1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
5  * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
6  * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
7  * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy,
8  * modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
9  * of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
10  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
11  *
12  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
13  * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
14  *
15  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
16  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
17  * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
18  * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
19  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
20  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
21  * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
22  * SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 
25 #if !defined(AVB_INSIDE_LIBAVB_H) && !defined(AVB_COMPILATION)
26 #error "Never include this file directly, include libavb.h instead."
27 #endif
28 
29 #ifndef AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_H_
30 #define AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_H_
31 
32 #include "avb_sysdeps.h"
33 
34 #ifdef __cplusplus
35 extern "C" {
36 #endif
37 
38 #include "avb_crypto.h"
39 #include "avb_descriptor.h"
40 
41 /* Size of the vbmeta image header. */
42 #define AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE 256
43 
44 /* Magic for the vbmeta image header. */
45 #define AVB_MAGIC "AVB0"
46 #define AVB_MAGIC_LEN 4
47 
48 /* Maximum size of the release string including the terminating NUL byte. */
49 #define AVB_RELEASE_STRING_SIZE 48
50 
51 /* Flags for the vbmeta image.
52  *
53  * AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_FLAGS_HASHTREE_DISABLED: If this flag is set,
54  * hashtree image verification will be disabled.
55  */
56 typedef enum {
57   AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_FLAGS_HASHTREE_DISABLED = (1 << 0)
58 } AvbVBMetaImageFlags;
59 
60 /* Binary format for header of the vbmeta image.
61  *
62  * The vbmeta image consists of three blocks:
63  *
64  *  +-----------------------------------------+
65  *  | Header data - fixed size                |
66  *  +-----------------------------------------+
67  *  | Authentication data - variable size     |
68  *  +-----------------------------------------+
69  *  | Auxiliary data - variable size          |
70  *  +-----------------------------------------+
71  *
72  * The "Header data" block is described by this struct and is always
73  * |AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE| bytes long.
74  *
75  * The "Authentication data" block is |authentication_data_block_size|
76  * bytes long and contains the hash and signature used to authenticate
77  * the vbmeta image. The type of the hash and signature is defined by
78  * the |algorithm_type| field.
79  *
80  * The "Auxiliary data" is |auxiliary_data_block_size| bytes long and
81  * contains the auxiliary data including the public key used to make
82  * the signature and descriptors.
83  *
84  * The public key is at offset |public_key_offset| with size
85  * |public_key_size| in this block. The size of the public key data is
86  * defined by the |algorithm_type| field. The format of the public key
87  * data is described in the |AvbRSAPublicKeyHeader| struct.
88  *
89  * The descriptors starts at |descriptors_offset| from the beginning
90  * of the "Auxiliary Data" block and take up |descriptors_size|
91  * bytes. Each descriptor is stored as a |AvbDescriptor| with tag and
92  * number of bytes following. The number of descriptors can be
93  * determined by walking this data until |descriptors_size| is
94  * exhausted.
95  *
96  * The size of each of the "Authentication data" and "Auxiliary data"
97  * blocks must be divisible by 64. This is to ensure proper alignment.
98  *
99  * Descriptors are free-form blocks stored in a part of the vbmeta
100  * image subject to the same integrity checks as the rest of the
101  * image. See the documentation for |AvbDescriptor| for well-known
102  * descriptors. See avb_descriptor_foreach() for a convenience
103  * function to iterate over descriptors.
104  *
105  * This struct is versioned, see the |required_libavb_version_major|
106  * and |required_libavb_version_minor| fields. This represents the
107  * minimum version of libavb required to verify the header and depends
108  * on the features (e.g. algorithms, descriptors) used. Note that this
109  * may be 1.0 even if generated by an avbtool from 1.4 but where no
110  * features introduced after 1.0 has been used. See the "Versioning
111  * and compatibility" section in the README.md file for more details.
112  *
113  * All fields are stored in network byte order when serialized. To
114  * generate a copy with fields swapped to native byte order, use the
115  * function avb_vbmeta_image_header_to_host_byte_order().
116  *
117  * Before reading and/or using any of this data, you MUST verify it
118  * using avb_vbmeta_image_verify() and reject it unless it's signed by
119  * a known good public key.
120  */
121 typedef struct AvbVBMetaImageHeader {
122   /*   0: Four bytes equal to "AVB0" (AVB_MAGIC). */
123   uint8_t magic[AVB_MAGIC_LEN];
124 
125   /*   4: The major version of libavb required for this header. */
126   uint32_t required_libavb_version_major;
127   /*   8: The minor version of libavb required for this header. */
128   uint32_t required_libavb_version_minor;
129 
130   /*  12: The size of the signature block. */
131   uint64_t authentication_data_block_size;
132   /*  20: The size of the auxiliary data block. */
133   uint64_t auxiliary_data_block_size;
134 
135   /*  28: The verification algorithm used, see |AvbAlgorithmType| enum. */
136   uint32_t algorithm_type;
137 
138   /*  32: Offset into the "Authentication data" block of hash data. */
139   uint64_t hash_offset;
140   /*  40: Length of the hash data. */
141   uint64_t hash_size;
142 
143   /*  48: Offset into the "Authentication data" block of signature data. */
144   uint64_t signature_offset;
145   /*  56: Length of the signature data. */
146   uint64_t signature_size;
147 
148   /*  64: Offset into the "Auxiliary data" block of public key data. */
149   uint64_t public_key_offset;
150   /*  72: Length of the public key data. */
151   uint64_t public_key_size;
152 
153   /*  80: Offset into the "Auxiliary data" block of public key metadata. */
154   uint64_t public_key_metadata_offset;
155   /*  88: Length of the public key metadata. Must be set to zero if there
156    *  is no public key metadata.
