1 /*	$NetBSD: res_query.c,v 1.7 2006/01/24 17:41:25 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1988, 1993
5  *    The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  * 	This product includes software developed by the University of
18  * 	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
19  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21  *    without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
34  */
35 
36 /*
37  * Portions Copyright (c) 1993 by Digital Equipment Corporation.
38  *
39  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
40  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
41  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies, and that
42  * the name of Digital Equipment Corporation not be used in advertising or
43  * publicity pertaining to distribution of the document or software without
44  * specific, written prior permission.
45  *
46  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORP. DISCLAIMS ALL
47  * WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES
48  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.   IN NO EVENT SHALL DIGITAL EQUIPMENT
49  * CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
50  * DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR
51  * PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
52  * ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
53  * SOFTWARE.
54  */
55 
56 /*
57  * Copyright (c) 2004 by Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
58  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-1999 by Internet Software Consortium.
59  *
60  * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
61  * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
62  * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
63  *
64  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND ISC DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
65  * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
66  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS.  IN NO EVENT SHALL ISC BE LIABLE FOR
67  * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
68  * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
69  * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
70  * OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
71  */
72 
73 #define LOG_TAG "resolv"
74 
75 #include <arpa/inet.h>
76 #include <arpa/nameser.h>
77 #include <ctype.h>
78 #include <errno.h>
79 #include <netdb.h>
80 #include <netinet/in.h>
81 #include <sys/param.h>
82 #include <stdlib.h>
83 #include <string.h>
84 #include <unistd.h>
85 
86 #include <android-base/logging.h>
87 
88 #include "res_debug.h"
89 #include "resolv_cache.h"
90 #include "resolv_private.h"
91 
92 /*
93  * Formulate a normal query, send, and await answer.
94  * Returned answer is placed in supplied buffer "answer".
95  * Perform preliminary check of answer, returning success only
96  * if no error is indicated and the answer count is nonzero.
97  * Return the size of the response on success, -1 on error.
98  * Error number is left in *herrno.
99  *
100  * Caller must parse answer and determine whether it answers the question.
101  */
res_nquery(ResState * statp,const char * name,int cl,int type,std::span<uint8_t> answer,int * herrno)102 int res_nquery(ResState* statp, const char* name,  // domain name
103                int cl, int type,                   // class and type of query
104                std::span<uint8_t> answer,          // buffer to put answer
105                int* herrno)                        // legacy and extended h_errno
106                                                    // NETD_RESOLV_H_ERRNO_EXT_*
107 {
108     uint8_t buf[MAXPACKET];
109     HEADER* hp = reinterpret_cast<HEADER*>(answer.data());
110     int n;
111     int rcode = NOERROR;
112     bool retried = false;
113 
114 again:
115     hp->rcode = NOERROR;  // default
116 
117     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": (" << cl << ", " << type << ")";
118     n = res_nmkquery(QUERY, name, cl, type, {}, buf, statp->netcontext_flags);
119     if (n > 0 &&
120         (statp->netcontext_flags &
121          (NET_CONTEXT_FLAG_USE_DNS_OVER_TLS | NET_CONTEXT_FLAG_USE_EDNS)) &&
122         !retried)
123         n = res_nopt(statp, n, buf, answer.size());
124     if (n <= 0) {
125         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": mkquery failed";
126         *herrno = NO_RECOVERY;
127         return n;
128     }
129     n = res_nsend(statp, std::span(buf, n), answer, &rcode, 0);
130     if (n < 0) {
131         // If the query choked with EDNS0, retry without EDNS0 that when the server
132         // has no response, resovler won't retry and do nothing. Even fallback to UDP,
133         // we also has the same symptom if EDNS is enabled.
