11 Notes on the Free Translation Project 2*************************************** 3 4Free software is going international! The Free Translation Project is 5a way to get maintainers of free software, translators, and users all 6together, so that free software will gradually become able to speak many 7languages. A few packages already provide translations for their 8messages. 9 10 If you found this `ABOUT-NLS' file inside a distribution, you may 11assume that the distributed package does use GNU `gettext' internally, 12itself available at your nearest GNU archive site. But you do _not_ 13need to install GNU `gettext' prior to configuring, installing or using 14this package with messages translated. 15 16 Installers will find here some useful hints. These notes also 17explain how users should proceed for getting the programs to use the 18available translations. They tell how people wanting to contribute and 19work on translations can contact the appropriate team. 20 21 When reporting bugs in the `intl/' directory or bugs which may be 22related to internationalization, you should tell about the version of 23`gettext' which is used. The information can be found in the 24`intl/VERSION' file, in internationalized packages. 25 261.1 Quick configuration advice 27============================== 28 29If you want to exploit the full power of internationalization, you 30should configure it using 31 32 ./configure --with-included-gettext 33 34to force usage of internationalizing routines provided within this 35package, despite the existence of internationalizing capabilities in the 36operating system where this package is being installed. So far, only 37the `gettext' implementation in the GNU C library version 2 provides as 38many features (such as locale alias, message inheritance, automatic 39charset conversion or plural form handling) as the implementation here. 40It is also not possible to offer this additional functionality on top 41of a `catgets' implementation. Future versions of GNU `gettext' will 42very likely convey even more functionality. So it might be a good idea 43to change to GNU `gettext' as soon as possible. 44 45 So you need _not_ provide this option if you are using GNU libc 2 or 46you have installed a recent copy of the GNU gettext package with the 47included `libintl'. 48 491.2 INSTALL Matters 50=================== 51 52Some packages are "localizable" when properly installed; the programs 53they contain can be made to speak your own native language. Most such 54packages use GNU `gettext'. Other packages have their own ways to 55internationalization, predating GNU `gettext'. 56 57 By default, this package will be installed to allow translation of 58messages. It will automatically detect whether the system already 59provides the GNU `gettext' functions. If not, the included GNU 60`gettext' library will be used. This library is wholly contained 61within this package, usually in the `intl/' subdirectory, so prior 62installation of the GNU `gettext' package is _not_ required. 63Installers may use special options at configuration time for changing 64the default behaviour. The commands: 65 66 ./configure --with-included-gettext 67 ./configure --disable-nls 68 69will, respectively, bypass any pre-existing `gettext' to use the 70internationalizing routines provided within this package, or else, 71_totally_ disable translation of messages. 72 73 When you already have GNU `gettext' installed on your system and run 74configure without an option for your new package, `configure' will 75probably detect the previously built and installed `libintl.a' file and 76will decide to use this. This might not be desirable. You should use 77the more recent version of the GNU `gettext' library. I.e. if the file 78`intl/VERSION' shows that the library which comes with this package is 79more recent, you should use 80 81 ./configure --with-included-gettext 82 83to prevent auto-detection. 84 85 The configuration process will not test for the `catgets' function 86and therefore it will not be used. The reason is that even an 87emulation of `gettext' on top of `catgets' could not provide all the 88extensions of the GNU `gettext' library. 89 90 Internationalized packages usually have many `po/LL.po' files, where 91LL gives an ISO 639 two-letter code identifying the language. Unless 92translations have been forbidden at `configure' time by using the 93`--disable-nls' switch, all available translations are installed 94together with the package. However, the environment variable `LINGUAS' 95may be set, prior to configuration, to limit the installed set. 96`LINGUAS' should then contain a space separated list of two-letter 97codes, stating which languages are allowed. 98 991.3 Using This Package 100====================== 101 102As a user, if your language has been installed for this package, you 103only have to set the `LANG' environment variable to the appropriate 104`LL_CC' combination. If you happen to have the `LC_ALL' or some other 105`LC_xxx' environment variables set, you should unset them before 106setting `LANG', otherwise the setting of `LANG' will not have the 107desired effect. Here `LL' is an ISO 639 two-letter language code, and 108`CC' is an ISO 3166 two-letter country code. For example, let's 109suppose that you speak German and live in Germany. At the shell 110prompt, merely execute `setenv LANG de_DE' (in `csh'), 111`export LANG; LANG=de_DE' (in `sh') or `export LANG=de_DE' (in `bash'). 