1 //===-- llvm/GlobalValue.h - Class to represent a global value --*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
4 //
5 // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
6 // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 //
10 // This file is a common base class of all globally definable objects.  As such,
11 // it is subclassed by GlobalVariable, GlobalAlias and by Function.  This is
12 // used because you can do certain things with these global objects that you
13 // can't do to anything else.  For example, use the address of one as a
14 // constant.
15 //
16 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
17 
18 #ifndef LLVM_IR_GLOBALVALUE_H
19 #define LLVM_IR_GLOBALVALUE_H
20 
21 #include "llvm/IR/Constant.h"
22 #include "llvm/IR/DerivedTypes.h"
23 #include "llvm/Support/MD5.h"
24 #include <system_error>
25 
26 namespace llvm {
27 
28 class Comdat;
29 class PointerType;
30 class Module;
31 
32 namespace Intrinsic {
33   enum ID : unsigned;
34 }
35 
36 class GlobalValue : public Constant {
37   GlobalValue(const GlobalValue &) = delete;
38 public:
39   /// @brief An enumeration for the kinds of linkage for global values.
40   enum LinkageTypes {
41     ExternalLinkage = 0,///< Externally visible function
42     AvailableExternallyLinkage, ///< Available for inspection, not emission.
43     LinkOnceAnyLinkage, ///< Keep one copy of function when linking (inline)
44     LinkOnceODRLinkage, ///< Same, but only replaced by something equivalent.
45     WeakAnyLinkage,     ///< Keep one copy of named function when linking (weak)
46     WeakODRLinkage,     ///< Same, but only replaced by something equivalent.
47     AppendingLinkage,   ///< Special purpose, only applies to global arrays
48     InternalLinkage,    ///< Rename collisions when linking (static functions).
49     PrivateLinkage,     ///< Like Internal, but omit from symbol table.
50     ExternalWeakLinkage,///< ExternalWeak linkage description.
51     CommonLinkage       ///< Tentative definitions.
52   };
53 
54   /// @brief An enumeration for the kinds of visibility of global values.
55   enum VisibilityTypes {
56     DefaultVisibility = 0,  ///< The GV is visible
57     HiddenVisibility,       ///< The GV is hidden
58     ProtectedVisibility     ///< The GV is protected
59   };
60 
61   /// @brief Storage classes of global values for PE targets.
62   enum DLLStorageClassTypes {
63     DefaultStorageClass   = 0,
64     DLLImportStorageClass = 1, ///< Function to be imported from DLL
65     DLLExportStorageClass = 2  ///< Function to be accessible from DLL.
66   };
67 
68 protected:
GlobalValue(Type * Ty,ValueTy VTy,Use * Ops,unsigned NumOps,LinkageTypes Linkage,const Twine & Name,unsigned AddressSpace)69   GlobalValue(Type *Ty, ValueTy VTy, Use *Ops, unsigned NumOps,
70               LinkageTypes Linkage, const Twine &Name, unsigned AddressSpace)
71       : Constant(PointerType::get(Ty, AddressSpace), VTy, Ops, NumOps),
72         ValueType(Ty), Linkage(Linkage), Visibility(DefaultVisibility),
73         UnnamedAddrVal(unsigned(UnnamedAddr::None)),
74         DllStorageClass(DefaultStorageClass), ThreadLocal(NotThreadLocal),
75         IntID((Intrinsic::ID)0U), Parent(nullptr) {
76     setName(Name);
77   }
78 
79   Type *ValueType;
80   // All bitfields use unsigned as the underlying type so that MSVC will pack
81   // them.
82   unsigned Linkage : 4;       // The linkage of this global
83   unsigned Visibility : 2;    // The visibility style of this global
84   unsigned UnnamedAddrVal : 2; // This value's address is not significant
85   unsigned DllStorageClass : 2; // DLL storage class
86 
87   unsigned ThreadLocal : 3; // Is this symbol "Thread Local", if so, what is
88                             // the desired model?
