1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 package com.android.internal.os;
18 
19 import android.os.IVold;
20 import android.os.Trace;
21 import android.system.ErrnoException;
22 import android.system.Os;
23 
24 import dalvik.system.ZygoteHooks;
25 
26 /** @hide */
27 public final class Zygote {
28     /*
29     * Bit values for "runtimeFlags" argument.  The definitions are duplicated
30     * in the native code.
31     */
32 
33     /** enable debugging over JDWP */
34     public static final int DEBUG_ENABLE_JDWP   = 1;
35     /** enable JNI checks */
36     public static final int DEBUG_ENABLE_CHECKJNI   = 1 << 1;
37     /** enable Java programming language "assert" statements */
38     public static final int DEBUG_ENABLE_ASSERT     = 1 << 2;
39     /** disable the AOT compiler and JIT */
40     public static final int DEBUG_ENABLE_SAFEMODE   = 1 << 3;
41     /** Enable logging of third-party JNI activity. */
42     public static final int DEBUG_ENABLE_JNI_LOGGING = 1 << 4;
43     /** Force generation of native debugging information. */
44     public static final int DEBUG_GENERATE_DEBUG_INFO = 1 << 5;
45     /** Always use JIT-ed code. */
46     public static final int DEBUG_ALWAYS_JIT = 1 << 6;
47     /** Make the code native debuggable by turning off some optimizations. */
48     public static final int DEBUG_NATIVE_DEBUGGABLE = 1 << 7;
49     /** Make the code Java debuggable by turning off some optimizations. */
50     public static final int DEBUG_JAVA_DEBUGGABLE = 1 << 8;
51 
52     /** Turn off the verifier. */
53     public static final int DISABLE_VERIFIER = 1 << 9;
54     /** Only use oat files located in /system. Otherwise use dex/jar/apk . */
55     public static final int ONLY_USE_SYSTEM_OAT_FILES = 1 << 10;
56     /** Force generation of native debugging information for backtraces. */
57     public static final int DEBUG_GENERATE_MINI_DEBUG_INFO = 1 << 11;
58     /**
59      * Hidden API access restrictions. This is a mask for bits representing the API enforcement
60      * policy, defined by {@code @ApplicationInfo.HiddenApiEnforcementPolicy}.
61      */
62     public static final int API_ENFORCEMENT_POLICY_MASK = (1 << 12) | (1 << 13);
63     /**
64      * Bit shift for use with {@link #API_ENFORCEMENT_POLICY_MASK}.
65      *
66      * (flags & API_ENFORCEMENT_POLICY_MASK) >> API_ENFORCEMENT_POLICY_SHIFT gives
67      * @ApplicationInfo.ApiEnforcementPolicy values.
68      */
69     public static final int API_ENFORCEMENT_POLICY_SHIFT =
70             Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(API_ENFORCEMENT_POLICY_MASK);
71     /**
72      * Enable system server ART profiling.
73      */
74     public static final int PROFILE_SYSTEM_SERVER = 1 << 14;
75 
76     /** No external storage should be mounted. */
77     public static final int MOUNT_EXTERNAL_NONE = IVold.REMOUNT_MODE_NONE;
78     /** Default external storage should be mounted. */
79     public static final int MOUNT_EXTERNAL_DEFAULT = IVold.REMOUNT_MODE_DEFAULT;
80     /** Read-only external storage should be mounted. */
81     public static final int MOUNT_EXTERNAL_READ = IVold.REMOUNT_MODE_READ;
82     /** Read-write external storage should be mounted. */
83     public static final int MOUNT_EXTERNAL_WRITE = IVold.REMOUNT_MODE_WRITE;
84 
85     private static final ZygoteHooks VM_HOOKS = new ZygoteHooks();
86 
87     /**
88      * An extraArg passed when a zygote process is forking a child-zygote, specifying a name
89      * in the abstract socket namespace. This socket name is what the new child zygote
90      * should listen for connections on.