112This can be done from your `.login' or `.profile' file, once and for 113all. 114 115 You might think that the country code specification is redundant. 116But in fact, some languages have dialects in different countries. For 117example, `de_AT' is used for Austria, and `pt_BR' for Brazil. The 118country code serves to distinguish the dialects. 119 120 The locale naming convention of `LL_CC', with `LL' denoting the 121language and `CC' denoting the country, is the one use on systems based 122on GNU libc. On other systems, some variations of this scheme are 123used, such as `LL' or `LL_CC.ENCODING'. You can get the list of 124locales supported by your system for your language by running the 125command `locale -a | grep '^LL''. 126 127 Not all programs have translations for all languages. By default, an 128English message is shown in place of a nonexistent translation. If you 129understand other languages, you can set up a priority list of languages. 130This is done through a different environment variable, called 131`LANGUAGE'. GNU `gettext' gives preference to `LANGUAGE' over `LANG' 132for the purpose of message handling, but you still need to have `LANG' 133set to the primary language; this is required by other parts of the 134system libraries. For example, some Swedish users who would rather 135read translations in German than English for when Swedish is not 136available, set `LANGUAGE' to `sv:de' while leaving `LANG' to `sv_SE'. 137 138 Special advice for Norwegian users: The language code for Norwegian 139bokma*l changed from `no' to `nb' recently (in 2003). During the 140transition period, while some message catalogs for this language are 141installed under `nb' and some older ones under `no', it's recommended 142for Norwegian users to set `LANGUAGE' to `nb:no' so that both newer and 143older translations are used. 144 145 In the `LANGUAGE' environment variable, but not in the `LANG' 146environment variable, `LL_CC' combinations can be abbreviated as `LL' 147to denote the language's main dialect. For example, `de' is equivalent 148to `de_DE' (German as spoken in Germany), and `pt' to `pt_PT' 149(Portuguese as spoken in Portugal) in this context. 150 1511.4 Translating Teams 152===================== 153 154For the Free Translation Project to be a success, we need interested 155people who like their own language and write it well, and who are also 156able to synergize with other translators speaking the same language. 157Each translation team has its own mailing list. The up-to-date list of 158teams can be found at the Free Translation Project's homepage, 159`http://translationproject.org/', in the "Teams" area. 160 161 If you'd like to volunteer to _work_ at translating messages, you 162should become a member of the translating team for your own language. 163The subscribing address is _not_ the same as the list itself, it has 164`-request' appended. For example, speakers of Swedish can send a 165message to `sv-request@li.org', having this message body: 166 167 subscribe 168 169 Keep in mind that team members are expected to participate 170_actively_ in translations, or at solving translational difficulties, 171rather than merely lurking around. If your team does not exist yet and 172you want to start one, or if you are unsure about what to do or how to 173get started, please write to `coordinator@translationproject.org' to 174reach the coordinator for all translator teams. 175 176 The English team is special. It works at improving and uniformizing 177the terminology in use. Proven linguistic skills are praised more than 178programming skills, here. 179 1801.5 Available Packages 181====================== 182 183Languages are not equally supported in all packages. The following 184matrix shows the current state of internationalization, as of May 2010. 185The matrix shows, in regard of each package, for which languages PO 186files have been submitted to translation coordination, with a 187translation percentage of at least 50%. 188 189 Ready PO files af am ar as ast az be be@latin bg bn_IN bs ca crh 190 +---------------------------------------------------+ 191 a2ps | [] [] | 192 aegis | | 193 ant-phone | | 194 anubis | | 195 aspell | [] [] | 196 bash | | 197 bfd | | 198 bibshelf | [] | 199 binutils | | 200 bison | | 201 bison-runtime | [] | 202 bluez-pin | [] [] | 203 bombono-dvd | | 204 buzztard | | 205 cflow | | 206 clisp | | 207 coreutils | [] [] | 208 cpio | | 209 cppi | | 210 cpplib | [] | 211 cryptsetup | | 212 dfarc | | 213 dialog | [] [] | 214 dico | | 215 diffutils | [] | 216 dink | | 217 doodle | | 218 e2fsprogs | [] | 219 enscript | [] | 220 exif | | 221 fetchmail | [] | 222 findutils | [] | 223 flex | [] | 224 freedink | | 225 gas | | 226 gawk | [] [] | 227 gcal | [] | 228 gcc | | 229 gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] | 230 gettext-runtime | [] [] [] | 231 gettext-tools | [] [] | 232 gip | [] | 233 gjay | | 234 gliv | [] | 235 glunarclock | [] [] | 236 gnubiff | | 237 gnucash | [] | 238 gnuedu | | 239 gnulib | | 240 gnunet | | 241 gnunet-gtk | | 242 gnutls | | 243 gold | | 244 gpe-aerial | | 245 gpe-beam | | 246 gpe-bluetooth | | 247 gpe-calendar | | 248 gpe-clock | [] | 249 gpe-conf | | 250 gpe-contacts | | 251 gpe-edit | | 252 gpe-filemanager | | 253 gpe-go | | 254 gpe-login | | 255 gpe-ownerinfo | [] | 256 gpe-package | | 257 gpe-sketchbook | | 258 gpe-su | [] | 259 gpe-taskmanager | [] | 260 gpe-timesheet | [] | 261 gpe-today | [] | 262 gpe-todo | | 263 gphoto2 | | 264 gprof | [] | 265 gpsdrive | | 266 gramadoir | | 267 grep | | 268 grub | [] [] | 269 gsasl | | 270 gss | | 271 gst-plugins-bad | [] | 272 gst-plugins-base | [] | 273 gst-plugins-good | [] | 274 gst-plugins-ugly | [] | 275 gstreamer | [] [] [] | 276 gtick | | 277 gtkam | [] | 278 gtkorphan | [] | 279 gtkspell | [] [] [] | 280 gutenprint | | 281 hello | [] | 282 help2man | | 283 hylafax | | 284 idutils | | 285 indent | [] [] | 286 iso_15924 | | 287 iso_3166 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 288 iso_3166_2 | | 289 iso_4217 | | 290 iso_639 | [] [] [] [] [] | 291 iso_639_3 | [] | 292 jwhois | | 293 kbd | | 294 keytouch | [] | 295 keytouch-editor | | 296 keytouch-keyboa... | [] | 297 klavaro | [] | 298 latrine | | 299 ld | [] | 300 leafpad | [] [] | 301 libc | [] [] | 302 libexif | () | 303 libextractor | | 304 libgnutls | | 305 libgpewidget | | 306 libgpg-error | | 307 libgphoto2 | | 308 libgphoto2_port | | 309 libgsasl | | 310 libiconv | [] | 311 libidn | | 312 lifelines | | 313 liferea | [] [] | 314 lilypond | | 315 linkdr | [] | 316 lordsawar | | 317 lprng | | 318 lynx | [] | 319 m4 | | 320 mailfromd | | 321 mailutils | | 322 make | | 323 man-db | | 324 man-db-manpages | | 325 minicom | | 326 mkisofs | | 327 myserver | | 328 nano | [] [] | 329 opcodes | | 330 parted | | 331 pies | | 332 popt | | 333 psmisc | | 334 pspp | [] | 335 pwdutils | | 336 radius | [] | 337 recode | [] [] | 338 rosegarden | | 339 rpm | | 340 rush | | 341 sarg | | 342 screem | | 343 scrollkeeper | [] [] [] | 344 sed | [] [] | 345 sharutils | [] [] | 346 shishi | | 347 skencil | | 348 solfege | | 349 solfege-manual | | 350 soundtracker | | 351 sp | | 352 sysstat | | 353 tar | [] | 354 texinfo | | 355 tin | | 356 unicode-han-tra... | | 357 unicode-transla... | | 358 util-linux-ng | [] | 359 vice | | 360 vmm | | 361 vorbis-tools | | 362 wastesedge | | 363 wdiff | | 364 wget | [] [] | 365 wyslij-po | | 366 xchat | [] [] [] [] | 367 xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 368 xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] | 369 +---------------------------------------------------+ 370 af am ar as ast az be be@latin bg bn_IN bs ca crh 371 6 0 2 3 19 1 11 3 28 3 1 38 5 372 373 cs da de el en en_GB en_ZA eo es et eu fa fi 374 +-------------------------------------------------+ 375 a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 376 aegis | [] [] [] | 377 ant-phone | [] () | 378 anubis | [] [] [] | 379 aspell | [] [] [] [] [] | 380 bash | [] [] [] [] | 381 bfd | [] [] | 382 bibshelf | [] [] [] [] | 383 binutils | [] [] | 384 bison | [] [] [] | 385 bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | 386 bluez-pin | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 387 bombono-dvd | [] [] | 388 buzztard | [] [] [] | 389 cflow | [] [] [] | 390 clisp | [] [] [] [] | 391 coreutils | [] [] [] [] | 392 cpio | [] | 393 cppi | [] | 394 cpplib | [] [] [] | 395 cryptsetup | [] | 396 dfarc | [] [] [] [] | 397 dialog | [] [] [] [] [] | 398 dico | | 399 diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 400 dink | [] [] [] | 401 doodle | [] | 402 e2fsprogs | [] [] [] | 403 enscript | [] [] [] | 404 exif | () [] [] [] | 405 fetchmail | [] [] () [] [] [] | 406 findutils | [] [] [] [] | 407 flex | [] [] [] | 408 freedink | [] [] [] [] | 409 gas | [] | 410 gawk | [] [] [] | 411 gcal | [] | 412 gcc | [] [] | 413 gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] | 414 gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | 415 gettext-tools | [] [] [] | 416 gip | [] [] [] [] [] | 417 gjay | [] [] | 418 gliv | [] [] [] [] | 419 glunarclock | [] [] [] | 420 gnubiff | () | 421 gnucash | [] () () () () () | 422 gnuedu | [] [] | 423 gnulib | [] [] [] | 424 gnunet | | 425 gnunet-gtk | [] | 426 gnutls | [] [] | 427 gold | [] [] | 428 gpe-aerial | [] [] [] [] [] | 429 gpe-beam | [] [] [] [] [] | 430 gpe-bluetooth | [] [] [] | 431 gpe-calendar | [] [] | 432 gpe-clock | [] [] [] [] [] | 433 gpe-conf | [] [] [] [] | 434 gpe-contacts | [] [] [] [] | 435 gpe-edit | [] [] [] | 436 gpe-filemanager | [] [] [] [] | 437 gpe-go | [] [] [] [] [] | 438 gpe-login | [] [] [] | 439 gpe-ownerinfo | [] [] [] [] [] | 440 gpe-package | [] [] [] [] | 441 gpe-sketchbook | [] [] [] [] [] | 442 gpe-su | [] [] [] [] [] | 443 gpe-taskmanager | [] [] [] [] [] | 444 gpe-timesheet | [] [] [] [] [] | 445 gpe-today | [] [] [] [] [] | 446 gpe-todo | [] [] [] [] | 447 gphoto2 | [] [] () [] [] [] [] | 448 gprof | [] [] [] [] | 449 gpsdrive | [] [] [] | 450 gramadoir | [] [] [] | 451 grep | [] [] | 452 grub | [] [] [] | 453 gsasl | [] [] | 454 gss | [] | 455 gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 456 gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 457 gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 458 gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 459 gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 460 gtick | [] () [] [] | 461 gtkam | [] [] () [] [] | 462 gtkorphan | [] [] [] [] | 463 gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 464 gutenprint | [] [] [] [] | 465 hello | [] [] [] [] [] | 466 help2man | [] [] | 467 hylafax | [] [] | 468 idutils | [] [] [] | 469 indent | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 470 iso_15924 | [] () [] [] [] | 471 iso_3166 | [] [] [] () [] [] [] () [] | 472 iso_3166_2 | () | 473 iso_4217 | [] [] [] () [] [] [] | 474 iso_639 | [] [] [] () [] [] [] | 475 iso_639_3 | | 476 jwhois | [] [] | 477 kbd | [] [] [] [] [] | 478 keytouch | [] [] [] | 479 keytouch-editor | [] [] [] | 480 keytouch-keyboa... | [] [] | 481 klavaro | [] [] [] [] | 482 latrine | [] () [] | 483 ld | [] [] [] | 484 leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 485 libc | [] [] [] [] [] | 486 libexif | [] [] () | 487 libextractor | | 488 libgnutls | [] | 489 libgpewidget | [] [] [] | 490 libgpg-error | [] [] | 491 libgphoto2 | [] () | 492 libgphoto2_port | [] () [] | 493 libgsasl | [] | 494 libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 495 libidn | [] [] [] [] | 496 lifelines | [] () | 497 liferea | [] [] [] [] [] | 498 lilypond | [] [] [] [] | 499 linkdr | [] [] [] [] | 500 lordsawar | [] | 501 lprng | | 502 lynx | [] [] [] [] | 503 m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | 504 mailfromd | | 505 mailutils | [] | 506 make | [] [] [] [] | 507 man-db | | 508 man-db-manpages | | 509 minicom | [] [] [] [] [] | 510 mkisofs | [] | 511 myserver | | 512 nano | [] [] [] [] | 513 opcodes | [] [] [] | 514 parted | [] [] | 515 pies | | 516 popt | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 517 psmisc | [] [] [] [] | 518 pspp | [] | 519 pwdutils | [] | 520 radius | [] | 521 recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 522 rosegarden | () () () () | 523 rpm | [] [] [] | 524 rush | | 525 sarg | | 526 screem | | 527 scrollkeeper | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 528 sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 529 sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 530 shishi | | 531 skencil | [] () [] | 532 solfege | [] [] [] [] | 533 solfege-manual | [] [] | 534 soundtracker | [] [] [] | 535 sp | [] | 536 sysstat | [] [] [] [] | 537 tar | [] [] [] [] [] | 538 texinfo | [] [] [] | 539 tin | [] [] | 540 unicode-han-tra... | | 541 unicode-transla... | | 542 util-linux-ng | [] [] [] [] [] | 543 vice | () () | 544 vmm | [] | 545 vorbis-tools | [] [] | 546 wastesedge | [] | 547 wdiff | [] [] [] | 548 wget | [] [] [] [] | 549 wyslij-po | [] | 550 xchat | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 551 xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 552 xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 553 +-------------------------------------------------+ 554 cs da de el en en_GB en_ZA eo es et eu fa fi 555 64 105 117 18 1 8 0 28 89 18 19 0 104 556 557 fr ga gl gu he hi hr hu hy id is it ja ka kn 558 +------------------------------------------------+ 559 a2ps | [] [] [] | 560 aegis | [] [] | 561 ant-phone | [] [] | 562 anubis | [] [] [] | 563 aspell | [] [] [] [] | 564 bash | [] [] [] | 565 bfd | [] [] | 566 bibshelf | [] [] [] [] | 567 binutils | [] [] | 568 bison | [] [] [] | 569 bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | 570 bluez-pin | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 571 bombono-dvd | | 572 buzztard | [] | 573 cflow | [] [] | 574 clisp | [] | 575 coreutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 576 cpio | [] [] [] | 577 cppi | [] | 578 cpplib | [] [] | 579 cryptsetup | [] [] [] | 580 dfarc | [] [] | 581 dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 582 dico | | 583 diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 584 dink | [] | 585 doodle | [] [] | 586 e2fsprogs | [] [] | 587 enscript | [] [] [] [] | 588 exif | [] [] [] [] [] | 589 fetchmail | [] [] [] [] | 590 findutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 591 flex | [] [] | 592 freedink | [] [] | 593 gas | [] [] | 594 gawk | [] [] [] [] () [] | 595 gcal | [] | 596 gcc | [] | 597 gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 598 gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | 599 gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] | 600 gip | [] [] [] [] [] | 601 gjay | | 602 gliv | () | 603 glunarclock | [] [] [] | 604 gnubiff | () [] () | 605 gnucash | () () () () [] | 606 gnuedu | [] [] | 607 gnulib | [] [] [] [] [] | 608 gnunet | | 609 gnunet-gtk | [] | 610 gnutls | [] [] | 611 gold | [] | 612 gpe-aerial | [] [] | 613 gpe-beam | [] [] [] | 614 gpe-bluetooth | [] [] [] | 615 gpe-calendar | [] | 616 gpe-clock | [] [] [] [] | 617 gpe-conf | [] [] [] | 618 gpe-contacts | [] [] [] | 619 gpe-edit | [] [] | 620 gpe-filemanager | [] [] [] | 621 gpe-go | [] [] [] [] | 622 gpe-login | [] [] | 623 gpe-ownerinfo | [] [] [] [] | 624 gpe-package | [] [] | 625 gpe-sketchbook | [] [] [] | 626 gpe-su | [] [] [] [] [] | 627 gpe-taskmanager | [] [] [] [] | 628 gpe-timesheet | [] [] [] [] | 629 gpe-today | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 630 gpe-todo | [] [] | 631 gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] [] | 632 gprof | [] [] [] | 633 gpsdrive | [] [] [] | 634 gramadoir | [] [] [] | 635 grep | [] | 636 grub | [] [] [] | 637 gsasl | [] [] [] [] | 638 gss | [] [] [] [] | 639 gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] | 640 gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] | 641 gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] | 642 gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] | 643 gstreamer | [] [] [] [] | 644 gtick | [] [] [] [] | 645 gtkam | [] [] [] [] [] | 646 gtkorphan | [] [] [] | 647 gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 648 gutenprint | [] [] [] | 649 hello | [] [] | 650 help2man | [] | 651 hylafax | [] | 652 idutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 653 indent | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 654 iso_15924 | () [] [] | 655 iso_3166 | () [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 656 iso_3166_2 | () [] [] [] | 657 iso_4217 | () [] [] [] [] | 658 iso_639 | () [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 659 iso_639_3 | () [] [] | 660 jwhois | [] [] [] [] | 661 kbd | [] [] | 662 keytouch | [] [] [] [] [] | 663 keytouch-editor | [] [] [] [] | 664 keytouch-keyboa... | [] [] [] [] | 665 klavaro | [] [] | 666 latrine | [] [] | 667 ld | [] [] [] | 668 leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] [] () | 669 libc | [] [] [] [] | 670 libexif | | 671 libextractor | | 672 libgnutls | [] [] | 673 libgpewidget | [] [] [] | 674 libgpg-error | [] [] | 675 libgphoto2 | [] [] [] | 676 libgphoto2_port | [] [] [] | 677 libgsasl | [] [] [] [] | 678 libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] | 679 libidn | [] [] [] | 680 lifelines | () | 681 liferea | [] [] [] [] | 682 lilypond | [] | 683 linkdr | [] [] [] [] | 684 lordsawar | | 685 lprng | [] | 686 lynx | [] [] [] [] [] | 687 m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | 688 mailfromd | | 689 mailutils | [] [] | 690 make | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 691 man-db | [] [] | 692 man-db-manpages | [] | 693 minicom | [] [] [] [] | 694 mkisofs | [] [] [] | 695 myserver | | 696 nano | [] [] [] [] [] | 697 opcodes | [] [] [] | 698 parted | [] [] [] [] | 699 pies | | 700 popt | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 701 psmisc | [] [] | 702 pspp | | 703 pwdutils | [] [] | 704 radius | [] [] | 705 recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 706 rosegarden | () () () () | 707 rpm | [] [] | 708 rush | | 709 sarg | [] | 710 screem | [] [] | 711 scrollkeeper | [] [] [] | 712 sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 713 sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 714 shishi | [] | 715 skencil | [] | 716 solfege | [] [] [] | 717 solfege-manual | [] [] | 718 soundtracker | [] [] | 719 sp | [] () | 720 sysstat | [] [] [] [] | 721 tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 722 texinfo | [] [] [] [] | 723 tin | [] | 724 unicode-han-tra... | | 725 unicode-transla... | [] [] | 726 util-linux-ng | [] [] [] [] [] | 727 vice | () () () | 728 vmm | [] | 729 vorbis-tools | [] | 730 wastesedge | () () | 731 wdiff | | 732 wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 733 wyslij-po | [] [] | 734 xchat | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 735 xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 736 xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] | 737 +------------------------------------------------+ 738 fr ga gl gu he hi hr hu hy id is it ja ka kn 739 121 53 20 4 8 2 5 53 2 120 5 83 66 0 4 740 741 ko ku ky lg lt lv mk ml mn mr ms mt nb nds ne 742 +-----------------------------------------------+ 743 a2ps | [] | 744 aegis | | 745 ant-phone | | 746 anubis | [] [] | 747 aspell | [] | 748 bash | | 749 bfd | | 750 bibshelf | [] [] | 751 binutils | | 752 bison | [] | 753 bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] | 754 bluez-pin | [] [] [] [] [] | 755 bombono-dvd | | 756 buzztard | | 757 cflow | | 758 clisp | | 759 coreutils | [] | 760 cpio | | 761 cppi | | 762 cpplib | | 763 cryptsetup | | 764 dfarc | [] | 765 dialog | [] [] [] [] [] | 766 dico | | 767 diffutils | [] [] | 768 dink | | 769 doodle | | 770 e2fsprogs | | 771 enscript | | 772 exif | [] | 773 fetchmail | | 774 findutils | | 775 flex | | 776 freedink | [] | 777 gas | | 778 gawk | | 779 gcal | | 780 gcc | | 781 gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] | 782 gettext-runtime | [] | 783 gettext-tools | [] | 784 gip | [] [] | 785 gjay | | 786 gliv | | 787 glunarclock | [] | 788 gnubiff | | 789 gnucash | () () () () | 790 gnuedu | | 791 gnulib | | 792 gnunet | | 793 gnunet-gtk | | 794 gnutls | [] | 795 gold | | 796 gpe-aerial | [] | 797 gpe-beam | [] | 798 gpe-bluetooth | [] [] | 799 gpe-calendar | [] | 800 gpe-clock | [] [] [] [] [] | 801 gpe-conf | [] [] | 802 gpe-contacts | [] [] | 803 gpe-edit | [] | 804 gpe-filemanager | [] [] | 805 gpe-go | [] [] [] | 806 gpe-login | [] | 807 gpe-ownerinfo | [] [] | 808 gpe-package | [] [] | 809 gpe-sketchbook | [] [] | 810 gpe-su | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 811 gpe-taskmanager | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 812 gpe-timesheet | [] [] | 813 gpe-today | [] [] [] [] | 814 gpe-todo | [] [] | 815 gphoto2 | | 816 gprof | [] | 817 gpsdrive | | 818 gramadoir | | 819 grep | | 820 grub | | 821 gsasl | | 822 gss | | 823 gst-plugins-bad | [] [] | 824 gst-plugins-base | [] [] | 825 gst-plugins-good | [] [] | 826 gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] | 827 gstreamer | | 828 gtick | | 829 gtkam | [] | 830 gtkorphan | [] [] | 831 gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 832 gutenprint | | 833 hello | [] [] [] | 834 help2man | | 835 hylafax | | 836 idutils | | 837 indent | | 838 iso_15924 | [] [] | 839 iso_3166 | [] [] () [] [] [] [] [] | 