89   static const unsigned GlobalValueSubClassDataBits = 19;
90 
91 private:
92   // Give subclasses access to what otherwise would be wasted padding.
93   // (19 + 4 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 3) == 32.
94   unsigned SubClassData : GlobalValueSubClassDataBits;
95 
96   friend class Constant;
97   void destroyConstantImpl();
98   Value *handleOperandChangeImpl(Value *From, Value *To);
99 
100   /// Returns true if the definition of this global may be replaced by a
101   /// differently optimized variant of the same source level function at link
102   /// time.
mayBeDerefined()103   bool mayBeDerefined() const {
104     switch (getLinkage()) {
105     case WeakODRLinkage:
106     case LinkOnceODRLinkage:
107     case AvailableExternallyLinkage:
108       return true;
109 
110     case WeakAnyLinkage:
111     case LinkOnceAnyLinkage:
112     case CommonLinkage:
113     case ExternalWeakLinkage:
114     case ExternalLinkage:
115     case AppendingLinkage:
116     case InternalLinkage:
117     case PrivateLinkage:
118       return isInterposable();
119     }
120 
121     llvm_unreachable("Fully covered switch above!");
122   }
123 
124 protected:
125   /// \brief The intrinsic ID for this subclass (which must be a Function).
126   ///
127   /// This member is defined by this class, but not used for anything.
128   /// Subclasses can use it to store their intrinsic ID, if they have one.
129   ///
130   /// This is stored here to save space in Function on 64-bit hosts.
131   Intrinsic::ID IntID;
132 
getGlobalValueSubClassData()133   unsigned getGlobalValueSubClassData() const {
134     return SubClassData;
135   }
setGlobalValueSubClassData(unsigned V)136   void setGlobalValueSubClassData(unsigned V) {
137     assert(V < (1 << GlobalValueSubClassDataBits) && "It will not fit");
138     SubClassData = V;
139   }
140 
141   Module *Parent;             // The containing module.
142 public:
143   enum ThreadLocalMode {
144     NotThreadLocal = 0,
145     GeneralDynamicTLSModel,
146     LocalDynamicTLSModel,
147     InitialExecTLSModel,
148     LocalExecTLSModel
149   };
150 
~GlobalValue()151   ~GlobalValue() override {
152     removeDeadConstantUsers();   // remove any dead constants using this.
153   }
154 
155   unsigned getAlignment() const;
156 
157   enum class UnnamedAddr {
158     None,
159     Local,
160     Global,
161   };
162 
hasGlobalUnnamedAddr()163   bool hasGlobalUnnamedAddr() const {
164     return getUnnamedAddr() == UnnamedAddr::Global;
165   }
166 
167   /// Returns true if this value's address is not significant in this module.
168   /// This attribute is intended to be used only by the code generator and LTO
169   /// to allow the linker to decide whether the global needs to be in the symbol
170   /// table. It should probably not be used in optimizations, as the value may
171   /// have uses outside the module; use hasGlobalUnnamedAddr() instead.
