1 /*
2  * Copyright © 2013  Google, Inc.
3  *
4  *  This is part of HarfBuzz, a text shaping library.
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, without written agreement and without
7  * license or royalty fees, to use, copy, modify, and distribute this
8  * software and its documentation for any purpose, provided that the
9  * above copyright notice and the following two paragraphs appear in
10  * all copies of this software.
11  *
12  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR
13  * DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
14  * ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN
15  * IF THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
16  * DAMAGE.
17  *
18  * THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
19  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
20  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS
21  * ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER HAS NO OBLIGATION TO
22  * PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS.
23  *
24  * Google Author(s): Behdad Esfahbod
25  */
26 
27 #include "hb-ot-shape-complex-private.hh"
28 
29 
30 /* Hangul shaper */
31 
32 
33 /* Same order as the feature array below */
34 enum {
35   NONE,
36 
37   LJMO,
38   VJMO,
39   TJMO,
40 
41   FIRST_HANGUL_FEATURE = LJMO,
42   HANGUL_FEATURE_COUNT = TJMO + 1
43 };
44 
45 static const hb_tag_t hangul_features[HANGUL_FEATURE_COUNT] =
46 {
47   HB_TAG_NONE,
48   HB_TAG('l','j','m','o'),
49   HB_TAG('v','j','m','o'),
50   HB_TAG('t','j','m','o')
51 };
52 
53 static void
collect_features_hangul(hb_ot_shape_planner_t * plan)54 collect_features_hangul (hb_ot_shape_planner_t *plan)
55 {
56   hb_ot_map_builder_t *map = &plan->map;
57 
58   for (unsigned int i = FIRST_HANGUL_FEATURE; i < HANGUL_FEATURE_COUNT; i++)
59     map->add_feature (hangul_features[i], 1, F_NONE);
60 }
61 
62 static void
override_features_hangul(hb_ot_shape_planner_t * plan)63 override_features_hangul (hb_ot_shape_planner_t *plan)
64 {
65   /* Uniscribe does not apply 'calt' for Hangul, and certain fonts
66    * (Noto Sans CJK, Source Sans Han, etc) apply all of jamo lookups
67    * in calt, which is not desirable. */
68   plan->map.add_feature (HB_TAG('c','a','l','t'), 0, F_GLOBAL);
69 }
70 
71 struct hangul_shape_plan_t
72 {
73   ASSERT_POD ();
74 
75   hb_mask_t mask_array[HANGUL_FEATURE_COUNT];
76 };
77 
78 static void *
data_create_hangul(const hb_ot_shape_plan_t * plan)79 data_create_hangul (const hb_ot_shape_plan_t *plan)
80 {
81   hangul_shape_plan_t *hangul_plan = (hangul_shape_plan_t *) calloc (1, sizeof (hangul_shape_plan_t));
82   if (unlikely (!hangul_plan))
83     return NULL;
84 
85   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < HANGUL_FEATURE_COUNT; i++)
86     hangul_plan->mask_array[i] = plan->map.get_1_mask (hangul_features[i]);
87 
88   return hangul_plan;
89 }
90 
91 static void
data_destroy_hangul(void * data)92 data_destroy_hangul (void *data)
93 {
94   free (data);
95 }
96 
97 /* Constants for algorithmic hangul syllable [de]composition. */
98 #define LBase 0x1100u
99 #define VBase 0x1161u
100 #define TBase 0x11A7u
101 #define LCount 19u
102 #define VCount 21u
103 #define TCount 28u
104 #define SBase 0xAC00u
105 #define NCount (VCount * TCount)
106 #define SCount (LCount * NCount)
107 
108 #define isCombiningL(u) (hb_in_range ((u), LBase, LBase+LCount-1))
109 #define isCombiningV(u) (hb_in_range ((u), VBase, VBase+VCount-1))
110 #define isCombiningT(u) (hb_in_range ((u), TBase+1, TBase+TCount-1))
111 #define isCombinedS(u) (hb_in_range ((u), SBase, SBase+SCount-1))
112 
113 #define isL(u) (hb_in_ranges ((u), 0x1100u, 0x115Fu, 0xA960u, 0xA97Cu))
114 #define isV(u) (hb_in_ranges ((u), 0x1160u, 0x11A7u, 0xD7B0u, 0xD7C6u))
115 #define isT(u) (hb_in_ranges ((u), 0x11A8u, 0x11FFu, 0xD7CBu, 0xD7FBu))
116 