134         if ((statp->netcontext_flags &
135              (NET_CONTEXT_FLAG_USE_DNS_OVER_TLS | NET_CONTEXT_FLAG_USE_EDNS)) &&
136             (statp->flags & RES_F_EDNS0ERR) && !retried) {
137             LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": retry without EDNS0";
138             retried = true;
139             goto again;
140         }
141         LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": send error";
142 
143         // Note that rcodes SERVFAIL, NOTIMP, REFUSED may cause res_nquery() to return a general
144         // error code EAI_AGAIN, but mapping the error code from rcode as res_queryN_parallel()
145         // does for getaddrinfo(). Different rcodes trigger different behaviors:
146         //
147         // - SERVFAIL, NOTIMP, REFUSED
148         //   These result in send_dg() returning 0, causing res_nsend() to try the next
149         //   nameserver. After all nameservers failed, res_nsend() returns -ETIMEDOUT, causing
150         //   res_nquery() to return EAI_AGAIN here regardless of the rcode from the DNS response.
151         //
152         // - NXDOMAIN, FORMERR
153         //   These rcodes may cause res_nsend() to return successfully (i.e. the result is a
154         //   positive integer). In this case, res_nquery() returns error number by referring
155         //   the rcode from the DNS response.
156         switch (rcode) {
157             case RCODE_TIMEOUT:  // Not defined in RFC.
158                 // DNS metrics monitors DNS query timeout.
159                 *herrno = NETD_RESOLV_H_ERRNO_EXT_TIMEOUT;  // extended h_errno.
160                 break;
161             default:
162                 *herrno = TRY_AGAIN;
163                 break;
164         }
165         return n;
166     }
167 
168     if (hp->rcode != NOERROR || ntohs(hp->ancount) == 0) {
169         LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": rcode = (" << p_rcode(hp->rcode)
170                   << "), counts = an:" << ntohs(hp->ancount) << " ns:" << ntohs(hp->nscount)
171                   << " ar:" << ntohs(hp->arcount);
172 
173         switch (hp->rcode) {
174             case NXDOMAIN:
175                 *herrno = HOST_NOT_FOUND;
176                 break;
177             case SERVFAIL:
178                 *herrno = TRY_AGAIN;
179                 break;
180             case NOERROR:
181                 *herrno = NO_DATA;
182                 break;
183             case FORMERR:
184             case NOTIMP:
185             case REFUSED:
186             default:
187                 *herrno = NO_RECOVERY;
188                 break;
189         }
190         return -1;
191     }
192     return n;
193 }
194 
195 /*
196  * Formulate a normal query, send, and retrieve answer in supplied buffer.
197  * Return the size of the response on success, -1 on error.
198  * If enabled, implement search rules until answer or unrecoverable failure
199  * is detected.  Error code, if any, is left in *herrno.
200  */
res_nsearch(ResState * statp,const char * name,int cl,int type,std::span<uint8_t> answer,int * herrno)201 int res_nsearch(ResState* statp, const char* name, /* domain name */
202                 int cl, int type,                  /* class and type of query */
203                 std::span<uint8_t> answer,         /* buffer to put answer */
204                 int* herrno)                       /* legacy and extended
205                                                       h_errno NETD_RESOLV_H_ERRNO_EXT_* */
206 {
207     const char* cp;
208     HEADER* hp = reinterpret_cast<HEADER*>(answer.data());
209     uint32_t dots;
210     int ret, saved_herrno;
211     int got_nodata = 0, got_servfail = 0, root_on_list = 0;
212     int tried_as_is = 0;
213 
214     errno = 0;
215     *herrno = HOST_NOT_FOUND; /* True if we never query. */
216 
217     dots = 0;
218     for (cp = name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) dots += (*cp == '.');
219     const bool trailing_dot = (cp > name && *--cp == '.') ? true : false;
220 
221     /*
222      * If there are enough dots in the name, let's just give it a
223      * try 'as is'. The threshold can be set with the "ndots" option.
224      * Also, query 'as is', if there is a trailing dot in the name.
225      */
226     saved_herrno = -1;
227     if (dots >= statp->ndots || trailing_dot) {
228         ret = res_nquerydomain(statp, name, NULL, cl, type, answer, herrno);
229         if (ret > 0 || trailing_dot) return ret;
230         saved_herrno = *herrno;
231         tried_as_is++;
232     }
233 
234     /*
235      * We do at least one level of search if
236      *	- there is no dot, or
237      *	- there is at least one dot and there is no trailing dot.