hasAtLeastLocalUnnamedAddr()172   bool hasAtLeastLocalUnnamedAddr() const {
173     return getUnnamedAddr() != UnnamedAddr::None;
174   }
175 
getUnnamedAddr()176   UnnamedAddr getUnnamedAddr() const {
177     return UnnamedAddr(UnnamedAddrVal);
178   }
setUnnamedAddr(UnnamedAddr Val)179   void setUnnamedAddr(UnnamedAddr Val) { UnnamedAddrVal = unsigned(Val); }
180 
getMinUnnamedAddr(UnnamedAddr A,UnnamedAddr B)181   static UnnamedAddr getMinUnnamedAddr(UnnamedAddr A, UnnamedAddr B) {
182     if (A == UnnamedAddr::None || B == UnnamedAddr::None)
183       return UnnamedAddr::None;
184     if (A == UnnamedAddr::Local || B == UnnamedAddr::Local)
185       return UnnamedAddr::Local;
186     return UnnamedAddr::Global;
187   }
188 
hasComdat()189   bool hasComdat() const { return getComdat() != nullptr; }
190   Comdat *getComdat();
getComdat()191   const Comdat *getComdat() const {
192     return const_cast<GlobalValue *>(this)->getComdat();
193   }
194 
getVisibility()195   VisibilityTypes getVisibility() const { return VisibilityTypes(Visibility); }
hasDefaultVisibility()196   bool hasDefaultVisibility() const { return Visibility == DefaultVisibility; }
hasHiddenVisibility()197   bool hasHiddenVisibility() const { return Visibility == HiddenVisibility; }
hasProtectedVisibility()198   bool hasProtectedVisibility() const {
199     return Visibility == ProtectedVisibility;
200   }
setVisibility(VisibilityTypes V)201   void setVisibility(VisibilityTypes V) {
202     assert((!hasLocalLinkage() || V == DefaultVisibility) &&
203            "local linkage requires default visibility");
204     Visibility = V;
205   }
206 
207   /// If the value is "Thread Local", its value isn't shared by the threads.
isThreadLocal()208   bool isThreadLocal() const { return getThreadLocalMode() != NotThreadLocal; }
setThreadLocal(bool Val)209   void setThreadLocal(bool Val) {
210     setThreadLocalMode(Val ? GeneralDynamicTLSModel : NotThreadLocal);
211   }
setThreadLocalMode(ThreadLocalMode Val)212   void setThreadLocalMode(ThreadLocalMode Val) {
213     assert(Val == NotThreadLocal || getValueID() != Value::FunctionVal);
214     ThreadLocal = Val;
215   }
getThreadLocalMode()216   ThreadLocalMode getThreadLocalMode() const {
217     return static_cast<ThreadLocalMode>(ThreadLocal);
218   }
219 
getDLLStorageClass()220   DLLStorageClassTypes getDLLStorageClass() const {
221     return DLLStorageClassTypes(DllStorageClass);
222   }
hasDLLImportStorageClass()223   bool hasDLLImportStorageClass() const {
224     return DllStorageClass == DLLImportStorageClass;
225   }
hasDLLExportStorageClass()226   bool hasDLLExportStorageClass() const {
227     return DllStorageClass == DLLExportStorageClass;
228   }
setDLLStorageClass(DLLStorageClassTypes C)229   void setDLLStorageClass(DLLStorageClassTypes C) { DllStorageClass = C; }
230 
hasSection()231   bool hasSection() const { return !getSection().empty(); }
232   StringRef getSection() const;
233 
234   /// Global values are always pointers.
getType()235   PointerType *getType() const { return cast<PointerType>(User::getType()); }
236 
getValueType()237   Type *getValueType() const { return ValueType; }
238 
getLinkOnceLinkage(bool ODR)239   static LinkageTypes getLinkOnceLinkage(bool ODR) {
240     return ODR ? LinkOnceODRLinkage : LinkOnceAnyLinkage;
241   }
getWeakLinkage(bool ODR)242   static LinkageTypes getWeakLinkage(bool ODR) {
243     return ODR ? WeakODRLinkage : WeakAnyLinkage;
244   }
245 
isExternalLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)246   static bool isExternalLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
247     return Linkage == ExternalLinkage;
248   }
isAvailableExternallyLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)249   static bool isAvailableExternallyLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
250     return Linkage == AvailableExternallyLinkage;
251   }
isLinkOnceODRLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)252   static bool isLinkOnceODRLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
253     return Linkage == LinkOnceODRLinkage;
254   }
isLinkOnceLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)255   static bool isLinkOnceLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
256     return Linkage == LinkOnceAnyLinkage || Linkage == LinkOnceODRLinkage;
257   }
isWeakAnyLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)258   static bool isWeakAnyLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
259     return Linkage == WeakAnyLinkage;
260   }
isWeakODRLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)261   static bool isWeakODRLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
