1<?xml version="1.0"?> 2<!DOCTYPE kanjidic2 [ 3<!-- Version 1.3 4 This is the DTD of the XML-format kanji file combining information from 5 the KANJIDIC and KANJD212 files. It is intended to be largely self- 6 documenting, with each field being accompanied by an explanatory 7 comment. 8 9 The file covers the following kanji: 10 (a) the 6,355 kanji from JIS X 0208; 11 (b) the 5,801 kanji from JIS X 0212; 12 (c) the 3,625 kanji from JIS X 0213 as follows: 13 (i) the 2,741 kanji which are also in JIS X 0212 have 14 JIS X 0213 code-points (kuten) added to the existing entry; 15 (ii) the 884 "new" kanji have new entries. 16 17 At the end of the explanation for a number of fields there is a tag 18 with the format [N]. This indicates the leading letter(s) of the 19 equivalent field in the KANJIDIC and KANJD212 files. 20 21 The KANJIDIC documentation should also be read for additional 22 information about the information in the file. 23 --><!ELEMENT kanjidic2 (header , character*)> 24<!ELEMENT header (file_version , database_version , date_of_creation)> 25<!-- 26 The single header element will contain identification information 27 about the version of the file 28 --><!ELEMENT file_version (#PCDATA)> 29<!-- 30 This field denotes the version of kanjidic2 structure, as more 31 than one version may exist. 32 --><!ELEMENT database_version (#PCDATA)> 33<!-- 34 The version of the file, in the format YYYY-NN, where NN will be 35 a number starting with 01 for the first version released in a 36 calendar year, then increasing for each version in that year. 37 --><!ELEMENT date_of_creation (#PCDATA)> 38<!-- 39 The date the file was created in international format (YYYY-MM-DD). 40 --><!ELEMENT character (literal , codepoint , radical , misc , dic_number? , query_code? , reading_meaning? , nanori?)*> 41<!ELEMENT literal (#PCDATA)> 42<!-- 43 The character itself in UTF8 coding. 44 --><!ELEMENT codepoint (cp_value)+> 45<!-- 46 The codepoint element states the code of the character in the various 47 character set standards. 48 --><!ELEMENT cp_value (#PCDATA)> 49<!-- 50 The cp_value contains the codepoint of the character in a particular 51 standard. The standard will be identified in the cp_type attribute. 52 --><!ATTLIST cp_value cp_type CDATA #REQUIRED> 53<!-- 54 The cp_type attribute states the coding standard applying to the 55 element. The values assigned so far are: 56 jis208 - JIS X 0208-1997 - kuten coding (nn-nn) 57 jis212 - JIS X 0212-1990 - kuten coding (nn-nn) 58 jis213 - JIS X 0213-2000 - kuten coding (p-nn-nn) 59 ucs - Unicode 4.0 - hex coding (4 or 5 hexadecimal digits) 60 --><!ELEMENT radical (rad_value)+> 61<!ELEMENT rad_value (#PCDATA)> 62<!-- 63 The radical number, in the range 1 to 214. The particular 64 classification type is stated in the rad_type attribute. 65 --><!ATTLIST rad_value rad_type CDATA #REQUIRED> 66<!-- 67 The rad_type attribute states the type of radical classification. 68 classical - as recorded in the KangXi Zidian. 69 nelson - as used in the Nelson "Modern Japanese-English 70 Character Dictionary" (i.e. the Classic, not the New Nelson). 71 This will only be used where Nelson reclassified the kanji. 72 --><!ELEMENT misc (grade? , stroke_count+ , variant* , freq* , rad_name*)> 73<!ELEMENT grade (#PCDATA)> 74<!-- 75 The Jouyou Kanji grade level. 1 through 6 indicate the grade in which 76 the kanji is taught in Japanese schools. 8 indicates it is one of the 77 remaining Jouyou Kanji to be learned in junior high school, and 9 78 indicates it is a Jinmeiyou (for use in names) kanji. [G] 79 --><!ELEMENT stroke_count (#PCDATA)> 80<!-- 81 The stroke count of the kanji, including the radical. If more than 82 one, the first is considered the accepted count, while subsequent ones 83 are common miscounts. (See Appendix E. of the KANJIDIC documentation 84 for some of the rules applied when counting strokes in some of the 85 radicals.) [S] 86 --><!ELEMENT variant (#PCDATA)> 87<!