840 iso_3166_2 | | 841 iso_4217 | [] [] | 842 iso_639 | [] [] | 843 iso_639_3 | [] | 844 jwhois | [] | 845 kbd | | 846 keytouch | [] | 847 keytouch-editor | [] | 848 keytouch-keyboa... | [] | 849 klavaro | [] | 850 latrine | [] | 851 ld | | 852 leafpad | [] [] [] | 853 libc | [] | 854 libexif | | 855 libextractor | | 856 libgnutls | [] | 857 libgpewidget | [] [] | 858 libgpg-error | | 859 libgphoto2 | | 860 libgphoto2_port | | 861 libgsasl | | 862 libiconv | | 863 libidn | | 864 lifelines | | 865 liferea | | 866 lilypond | | 867 linkdr | | 868 lordsawar | | 869 lprng | | 870 lynx | | 871 m4 | | 872 mailfromd | | 873 mailutils | | 874 make | [] | 875 man-db | | 876 man-db-manpages | | 877 minicom | [] | 878 mkisofs | | 879 myserver | | 880 nano | [] [] | 881 opcodes | | 882 parted | | 883 pies | | 884 popt | [] [] [] | 885 psmisc | | 886 pspp | | 887 pwdutils | | 888 radius | | 889 recode | | 890 rosegarden | | 891 rpm | | 892 rush | | 893 sarg | | 894 screem | | 895 scrollkeeper | [] [] | 896 sed | | 897 sharutils | | 898 shishi | | 899 skencil | | 900 solfege | [] | 901 solfege-manual | | 902 soundtracker | | 903 sp | | 904 sysstat | [] | 905 tar | [] | 906 texinfo | [] | 907 tin | | 908 unicode-han-tra... | | 909 unicode-transla... | | 910 util-linux-ng | | 911 vice | | 912 vmm | | 913 vorbis-tools | | 914 wastesedge | | 915 wdiff | | 916 wget | [] | 917 wyslij-po | | 918 xchat | [] [] [] | 919 xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 920 xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] | 921 +-----------------------------------------------+ 922 ko ku ky lg lt lv mk ml mn mr ms mt nb nds ne 923 20 5 10 1 12 48 4 2 2 4 24 10 19 3 1 924 925 nl nn or pa pl ps pt pt_BR ro ru rw sk sl sq sr 926 +---------------------------------------------------+ 927 a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 928 aegis | [] [] [] | 929 ant-phone | [] [] | 930 anubis | [] [] [] | 931 aspell | [] [] [] [] [] | 932 bash | [] [] | 933 bfd | [] | 934 bibshelf | [] [] | 935 binutils | [] [] | 936 bison | [] [] [] | 937 bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 938 bluez-pin | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 939 bombono-dvd | [] () | 940 buzztard | [] [] | 941 cflow | [] | 942 clisp | [] [] | 943 coreutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 944 cpio | [] [] [] | 945 cppi | [] | 946 cpplib | [] | 947 cryptsetup | [] | 948 dfarc | [] | 949 dialog | [] [] [] [] | 950 dico | [] | 951 diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 952 dink | () | 953 doodle | [] [] | 954 e2fsprogs | [] [] | 955 enscript | [] [] [] [] [] | 956 exif | [] [] [] () [] | 957 fetchmail | [] [] [] [] | 958 findutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 959 flex | [] [] [] [] [] | 960 freedink | [] [] | 961 gas | | 962 gawk | [] [] [] [] | 963 gcal | | 964 gcc | [] | 965 gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 966 gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 967 gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 968 gip | [] [] [] [] [] | 969 gjay | | 970 gliv | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 971 glunarclock | [] [] [] [] [] | 972 gnubiff | [] () | 973 gnucash | [] () () () | 974 gnuedu | [] | 975 gnulib | [] [] [] [] | 976 gnunet | | 977 gnunet-gtk | | 978 gnutls | [] [] | 979 gold | | 980 gpe-aerial | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 981 gpe-beam | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 982 gpe-bluetooth | [] [] | 983 gpe-calendar | [] [] [] [] | 984 gpe-clock | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 985 gpe-conf | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 986 gpe-contacts | [] [] [] [] [] | 987 gpe-edit | [] [] [] | 988 gpe-filemanager | [] [] [] | 989 gpe-go | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 990 gpe-login | [] [] | 991 gpe-ownerinfo | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 992 gpe-package | [] [] | 993 gpe-sketchbook | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 994 gpe-su | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 995 gpe-taskmanager | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 996 gpe-timesheet | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 997 gpe-today | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 998 gpe-todo | [] [] [] [] [] | 999 gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1000 gprof | [] [] [] | 1001 gpsdrive | [] [] | 1002 gramadoir | [] [] | 1003 grep | [] [] [] [] | 1004 grub | [] [] [] | 1005 gsasl | [] [] [] [] | 1006 gss | [] [] [] | 1007 gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] [] | 1008 gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] | 1009 gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] | 1010 gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1011 gstreamer | [] [] [] [] [] | 1012 gtick | [] [] [] | 1013 gtkam | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1014 gtkorphan | [] | 1015 gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1016 gutenprint | [] [] | 1017 hello | [] [] [] [] | 1018 help2man | [] [] | 1019 hylafax | [] | 1020 idutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 1021 indent | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1022 iso_15924 | [] [] [] [] | 1023 iso_3166 | [] [] [] [] [] () [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1024 