262     return Linkage == WeakODRLinkage;
263   }
isWeakLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)264   static bool isWeakLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
265     return isWeakAnyLinkage(Linkage) || isWeakODRLinkage(Linkage);
266   }
isAppendingLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)267   static bool isAppendingLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
268     return Linkage == AppendingLinkage;
269   }
isInternalLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)270   static bool isInternalLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
271     return Linkage == InternalLinkage;
272   }
isPrivateLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)273   static bool isPrivateLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
274     return Linkage == PrivateLinkage;
275   }
isLocalLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)276   static bool isLocalLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
277     return isInternalLinkage(Linkage) || isPrivateLinkage(Linkage);
278   }
isExternalWeakLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)279   static bool isExternalWeakLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
280     return Linkage == ExternalWeakLinkage;
281   }
isCommonLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)282   static bool isCommonLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
283     return Linkage == CommonLinkage;
284   }
isValidDeclarationLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)285   static bool isValidDeclarationLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
286     return isExternalWeakLinkage(Linkage) || isExternalLinkage(Linkage);
287   }
288 
289   /// Whether the definition of this global may be replaced by something
290   /// non-equivalent at link time. For example, if a function has weak linkage
291   /// then the code defining it may be replaced by different code.
isInterposableLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage)292   static bool isInterposableLinkage(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
293     switch (Linkage) {
294     case WeakAnyLinkage:
295     case LinkOnceAnyLinkage:
296     case CommonLinkage:
297     case ExternalWeakLinkage:
298       return true;
299 
300     case AvailableExternallyLinkage:
301     case LinkOnceODRLinkage:
302     case WeakODRLinkage:
303     // The above three cannot be overridden but can be de-refined.
304 
305     case ExternalLinkage:
306     case AppendingLinkage:
307     case InternalLinkage:
308     case PrivateLinkage:
309       return false;
310     }
311     llvm_unreachable("Fully covered switch above!");
312   }
313 
314   /// Whether the definition of this global may be discarded if it is not used
315   /// in its compilation unit.
isDiscardableIfUnused(LinkageTypes Linkage)316   static bool isDiscardableIfUnused(LinkageTypes Linkage) {
317     return isLinkOnceLinkage(Linkage) || isLocalLinkage(Linkage) ||
318            isAvailableExternallyLinkage(Linkage);
319   }
320 
321   /// Whether the definition of this global may be replaced at link time.  NB:
322   /// Using this method outside of the code generators is almost always a
323   /// mistake: when working at the IR level use isInterposable instead as it
324   /// knows about ODR semantics.
isWeakForLinker(LinkageTypes Linkage)325   static bool isWeakForLinker(LinkageTypes Linkage)  {
326     return Linkage == WeakAnyLinkage || Linkage == WeakODRLinkage ||
327            Linkage == LinkOnceAnyLinkage || Linkage == LinkOnceODRLinkage ||
328            Linkage == CommonLinkage || Linkage == ExternalWeakLinkage;
329   }
330 
331   /// Return true if the currently visible definition of this global (if any) is
332   /// exactly the definition we will see at runtime.
333   ///
334   /// Non-exact linkage types inhibits most non-inlining IPO, since a
335   /// differently optimized variant of the same function can have different
336   /// observable or undefined behavior than in the variant currently visible.
337   /// For instance, we could have started with
338   ///
339   ///   void foo(int *v) {
340   ///     int t = 5 / v[0];
341   ///     (void) t;
342   ///   }
343   ///
344   /// and "refined" it to
345   ///
346   ///   void foo(int *v) { }
347   ///
348   /// However, we cannot infer readnone for `foo`, since that would justify
349   /// DSE'ing a store to `v[0]` across a call to `foo`, which can cause
350   /// undefined behavior if the linker replaces the actual call destination with
351   /// the unoptimized `foo`.