-- 88 A cross-reference code to another kanji, usually regarded as a variant. 89 The type of cross-reference is given in the var_type attribute. 90 --><!ATTLIST variant var_type CDATA #REQUIRED> 91<!-- 92 The var_type attribute indicates the type of variant code. The current 93 values are: 94 jis208 - in JIS X 0208 - kuten coding 95 jis212 - in JIS X 0212 - kuten coding 96 jis213 - in JIS X 0213 - kuten coding 97 deroo - De Roo number - numeric 98 njecd - Halpern NJECD index number - numeric 99 s_h - The Kanji Dictionary (Spahn & Hadamitzky) - descriptor 100 nelson - "Classic" Nelson - numeric 101 oneill - Japanese Names (O'Neill) - numeric 102 --><!ELEMENT freq (#PCDATA)> 103<!-- 104 A frequency-of-use ranking. The 2,500 most-used characters have a 105 ranking; those characters that lack this field are not ranked. The 106 frequency is a number from 1 to 2,500 that expresses the relative 107 frequency of occurrence of a character in modern Japanese. This is 108 based on a survey in newspapers, so it is biassed towards kanji 109 used in newspaper articles. The discrimination between the less 110 frequently used kanji is not strong. 111 --><!ELEMENT rad_name (#PCDATA)> 112<!-- 113 When the kanji is itself a radical and has a name, this element 114 contains the name (in hiragana.) [T2] 115 --><!ELEMENT dic_number (dic_ref)+> 116<!-- 117 This element contains the index numbers and similar unstructured 118 information such as page numbers in a number of published dictionaries, 119 and instructional books on kanji. 120 --><!ELEMENT dic_ref (#PCDATA)> 121<!-- 122 Each dic_ref contains an index number. The particular dictionary, 123 etc. is defined by the dr_type attribute. 124 --><!ATTLIST dic_ref dr_type CDATA #REQUIRED> 125<!-- 126 The dr_type defines the dictionary or reference book, etc. to which 127 dic_ref element applies. The initial allocation is: 128 nelson_c - "Modern Reader's Japanese-English Character Dictionary", 129 edited by Andrew Nelson (now published as the "Classic" 130 Nelson). 131 nelson_n - "The New Nelson Japanese-English Character Dictionary", 132 edited by John Haig. 133 halpern_njecd - "New Japanese-English Character Dictionary", 134 edited by Jack Halpern. 135 halpern_kkld - "Kanji Learners Dictionary" (Kodansha) edited by 136 Jack Halpern. 137 heisig - "Remembering The Kanji" by James Heisig. 138 gakken - "A New Dictionary of Kanji Usage" (Gakken) 139 oneill_names - "Japanese Names", by P.G. O'Neill. 140 oneill_kk - "Essential Kanji" by P.G. O'Neill. 141 moro - "Daikanwajiten" compiled by Morohashi. For some kanji two 142 additional attributes are used: m_vol: the volume of the 143 dictionary in which the kanji is found, and m_page: the page 144 number in the volume. 145 henshall - "A Guide To Remembering Japanese Characters" by 146 Kenneth G. Henshall. 147 sh_kk - "Kanji and Kana" by Spahn and Hadamitzky. 148 sakade - "A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese" edited by 149 Florence Sakade. 150 henshall3 - "A Guide To Reading and Writing Japanese" 3rd 151 edition, edited by Henshall, Seeley and De Groot. 152 tutt_cards - Tuttle Kanji Cards, compiled by Alexander Kask. 153 crowley - "The Kanji Way to Japanese Language Power" by 154 Dale Crowley. 155 kanji_in_context - "Kanji in Context" by Nishiguchi and Kono. 156 busy_people - "Japanese For Busy People" vols I-III, published 157 by the AJLT. The codes are the volume.chapter. 158 kodansha_compact - the "Kodansha Compact Kanji Guide". 159 --><!ATTLIST dic_ref m_vol CDATA #IMPLIED> 160<!-- 161 See above under "moro". 162 --><!ATTLIST dic_ref m_page CDATA #IMPLIED> 163<!-- 164 See above under "moro". 165 --><!ELEMENT query_code (q_code)+> 166<!