1 /*
2  * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  */
16 
17 #define TRACE_TAG ADB
18 
19 #include "sysdeps.h"
20 
21 #include <errno.h>
22 #include <getopt.h>
23 #include <malloc.h>
24 #include <signal.h>
25 #include <stdio.h>
26 #include <stdlib.h>
27 #include <sys/capability.h>
28 #include <sys/prctl.h>
29 
30 #include <memory>
31 #include <vector>
32 
33 #include <android-base/logging.h>
34 #include <android-base/macros.h>
35 #include <android-base/properties.h>
36 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
37 #include <android-base/strings.h>
38 
39 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
40 #include <libminijail.h>
41 #include <log/log_properties.h>
42 #include <scoped_minijail.h>
43 
44 #include <private/android_filesystem_config.h>
45 #include "selinux/android.h"
46 #endif
47 
48 #include "adb.h"
49 #include "adb_auth.h"
50 #include "adb_listeners.h"
51 #include "adb_utils.h"
52 #include "adb_wifi.h"
53 #include "socket_spec.h"
54 #include "transport.h"
55 
56 #include "daemon/jdwp_service.h"
57 #include "daemon/mdns.h"
58 #include "daemon/watchdog.h"
59 
60 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
61 static const char* root_seclabel = nullptr;
62 
should_drop_privileges()63 static bool should_drop_privileges() {
64     // The properties that affect `adb root` and `adb unroot` are ro.secure and
65     // ro.debuggable. In this context the names don't make the expected behavior
66     // particularly obvious.
67     //
68     // ro.debuggable:
69     //   Allowed to become root, but not necessarily the default. Set to 1 on
70     //   eng and userdebug builds.
71     //
72     // ro.secure:
73     //   Drop privileges by default. Set to 1 on userdebug and user builds.
74     bool ro_secure = android::base::GetBoolProperty("ro.secure", true);
75     bool ro_debuggable = __android_log_is_debuggable();
76 
77     // Drop privileges if ro.secure is set...
78     bool drop = ro_secure;
79 
80     // ... except "adb root" lets you keep privileges in a debuggable build.
81     std::string prop = android::base::GetProperty("service.adb.root", "");
82     bool adb_root = (prop == "1");
83     bool adb_unroot = (prop == "0");
84     if (ro_debuggable && adb_root) {
85         drop = false;
86     }
87     // ... and "adb unroot" lets you explicitly drop privileges.
88     if (adb_unroot) {
89         drop = true;
90     }
91 
92     return drop;
93 }
94 
drop_privileges(int server_port)95 static void drop_privileges(int server_port) {
96     ScopedMinijail jail(minijail_new());
97 
98     // Add extra groups:
99     // AID_ADB to access the USB driver
100     // AID_LOG to read system logs (adb logcat)
101     // AID_INPUT to diagnose input issues (getevent)
102     // AID_INET to diagnose network issues (ping)
103     // AID_NET_BT and AID_NET_BT_ADMIN to diagnose bluetooth (hcidump)
104     // AID_SDCARD_R to allow reading from the SD card
105     // AID_SDCARD_RW to allow writing to the SD card
106     // AID_NET_BW_STATS to read out qtaguid statistics
107     // AID_READPROC for reading /proc entries across UID boundaries
108     // AID_UHID for using 'hid' command to read/write to /dev/uhid
109     // AID_EXT_DATA_RW for writing to /sdcard/Android/data (devices without sdcardfs)
110     // AID_EXT_OBB_RW for writing to /sdcard/Android/obb (devices without sdcardfs)
111     // AID_READTRACEFS for reading tracefs entries
112     gid_t groups[] = {AID_ADB,          AID_LOG,          AID_INPUT,    AID_INET,
113                       AID_NET_BT,       AID_NET_BT_ADMIN, AID_SDCARD_R, AID_SDCARD_RW,
114                       AID_NET_BW_STATS, AID_READPROC,     AID_UHID,     AID_EXT_DATA_RW,
115                       AID_EXT_OBB_RW,   AID_READTRACEFS};
116     minijail_set_supplementary_gids(jail.get(), arraysize(groups), groups);
117 
118     // Don't listen on a port (default 5037) if running in secure mode.
119     // Don't run as root if running in secure mode.
120     if (should_drop_privileges()) {
121         const bool should_drop_caps = !__android_log_is_debuggable();
122 
123         if (should_drop_caps) {
124             // CAP_SETUI and CAP_SETGID are required for change_uid and change_gid calls below.
125             // CAP_SYS_NICE needs to be in the bounding set of adbd for sh spawned from `adb shell`
126             // to also have it in the bounding set. This in turn is required to be able to launch
127             // VMs from shell (e.g. adb shell /apex/com.android.virt/bin/vm run-microdroid).