352   ///
353   /// Inlining is okay across non-exact linkage types as long as they're not
354   /// interposable (see \c isInterposable), since in such cases the currently
355   /// visible variant is *a* correct implementation of the original source
356   /// function; it just isn't the *only* correct implementation.
isDefinitionExact()357   bool isDefinitionExact() const {
358     return !mayBeDerefined();
359   }
360 
361   /// Return true if this global has an exact defintion.
hasExactDefinition()362   bool hasExactDefinition() const {
363     // While this computes exactly the same thing as
364     // isStrongDefinitionForLinker, the intended uses are different.  This
365     // function is intended to help decide if specific inter-procedural
366     // transforms are correct, while isStrongDefinitionForLinker's intended use
367     // is in low level code generation.
368     return !isDeclaration() && isDefinitionExact();
369   }
370 
371   /// Return true if this global's definition can be substituted with an
372   /// *arbitrary* definition at link time.  We cannot do any IPO or inlinining
373   /// across interposable call edges, since the callee can be replaced with
374   /// something arbitrary at link time.
isInterposable()375   bool isInterposable() const { return isInterposableLinkage(getLinkage()); }
376 
hasExternalLinkage()377   bool hasExternalLinkage() const { return isExternalLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasAvailableExternallyLinkage()378   bool hasAvailableExternallyLinkage() const {
379     return isAvailableExternallyLinkage(getLinkage());
380   }
hasLinkOnceLinkage()381   bool hasLinkOnceLinkage() const { return isLinkOnceLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasLinkOnceODRLinkage()382   bool hasLinkOnceODRLinkage() const {
383     return isLinkOnceODRLinkage(getLinkage());
384   }
hasWeakLinkage()385   bool hasWeakLinkage() const { return isWeakLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasWeakAnyLinkage()386   bool hasWeakAnyLinkage() const { return isWeakAnyLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasWeakODRLinkage()387   bool hasWeakODRLinkage() const { return isWeakODRLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasAppendingLinkage()388   bool hasAppendingLinkage() const { return isAppendingLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasInternalLinkage()389   bool hasInternalLinkage() const { return isInternalLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasPrivateLinkage()390   bool hasPrivateLinkage() const { return isPrivateLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasLocalLinkage()391   bool hasLocalLinkage() const { return isLocalLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasExternalWeakLinkage()392   bool hasExternalWeakLinkage() const {
393     return isExternalWeakLinkage(getLinkage());
394   }
hasCommonLinkage()395   bool hasCommonLinkage() const { return isCommonLinkage(getLinkage()); }
hasValidDeclarationLinkage()396   bool hasValidDeclarationLinkage() const {
397     return isValidDeclarationLinkage(getLinkage());
398   }
399 
setLinkage(LinkageTypes LT)400   void setLinkage(LinkageTypes LT) {
401     if (isLocalLinkage(LT))
402       Visibility = DefaultVisibility;
403     Linkage = LT;
404   }
getLinkage()405   LinkageTypes getLinkage() const { return LinkageTypes(Linkage); }
406 
isDiscardableIfUnused()407   bool isDiscardableIfUnused() const {
408     return isDiscardableIfUnused(getLinkage());
409   }
410 
isWeakForLinker()411   bool isWeakForLinker() const { return isWeakForLinker(getLinkage()); }
412 
413   /// Copy all additional attributes (those not needed to create a GlobalValue)
414   /// from the GlobalValue Src to this one.
415   virtual void copyAttributesFrom(const GlobalValue *Src);
416 
417   /// If special LLVM prefix that is used to inform the asm printer to not emit
418   /// usual symbol prefix before the symbol name is used then return linkage
419   /// name after skipping this special LLVM prefix.
getRealLinkageName(StringRef Name)420   static StringRef getRealLinkageName(StringRef Name) {
421     if (!Name.empty() && Name[0] == '\1')
422       return Name.substr(1);
423     return Name;
424   }
425 
426   /// Return the modified name for a global value suitable to be
427   /// used as the key for a global lookup (e.g. profile or ThinLTO).
