rust/src/lib.rs

// Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

//! Pleasant Rust bindings for libnativewindow, including AHardwareBuffer

extern crate nativewindow_bindgen as ffi;

mod surface;
pub use surface::Surface;

pub use ffi::{AHardwareBuffer_Format, AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags};

use binder::{
    binder_impl::{BorrowedParcel, UnstructuredParcelable},
    impl_deserialize_for_unstructured_parcelable, impl_serialize_for_unstructured_parcelable,
    unstable_api::{status_result, AsNative},
    StatusCode,
};
use ffi::{AHardwareBuffer, AHardwareBuffer_readFromParcel, AHardwareBuffer_writeToParcel};
use std::fmt::{self, Debug, Formatter};
use std::mem::ManuallyDrop;
use std::ptr::{self, null_mut, NonNull};

/// Wrapper around an opaque C `AHardwareBuffer`.
#[derive(PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct HardwareBuffer(NonNull<AHardwareBuffer>);

impl HardwareBuffer {
    /// Test whether the given format and usage flag combination is allocatable.  If this function
    /// returns true, it means that a buffer with the given description can be allocated on this
    /// implementation, unless resource exhaustion occurs. If this function returns false, it means
    /// that the allocation of the given description will never succeed.
    ///
    /// Available since API 29
    pub fn is_supported(
        width: u32,
        height: u32,
        layers: u32,
        format: AHardwareBuffer_Format::Type,
        usage: AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags,
        stride: u32,
    ) -> bool {
        let buffer_desc = ffi::AHardwareBuffer_Desc {
            width,
            height,
            layers,
            format,
            usage: usage.0,
            stride,
            rfu0: 0,
            rfu1: 0,
        };
        // SAFETY: *buffer_desc will never be null.
        let status = unsafe { ffi::AHardwareBuffer_isSupported(&buffer_desc) };

        status == 1
    }

    /// Allocates a buffer that matches the passed AHardwareBuffer_Desc. If allocation succeeds, the
    /// buffer can be used according to the usage flags specified in its description. If a buffer is
    /// used in ways not compatible with its usage flags, the results are undefined and may include
    /// program termination.
    ///
    /// Available since API level 26.
    #[inline]
    pub fn new(
        width: u32,
        height: u32,
        layers: u32,
        format: AHardwareBuffer_Format::Type,
        usage: AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags,
    ) -> Option<Self> {
        let buffer_desc = ffi::AHardwareBuffer_Desc {
            width,
            height,
            layers,
            format,
            usage: usage.0,
            stride: 0,
            rfu0: 0,
            rfu1: 0,
        };
        let mut ptr = ptr::null_mut();
        // SAFETY: The returned pointer is valid until we drop/deallocate it. The function may fail
        // and return a status, but we check it later.
        let status = unsafe { ffi::AHardwareBuffer_allocate(&buffer_desc, &mut ptr) };

        if status == 0 {
            Some(Self(NonNull::new(ptr).expect("Allocated AHardwareBuffer was null")))
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    /// Adopts the given raw pointer and wraps it in a Rust HardwareBuffer.
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// This function takes ownership of the pointer and does NOT increment the refcount on the
    /// buffer. If the caller uses the pointer after the created object is dropped it will cause
    /// undefined behaviour. If the caller wants to continue using the pointer after calling this
    /// then use [`clone_from_raw`](Self::clone_from_raw) instead.
    pub unsafe fn from_raw(buffer_ptr: NonNull<AHardwareBuffer>) -> Self {
        Self(buffer_ptr)
    }

    /// Creates a new Rust HardwareBuffer to wrap the given AHardwareBuffer without taking ownership
    /// of it.
    ///
    /// Unlike [`from_raw`](Self::from_raw) this method will increment the refcount on the buffer.
    /// This means that the caller can continue to use the raw buffer it passed in, and must call
    /// [`AHardwareBuffer_release`](ffi::AHardwareBuffer_release) when it is finished with it to
    /// avoid a memory leak.
    ///
    /// # Safety
    ///
    /// The buffer pointer must point to a valid `AHardwareBuffer`.
    pub unsafe fn clone_from_raw(buffer: NonNull<AHardwareBuffer>) -> Self {
        // SAFETY: The caller guarantees that the AHardwareBuffer pointer is valid.
        unsafe { ffi::AHardwareBuffer_acquire(buffer.as_ptr()) };
        Self(buffer)
    }