238      */
239     if ((!dots || (dots && !trailing_dot)) && !isMdnsResolution(statp->flags)) {
240         /* Unfortunately we need to load network-specific info
241          * (dns servers, search domains) before
242          * the domain stuff is tried.  Will have a better
243          * fix after thread pools are used as this will
244          * be loaded once for the thread instead of each
245          * time a query is tried.
246          */
247         resolv_populate_res_for_net(statp);
248 
249         for (const auto& domain : statp->search_domains) {
250             if (domain == "." || domain == "") ++root_on_list;
251 
252             ret = res_nquerydomain(statp, name, domain.c_str(), cl, type, answer, herrno);
253             if (ret > 0) return ret;
254 
255             /*
256              * If no server present, give up.
257              * If name isn't found in this domain,
258              * keep trying higher domains in the search list
259              * (if that's enabled).
260              * On a NO_DATA error, keep trying, otherwise
261              * a wildcard entry of another type could keep us
262              * from finding this entry higher in the domain.
263              * If we get some other error (negative answer or
264              * server failure), then stop searching up,
265              * but try the input name below in case it's
266              * fully-qualified.
267              */
268             if (errno == ECONNREFUSED) {
269                 *herrno = TRY_AGAIN;
270                 return -1;
271             }
272 
273             switch (*herrno) {
274                 case NO_DATA:
275                     got_nodata++;
276                     break;
277                 case HOST_NOT_FOUND:
278                     /* keep trying */
279                     break;
280                 case TRY_AGAIN:
281                     if (hp->rcode == SERVFAIL) {
282                         /* try next search element, if any */
283                         got_servfail++;
284                     }
285                     break;
286             }
287         }
288     }
289 
290     // if we have not already tried the name "as is", do that now.
291     // note that we do this regardless of how many dots were in the
292     // name or whether it ends with a dot.
293     if (!tried_as_is && !root_on_list) {
294         ret = res_nquerydomain(statp, name, NULL, cl, type, answer, herrno);
295         if (ret > 0) return ret;
296     }
297 
298     /* if we got here, we didn't satisfy the search.
299      * if we did an initial full query, return that query's H_ERRNO
300      * (note that we wouldn't be here if that query had succeeded).
301      * else if we ever got a nodata, send that back as the reason.
302      * else send back meaningless H_ERRNO, that being the one from
303      * the last DNSRCH we did.
304      */
305     if (saved_herrno != -1)
306         *herrno = saved_herrno;
307     else if (got_nodata)
308         *herrno = NO_DATA;
309     else if (got_servfail)
310         *herrno = TRY_AGAIN;
311     return -1;
312 }
313 
314 /*
315  * Perform a call on res_query on the concatenation of name and domain,
316  * removing a trailing dot from name if domain is NULL.
317  */
res_nquerydomain(ResState * statp,const char * name,const char * domain,int cl,int type,std::span<uint8_t> answer,int * herrno)318 int res_nquerydomain(ResState* statp, const char* name, const char* domain, int cl,
319                      int type,                  /* class and type of query */
320                      std::span<uint8_t> answer, /* buffer to put answer */
321                      int* herrno) /* legacy and extended h_errno NETD_RESOLV_H_ERRNO_EXT_* */
322 {
323     char nbuf[MAXDNAME];
324     const char* longname = nbuf;
325     int n, d;
326 
327     if (domain == NULL) {
328         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": (null, " << cl << ", " << type << ")";
329         /*
330          * Check for trailing '.';
331          * copy without '.' if present.
332          */
333         n = strlen(name);
334         if (n >= MAXDNAME) {
335             *herrno = NO_RECOVERY;
336             return -1;
337         }
338         n--;
339         if (n >= 0 && name[n] == '.') {
340             strncpy(nbuf, name, (size_t) n);
341             nbuf[n] = '\0';
342         } else
343             longname = name;
344     } else {
345         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": (" << cl << ", " << type << ")";
346         n = strlen(name);
347         d = strlen(domain);
348         if (n + d + 1 >= MAXDNAME) {
349             *herrno = NO_RECOVERY;
350             return -1;
351         }
352         snprintf(nbuf, sizeof(nbuf), "%s.%s", name, domain);
353     }
354     return res_nquery(statp, longname, cl, type, answer, herrno);
355 }
356