428   /// The value's original name is \c Name and has linkage of type
429   /// \c Linkage. The value is defined in module \c FileName.
430   static std::string getGlobalIdentifier(StringRef Name,
431                                          GlobalValue::LinkageTypes Linkage,
432                                          StringRef FileName);
433 
434   /// Return the modified name for this global value suitable to be
435   /// used as the key for a global lookup (e.g. profile or ThinLTO).
436   std::string getGlobalIdentifier() const;
437 
438   /// Declare a type to represent a global unique identifier for a global value.
439   /// This is a 64 bits hash that is used by PGO and ThinLTO to have a compact
440   /// unique way to identify a symbol.
441   using GUID = uint64_t;
442 
443   /// Return a 64-bit global unique ID constructed from global value name
444   /// (i.e. returned by getGlobalIdentifier()).
getGUID(StringRef GlobalName)445   static GUID getGUID(StringRef GlobalName) { return MD5Hash(GlobalName); }
446 
447   /// Return a 64-bit global unique ID constructed from global value name
448   /// (i.e. returned by getGlobalIdentifier()).
getGUID()449   GUID getGUID() const { return getGUID(getGlobalIdentifier()); }
450 
451   /// @name Materialization
452   /// Materialization is used to construct functions only as they're needed.
453   /// This
454   /// is useful to reduce memory usage in LLVM or parsing work done by the
455   /// BitcodeReader to load the Module.
456   /// @{
457 
458   /// If this function's Module is being lazily streamed in functions from disk
459   /// or some other source, this method can be used to check to see if the
460   /// function has been read in yet or not.
461   bool isMaterializable() const;
462 
463   /// Make sure this GlobalValue is fully read. If the module is corrupt, this
464   /// returns true and fills in the optional string with information about the
465   /// problem.  If successful, this returns false.
466   std::error_code materialize();
467 
468 /// @}
469 
470   /// Return true if the primary definition of this global value is outside of
471   /// the current translation unit.
472   bool isDeclaration() const;
473 
isDeclarationForLinker()474   bool isDeclarationForLinker() const {
475     if (hasAvailableExternallyLinkage())
476       return true;
477 
478     return isDeclaration();
479   }
480 
481   /// Returns true if this global's definition will be the one chosen by the
482   /// linker.
483   ///
484   /// NB! Ideally this should not be used at the IR level at all.  If you're
485   /// interested in optimization constraints implied by the linker's ability to
486   /// choose an implementation, prefer using \c hasExactDefinition.
isStrongDefinitionForLinker()487   bool isStrongDefinitionForLinker() const {
488     return !(isDeclarationForLinker() || isWeakForLinker());
489   }
490 
491   // Returns true if the alignment of the value can be unilaterally
492   // increased.
493   bool canIncreaseAlignment() const;
494 
495   /// This method unlinks 'this' from the containing module, but does not delete
496   /// it.
497   virtual void removeFromParent() = 0;
498 
499   /// This method unlinks 'this' from the containing module and deletes it.
500   virtual void eraseFromParent() = 0;
501 
502   /// Get the module that this global value is contained inside of...
getParent()503   Module *getParent() { return Parent; }
getParent()504   const Module *getParent() const { return Parent; }
505 
506   // Methods for support type inquiry through isa, cast, and dyn_cast:
classof(const Value * V)507   static bool classof(const Value *V) {
508     return V->getValueID() == Value::FunctionVal ||
509            V->getValueID() == Value::GlobalVariableVal ||
510            V->getValueID() == Value::GlobalAliasVal ||
511            V->getValueID() == Value::GlobalIFuncVal;
512   }
513 };
514 
515 } // End llvm namespace
516 
517 #endif
518