117 #define isHangulTone(u) (hb_in_range ((u), 0x302Eu, 0x302Fu))
118 
119 /* buffer var allocations */
120 #define hangul_shaping_feature() complex_var_u8_0() /* hangul jamo shaping feature */
121 
122 static bool
is_zero_width_char(hb_font_t * font,hb_codepoint_t unicode)123 is_zero_width_char (hb_font_t *font,
124 		    hb_codepoint_t unicode)
125 {
126   hb_codepoint_t glyph;
127   return hb_font_get_glyph (font, unicode, 0, &glyph) && hb_font_get_glyph_h_advance (font, glyph) == 0;
128 }
129 
130 static void
preprocess_text_hangul(const hb_ot_shape_plan_t * plan,hb_buffer_t * buffer,hb_font_t * font)131 preprocess_text_hangul (const hb_ot_shape_plan_t *plan,
132 			hb_buffer_t              *buffer,
133 			hb_font_t                *font)
134 {
135   HB_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_VAR (buffer, hangul_shaping_feature);
136 
137   /* Hangul syllables come in two shapes: LV, and LVT.  Of those:
138    *
139    *   - LV can be precomposed, or decomposed.  Lets call those
140    *     <LV> and <L,V>,
141    *   - LVT can be fully precomposed, partically precomposed, or
142    *     fully decomposed.  Ie. <LVT>, <LV,T>, or <L,V,T>.
143    *
144    * The composition / decomposition is mechanical.  However, not
145    * all <L,V> sequences compose, and not all <LV,T> sequences
146    * compose.
147    *
148    * Here are the specifics:
149    *
150    *   - <L>: U+1100..115F, U+A960..A97F
151    *   - <V>: U+1160..11A7, U+D7B0..D7C7
152    *   - <T>: U+11A8..11FF, U+D7CB..D7FB
153    *
154    *   - Only the <L,V> sequences for the 11xx ranges combine.
155    *   - Only <LV,T> sequences for T in U+11A8..11C3 combine.
156    *
157    * Here is what we want to accomplish in this shaper:
158    *
159    *   - If the whole syllable can be precomposed, do that,
160    *   - Otherwise, fully decompose and apply ljmo/vjmo/tjmo features.
161    *   - If a valid syllable is followed by a Hangul tone mark, reorder the tone
162    *     mark to precede the whole syllable - unless it is a zero-width glyph, in
163    *     which case we leave it untouched, assuming it's designed to overstrike.
164    *
165    * That is, of the different possible syllables:
166    *
167    *   <L>
168    *   <L,V>
169    *   <L,V,T>
170    *   <LV>
171    *   <LVT>
172    *   <LV, T>
173    *
174    * - <L> needs no work.
175    *
176    * - <LV> and <LVT> can stay the way they are if the font supports them, otherwise we
177    *   should fully decompose them if font supports.
178    *
179    * - <L,V> and <L,V,T> we should compose if the whole thing can be composed.
180    *
181    * - <LV,T> we should compose if the whole thing can be composed, otherwise we should
182    *   decompose.
183    */
184 
185   buffer->clear_output ();
186   unsigned int start = 0, end = 0; /* Extent of most recently seen syllable;
187 				    * valid only if start < end
188 				    */
189   unsigned int count = buffer->len;
190 
191   for (buffer->idx = 0; buffer->idx < count;)
192   {
193     hb_codepoint_t u = buffer->cur().codepoint;
194 
195     if (isHangulTone (u))
196     {
197       /*
198        * We could cache the width of the tone marks and the existence of dotted-circle,
199        * but the use of the Hangul tone mark characters seems to be rare enough that
200        * I didn't bother for now.
201        */
202       if (start < end && end == buffer->out_len)
203       {
204 	/* Tone mark follows a valid syllable; move it in front, unless it's zero width. */
205 	buffer->next_glyph ();
206 	if (!is_zero_width_char (font, u))
207 	{
208 	  hb_glyph_info_t *info = buffer->out_info;
209 	  hb_glyph_info_t tone = info[end];
210 	  memmove (&info[start + 1], &info[start], (end - start) * sizeof (hb_glyph_info_t));
211 	  info[start] = tone;
212 	}
213 	/* Merge clusters across the (possibly reordered) syllable+tone.
