1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #ifndef _BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_H
18 #define _BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_H
19 
20 #include <assert.h>
21 #include <stddef.h>
22 #include <stdint.h>
23 
24 // Spaces used by misc partition are as below:
25 // 0   - 2K     For bootloader_message
26 // 2K  - 16K    Used by Vendor's bootloader (the 2K - 4K range may be optionally used
27 //              as bootloader_message_ab struct)
28 // 16K - 64K    Used by uncrypt and recovery to store wipe_package for A/B devices
29 // Note that these offsets are admitted by bootloader,recovery and uncrypt, so they
30 // are not configurable without changing all of them.
31 static const size_t BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC = 0;
32 static const size_t WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC = 16 * 1024;
33 
34 /* Bootloader Message (2-KiB)
35  *
36  * This structure describes the content of a block in flash
37  * that is used for recovery and the bootloader to talk to
38  * each other.
39  *
40  * The command field is updated by linux when it wants to
41  * reboot into recovery or to update radio or bootloader firmware.
42  * It is also updated by the bootloader when firmware update
43  * is complete (to boot into recovery for any final cleanup)
44  *
45  * The status field was used by the bootloader after the completion
46  * of an "update-radio" or "update-hboot" command, which has been
47  * deprecated since Froyo.
48  *
49  * The recovery field is only written by linux and used
50  * for the system to send a message to recovery or the
51  * other way around.
52  *
53  * The stage field is written by packages which restart themselves
54  * multiple times, so that the UI can reflect which invocation of the
55  * package it is.  If the value is of the format "#/#" (eg, "1/3"),
56  * the UI will add a simple indicator of that status.
57  *
58  * We used to have slot_suffix field for A/B boot control metadata in
59  * this struct, which gets unintentionally cleared by recovery or
60  * uncrypt. Move it into struct bootloader_message_ab to avoid the
61  * issue.
62  */
63 struct bootloader_message {
64     char command[32];
65     char status[32];
66     char recovery[768];
67 
68     // The 'recovery' field used to be 1024 bytes.  It has only ever
69     // been used to store the recovery command line, so 768 bytes
70     // should be plenty.  We carve off the last 256 bytes to store the
71     // stage string (for multistage packages) and possible future
72     // expansion.
73     char stage[32];
74 
75     // The 'reserved' field used to be 224 bytes when it was initially
76     // carved off from the 1024-byte recovery field. Bump it up to
77     // 1184-byte so that the entire bootloader_message struct rounds up
78     // to 2048-byte.
79     char reserved[1184];
80 };
81 
82 /**
83  * We must be cautious when changing the bootloader_message struct size,
84  * because A/B-specific fields may end up with different offsets.
85  */
86 #if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
87 static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_message) == 2048,
88               "struct bootloader_message size changes, which may break A/B devices");
89 #endif
90 
91 /**
92  * The A/B-specific bootloader message structure (4-KiB).
93  *
94  * We separate A/B boot control metadata from the regular bootloader
95  * message struct and keep it here. Everything that's A/B-specific
96  * stays after struct bootloader_message, which should be managed by
97  * the A/B-bootloader or boot control HAL.
98  *
99  * The slot_suffix field is used for A/B implementations where the
100  * bootloader does not set the androidboot.ro.boot.slot_suffix kernel
101  * commandline parameter. This is used by fs_mgr to mount /system and
102  * other partitions with the slotselect flag set in fstab. A/B
103  * implementations are free to use all 32 bytes and may store private
104  * data past the first NUL-byte in this field. It is encouraged, but
105  * not mandatory, to use 'struct bootloader_control' described below.
106  */
107 struct bootloader_message_ab {
108     struct bootloader_message message;
109     char slot_suffix[32];
110 
111     // Round up the entire struct to 4096-byte.
112     char reserved[2016];
113 };
114 
115 /**
116  * Be cautious about the struct size change, in case we put anything post
117  * bootloader_message_ab struct (b/29159185).