91      */
92     public static final String CHILD_ZYGOTE_SOCKET_NAME_ARG = "--zygote-socket=";
93 
Zygote()94     private Zygote() {}
95 
96     /** Called for some security initialization before any fork. */
nativeSecurityInit()97     native static void nativeSecurityInit();
98 
99     /**
100      * Forks a new VM instance.  The current VM must have been started
101      * with the -Xzygote flag. <b>NOTE: new instance keeps all
102      * root capabilities. The new process is expected to call capset()</b>.
103      *
104      * @param uid the UNIX uid that the new process should setuid() to after
105      * fork()ing and and before spawning any threads.
106      * @param gid the UNIX gid that the new process should setgid() to after
107      * fork()ing and and before spawning any threads.
108      * @param gids null-ok; a list of UNIX gids that the new process should
109      * setgroups() to after fork and before spawning any threads.
110      * @param runtimeFlags bit flags that enable ART features.
111      * @param rlimits null-ok an array of rlimit tuples, with the second
112      * dimension having a length of 3 and representing
113      * (resource, rlim_cur, rlim_max). These are set via the posix
114      * setrlimit(2) call.
115      * @param seInfo null-ok a string specifying SELinux information for
116      * the new process.
117      * @param niceName null-ok a string specifying the process name.
118      * @param fdsToClose an array of ints, holding one or more POSIX
119      * file descriptor numbers that are to be closed by the child
120      * (and replaced by /dev/null) after forking.  An integer value
121      * of -1 in any entry in the array means "ignore this one".
122      * @param fdsToIgnore null-ok an array of ints, either null or holding
123      * one or more POSIX file descriptor numbers that are to be ignored
124      * in the file descriptor table check.
125      * @param startChildZygote if true, the new child process will itself be a
126      * new zygote process.
127      * @param instructionSet null-ok the instruction set to use.
128      * @param appDataDir null-ok the data directory of the app.
129      *
130      * @return 0 if this is the child, pid of the child
131      * if this is the parent, or -1 on error.
132      */
forkAndSpecialize(int uid, int gid, int[] gids, int runtimeFlags, int[][] rlimits, int mountExternal, String seInfo, String niceName, int[] fdsToClose, int[] fdsToIgnore, boolean startChildZygote, String instructionSet, String appDataDir)133     public static int forkAndSpecialize(int uid, int gid, int[] gids, int runtimeFlags,
134           int[][] rlimits, int mountExternal, String seInfo, String niceName, int[] fdsToClose,
135           int[] fdsToIgnore, boolean startChildZygote, String instructionSet, String appDataDir) {
136         VM_HOOKS.preFork();
137         // Resets nice priority for zygote process.
138         resetNicePriority();
139         int pid = nativeForkAndSpecialize(
140                   uid, gid, gids, runtimeFlags, rlimits, mountExternal, seInfo, niceName, fdsToClose,
141                   fdsToIgnore, startChildZygote, instructionSet, appDataDir);
142         // Enable tracing as soon as possible for the child process.
143         if (pid == 0) {
144             Trace.setTracingEnabled(true, runtimeFlags);
145 
146             // Note that this event ends at the end of handleChildProc,
147             Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "PostFork");
148         }
149         VM_HOOKS.postForkCommon();
150         return pid;
151     }
152 
nativeForkAndSpecialize(int uid, int gid, int[] gids,int runtimeFlags, int[][] rlimits, int mountExternal, String seInfo, String niceName, int[] fdsToClose, int[] fdsToIgnore, boolean startChildZygote, String instructionSet, String appDataDir)153     native private static int nativeForkAndSpecialize(int uid, int gid, int[] gids,int runtimeFlags,
154           int[][] rlimits, int mountExternal, String seInfo, String niceName, int[] fdsToClose,
155           int[] fdsToIgnore, boolean startChildZygote, String instructionSet, String appDataDir);
156 
157     /**
158      * Called to do any initialization before starting an application.
159      */
nativePreApplicationInit()160     native static void nativePreApplicationInit();
161 
162     /**
163      * Special method to start the system server process. In addition to the
164      * common actions performed in forkAndSpecialize, the pid of the child
165      * process is recorded such that the death of the child process will cause
166      * zygote to exit.
167      *
168      * @param uid the UNIX uid that the new process should setuid() to after
169      * fork()ing and and before spawning any threads.
