1 // This file is part of Eigen, a lightweight C++ template library
2 // for linear algebra.
3 //
4 // Copyright (C) 2009 Gael Guennebaud <gael.guennebaud@inria.fr>
5 //
6 // This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla
7 // Public License v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed
8 // with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
9 
10 #ifndef EIGEN_NOALIAS_H
11 #define EIGEN_NOALIAS_H
12 
13 namespace Eigen {
14 
15 /** \class NoAlias
16   * \ingroup Core_Module
17   *
18   * \brief Pseudo expression providing an operator = assuming no aliasing
19   *
20   * \param ExpressionType the type of the object on which to do the lazy assignment
21   *
22   * This class represents an expression with special assignment operators
23   * assuming no aliasing between the target expression and the source expression.
24   * More precisely it alloas to bypass the EvalBeforeAssignBit flag of the source expression.
25   * It is the return type of MatrixBase::noalias()
26   * and most of the time this is the only way it is used.
27   *
28   * \sa MatrixBase::noalias()
29   */
30 template<typename ExpressionType, template <typename> class StorageBase>
31 class NoAlias
32 {
33     typedef typename ExpressionType::Scalar Scalar;
34   public:
NoAlias(ExpressionType & expression)35     NoAlias(ExpressionType& expression) : m_expression(expression) {}
36 
37     /** Behaves like MatrixBase::lazyAssign(other)
38       * \sa MatrixBase::lazyAssign() */
39     template<typename OtherDerived>
40     EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE ExpressionType& operator=(const StorageBase<OtherDerived>& other)
41     { return internal::assign_selector<ExpressionType,OtherDerived,false>::run(m_expression,other.derived()); }
42 
43     /** \sa MatrixBase::operator+= */
44     template<typename OtherDerived>
45     EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE ExpressionType& operator+=(const StorageBase<OtherDerived>& other)
46     {
47       typedef SelfCwiseBinaryOp<internal::scalar_sum_op<Scalar>, ExpressionType, OtherDerived> SelfAdder;
48       SelfAdder tmp(m_expression);
49       typedef typename internal::nested<OtherDerived>::type OtherDerivedNested;
50       typedef typename internal::remove_all<OtherDerivedNested>::type _OtherDerivedNested;
51       internal::assign_selector<SelfAdder,_OtherDerivedNested,false>::run(tmp,OtherDerivedNested(other.derived()));
52       return m_expression;
53     }
54 
55     /** \sa MatrixBase::operator-= */
56     template<typename OtherDerived>
57     EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE ExpressionType& operator-=(const StorageBase<OtherDerived>& other)
58     {
59       typedef SelfCwiseBinaryOp<internal::scalar_difference_op<Scalar>, ExpressionType, OtherDerived> SelfAdder;
60       SelfAdder tmp(m_expression);
61       typedef typename internal::nested<OtherDerived>::type OtherDerivedNested;
62       typedef typename internal::remove_all<OtherDerivedNested>::type _OtherDerivedNested;
63       internal::assign_selector<SelfAdder,_OtherDerivedNested,false>::run(tmp,OtherDerivedNested(other.derived()));
64       return m_expression;
65     }
66 
67 #ifndef EIGEN_PARSED_BY_DOXYGEN
68     template<typename ProductDerived, typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
69     EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE ExpressionType& operator+=(const ProductBase<ProductDerived, Lhs,Rhs>& other)
70     { other.derived().addTo(m_expression); return m_expression; }
71 
72     template<typename ProductDerived, typename Lhs, typename Rhs>
73     EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE ExpressionType& operator-=(const ProductBase<ProductDerived, Lhs,Rhs>& other)
74     { other.derived().subTo(m_expression); return m_expression; }
75 
76     template<typename Lhs, typename Rhs, int NestingFlags>
77     EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE ExpressionType& operator+=(const CoeffBasedProduct<Lhs,Rhs,NestingFlags>& other)
78     { return m_expression.derived() += CoeffBasedProduct<Lhs,Rhs,NestByRefBit>(other.lhs(), other.rhs()); }
79 
80     template<typename Lhs, typename Rhs, int NestingFlags>
81     EIGEN_STRONG_INLINE ExpressionType& operator-=(const CoeffBasedProduct<Lhs,Rhs,NestingFlags>& other)
82     { return m_expression.derived() -= CoeffBasedProduct<Lhs,Rhs,NestByRefBit>(other.lhs(), other.rhs()); }
83 
84     template<typename OtherDerived>
85     ExpressionType& operator=(const ReturnByValue<OtherDerived>& func)
86     { return m_expression = func; }
87 #endif
88 
expression()89     ExpressionType& expression() const
90     {
91       return m_expression;
92     }
93 
94   protected:
95     ExpressionType& m_expression;
96 };
97 
98 /** \returns a pseudo expression of \c *this with an operator= assuming
99   * no aliasing between \c *this and the source expression.
100   *
101   * More precisely, noalias() allows to bypass the EvalBeforeAssignBit flag.
102   * Currently, even though several expressions may alias, only product
103   * expressions have this flag. Therefore, noalias() is only usefull when
104   * the source expression contains a matrix product.
105   *
106   * Here are some examples where noalias is usefull:
107   * \code
108   * D.noalias()  = A * B;
109   * D.noalias() += A.transpose() * B;
110   * D.noalias() -= 2 * A * B.adjoint();
111   * \endcode
112   *
113   * On the other hand the following example will lead to a \b wrong result:
114   * \code
115   * A.noalias() = A * B;
116   * \endcode
117   * because the result matrix A is also an operand of the matrix product. Therefore,
118   * there is no alternative than evaluating A * B in a temporary, that is the default
119   * behavior when you write:
120   * \code
121   * A = A * B;
122   * \endcode
123   *
124   * \sa class NoAlias
125   */
126 template<typename Derived>
noalias()127 NoAlias<Derived,MatrixBase> MatrixBase<Derived>::noalias()
128 {
129   return derived();
130 }
131 
132 } // end namespace Eigen
133 
134 #endif // EIGEN_NOALIAS_H
135