1page.title=Output streams and cropping 2@jd:body 3 4<!-- 5 Copyright 2013 The Android Open Source Project 6 7 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 8 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. 9 You may obtain a copy of the License at 10 11 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 12 13 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 14 distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 15 WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 16 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 17 limitations under the License. 18--> 19<div id="qv-wrapper"> 20 <div id="qv"> 21 <h2>In this document</h2> 22 <ol id="auto-toc"> 23 </ol> 24 </div> 25</div> 26 27<h2 id="output-stream">Output streams</h2> 28<p> Unlike the old camera subsystem, which has 3-4 different ways of producing data 29 from the camera (ANativeWindow-based preview operations, preview callbacks, 30 video callbacks, and takePicture callbacks), the new subsystem operates solely 31 on the ANativeWindow-based pipeline for all resolutions and output formats. 32 Multiple such streams can be configured at once, to send a single frame to many 33 targets such as the GPU, the video encoder, RenderScript, or app-visible buffers 34 (RAW Bayer, processed YUV buffers, or JPEG-encoded buffers).</p> 35<p>As an optimization, these output streams must be configured ahead of time, and 36 only a limited number may exist at once. This allows for pre-allocation of 37 memory buffers and configuration of the camera hardware, so that when requests 38 are submitted with multiple or varying output pipelines listed, there won't be 39 delays or latency in fulfilling the request.</p> 40<p>To support backwards compatibility with the current camera API, at least 3 41 simultaneous YUV output streams must be supported, plus one JPEG stream. This is 42 required for video snapshot support with the application also receiving YUV 43 buffers:</p> 44<ul> 45 <li>One stream to the GPU/SurfaceView (opaque YUV format) for preview</li> 46 <li>One stream to the video encoder (opaque YUV format) for recording</li> 47 <li>One stream to the application (known YUV format) for preview frame callbacks</li> 48 <li>One stream to the application (JPEG) for video snapshots.</li> 49</ul> 50<p>The exact requirements are still being defined since the corresponding API 51isn't yet finalized.</p> 52<h2>Cropping</h2> 53<p>Cropping of the full pixel array (for digital zoom and other use cases where a 54 smaller FOV is desirable) is communicated through the ANDROID_SCALER_CROP_REGION 55 setting. This is a per-request setting, and can change on a per-request basis, 56 which is critical for implementing smooth digital zoom.</p> 57<p>The region is defined as a rectangle (x, y, width, height), with (x, y) 58 describing the top-left corner of the rectangle. The rectangle is defined on the 59 coordinate system of the sensor active pixel array, with (0,0) being the 60 top-left pixel of the active pixel array. Therefore, the width and height cannot 61 be larger than the dimensions reported in the ANDROID_SENSOR_ACTIVE_PIXEL_ARRAY 62 static info field. The minimum allowed width and height are reported by the HAL 63 through the ANDROID_SCALER_MAX_DIGITAL_ZOOM static info field, which describes 64 the maximum supported zoom factor. Therefore, the minimum crop region width and 65 height are:</p> 66<pre> 67 {width, height} = 68 { floor(ANDROID_SENSOR_ACTIVE_PIXEL_ARRAY[0] / 69 ANDROID_SCALER_MAX_DIGITAL_ZOOM), 70 floor(ANDROID_SENSOR_ACTIVE_PIXEL_ARRAY[1] / 71 ANDROID_SCALER_MAX_DIGITAL_ZOOM) } 72 </pre> 73<p>If the crop region needs to fulfill specific requirements (for example, it needs 74 to start on even coordinates, and its width/height needs to be even), the HAL 75 must do the necessary rounding and write out the final crop region used in the 76 output result metadata. Similarly, if the HAL implements video stabilization, it 77 must adjust the result crop region to describe the region actually included in 78 the output after video stabilization is applied. In general, a camera-using 79 application must be able to determine the field of view it is receiving based on 80 the crop region, the dimensions of the image sensor, and the lens focal length.</p> 81<p>Since the crop region applies to all streams, which may have different aspect 82 ratios than the crop region, the exact sensor region used for each stream may be 83 smaller than the crop region. Specifically, each stream should maintain square 84 pixels and its aspect ratio by minimally further cropping the defined crop 85 region. If the stream's aspect ratio is wider than the crop region, the stream 86 should be further cropped vertically, and if the stream's aspect ratio is 87 narrower than the crop region, the stream should be further cropped 88 horizontally.</p> 89<p>In all cases, the stream crop must be centered within the full crop region, and 90 each stream is only either cropped horizontally or vertical relative to the full 91 crop region, never both.</p> 92<p>For example, if two streams are defined, a 640x480 stream (4:3 aspect), and a 93 1280x720 stream (16:9 aspect), below demonstrates the expected output regions 94 for each stream for a few sample crop regions, on a hypothetical 3 MP (2000 x 95 1500 pixel array) sensor.</p> 96</p> 97 Crop region: (500, 375, 1000, 750) (4:3 aspect ratio)<br/> 98 640x480 stream crop: (500, 375, 1000, 750) (equal to crop region)<br/> 99 1280x720 stream crop: (500, 469, 1000, 562) 100</p> 101 <img src="images/crop-region-43-ratio.png" alt="crop-region-43-ratio" id="figure1" /> 102<p class="img-caption"> 103 <strong>Figure 1.</strong> 4:3 aspect ratio 104</p> 105<p>Crop region: (500, 375, 1333, 750) (16:9 aspect ratio)<br/> 106 640x480 stream crop: (666, 375, 1000, 750)<br/> 107 1280x720 stream crop: (500, 375, 1333, 750) (equal to crop region) 108</p> 109 <img src="images/crop-region-169-ratio.png" alt="crop-region-169-ratio" id="figure2" /> 110<p class="img-caption"> 111 <strong>Figure 2.</strong> 16:9 aspect ratio 112</p> 113<p>Crop region: (500, 375, 750, 750) (1:1 aspect ratio)<br/> 114 640x480 stream crop: (500, 469, 750, 562)<br/> 115 1280x720 stream crop: (500, 543, 750, 414) 116</p> 117 <img src="images/crop-region-11-ratio.png" alt="crop-region-11-ratio" id="figure3" /> 118<p class="img-caption"> 119 <strong>Figure 3.</strong> 1:1 aspect ratio 120</p> 121<p> 122 And a final example, a 1024x1024 square aspect ratio stream instead of the 480p 123 stream:<br/> 124 Crop region: (500, 375, 1000, 750) (4:3 aspect ratio)<br/> 125 1024x1024 stream crop: (625, 375, 750, 750)<br/> 126 1280x720 stream crop: (500, 469, 1000, 562) 127</p> 128 <img src="images/crop-region-43-square-ratio.png" alt="crop-region-43-square-ratio" id="figure4" /> 129<p class="img-caption"> 130 <strong>Figure 4.</strong> 4:3 aspect ratio, square 131</p> 132<h2 id="reprocessing">Reprocessing</h2> 133<p> Additional support for raw image files is provided by reprocessing support for RAW Bayer 134 data. This support allows the camera pipeline to process a previously captured 135 RAW buffer and metadata (an entire frame that was recorded previously), to 136 produce a new rendered YUV or JPEG output.</p> 137
