1 /* Compare strings while treating digits characters numerically.
2    Copyright (C) 1997, 2002, 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3    This file is part of the libiberty library.
4    Contributed by Jean-Fran�ois Bignolles <bignolle@ecoledoc.ibp.fr>, 1997.
5 
6    Libiberty is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7    modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8    License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9    version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10 
11    Libiberty is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
14    Lesser General Public License for more details.
15 
16    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17    License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free
18    Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
19    02110-1301 USA.  */
20 
21 #include <ctype.h>
22 
23 /*
24 @deftypefun int strverscmp (const char *@var{s1}, const char *@var{s2})
25 The @code{strverscmp} function compares the string @var{s1} against
26 @var{s2}, considering them as holding indices/version numbers.  Return
27 value follows the same conventions as found in the @code{strverscmp}
28 function.  In fact, if @var{s1} and @var{s2} contain no digits,
29 @code{strverscmp} behaves like @code{strcmp}.
30 
31 Basically, we compare strings normally (character by character), until
32 we find a digit in each string - then we enter a special comparison
33 mode, where each sequence of digits is taken as a whole.  If we reach the
34 end of these two parts without noticing a difference, we return to the
35 standard comparison mode.  There are two types of numeric parts:
36 "integral" and "fractional" (those  begin with a '0'). The types
37 of the numeric parts affect the way we sort them:
38 
39 @itemize @bullet
40 @item
41 integral/integral: we compare values as you would expect.
42 
43 @item
44 fractional/integral: the fractional part is less than the integral one.
45 Again, no surprise.
46 
47 @item
48 fractional/fractional: the things become a bit more complex.
49 If the common prefix contains only leading zeroes, the longest part is less
50 than the other one; else the comparison behaves normally.
51 @end itemize
52 
53 @smallexample
54 strverscmp ("no digit", "no digit")
55     @result{} 0    // @r{same behavior as strcmp.}
56 strverscmp ("item#99", "item#100")
57     @result{} <0   // @r{same prefix, but 99 < 100.}
58 strverscmp ("alpha1", "alpha001")
59     @result{} >0   // @r{fractional part inferior to integral one.}
60 strverscmp ("part1_f012", "part1_f01")
61     @result{} >0   // @r{two fractional parts.}
62 strverscmp ("foo.009", "foo.0")
63     @result{} <0   // @r{idem, but with leading zeroes only.}
64 @end smallexample
65 
66 This function is especially useful when dealing with filename sorting,
67 because filenames frequently hold indices/version numbers.
68 @end deftypefun
69 
70 */
71 
72 /* states: S_N: normal, S_I: comparing integral part, S_F: comparing
73            fractional parts, S_Z: idem but with leading Zeroes only */
74 #define  S_N    0x0
75 #define  S_I    0x4
76 #define  S_F    0x8
77 #define  S_Z    0xC
78 
79 /* result_type: CMP: return diff; LEN: compare using len_diff/diff */
80 #define  CMP    2
81 #define  LEN    3
82 
83 
84 /* Compare S1 and S2 as strings holding indices/version numbers,
85    returning less than, equal to or greater than zero if S1 is less than,
86    equal to or greater than S2 (for more info, see the Glibc texinfo doc).  */
87 
88 int
strverscmp(const char * s1,const char * s2)89 strverscmp (const char *s1, const char *s2)
90 {
91   const unsigned char *p1 = (const unsigned char *) s1;
92   const unsigned char *p2 = (const unsigned char *) s2;
93   unsigned char c1, c2;
94   int state;
95   int diff;
96 
97   /* Symbol(s)    0       [1-9]   others  (padding)
98      Transition   (10) 0  (01) d  (00) x  (11) -   */
99   static const unsigned int next_state[] =
100     {
101       /* state    x    d    0    - */
102       /* S_N */  S_N, S_I, S_Z, S_N,
103       /* S_I */  S_N, S_I, S_I, S_I,
104       /* S_F */  S_N, S_F, S_F, S_F,
105       /* S_Z */  S_N, S_F, S_Z, S_Z
106     };
107 
108   static const int result_type[] =
109     {
110       /* state   x/x  x/d  x/0  x/-  d/x  d/d  d/0  d/-
111                  0/x  0/d  0/0  0/-  -/x  -/d  -/0  -/- */
112 
113       /* S_N */  CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, LEN, CMP, CMP,
114                  CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP,
115       /* S_I */  CMP, -1,  -1,  CMP, +1,  LEN, LEN, CMP,
116                  +1,  LEN, LEN, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP,
117       /* S_F */  CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, LEN, CMP, CMP,
118                  CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP, CMP,
119       /* S_Z */  CMP, +1,  +1,  CMP, -1,  CMP, CMP, CMP,
120                  -1,  CMP, CMP, CMP
121     };
122 
123   if (p1 == p2)
124     return 0;
125 
126   c1 = *p1++;
127   c2 = *p2++;
128   /* Hint: '0' is a digit too.  */
129   state = S_N | ((c1 == '0') + (isdigit (c1) != 0));
130 
131   while ((diff = c1 - c2) == 0 && c1 != '\0')
132     {
133       state = next_state[state];
134       c1 = *p1++;
135       c2 = *p2++;
136       state |= (c1 == '0') + (isdigit (c1) != 0);
137     }
138 
139   state = result_type[state << 2 | (((c2 == '0') + (isdigit (c2) != 0)))];
140 
141   switch (state)
142     {
143     case CMP:
144       return diff;
145 
146     case LEN:
147       while (isdigit (*p1++))
148         if (!isdigit (*p2++))
149           return 1;
150 
151       return isdigit (*p2) ? -1 : diff;
152 
153     default:
154       return state;
155     }
156 }
157