iso_3166_2 | [] [] [] | 1025 iso_4217 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1026 iso_639 | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1027 iso_639_3 | [] [] | 1028 jwhois | [] [] [] [] | 1029 kbd | [] [] [] | 1030 keytouch | [] [] [] | 1031 keytouch-editor | [] [] [] | 1032 keytouch-keyboa... | [] [] [] | 1033 klavaro | [] [] | 1034 latrine | [] [] | 1035 ld | | 1036 leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1037 libc | [] [] [] [] | 1038 libexif | [] [] () [] | 1039 libextractor | | 1040 libgnutls | [] [] | 1041 libgpewidget | [] [] [] | 1042 libgpg-error | [] [] | 1043 libgphoto2 | [] [] | 1044 libgphoto2_port | [] [] [] [] | 1045 libgsasl | [] [] [] [] [] | 1046 libiconv | [] [] [] [] [] | 1047 libidn | [] [] | 1048 lifelines | [] [] | 1049 liferea | [] [] [] [] [] () () [] | 1050 lilypond | [] | 1051 linkdr | [] [] [] | 1052 lordsawar | | 1053 lprng | [] | 1054 lynx | [] [] [] | 1055 m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | 1056 mailfromd | [] | 1057 mailutils | [] | 1058 make | [] [] [] [] | 1059 man-db | [] [] [] | 1060 man-db-manpages | [] [] [] | 1061 minicom | [] [] [] [] | 1062 mkisofs | [] [] [] | 1063 myserver | | 1064 nano | [] [] [] [] | 1065 opcodes | [] [] | 1066 parted | [] [] [] [] | 1067 pies | [] | 1068 popt | [] [] [] [] | 1069 psmisc | [] [] [] | 1070 pspp | [] [] | 1071 pwdutils | [] | 1072 radius | [] [] [] | 1073 recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1074 rosegarden | () () | 1075 rpm | [] [] [] | 1076 rush | [] [] | 1077 sarg | | 1078 screem | | 1079 scrollkeeper | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1080 sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1081 sharutils | [] [] [] [] | 1082 shishi | [] | 1083 skencil | [] [] | 1084 solfege | [] [] [] [] | 1085 solfege-manual | [] [] [] | 1086 soundtracker | [] | 1087 sp | | 1088 sysstat | [] [] [] [] | 1089 tar | [] [] [] [] | 1090 texinfo | [] [] [] [] | 1091 tin | [] | 1092 unicode-han-tra... | | 1093 unicode-transla... | | 1094 util-linux-ng | [] [] [] [] [] | 1095 vice | [] | 1096 vmm | [] | 1097 vorbis-tools | [] [] | 1098 wastesedge | [] | 1099 wdiff | [] [] | 1100 wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1101 wyslij-po | [] [] [] | 1102 xchat | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1103 xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 1104 xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] [] | 1105 +---------------------------------------------------+ 1106 nl nn or pa pl ps pt pt_BR ro ru rw sk sl sq sr 1107 135 10 4 7 105 1 29 61 47 91 3 55 47 8 37 1108 1109 sv sw ta te tg th tr uk vi wa zh_CN zh_HK zh_TW 1110 +---------------------------------------------------+ 1111 a2ps | [] [] [] [] [] | 27 1112 aegis | [] | 9 1113 ant-phone | [] [] [] [] | 9 1114 anubis | [] [] [] [] | 15 1115 aspell | [] [] [] | 20 1116 bash | [] [] | 11 1117 bfd | [] | 6 1118 bibshelf | [] [] [] | 16 1119 binutils | [] [] | 8 1120 bison | [] [] | 12 1121 bison-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 29 1122 bluez-pin | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 37 1123 bombono-dvd | [] | 4 1124 buzztard | [] | 7 1125 cflow | [] [] [] | 9 1126 clisp | | 10 1127 coreutils | [] [] [] [] | 22 1128 cpio | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 13 1129 cppi | [] [] | 5 1130 cpplib | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 13 1131 cryptsetup | [] [] | 7 1132 dfarc | [] | 9 1133 dialog | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 30 1134 dico | [] | 2 1135 diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 30 1136 dink | | 4 1137 doodle | [] [] | 7 1138 e2fsprogs | [] [] [] | 11 1139 enscript | [] [] [] [] | 17 1140 exif | [] [] [] | 16 1141 fetchmail | [] [] [] | 17 1142 findutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 20 1143 flex | [] [] [] [] | 15 1144 freedink | [] | 10 1145 gas | [] | 4 1146 gawk | [] [] [] [] | 18 1147 gcal | [] [] | 5 1148 gcc | [] [] [] | 7 1149 gettext-examples | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 34 1150 gettext-runtime | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 30 1151 gettext-tools | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 22 1152 gip | [] [] [] [] | 22 1153 gjay | [] | 3 1154 gliv | [] [] [] | 14 1155 glunarclock | [] [] [] [] [] | 19 1156 gnubiff | [] [] | 4 1157 gnucash | () [] () () | 9 1158 gnuedu | [] [] | 7 1159 gnulib | [] [] [] [] | 16 1160 gnunet | [] | 1 1161 gnunet-gtk | [] [] [] | 5 1162 gnutls | [] [] [] | 10 1163 gold | [] | 4 1164 gpe-aerial | [] [] [] | 18 1165 gpe-beam | [] [] [] | 19 1166 gpe-bluetooth | [] [] [] | 13 1167 gpe-calendar | [] [] [] [] | 12 1168 gpe-clock | [] [] [] [] [] | 28 1169 gpe-conf | [] [] [] [] | 20 1170 gpe-contacts | [] [] [] | 17 1171 gpe-edit | [] [] [] | 12 1172 gpe-filemanager | [] [] [] [] | 16 1173 gpe-go | [] [] [] [] [] | 25 1174 gpe-login | [] [] [] | 11 1175 gpe-ownerinfo | [] [] [] [] [] | 25 1176 gpe-package | [] [] [] | 13 1177 gpe-sketchbook | [] [] [] | 20 1178 gpe-su | [] [] [] [] [] | 30 1179 gpe-taskmanager | [] [] [] [] [] | 29 1180 gpe-timesheet | [] [] [] [] [] | 25 1181 gpe-today | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 30 1182 gpe-todo | [] [] [] [] | 17 1183 gphoto2 | [] [] [] [] [] | 24 1184 gprof | [] [] [] | 15 1185 gpsdrive | [] [] [] | 11 1186 