118  */
119 #if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
120 static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_message_ab) == 4096,
121               "struct bootloader_message_ab size changes");
122 #endif
123 
124 #define BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC   0x42414342 /* Bootloader Control AB */
125 #define BOOT_CTRL_VERSION 1
126 
127 struct slot_metadata {
128     // Slot priority with 15 meaning highest priority, 1 lowest
129     // priority and 0 the slot is unbootable.
130     uint8_t priority : 4;
131     // Number of times left attempting to boot this slot.
132     uint8_t tries_remaining : 3;
133     // 1 if this slot has booted successfully, 0 otherwise.
134     uint8_t successful_boot : 1;
135     // 1 if this slot is corrupted from a dm-verity corruption, 0
136     // otherwise.
137     uint8_t verity_corrupted : 1;
138     // Reserved for further use.
139     uint8_t reserved : 7;
140 } __attribute__((packed));
141 
142 /* Bootloader Control AB
143  *
144  * This struct can be used to manage A/B metadata. It is designed to
145  * be put in the 'slot_suffix' field of the 'bootloader_message'
146  * structure described above. It is encouraged to use the
147  * 'bootloader_control' structure to store the A/B metadata, but not
148  * mandatory.
149  */
150 struct bootloader_control {
151     // NUL terminated active slot suffix.
152     char slot_suffix[4];
153     // Bootloader Control AB magic number (see BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC).
154     uint32_t magic;
155     // Version of struct being used (see BOOT_CTRL_VERSION).
156     uint8_t version;
157     // Number of slots being managed.
158     uint8_t nb_slot : 3;
159     // Number of times left attempting to boot recovery.
160     uint8_t recovery_tries_remaining : 3;
161     // Ensure 4-bytes alignment for slot_info field.
162     uint8_t reserved0[2];
163     // Per-slot information.  Up to 4 slots.
164     struct slot_metadata slot_info[4];
165     // Reserved for further use.
166     uint8_t reserved1[8];
167     // CRC32 of all 28 bytes preceding this field (little endian
168     // format).
169     uint32_t crc32_le;
170 } __attribute__((packed));
171 
172 #if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
173 static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_control) ==
174               sizeof(((struct bootloader_message_ab *)0)->slot_suffix),
175               "struct bootloader_control has wrong size");
176 #endif
177 
178 #ifdef __cplusplus
179 
180 #include <string>
181 #include <vector>
182 
183 // Read bootloader message into boot. Error message will be set in err.
184 bool read_bootloader_message(bootloader_message* boot, std::string* err);
185 
186 // Read bootloader message from the specified misc device into boot.
187 bool read_bootloader_message_from(bootloader_message* boot, const std::string& misc_blk_device,
188                                   std::string* err);
189 
190 // Write bootloader message to BCB.
191 bool write_bootloader_message(const bootloader_message& boot, std::string* err);
192 
193 // Write bootloader message to the specified BCB device.
194 bool write_bootloader_message_to(const bootloader_message& boot,
195                                  const std::string& misc_blk_device, std::string* err);
196 
197 // Write bootloader message (boots into recovery with the options) to BCB. Will
198 // set the command and recovery fields, and reset the rest.
199 bool write_bootloader_message(const std::vector<std::string>& options, std::string* err);
200 
201 // Update bootloader message (boots into recovery with the options) to BCB. Will
202 // only update the command and recovery fields.
203 bool update_bootloader_message(const std::vector<std::string>& options, std::string* err);
204 
205 // Clear BCB.
206 bool clear_bootloader_message(std::string* err);
207 
208 // Writes the reboot-bootloader reboot reason to the bootloader_message.
209 bool write_reboot_bootloader(std::string* err);
210 
211 // Read the wipe package from BCB (from offset WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC).
212 bool read_wipe_package(std::string* package_data, size_t size, std::string* err);
213 
214 // Write the wipe package into BCB (to offset WIPE_PACKAGE_OFFSET_IN_MISC).
215 bool write_wipe_package(const std::string& package_data, std::string* err);
216 
217 #else
218 
219 #include <stdbool.h>
220 
221 // C Interface.
222 bool write_bootloader_message(const char* options);
223 bool write_reboot_bootloader(void);
224 
225 #endif  // ifdef __cplusplus
226 
227 #endif  // _BOOTLOADER_MESSAGE_H
228