170      * @param gid the UNIX gid that the new process should setgid() to after
171      * fork()ing and and before spawning any threads.
172      * @param gids null-ok; a list of UNIX gids that the new process should
173      * setgroups() to after fork and before spawning any threads.
174      * @param runtimeFlags bit flags that enable ART features.
175      * @param rlimits null-ok an array of rlimit tuples, with the second
176      * dimension having a length of 3 and representing
177      * (resource, rlim_cur, rlim_max). These are set via the posix
178      * setrlimit(2) call.
179      * @param permittedCapabilities argument for setcap()
180      * @param effectiveCapabilities argument for setcap()
181      *
182      * @return 0 if this is the child, pid of the child
183      * if this is the parent, or -1 on error.
184      */
forkSystemServer(int uid, int gid, int[] gids, int runtimeFlags, int[][] rlimits, long permittedCapabilities, long effectiveCapabilities)185     public static int forkSystemServer(int uid, int gid, int[] gids, int runtimeFlags,
186             int[][] rlimits, long permittedCapabilities, long effectiveCapabilities) {
187         VM_HOOKS.preFork();
188         // Resets nice priority for zygote process.
189         resetNicePriority();
190         int pid = nativeForkSystemServer(
191                 uid, gid, gids, runtimeFlags, rlimits, permittedCapabilities, effectiveCapabilities);
192         // Enable tracing as soon as we enter the system_server.
193         if (pid == 0) {
194             Trace.setTracingEnabled(true, runtimeFlags);
195         }
196         VM_HOOKS.postForkCommon();
197         return pid;
198     }
199 
nativeForkSystemServer(int uid, int gid, int[] gids, int runtimeFlags, int[][] rlimits, long permittedCapabilities, long effectiveCapabilities)200     native private static int nativeForkSystemServer(int uid, int gid, int[] gids, int runtimeFlags,
201             int[][] rlimits, long permittedCapabilities, long effectiveCapabilities);
202 
203     /**
204      * Lets children of the zygote inherit open file descriptors to this path.
205      */
nativeAllowFileAcrossFork(String path)206     native protected static void nativeAllowFileAcrossFork(String path);
207 
208     /**
209      * Zygote unmount storage space on initializing.
210      * This method is called once.
211      */
nativeUnmountStorageOnInit()212     native protected static void nativeUnmountStorageOnInit();
213 
callPostForkChildHooks(int runtimeFlags, boolean isSystemServer, boolean isZygote, String instructionSet)214     private static void callPostForkChildHooks(int runtimeFlags, boolean isSystemServer,
215             boolean isZygote, String instructionSet) {
216         VM_HOOKS.postForkChild(runtimeFlags, isSystemServer, isZygote, instructionSet);
217     }
218 
219     /**
220      * Resets the calling thread priority to the default value (Thread.NORM_PRIORITY
221      * or nice value 0). This updates both the priority value in java.lang.Thread and
222      * the nice value (setpriority).
223      */
resetNicePriority()224     static void resetNicePriority() {
225         Thread.currentThread().setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
226     }
227 
228     /**
229      * Executes "/system/bin/sh -c &lt;command&gt;" using the exec() system call.
230      * This method throws a runtime exception if exec() failed, otherwise, this
231      * method never returns.
232      *
233      * @param command The shell command to execute.
234      */
execShell(String command)235     public static void execShell(String command) {
236         String[] args = { "/system/bin/sh", "-c", command };
237         try {
238             Os.execv(args[0], args);
239         } catch (ErrnoException e) {
240             throw new RuntimeException(e);
241         }
242     }
243 
244     /**
245      * Appends quotes shell arguments to the specified string builder.
246      * The arguments are quoted using single-quotes, escaped if necessary,
247      * prefixed with a space, and appended to the command.
248      *
249      * @param command A string builder for the shell command being constructed.
250      * @param args An array of argument strings to be quoted and appended to the command.
251      * @see #execShell(String)
252      */
appendQuotedShellArgs(StringBuilder command, String[] args)253     public static void appendQuotedShellArgs(StringBuilder command, String[] args) {
254         for (String arg : args) {
255             command.append(" '").append(arg.replace("'", "'\\''")).append("'");
256         }
257     }
258 }
259