gramadoir | [] [] [] | 11 1187 grep | [] [] [] | 10 1188 grub | [] [] [] | 14 1189 gsasl | [] [] [] [] | 14 1190 gss | [] [] [] | 11 1191 gst-plugins-bad | [] [] [] [] | 22 1192 gst-plugins-base | [] [] [] [] [] | 24 1193 gst-plugins-good | [] [] [] [] [] | 25 1194 gst-plugins-ugly | [] [] [] [] [] | 29 1195 gstreamer | [] [] [] [] | 22 1196 gtick | [] [] [] | 13 1197 gtkam | [] [] [] | 20 1198 gtkorphan | [] [] [] | 14 1199 gtkspell | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 45 1200 gutenprint | [] | 10 1201 hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 21 1202 help2man | [] [] | 7 1203 hylafax | [] | 5 1204 idutils | [] [] [] [] | 17 1205 indent | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 30 1206 iso_15924 | () [] () [] [] | 16 1207 iso_3166 | [] [] () [] [] () [] [] [] () | 53 1208 iso_3166_2 | () [] () [] | 9 1209 iso_4217 | [] () [] [] () [] [] | 26 1210 iso_639 | [] [] [] () [] () [] [] [] [] | 38 1211 iso_639_3 | [] () | 8 1212 jwhois | [] [] [] [] [] | 16 1213 kbd | [] [] [] [] [] | 15 1214 keytouch | [] [] [] | 16 1215 keytouch-editor | [] [] [] | 14 1216 keytouch-keyboa... | [] [] [] | 14 1217 klavaro | [] | 11 1218 latrine | [] [] [] | 10 1219 ld | [] [] [] [] | 11 1220 leafpad | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 33 1221 libc | [] [] [] [] [] | 21 1222 libexif | [] () | 6 1223 libextractor | [] | 1 1224 libgnutls | [] [] [] | 9 1225 libgpewidget | [] [] [] | 14 1226 libgpg-error | [] [] [] | 9 1227 libgphoto2 | [] [] | 8 1228 libgphoto2_port | [] [] [] [] | 13 1229 libgsasl | [] [] [] | 13 1230 libiconv | [] [] [] [] | 21 1231 libidn | () [] [] | 11 1232 lifelines | [] | 4 1233 liferea | [] [] [] | 21 1234 lilypond | [] | 7 1235 linkdr | [] [] [] [] [] | 17 1236 lordsawar | | 1 1237 lprng | [] | 3 1238 lynx | [] [] [] [] | 17 1239 m4 | [] [] [] [] | 19 1240 mailfromd | [] [] | 3 1241 mailutils | [] | 5 1242 make | [] [] [] [] | 21 1243 man-db | [] [] [] | 8 1244 man-db-manpages | | 4 1245 minicom | [] [] | 16 1246 mkisofs | [] [] | 9 1247 myserver | | 0 1248 nano | [] [] [] [] | 21 1249 opcodes | [] [] [] | 11 1250 parted | [] [] [] [] [] | 15 1251 pies | [] [] | 3 1252 popt | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 27 1253 psmisc | [] [] | 11 1254 pspp | | 4 1255 pwdutils | [] [] | 6 1256 radius | [] [] | 9 1257 recode | [] [] [] [] | 28 1258 rosegarden | () | 0 1259 rpm | [] [] [] | 11 1260 rush | [] [] | 4 1261 sarg | | 1 1262 screem | [] | 3 1263 scrollkeeper | [] [] [] [] [] | 27 1264 sed | [] [] [] [] [] | 30 1265 sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 22 1266 shishi | [] | 3 1267 skencil | [] [] | 7 1268 solfege | [] [] [] [] | 16 1269 solfege-manual | [] | 8 1270 soundtracker | [] [] [] | 9 1271 sp | [] | 3 1272 sysstat | [] [] | 15 1273 tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 23 1274 texinfo | [] [] [] [] | 16 1275 tin | | 4 1276 unicode-han-tra... | | 0 1277 unicode-transla... | | 2 1278 util-linux-ng | [] [] [] [] | 20 1279 vice | () () | 1 1280 vmm | [] | 4 1281 vorbis-tools | [] | 6 1282 wastesedge | | 2 1283 wdiff | [] [] | 7 1284 wget | [] [] [] [] [] | 26 1285 wyslij-po | [] [] | 8 1286 xchat | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 36 1287 xdg-user-dirs | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 60 1288 xkeyboard-config | [] [] [] [] | 25 1289 +---------------------------------------------------+ 1290 84 teams sv sw ta te tg th tr uk vi wa zh_CN zh_HK zh_TW 1291 178 domains 119 1 3 2 0 10 66 50 155 17 97 7 41 2610 1292 1293 Some counters in the preceding matrix are higher than the number of 1294visible blocks let us expect. This is because a few extra PO files are 1295used for implementing regional variants of languages, or language 1296dialects. 1297 1298 For a PO file in the matrix above to be effective, the package to 1299which it applies should also have been internationalized and 1300distributed as such by its maintainer. There might be an observable 1301lag between the mere existence a PO file and its wide availability in a 1302distribution. 1303 1304 If May 2010 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy of 1305this `ABOUT-NLS' file on most GNU archive sites. The most up-to-date 1306matrix with full percentage details can be found at 1307`http://translationproject.org/extra/matrix.html'. 1308 13091.6 Using `gettext' in new packages 1310=================================== 1311 1312If you are writing a freely available program and want to 1313internationalize it you are welcome to use GNU `gettext' in your 1314package. Of course you have to respect the GNU Library General Public 1315License which covers the use of the GNU `gettext' library. This means 1316in particular that even non-free programs can use `libintl' as a shared 1317library, whereas only free software can use `libintl' as a static 1318library or use modified versions of `libintl'. 1319 1320 Once the sources are changed appropriately and the setup can handle 1321the use of `gettext' the only thing missing are the translations. The 1322Free Translation Project is also available for packages which are not 1323developed inside the GNU project. Therefore the information given above 1324applies also for every other Free Software Project. Contact 1325`coordinator@translationproject.org' to make the `.pot' files available 1326to the translation teams. 1327 1328