157    */
158   uint64_t public_key_metadata_size;
159 
160   /*  96: Offset into the "Auxiliary data" block of descriptor data. */
161   uint64_t descriptors_offset;
162   /* 104: Length of descriptor data. */
163   uint64_t descriptors_size;
164 
165   /* 112: The rollback index which can be used to prevent rollback to
166    *  older versions.
167    */
168   uint64_t rollback_index;
169 
170   /* 120: Flags from the AvbVBMetaImageFlags enumeration. This must be
171    * set to zero if the vbmeta image is not a top-level image.
172    */
173   uint32_t flags;
174 
175   /* 124: Reserved to ensure |release_string| start on a 16-byte
176    * boundary. Must be set to zeroes.
177    */
178   uint8_t reserved0[4];
179 
180   /* 128: The release string from avbtool, e.g. "avbtool 1.0.0" or
181    * "avbtool 1.0.0 xyz_board Git-234abde89". Is guaranteed to be NUL
182    * terminated. Applications must not make assumptions about how this
183    * string is formatted.
184    */
185   uint8_t release_string[AVB_RELEASE_STRING_SIZE];
186 
187   /* 176: Padding to ensure struct is size AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE
188    * bytes. This must be set to zeroes.
189    */
190   uint8_t reserved[80];
191 } AVB_ATTR_PACKED AvbVBMetaImageHeader;
192 
193 /* Copies |src| to |dest|, byte-swapping fields in the process.
194  *
195  * Make sure you've verified |src| using avb_vbmeta_image_verify()
196  * before accessing the data and/or using this function.
197  */
198 void avb_vbmeta_image_header_to_host_byte_order(const AvbVBMetaImageHeader* src,
199                                                 AvbVBMetaImageHeader* dest);
200 
201 /* Return codes used in avb_vbmeta_image_verify().
202  *
203  * AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_OK is returned if the vbmeta image header
204  * is valid, the hash is correct and the signature is correct. Keep in
205  * mind that you still need to check that you know the public key used
206  * to sign the image, see avb_vbmeta_image_verify() for details.
207  *
208  * AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_OK_NOT_SIGNED is returned if the vbmeta
209  * image header is valid but there is no signature or hash.
210  *
211  * AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_INVALID_VBMETA_HEADER is returned if the
212  * header of the vbmeta image is invalid, for example, invalid magic
213  * or inconsistent data.
214  *
215  * AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION is returned if a) the
216  * vbmeta image requires a minimum version of libavb which exceeds the
217  * version of libavb used; or b) the vbmeta image major version
218  * differs from the major version of libavb in use.
219  *
220  * AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_HASH_MISMATCH is returned if the hash
221  * stored in the "Authentication data" block does not match the
222  * calculated hash.
223  *
224  * AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_SIGNATURE_MISMATCH is returned if the
225  * signature stored in the "Authentication data" block is invalid or
226  * doesn't match the public key stored in the vbmeta image.
227  */
228 typedef enum {
229   AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_OK,
230   AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_OK_NOT_SIGNED,
231   AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_INVALID_VBMETA_HEADER,
232   AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_UNSUPPORTED_VERSION,
233   AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_HASH_MISMATCH,
234   AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_SIGNATURE_MISMATCH,
235 } AvbVBMetaVerifyResult;
236 
237 /* Get a textual representation of |result|. */
238 const char* avb_vbmeta_verify_result_to_string(AvbVBMetaVerifyResult result);
239 
240 /* Checks that vbmeta image at |data| of size |length| is a valid
241  * vbmeta image. The complete contents of the vbmeta image must be
242  * passed in. It's fine if |length| is bigger than the actual image,
243  * typically callers of this function will load the entire contents of
244  * the 'vbmeta_a' or 'vbmeta_b' partition and pass in its length (for
245  * example, 1 MiB).
246  *
247  * See the |AvbVBMetaImageHeader| struct for information about the
248  * three blocks (header, authentication, auxiliary) that make up a
249  * vbmeta image.
250  *
251  * If the function returns |AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_OK| and
252  * |out_public_key_data| is non-NULL, it will be set to point inside
253  * |data| for where the serialized public key data is stored and
254  * |out_public_key_length|, if non-NULL, will be set to the length of
255  * the public key data. If there is no public key in the metadata then
256  * |out_public_key_data| is set to NULL.
257  *
258  * See the |AvbVBMetaVerifyResult| enum for possible return values.
259  *
260  * VERY IMPORTANT:
261  *
262  *   1. Even if |AVB_VBMETA_VERIFY_RESULT_OK| is returned, you still
263  *      need to check that the public key embedded in the image
264  *      matches a known key! You can use 'avbtool extract_public_key'
265  *      to extract the key (at build time, then store it along your
266  *      code) and compare it to what is returned in
267  *      |out_public_key_data|.
268  *
269  *   2. You need to check the |rollback_index| field against a stored
270  *      value in NVRAM and reject the vbmeta image if the value in
271  *      NVRAM is bigger than |rollback_index|. You must also update
272  *      the value stored in NVRAM to the smallest value of
273  *      |rollback_index| field from boot images in all bootable and
274  *      authentic slots marked as GOOD.
275  *
276  * This is a low-level function to only verify the vbmeta data - you
277  * are likely looking for avb_slot_verify() instead for verifying
278  * integrity data for a whole set of partitions.
279  */
280 AvbVBMetaVerifyResult avb_vbmeta_image_verify(
281     const uint8_t* data,
282     size_t length,
283     const uint8_t** out_public_key_data,
284     size_t* out_public_key_length) AVB_ATTR_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT;
285 
286 #ifdef __cplusplus
287 }
288 #endif
289 
290 #endif /* AVB_VBMETA_IMAGE_H_ */
291