128             // Full fork+execve chain looks like this:
129             //   adbd (CapBnd: CAP_SYS_NICE) -> /system/bin/sh (CapBnd: CAP_SYS_NICE) ->
130             //   /apex/com.android.virt/bin/vm (CapBnd: CAP_SYS_NICE) ->
131             //   virtmngr (CapBnd: CAP_SYS_NICE) -> crosvm (CapEff: CAP_SYS_NICE).
132             // Note: the adbd will drop it's effective capabilities several lines below, while the
133             // /system/bin/sh process spawned from adbd will run as non-root uid, hence won't be
134             // able to use the CAP_SYS_NICE capability in the first place.
135             minijail_use_caps(jail.get(), CAP_TO_MASK(CAP_SETUID) | CAP_TO_MASK(CAP_SETGID) |
136                                                   CAP_TO_MASK(CAP_SYS_NICE));
137         }
138 
139         minijail_change_gid(jail.get(), AID_SHELL);
140         minijail_change_uid(jail.get(), AID_SHELL);
141         // minijail_enter() will abort if any priv-dropping step fails.
142         minijail_enter(jail.get());
143 
144         // Whenever ambient capabilities are being used, minijail cannot
145         // simultaneously drop the bounding capability set to just
146         // CAP_SETUID|CAP_SETGID while clearing the inheritable, effective,
147         // and permitted sets. So we need to do that in two steps.
148         using ScopedCaps =
149             std::unique_ptr<std::remove_pointer<cap_t>::type, std::function<void(cap_t)>>;
150         ScopedCaps caps(cap_get_proc(), &cap_free);
151         if (cap_clear_flag(caps.get(), CAP_INHERITABLE) == -1) {
152             PLOG(FATAL) << "cap_clear_flag(INHERITABLE) failed";
153         }
154         if (cap_clear_flag(caps.get(), CAP_EFFECTIVE) == -1) {
155             PLOG(FATAL) << "cap_clear_flag(EFFECTIVE) failed";
156         }
157         if (cap_clear_flag(caps.get(), CAP_PERMITTED) == -1) {
158             PLOG(FATAL) << "cap_clear_flag(PEMITTED) failed";
159         }
160         if (cap_set_proc(caps.get()) != 0) {
161             PLOG(FATAL) << "cap_set_proc() failed";
162         }
163 
164         D("Local port disabled");
165     } else {
166         // minijail_enter() will abort if any priv-dropping step fails.
167         minijail_enter(jail.get());
168 
169         if (root_seclabel != nullptr) {
170             if (selinux_android_setcon(root_seclabel) < 0) {
171                 // If we failed to become root, don't try again to avoid a
172                 // restart loop.
173                 android::base::SetProperty("service.adb.root", "0");
174                 LOG(FATAL) << "Could not set SELinux context";
175             }
176         }
177     }
178 }
179 #endif
180 
setup_adb(const std::vector<std::string> & addrs)181 static void setup_adb(const std::vector<std::string>& addrs) {
182 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
183     // Get the first valid port from addrs and setup mDNS.
184     int port = -1;
185     std::string error;
186     for (const auto& addr : addrs) {
187         port = get_host_socket_spec_port(addr, &error);
188         if (port != -1) {
189             break;
190         }
191     }
192     if (port == -1) {
193         port = DEFAULT_ADB_LOCAL_TRANSPORT_PORT;
194     }
195     LOG(INFO) << "Setup mdns on port= " << port;
196     setup_mdns(port);
197 #endif
198     for (const auto& addr : addrs) {
199         LOG(INFO) << "adbd listening on " << addr;
200         local_init(addr);
201     }
202 }
203 
adbd_main(int server_port)204 int adbd_main(int server_port) {
205     umask(0);
206 
207     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
208 
209     // We need to call this even if auth isn't enabled because the file
210     // descriptor will always be open.
211     adbd_cloexec_auth_socket();
212 
213 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
214     bool device_unlocked = android::base::GetProperty("ro.boot.verifiedbootstate", "") == "orange";
215     if (device_unlocked || __android_log_is_debuggable()) {
216 #if defined(__ANDROID_RECOVERY__)
217         auth_required = false;  // Bypass authorization when the device transitions to
218         // fastbootd (from recovery). A corrupt userdata image can potentially
219         // result in the device falling into rescue, and a subsequent fastboot
220         // state should not require authorization - otherwise, it will force the
221         // need for manual intervention(b/188703874).
222 #else
223         // If we're on userdebug/eng or the device is unlocked, permit no-authentication.