214 	 * We want to merge even in the zero-width tone mark case here,
215 	 * so that clustering behavior isn't dependent on how the tone mark
216 	 * is handled by the font.
217 	 */
218 	buffer->merge_out_clusters (start, end + 1);
219       }
220       else
221       {
222 	/* No valid syllable as base for tone mark; try to insert dotted circle. */
223 	if (font->has_glyph (0x25CCu))
224 	{
225 	  hb_codepoint_t chars[2];
226 	  if (!is_zero_width_char (font, u)) {
227 	    chars[0] = u;
228 	    chars[1] = 0x25CCu;
229 	  } else {
230 	    chars[0] = 0x25CCu;
231 	    chars[1] = u;
232 	  }
233 	  buffer->replace_glyphs (1, 2, chars);
234 	}
235 	else
236 	{
237 	  /* No dotted circle available in the font; just leave tone mark untouched. */
238 	  buffer->next_glyph ();
239 	}
240       }
241       start = end = buffer->out_len;
242       continue;
243     }
244 
245     start = buffer->out_len; /* Remember current position as a potential syllable start;
246 			      * will only be used if we set end to a later position.
247 			      */
248 
249     if (isL (u) && buffer->idx + 1 < count)
250     {
251       hb_codepoint_t l = u;
252       hb_codepoint_t v = buffer->cur(+1).codepoint;
253       if (isV (v))
254       {
255 	/* Have <L,V> or <L,V,T>. */
256 	hb_codepoint_t t = 0;
257 	unsigned int tindex = 0;
258 	if (buffer->idx + 2 < count)
259 	{
260 	  t = buffer->cur(+2).codepoint;
261 	  if (isT (t))
262 	    tindex = t - TBase; /* Only used if isCombiningT (t); otherwise invalid. */
263 	  else
264 	    t = 0; /* The next character was not a trailing jamo. */
265 	}
266 
267 	/* We've got a syllable <L,V,T?>; see if it can potentially be composed. */
268 	if (isCombiningL (l) && isCombiningV (v) && (t == 0 || isCombiningT (t)))
269 	{
270 	  /* Try to compose; if this succeeds, end is set to start+1. */
271 	  hb_codepoint_t s = SBase + (l - LBase) * NCount + (v - VBase) * TCount + tindex;
272 	  if (font->has_glyph (s))
273 	  {
274 	    buffer->replace_glyphs (t ? 3 : 2, 1, &s);
275 	    if (unlikely (buffer->in_error))
276 	      return;
277 	    end = start + 1;
278 	    continue;
279 	  }
280 	}
281 
282 	/* We didn't compose, either because it's an Old Hangul syllable without a
283 	 * precomposed character in Unicode, or because the font didn't support the
284 	 * necessary precomposed glyph.
285 	 * Set jamo features on the individual glyphs, and advance past them.
