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26 /*
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28  * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
29  * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
30  * file:
31  *
32  * Copyright (c) 2012, Stephen Colebourne & Michael Nascimento Santos
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34  * All rights reserved.
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61  */
62 package java.time.temporal;
63 
64 import java.time.DateTimeException;
65 
66 /**
67  * Strategy for querying a temporal object.
68  * <p>
69  * Queries are a key tool for extracting information from temporal objects.
70  * They exist to externalize the process of querying, permitting different
71  * approaches, as per the strategy design pattern.
72  * Examples might be a query that checks if the date is the day before February 29th
73  * in a leap year, or calculates the number of days to your next birthday.
74  * <p>
75  * The {@link TemporalField} interface provides another mechanism for querying
76  * temporal objects. That interface is limited to returning a {@code long}.
77  * By contrast, queries can return any type.
78  * <p>
79  * There are two equivalent ways of using a {@code TemporalQuery}.
80  * The first is to invoke the method on this interface directly.
81  * The second is to use {@link TemporalAccessor#query(TemporalQuery)}:
82  * <pre>
83  *   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
84  *   temporal = thisQuery.queryFrom(temporal);
85  *   temporal = temporal.query(thisQuery);
86  * </pre>
87  * It is recommended to use the second approach, {@code query(TemporalQuery)},
88  * as it is a lot clearer to read in code.
89  * <p>
90  * The most common implementations are method references, such as
91  * {@code LocalDate::from} and {@code ZoneId::from}.
92  * Additional common queries are provided as static methods in {@link TemporalQueries}.
93  *
94  * @implSpec
95  * This interface places no restrictions on the mutability of implementations,
96  * however immutability is strongly recommended.
97  *
98  * @param <R> the type returned from the query
99  *
100  * @since 1.8
101  */
102 @FunctionalInterface
103 public interface TemporalQuery<R> {
104 
105     /**
106      * Queries the specified temporal object.
107      * <p>
108      * This queries the specified temporal object to return an object using the logic
109      * encapsulated in the implementing class.
110      * Examples might be a query that checks if the date is the day before February 29th
111      * in a leap year, or calculates the number of days to your next birthday.
112      * <p>
113      * There are two equivalent ways of using this method.
114      * The first is to invoke this method directly.
115      * The second is to use {@link TemporalAccessor#query(TemporalQuery)}:
116      * <pre>
117      *   // these two lines are equivalent, but the second approach is recommended
118      *   temporal = thisQuery.queryFrom(temporal);
119      *   temporal = temporal.query(thisQuery);
120      * </pre>
121      * It is recommended to use the second approach, {@code query(TemporalQuery)},
122      * as it is a lot clearer to read in code.
123      *
124      * @implSpec
125      * The implementation must take the input object and query it.
126      * The implementation defines the logic of the query and is responsible for
127      * documenting that logic.
128      * It may use any method on {@code TemporalAccessor} to determine the result.
129      * The input object must not be altered.
130      * <p>
131      * The input temporal object may be in a calendar system other than ISO.
132      * Implementations may choose to document compatibility with other calendar systems,
133      * or reject non-ISO temporal objects by {@link TemporalQueries#chronology() querying the chronology}.
134      * <p>
135      * This method may be called from multiple threads in parallel.
136      * It must be thread-safe when invoked.
137      *
138      * @param temporal  the temporal object to query, not null
139      * @return the queried value, may return null to indicate not found
140      * @throws DateTimeException if unable to query
141      * @throws ArithmeticException if numeric overflow occurs
142      */
queryFrom(TemporalAccessor temporal)143     R queryFrom(TemporalAccessor temporal);
144 
145 }
146