1 /*
2  * Copyright 2011 Daniel Drown
3  *
4  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6  * You may obtain a copy of the License at
7  *
8  * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9  *
10  * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11  * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12  * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14  * limitations under the License.
15  *
16  * checksum.c - ipv4/ipv6 checksum calculation
17  */
18 #include <netinet/in.h>
19 #include <netinet/ip.h>
20 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
21 #include <netinet/udp.h>
22 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
23 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
24 #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
25 
26 #include "checksum.h"
27 
28 /* function: ip_checksum_add
29  * adds data to a checksum
30  * current - the current checksum (or 0 to start a new checksum)
31  * data        - the data to add to the checksum
32  * len         - length of data
33  */
ip_checksum_add(uint32_t current,const void * data,int len)34 uint32_t ip_checksum_add(uint32_t current, const void *data, int len) {
35   uint32_t checksum = current;
36   int left = len;
37   const uint16_t *data_16 = data;
38 
39   while(left > 1) {
40     checksum += *data_16;
41     data_16++;
42     left -= 2;
43   }
44   if(left) {
45     checksum += *(uint8_t *)data_16;
46   }
47 
48   return checksum;
49 }
50 
51 /* function: ip_checksum_fold
52  * folds a 32-bit partial checksum into 16 bits
53  * temp_sum - sum from ip_checksum_add
54  * returns: the folded checksum in network byte order
55  */
ip_checksum_fold(uint32_t temp_sum)56 uint16_t ip_checksum_fold(uint32_t temp_sum) {
57   while(temp_sum > 0xffff)
58     temp_sum = (temp_sum >> 16) + (temp_sum & 0xFFFF);
59 
60   return temp_sum;
61 }
62 
63 /* function: ip_checksum_finish
64  * folds and closes the checksum
65  * temp_sum - sum from ip_checksum_add
66  * returns: a header checksum value in network byte order
67  */
ip_checksum_finish(uint32_t temp_sum)68 uint16_t ip_checksum_finish(uint32_t temp_sum) {
69   return ~ip_checksum_fold(temp_sum);
70 }
71 
72 /* function: ip_checksum
73  * combined ip_checksum_add and ip_checksum_finish
74  * data - data to checksum
75  * len  - length of data
76  */
ip_checksum(const void * data,int len)77 uint16_t ip_checksum(const void *data, int len) {
78   uint32_t temp_sum;
79 
80   temp_sum = ip_checksum_add(0,data,len);
81   return ip_checksum_finish(temp_sum);
82 }
83 
84 /* function: ipv6_pseudo_header_checksum
85  * calculate the pseudo header checksum for use in tcp/udp/icmp headers
86  * ip6      - the ipv6 header
87  * len      - the transport length (transport header + payload)
88  * protocol - the transport layer protocol, can be different from ip6->ip6_nxt for fragments
89  */
ipv6_pseudo_header_checksum(const struct ip6_hdr * ip6,uint16_t len,uint8_t protocol)90 uint32_t ipv6_pseudo_header_checksum(const struct ip6_hdr *ip6, uint16_t len, uint8_t protocol) {
91   uint32_t checksum_len, checksum_next;
92   checksum_len = htonl((uint32_t) len);
93   checksum_next = htonl(protocol);
94 
95   uint32_t current = 0;
96   current = ip_checksum_add(current, &(ip6->ip6_src), sizeof(struct in6_addr));
97   current = ip_checksum_add(current, &(ip6->ip6_dst), sizeof(struct in6_addr));
98   current = ip_checksum_add(current, &checksum_len, sizeof(checksum_len));
99   current = ip_checksum_add(current, &checksum_next, sizeof(checksum_next));
100 
101   return current;
102 }
103 
104 /* function: ipv4_pseudo_header_checksum
105  * calculate the pseudo header checksum for use in tcp/udp headers
106  * ip      - the ipv4 header
107  * len     - the transport length (transport header + payload)
108  */
ipv4_pseudo_header_checksum(const struct iphdr * ip,uint16_t len)109 uint32_t ipv4_pseudo_header_checksum(const struct iphdr *ip, uint16_t len) {
110   uint16_t temp_protocol, temp_length;
111 
112   temp_protocol = htons(ip->protocol);
113   temp_length = htons(len);
114 
115   uint32_t current = 0;
116   current = ip_checksum_add(current, &(ip->saddr), sizeof(uint32_t));
117   current = ip_checksum_add(current, &(ip->daddr), sizeof(uint32_t));
118   current = ip_checksum_add(current, &temp_protocol, sizeof(uint16_t));
119   current = ip_checksum_add(current, &temp_length, sizeof(uint16_t));
120 
121   return current;
122 }
123 
124 /* function: ip_checksum_adjust
125  * calculates a new checksum given a previous checksum and the old and new pseudo-header checksums
126  * checksum    - the header checksum in the original packet in network byte order
127  * old_hdr_sum - the pseudo-header checksum of the original packet
128  * new_hdr_sum - the pseudo-header checksum of the translated packet
129  * returns: the new header checksum in network byte order
130  */
ip_checksum_adjust(uint16_t checksum,uint32_t old_hdr_sum,uint32_t new_hdr_sum)131 uint16_t ip_checksum_adjust(uint16_t checksum, uint32_t old_hdr_sum, uint32_t new_hdr_sum) {
132   // Algorithm suggested in RFC 1624.
133   // http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1624#section-3
134   checksum = ~checksum;
135   uint16_t folded_sum = ip_checksum_fold(checksum + new_hdr_sum);
136   uint16_t folded_old = ip_checksum_fold(old_hdr_sum);
137   if (folded_sum > folded_old) {
138     return ~(folded_sum - folded_old);
139   } else {
140     return ~(folded_sum - folded_old - 1);  // end-around borrow
141   }
142 }
143