286 	 */
287 	buffer->cur().hangul_shaping_feature() = LJMO;
288 	buffer->next_glyph ();
289 	buffer->cur().hangul_shaping_feature() = VJMO;
290 	buffer->next_glyph ();
291 	if (t)
292 	{
293 	  buffer->cur().hangul_shaping_feature() = TJMO;
294 	  buffer->next_glyph ();
295 	  end = start + 3;
296 	}
297 	else
298 	  end = start + 2;
299 	buffer->merge_out_clusters (start, end);
300 	continue;
301       }
302     }
303 
304     else if (isCombinedS (u))
305     {
306       /* Have <LV>, <LVT>, or <LV,T> */
307       hb_codepoint_t s = u;
308       bool has_glyph = font->has_glyph (s);
309       unsigned int lindex = (s - SBase) / NCount;
310       unsigned int nindex = (s - SBase) % NCount;
311       unsigned int vindex = nindex / TCount;
312       unsigned int tindex = nindex % TCount;
313 
314       if (!tindex &&
315 	  buffer->idx + 1 < count &&
316 	  isCombiningT (buffer->cur(+1).codepoint))
317       {
318 	/* <LV,T>, try to combine. */
319 	unsigned int new_tindex = buffer->cur(+1).codepoint - TBase;
320 	hb_codepoint_t new_s = s + new_tindex;
321 	if (font->has_glyph (new_s))
322 	{
323 	  buffer->replace_glyphs (2, 1, &new_s);
324 	  if (unlikely (buffer->in_error))
325 	    return;
326 	  end = start + 1;
327 	  continue;
328 	}
329       }
330 
331       /* Otherwise, decompose if font doesn't support <LV> or <LVT>,
332        * or if having non-combining <LV,T>.  Note that we already handled
333        * combining <LV,T> above. */
334       if (!has_glyph ||
335 	  (!tindex &&
336 	   buffer->idx + 1 < count &&
337 	   isT (buffer->cur(+1).codepoint)))
338       {
339 	hb_codepoint_t decomposed[3] = {LBase + lindex,
340 					VBase + vindex,
341 					TBase + tindex};
342 	if (font->has_glyph (decomposed[0]) &&
343 	    font->has_glyph (decomposed[1]) &&
344 	    (!tindex || font->has_glyph (decomposed[2])))
345 	{
346 	  unsigned int s_len = tindex ? 3 : 2;
347 	  buffer->replace_glyphs (1, s_len, decomposed);
348 	  if (unlikely (buffer->in_error))
349 	    return;
350 
351 	  /* We decomposed S: apply jamo features to the individual glyphs
352 	   * that are now in buffer->out_info.
353 	   */
354 	  hb_glyph_info_t *info = buffer->out_info;
355 
356 	  /* If we decomposed an LV because of a non-combining T following,
357 	   * we want to include this T in the syllable.
358 	   */
359 	  if (has_glyph && !tindex)
360 	  {
361             buffer->next_glyph ();
362             s_len++;
363           }
364           end = start + s_len;
365 
366 	  unsigned int i = start;
367 	  info[i++].hangul_shaping_feature() = LJMO;
368 	  info[i++].hangul_shaping_feature() = VJMO;
369 	  if (i < end)
370 	    info[i++].hangul_shaping_feature() = TJMO;
371 	  buffer->merge_out_clusters (start, end);
372 	  continue;
373 	}
374       }
375 
376       if (has_glyph)
377       {
378         /* We didn't decompose the S, so just advance past it. */
379 	end = start + 1;
380 	buffer->next_glyph ();
381 	continue;
382       }
383     }
384 
385     /* Didn't find a recognizable syllable, so we leave end <= start;
386      * this will prevent tone-mark reordering happening.
387      */
388     buffer->next_glyph ();
389   }
390   buffer->swap_buffers ();
391 }
392 
393 static void
setup_masks_hangul(const hb_ot_shape_plan_t * plan,hb_buffer_t * buffer,hb_font_t * font HB_UNUSED)394 setup_masks_hangul (const hb_ot_shape_plan_t *plan,
395 		    hb_buffer_t              *buffer,
396 		    hb_font_t                *font HB_UNUSED)
397 {
398   const hangul_shape_plan_t *hangul_plan = (const hangul_shape_plan_t *) plan->data;
399 
400   if (likely (hangul_plan))
401   {
402     unsigned int count = buffer->len;
403     hb_glyph_info_t *info = buffer->info;
404     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < count; i++, info++)
405       info->mask |= hangul_plan->mask_array[info->hangul_shaping_feature()];
406   }
407 
408   HB_BUFFER_DEALLOCATE_VAR (buffer, hangul_shaping_feature);
409 }
410 
411 
412 const hb_ot_complex_shaper_t _hb_ot_complex_shaper_hangul =
413 {
414   "hangul",
415   collect_features_hangul,
416   override_features_hangul,
417   data_create_hangul, /* data_create */
418   data_destroy_hangul, /* data_destroy */
419   preprocess_text_hangul,
420   HB_OT_SHAPE_NORMALIZATION_MODE_NONE,
421   NULL, /* decompose */
422   NULL, /* compose */
423   setup_masks_hangul, /* setup_masks */
424   HB_OT_SHAPE_ZERO_WIDTH_MARKS_NONE,
425   false, /* fallback_position */
426 };
427