224         auth_required = android::base::GetBoolProperty("ro.adb.secure", false);
225 #endif
226     }
227 #endif
228 
229     // Our external storage path may be different than apps, since
230     // we aren't able to bind mount after dropping root.
231     const char* adb_external_storage = getenv("ADB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE");
232     if (adb_external_storage != nullptr) {
233         setenv("EXTERNAL_STORAGE", adb_external_storage, 1);
234     } else {
235         D("Warning: ADB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE is not set.  Leaving EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
236           " unchanged.\n");
237     }
238 
239 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
240     drop_privileges(server_port);
241 #endif
242 
243 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
244     // A thread gets spawned as a side-effect of initializing the watchdog, so it needs to happen
245     // after we drop privileges.
246     watchdog::Initialize();
247 #endif
248 
249     // adbd_auth_init will spawn a thread, so we need to defer it until after selinux transitions.
250     adbd_auth_init();
251 
252     bool is_usb = false;
253 
254 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
255     if (access(USB_FFS_ADB_EP0, F_OK) == 0) {
256         // Listen on USB.
257         usb_init();
258         is_usb = true;
259     }
260 #endif
261 
262     // If one of these properties is set, also listen on that port.
263     // If one of the properties isn't set and we couldn't listen on usb, listen
264     // on the default port.
265     std::vector<std::string> addrs;
266     std::string prop_addr = android::base::GetProperty("service.adb.listen_addrs", "");
267     if (prop_addr.empty()) {
268         std::string prop_port = android::base::GetProperty("service.adb.tcp.port", "");
269         if (prop_port.empty()) {
270             prop_port = android::base::GetProperty("persist.adb.tcp.port", "");
271         }
272 
273 #if !defined(__ANDROID__)
274         if (prop_port.empty() && getenv("ADBD_PORT")) {
275             prop_port = getenv("ADBD_PORT");
276         }
277 #endif
278 
279         int port;
280         if (sscanf(prop_port.c_str(), "%d", &port) == 1 && port > 0) {
281             D("using tcp port=%d", port);
282             // Listen on TCP and VSOCK port specified by service.adb.tcp.port property.
283             addrs.push_back(android::base::StringPrintf("tcp:%d", port));
284             addrs.push_back(android::base::StringPrintf("vsock:%d", port));
285             setup_adb(addrs);
286         } else if (!is_usb) {
287             // Listen on default port.
288             addrs.push_back(
289                     android::base::StringPrintf("tcp:%d", DEFAULT_ADB_LOCAL_TRANSPORT_PORT));
290             addrs.push_back(
291                     android::base::StringPrintf("vsock:%d", DEFAULT_ADB_LOCAL_TRANSPORT_PORT));
292             setup_adb(addrs);
293         }
294     } else {
295         addrs = android::base::Split(prop_addr, ",");
296         setup_adb(addrs);
297     }
298 
299     LOG(INFO) << "adbd started";
300 
301     D("adbd_main(): pre init_jdwp()");
302     init_jdwp();
303     D("adbd_main(): post init_jdwp()");
304 
305     D("Event loop starting");
306     fdevent_loop();
307 
308     return 0;
309 }
310 
main(int argc,char ** argv)311 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
312 #if defined(__BIONIC__)
313     // Set M_DECAY_TIME so that our allocations aren't immediately purged on free.
314     mallopt(M_DECAY_TIME, 1);
315 #endif
316 
317     while (true) {
318         static struct option opts[] = {
319                 {"root_seclabel", required_argument, nullptr, 's'},
320                 {"device_banner", required_argument, nullptr, 'b'},
321                 {"version", no_argument, nullptr, 'v'},
322                 {"logpostfsdata", no_argument, nullptr, 'l'},
323                 {nullptr, no_argument, nullptr, 0},
324         };
325 
326         int option_index = 0;
327         int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", opts, &option_index);
328         if (c == -1) {
329             break;
330         }
331 
332         switch (c) {
333 #if defined(__ANDROID__)
334             case 's':
335                 root_seclabel = optarg;
336                 break;
337 #endif
338             case 'b':
339                 adb_device_banner = optarg;
340                 break;
341             case 'v':
342                 printf("Android Debug Bridge Daemon version %d.%d.%d\n", ADB_VERSION_MAJOR,
343                        ADB_VERSION_MINOR, ADB_SERVER_VERSION);
344                 return 0;
345             case 'l':
346                 LOG(ERROR) << "post-fs-data triggered";
347                 return 0;
348             default:
349                 // getopt already prints "adbd: invalid option -- %c" for us.
350                 return 1;
351         }
352     }
353 
354     close_stdin();
355 
356     adb_trace_init(argv);
357 
358     D("Handling main()");
359     return adbd_main(DEFAULT_ADB_PORT);
360 }
361