-- 167 These codes contain information relating to the glyph, and can be used 168 for finding a required kanji. The type of code is defined by the 169 qc_type attribute. 170 --><!ELEMENT q_code (#PCDATA)> 171<!-- 172 The q_code contains the actual query-code value, according to the 173 qc_type attribute. 174 --><!ATTLIST q_code qc_type CDATA #REQUIRED> 175<!-- 176 The q_code attribute defines the type of query code. The current values 177 are: 178 skip - Halpern's SKIP (System of Kanji Indexing by Patterns) 179 code. The format is n-nn-nn. See the KANJIDIC documentation 180 for a description of the code and restrictions on the 181 commercial use of this data. [P] 182 183 sh_desc - the descriptor codes for The Kanji Dictionary (Tuttle 184 1996) by Spahn and Hadamitzky. They are in the form nxnn.n, 185 e.g. 3k11.2, where the kanji has 3 strokes in the 186 identifying radical, it is radical "k" in the SH 187 classification system, there are 11 other strokes, and it is 188 the 2nd kanji in the 3k11 sequence. (I am very grateful to 189 Mark Spahn for providing the list of these descriptor codes 190 for the kanji in this file.) [I] 191 four_corner - the "Four Corner" code for the kanji. This is a code 192 invented by Wang Chen in 1928. See the KANJIDIC documentation 193 for an overview of the Four Corner System. [Q] 194 195 deroo - the codes developed by the late Father Joseph De Roo, and 196 published in his book "2001 Kanji" (Bojinsha). Fr De Roo 197 gave his permission for these codes to be included. [DR] 198 misclass - a possible misclassification of the kanji according 199 to one of the code types. (See the "Z" codes in the KANJIDIC 200 documentation for more details.) 201 202 --><!ELEMENT reading_meaning (rmgroup* , nanori*)> 203<!-- 204 The readings for the kanji in several languages, and the meanings, also 205 in several languages. The readings and meanings are grouped to enable 206 the handling of the situation where the meaning is differentiated by 207 reading. [T1] 208 --><!ELEMENT nanori (#PCDATA)> 209<!-- 210 Japanese readings that are now only associated with names. 211 --><!ELEMENT rmgroup (reading* , meaning*)> 212<!ELEMENT reading (#PCDATA)> 213<!-- 214 The reading element contains the reading or pronunciation 215 of the kanji. 216 --><!ATTLIST reading r_type CDATA #REQUIRED> 217<!-- 218 The r_type attribute defines the type of reading in the reading 219 element. The current values are: 220 pinyin - the modern PinYin romanization of the Chinese reading 221 of the kanji. The tones are represented by a concluding 222 digit. [Y] 223 korean_r - the romanized form of the Korean reading(s) of the 224 kanji. The readings are in the (Republic of Korea) Ministry 225 of Education style of romanization. [W] 226 korean_h - the Korean reading(s) of the kanji in hangul. 227 ja_on - the "on" Japanese reading of the kanji, in katakana. A 228 second attribute r_status, if present, will indicate with 229 a value of "jy" whether the reading is approved for a 230 "Jouyou kanji". 231 ja_kun - the "kun" Japanese reading of the kanji, in hiragana. 232 Where relevant the okurigana is also included separated by a 233 ".". Readings associated with prefixes and suffixes are 234 marked with a "-". A second attribute r_status, if present, 235 will indicate with a value of "jy" whether the reading is 236 approved for a "Jouyou kanji". 237 --><!ATTLIST reading r_status CDATA #IMPLIED> 238<!-- 239 See under ja_on and ja_kun above. 240 --><!ELEMENT meaning (#PCDATA)> 241<!-- 242 The meaning associated with the kanji. 243 --><!ATTLIST meaning m_lang CDATA #IMPLIED> 244<!-- 245 The m_lang attribute defines the target language of the meaning. It 246 will be coded using the two-letter language code from the ISO 639 247 standard. When absent, the value "en" (i.e. English) is implied. [{}] 248 -->]> 249<kanjidic2> 250</kanjidic2> 251