    /// Get the internal |AHardwareBuffer| pointer without decrementing the refcount. This can
    /// be used to provide a pointer to the AHB for a C/C++ API over the FFI.
    pub fn into_raw(self) -> NonNull<AHardwareBuffer> {
        let buffer = ManuallyDrop::new(self);
        buffer.0
    }

    /// Get the system wide unique id for an AHardwareBuffer. This function may panic in extreme
    /// and undocumented circumstances.
    ///
    /// Available since API level 31.
    pub fn id(&self) -> u64 {
        let mut out_id = 0;
        // SAFETY: The AHardwareBuffer pointer we pass is guaranteed to be non-null and valid
        // because it must have been allocated by `AHardwareBuffer_allocate`,
        // `AHardwareBuffer_readFromParcel` or the caller of `from_raw` and we have not yet
        // released it. The id pointer must be valid because it comes from a reference.
        let status = unsafe { ffi::AHardwareBuffer_getId(self.0.as_ptr(), &mut out_id) };
        assert_eq!(status, 0, "id() failed for AHardwareBuffer with error code: {status}");

        out_id
    }

    /// Get the width of this buffer
    pub fn width(&self) -> u32 {
        self.description().width
    }

    /// Get the height of this buffer
    pub fn height(&self) -> u32 {
        self.description().height
    }

    /// Get the number of layers of this buffer
    pub fn layers(&self) -> u32 {
        self.description().layers
    }

    /// Get the format of this buffer
    pub fn format(&self) -> AHardwareBuffer_Format::Type {
        self.description().format
    }

    /// Get the usage bitvector of this buffer
    pub fn usage(&self) -> AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags {
        AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags(self.description().usage)
    }

    /// Get the stride of this buffer
    pub fn stride(&self) -> u32 {
        self.description().stride
    }

    fn description(&self) -> ffi::AHardwareBuffer_Desc {
        let mut buffer_desc = ffi::AHardwareBuffer_Desc {
            width: 0,
            height: 0,
            layers: 0,
            format: 0,
            usage: 0,
            stride: 0,
            rfu0: 0,
            rfu1: 0,
        };
        // SAFETY: neither the buffer nor AHardwareBuffer_Desc pointers will be null.
        unsafe { ffi::AHardwareBuffer_describe(self.0.as_ref(), &mut buffer_desc) };
        buffer_desc
    }
}

impl Drop for HardwareBuffer {
    fn drop(&mut self) {
        // SAFETY: The AHardwareBuffer pointer we pass is guaranteed to be non-null and valid
        // because it must have been allocated by `AHardwareBuffer_allocate`,
        // `AHardwareBuffer_readFromParcel` or the caller of `from_raw` and we have not yet
        // released it.
        unsafe { ffi::AHardwareBuffer_release(self.0.as_ptr()) }
    }
}

impl Debug for HardwareBuffer {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        f.debug_struct("HardwareBuffer").field("id", &self.id()).finish()
    }
}

impl Clone for HardwareBuffer {
    fn clone(&self) -> Self {
        // SAFETY: ptr is guaranteed to be non-null and the acquire can not fail.
        unsafe { ffi::AHardwareBuffer_acquire(self.0.as_ptr()) };
        Self(self.0)
    }
}

impl UnstructuredParcelable for HardwareBuffer {
    fn write_to_parcel(&self, parcel: &mut BorrowedParcel) -> Result<(), StatusCode> {
        let status =
        // SAFETY: The AHardwareBuffer pointer we pass is guaranteed to be non-null and valid
        // because it must have been allocated by `AHardwareBuffer_allocate`,
        // `AHardwareBuffer_readFromParcel` or the caller of `from_raw` and we have not yet
        // released it.
            unsafe { AHardwareBuffer_writeToParcel(self.0.as_ptr(), parcel.as_native_mut()) };
        status_result(status)
    }

    fn from_parcel(parcel: &BorrowedParcel) -> Result<Self, StatusCode> {
        let mut buffer = null_mut();

        let status =
        // SAFETY: Both pointers must be valid because they are obtained from references.
        // `AHardwareBuffer_readFromParcel` doesn't store them or do anything else special
        // with them. If it returns success then it will have allocated a new
        // `AHardwareBuffer` and incremented the reference count, so we can use it until we
        // release it.
            unsafe { AHardwareBuffer_readFromParcel(parcel.as_native(), &mut buffer) };

        status_result(status)?;

