() \
796    _HG_CLIENTREQ_UNIMP("ANNOTATE_FLUSH_STATE")
797 
798 #endif /* __HELGRIND_H */
799