1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2010 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #include "card_table.h"
18 
19 #include "base/logging.h"
20 #include "base/systrace.h"
21 #include "card_table-inl.h"
22 #include "gc/heap.h"
23 #include "gc/space/space.h"
24 #include "heap_bitmap.h"
25 #include "mem_map.h"
26 #include "runtime.h"
27 #include "utils.h"
28 
29 namespace art {
30 namespace gc {
31 namespace accounting {
32 
33 constexpr size_t CardTable::kCardShift;
34 constexpr size_t CardTable::kCardSize;
35 constexpr uint8_t CardTable::kCardClean;
36 constexpr uint8_t CardTable::kCardDirty;
37 
38 /*
39  * Maintain a card table from the write barrier. All writes of
40  * non-null values to heap addresses should go through an entry in
41  * WriteBarrier, and from there to here.
42  *
43  * The heap is divided into "cards" of GC_CARD_SIZE bytes, as
44  * determined by GC_CARD_SHIFT. The card table contains one byte of
45  * data per card, to be used by the GC. The value of the byte will be
46  * one of GC_CARD_CLEAN or GC_CARD_DIRTY.
47  *
48  * After any store of a non-null object pointer into a heap object,
49  * code is obliged to mark the card dirty. The setters in
50  * object.h [such as SetFieldObject] do this for you. The
51  * compiler also contains code to mark cards as dirty.
52  *
53  * The card table's base [the "biased card table"] gets set to a
54  * rather strange value.  In order to keep the JIT from having to
55  * fabricate or load GC_DIRTY_CARD to store into the card table,
56  * biased base is within the mmap allocation at a point where its low
57  * byte is equal to GC_DIRTY_CARD. See CardTable::Create for details.
58  */
59 
Create(const uint8_t * heap_begin,size_t heap_capacity)60 CardTable* CardTable::Create(const uint8_t* heap_begin, size_t heap_capacity) {
61   ScopedTrace trace(__PRETTY_FUNCTION__);
62   /* Set up the card table */
63   size_t capacity = heap_capacity / kCardSize;
64   /* Allocate an extra 256 bytes to allow fixed low-byte of base */
65   std::string error_msg;
66   std::unique_ptr<MemMap> mem_map(
67       MemMap::MapAnonymous("card table", nullptr, capacity + 256, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
68                            false, false, &error_msg));
69   CHECK(mem_map.get() != nullptr) << "couldn't allocate card table: " << error_msg;
70   // All zeros is the correct initial value; all clean. Anonymous mmaps are initialized to zero, we
71   // don't clear the card table to avoid unnecessary pages being allocated
72   static_assert(kCardClean == 0, "kCardClean must be 0");
73 
74   uint8_t* cardtable_begin = mem_map->Begin();
75   CHECK(cardtable_begin != nullptr);
76 
77   // We allocated up to a bytes worth of extra space to allow biased_begin's byte value to equal
78   // kCardDirty, compute a offset value to make this the case
79   size_t offset = 0;
80   uint8_t* biased_begin = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(cardtable_begin) -
81       (reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(heap_begin) >> kCardShift));
82   uintptr_t biased_byte = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(biased_begin) & 0xff;
83   if (biased_byte != kCardDirty) {
84     int delta = kCardDirty - biased_byte;
85     offset = delta + (delta < 0 ? 0x100 : 0);
86     biased_begin += offset;
87   }
88   CHECK_EQ(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(biased_begin) & 0xff, kCardDirty);
89   return new CardTable(mem_map.release(), biased_begin, offset);
90 }
91 
CardTable(MemMap * mem_map,uint8_t * biased_begin,size_t offset)92 CardTable::CardTable(MemMap* mem_map, uint8_t* biased_begin, size_t offset)
93     : mem_map_(mem_map), biased_begin_(biased_begin), offset_(offset) {
94 }
95 
~CardTable()96 CardTable::~CardTable() {
97   // Destroys MemMap via std::unique_ptr<>.
98 }
99 
ClearCardTable()100 void CardTable::ClearCardTable() {
101   static_assert(kCardClean == 0, "kCardClean must be 0");
102   mem_map_->MadviseDontNeedAndZero();
103 }
104 
ClearCardRange(uint8_t * start,uint8_t * end)105 void CardTable::ClearCardRange(uint8_t* start, uint8_t* end) {
106   CHECK_ALIGNED(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(start), kCardSize);
107   CHECK_ALIGNED(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(end), kCardSize);
108   static_assert(kCardClean == 0, "kCardClean must be 0");
109   uint8_t* start_card = CardFromAddr(start);
110   uint8_t* end_card = CardFromAddr(end);
111   ZeroAndReleasePages(start_card, end_card - start_card);
112 }
113 
AddrIsInCardTable(const void * addr) const114 bool CardTable::AddrIsInCardTable(const void* addr) const {
115   return IsValidCard(biased_begin_ + ((uintptr_t)addr >> kCardShift));
116 }
117 
CheckAddrIsInCardTable(const uint8_t * addr) const118 void CardTable::CheckAddrIsInCardTable(const uint8_t* addr) const {
119   uint8_t* card_addr = biased_begin_ + ((uintptr_t)addr >> kCardShift);
120   uint8_t* begin = mem_map_->Begin() + offset_;
121   uint8_t* end = mem_map_->End();
122   CHECK(AddrIsInCardTable(addr))
123       << "Card table " << this
124       << " begin: " << reinterpret_cast<void*>(begin)
125       << " end: " << reinterpret_cast<void*>(end)
126       << " card_addr: " << reinterpret_cast<void*>(card_addr)
127       << " heap begin: " << AddrFromCard(begin)
128       << " heap end: " << AddrFromCard(end)
129       << " addr: " << reinterpret_cast<const void*>(addr);
130 }
131 
VerifyCardTable()132 void CardTable::VerifyCardTable() {
133   UNIMPLEMENTED(WARNING) << "Card table verification";
134 }
135 
136 }  // namespace accounting
137 }  // namespace gc
138 }  // namespace art
139