        Ok(Self(
            NonNull::new(buffer).expect(
                "AHardwareBuffer_readFromParcel returned success but didn't allocate buffer",
            ),
        ))
    }
}

impl_deserialize_for_unstructured_parcelable!(HardwareBuffer);
impl_serialize_for_unstructured_parcelable!(HardwareBuffer);

// SAFETY: The underlying *AHardwareBuffers can be moved between threads.
unsafe impl Send for HardwareBuffer {}

// SAFETY: The underlying *AHardwareBuffers can be used from multiple threads.
//
// AHardwareBuffers are backed by C++ GraphicBuffers, which are mostly immutable. The only cases
// where they are not immutable are:
//
//   - reallocation (which is never actually done across the codebase and requires special
//     privileges/platform code access to do)
//   - "locking" for reading/writing (which is explicitly allowed to be done across multiple threads
//     according to the docs on the underlying gralloc calls)
unsafe impl Sync for HardwareBuffer {}

#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
    use super::*;

    #[test]
    fn create_valid_buffer_returns_ok() {
        let buffer = HardwareBuffer::new(
            512,
            512,
            1,
            AHardwareBuffer_Format::AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
            AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags::AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN,
        );
        assert!(buffer.is_some());
    }

    #[test]
    fn create_invalid_buffer_returns_err() {
        let buffer = HardwareBuffer::new(512, 512, 1, 0, AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags(0));
        assert!(buffer.is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn from_raw_allows_getters() {
        let buffer_desc = ffi::AHardwareBuffer_Desc {
            width: 1024,
            height: 512,
            layers: 1,
            format: AHardwareBuffer_Format::AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
            usage: AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags::AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN.0,
            stride: 0,
            rfu0: 0,
            rfu1: 0,
        };
        let mut raw_buffer_ptr = ptr::null_mut();

        // SAFETY: The pointers are valid because they come from references, and
        // `AHardwareBuffer_allocate` doesn't retain them after it returns.
        let status = unsafe { ffi::AHardwareBuffer_allocate(&buffer_desc, &mut raw_buffer_ptr) };
        assert_eq!(status, 0);

        // SAFETY: The pointer must be valid because it was just allocated successfully, and we
        // don't use it after calling this.
        let buffer = unsafe { HardwareBuffer::from_raw(NonNull::new(raw_buffer_ptr).unwrap()) };
        assert_eq!(buffer.width(), 1024);
    }

    #[test]
    fn basic_getters() {
        let buffer = HardwareBuffer::new(
            1024,
            512,
            1,
            AHardwareBuffer_Format::AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
            AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags::AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN,
        )
        .expect("Buffer with some basic parameters was not created successfully");

        assert_eq!(buffer.width(), 1024);
        assert_eq!(buffer.height(), 512);
        assert_eq!(buffer.layers(), 1);
        assert_eq!(buffer.format(), AHardwareBuffer_Format::AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM);
        assert_eq!(
            buffer.usage(),
            AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags::AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn id_getter() {
        let buffer = HardwareBuffer::new(
            1024,
            512,
            1,
            AHardwareBuffer_Format::AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
            AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags::AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN,
        )
        .expect("Buffer with some basic parameters was not created successfully");

        assert_ne!(0, buffer.id());
    }

    #[test]
    fn clone() {
        let buffer = HardwareBuffer::new(
            1024,
            512,
            1,
            AHardwareBuffer_Format::AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
            AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags::AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN,
        )
        .expect("Buffer with some basic parameters was not created successfully");
        let buffer2 = buffer.clone();

        assert_eq!(buffer, buffer2);
    }

    #[test]
    fn into_raw() {
        let buffer = HardwareBuffer::new(
            1024,
            512,
            1,
            AHardwareBuffer_Format::AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM,
            AHardwareBuffer_UsageFlags::AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN,
        )
        .expect("Buffer with some basic parameters was not created successfully");
        let buffer2 = buffer.clone();

        let raw_buffer = buffer.into_raw();
        // SAFETY: This is the same pointer we had before.
        let remade_buffer = unsafe { HardwareBuffer::from_raw(raw_buffer) };

        assert_eq!(remade_buffer, buffer2);
    }
}